Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

: материалы временных коллективов / G. F. Antonova, T. N. Varaksina, V. V. Stasova // Eurasian Journal of Forest Research. - 2007. - Vol. 10-2. - С. 149-161. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: The rate of lignin deposition, its content and composition, and molecular weight distribution of different stages of secondary wall thickening during tracheid development of both earlywood and latewood in Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ldb.) were studied in the stems of 25-year-old trees. The cells of early and late xylem at different stages of secondary wall development were obtaint in late June and early in August, respectively. Lignification of the two types of wood was found to involve different dynamics. The intensity of lignin synthesis during earlywood formation increases gradually, reaching the maximum at the last stage of tracheid maturation. In contrast, lignin deposition in the course of latewood development is the highest only in the first stage of lignification and declines by the end of tracheid maturation. There were differences in the composition of alkaline oxidation products of lignin preparations at different development stages of early and late xylem. The amount of cell wall substances deposited before lignification in earlywood is larger than that in latewood.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр., 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Varaksina, Tamara Nikonorovna; Вараксина, Тамара Никоноровна; Stasova, Victoria Victorovna; Стасова, Виктория Викторовна; Антонова, Галина Феодосиевна
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: материалы временных коллективов / E. V. Bazhina, O. V. Kvitko, E. N. Muratova // Eurasian Journal of Forest Research. - 2008. - Vol. 11-1. - С. 41-49. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Meiosis in Siberian fir is characterized by asynchrony (prophase I and tetrads in the same microsporangium simultaneously). Up to 4 nucleoli (in naturals stands) and 5 (in an arboretum) are observed at prophase I. The shortest meiotic stages are telophase I and 2. Each of them is observed in 0.2% (in an arboretum) and 0.05% (in natural stands) of cells. In natural stands meiosis elapses quickly (within 2 days). In an arboretum it can continue for more than two weeks. Mainly meiosis is regular. Meiotic irregilarities are, though, also encountered at different stages (fragments, bridges, etc.). In trees growing in an arboretum the total number of irregular cells can reach 17.9%. In natural populations only 11.7-13.3% of cells are irregular. The spectrum of meiotic irregularities in an arboretum is wider than in natural stands.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр., 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Kvitko, Ol'ga Viktorovna; Квитко, Ольга Викторовна; Muratova, Elena Nikolayevna; Бажина, Елена Васильевна

: материалы временных коллективов / G. F. Antonova, V. V. Stasova // Trees. Structure and function. - 1997. - Vol. 11, № 8. - С. 462-468. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Effects of temperatures and precipitation on xylem cell production by the cambium, radial cell expansion and secondary wall thickening in larch stems have been studied. The observation were carried out over two seasons on ten 50- to 60-year-old trees, growing in Central Siberia and chosen according to growth rate (the number of cells in radial rows of each of two of the preceding seasons was equal).

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Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Stasova, Victoria Victorovna; Стасова, Виктория Викторовна; Антонова, Галина Феодосиевна

[Текст] = Anatomical characteristics of wood at various heights in the stems of gmelin larch trees growing in the upper treeline ecotone (Taymyr) : материалы временных коллективов / В. В. Симанько // Исследование компонентов лесных экосистем Сибири: Материалы конференции молодых ученых, 5-6 апреля 2012 г. , Красноярск. - Красноярск : Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН , 2012. - Вып. 13. - С. 47-50. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Larch trees growing at the places in the upper border "open larch stand - tundra" and the upper border closed forest - open forest situated at the upper tree-line ecotone, were under study. Anatomical structure of tree rings at various stem heights, were investigatted. Better hydrothermal conditions in upper border of the "open larch stand - tundra" facilitate the formation of hinger number of cells and larder radial cell size in trees in comparison with those in the closed stand. These differences are related to adaptation of larch conducting tissue to correspond hydrothermal soil conditions.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Siman'ko Valentina Vital'yevna

/ P. . Fonti [et al.] // Am. J. Bot. - 2013. - Vol. 100, Is. 7. - P1332-1343, DOI 10.3732/ajb.1200484. - Cited References: 53. - The authors thank N. S. van Doorn for editing the English. This work has been supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project Number 11-04-91153_a) and the Swiss National Science Foundation projects "Identifying seasonal climatic signals from water conducting cells in tree rings" (Nr. IZK0Z3_131408), "Tree growth and forest ecosystem functioning in Eurasia under changing climate" (Nr. IZ73Z0_128035), and "INtra-seasonal Tree growth along Elevational GRAdients in the European Alps" (INTEGRAL, Nr 200021_121859), and the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Scientific School 5327.2012.4). . - 12. - ISSN 0002-9122РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: Premise of the study: Xylem structure determines the hydraulic and mechanical properties of a stem, and its plasticity is fundamental for maintaining tree performance under changing conditions. Unveiling the mechanism and the range of xylem adjustment is thus necessary to anticipate climate change impacts on vegetation. Methods: To understand the mechanistic process and the functional impact of xylem responses to warming in a cold-limited environment, we investigated the relationship between temperature and tracheid anatomy along a 312-yr tree-ring chronology of Larix sibirica trees from the Altay Mountains in Russia. Key results: Climate-growth analyses indicated that warming favors wider earlywood cell lumen, thicker laewood walls, denser maximum latewood, and wider rings. The temperature signal of the latewood was stronger (r > 0.7) and covered a longer and more stable period (from June to August) than that of earlywood and tree-ring width. Long-term analyses indicated a diverging trend between lumen and cell wall of early-and latewood. Conclusions: Xylem anatomy appears to respond to warming temperatures. A warmer early-growing season raises water conduction capacity by increasing the number and size of earlywood tracheids. The higher-performing earlywood tracheids promote more carbon fixation of the latewood cells by incrementing the rate of assimilation when summer conditions are favorable for growth. The diverging long-term variation of lumen and cell wall in earlywood vs. latewood suggests that xylem adjustments in latewood increase mechanical integrity and support increasing tree size under the ameliorated growing conditions.

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[Fonti, Patrick] WSL Swiss Fed Res Inst, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
[Bryukhanova, Marina V.
Kirdyanov, Alexander V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Myglan, Vladimir S.
Naumova, Oksana V.
Vaganov, Eugene A.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Fonti, P...; Bryukhanova, M.V.; Myglan, V.S.; Kirdyanov, A.V.; Naumova, O.V.; Vaganov, E.A.

/ M. . Bryukhanova, P. . Fonti // Trees-Struct. Funct. - 2013. - Vol. 27, Is. 3. - P485-496, DOI 10.1007/s00468-012-0802-8. - Cited References: 45. - This study was supported by Swiss National Foundation through an International short visit (Grant number: #131408) and through the cooperation on the project INTEGRAL (#121859). We would like to thank David Frank and Georg von Arx for their assistance and critical discussion of an earlier version of the manuscript, and Kathlene English and Gregory King for the English review. . - 12. - ISSN 0931-1890РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Thanks to acclimation, trees overcome environmental changes and endure for centuries. The anatomy of water conducting cells is an important factor determining plant success. Forming cells are coupled with the environment and their properties are naturally archived in the wood. Its variability across tree rings can thus provide a retrospective of plant's hydraulic adjustments. In this work, we measured lumen and wall thickness of tracheids along tree-rings to explore how trees regulate their conducting system under variable plant-water conditions. Tracheids were measured along 51 dated rings of five mature Larix decidua and Picea abies trees from a low elevation site. Anatomical-based chronologies of annual growth performance, hydraulic conductance and safety, and construction costs were built. Similarities among chronologies and the relation to monthly climate data were analyzed. Most parameters displayed high annual plasticity which was partly coherent among trees and mostly associated with radial growth. In general, summer drought reduced growth and potential hydraulic conductivity of the forming ring, and increased hydraulic safety and construction costs. To evaluate the functional relevance of the annual acclimation, the conductivity of the forming ring relative to the entire sapwood needs to be assessed.

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Держатели документа:
[Bryukhanova, Marina] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Fonti, Patrick] WSL Swiss Fed Res Inst, CH-8903 Zurich, Switzerland

Доп.точки доступа:
Bryukhanova, M...; Fonti, P...

/ I. N. Tret'yakova, A. V. Barsukova // Russ. J. Dev. Biol. - 2012. - Vol. 43, Is. 6. - P353-361, DOI 10.1134/S1062360412060082. - Cited References: 32. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 11-04-00281 and Integration Project no. 53 (Genofond of Conifers). . - 9. - ISSN 1062-3604РУБ Developmental Biology

Аннотация: Embryogenic callus formation in different larch species from Siberia (Larix sibirica, L. gmelinii, and L. sukaczewii) was carried out on MSGm medium supplemented with growth regulators (2.4-D and BAP) and followed one and the same scheme: elongation of somatic cells and their asymmetric division with formation of initial and tube cells. The cells of embryo initial underwent sequential divisions and formed embryonic globules which caused the formation of somatic embryos. Somatic embryos became mature and germinated by addition of ABA and PEG into the medium. Long-term proliferating cell lines and regenerant plants were obtained in Sukachev larch and its hybrid with Siberian larch. The success of somatic embryogenesis depended on the genotype of the donor tree.

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Держатели документа:
[Tret'yakova, I. N.
Barsukova, A. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Tret'yakova, I.N.; Barsukova, A.V.

/ G. F. Antonova [et al.] // Russ. J. Dev. Biol. - 2012. - Vol. 43, Is. 4. - P199-208, DOI 10.1134/S1062360412040029. - Cited References: 51. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 06-04-49501. . - 10. - ISSN 1062-3604РУБ Developmental Biology

Аннотация: The content and fractional composition of alcohol soluble phenolic acids (PhA) in cells with different degree maturation and lignification in the course of early and late wood formation in the pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stem during vegetation were studied. Phenolic compounds (PhC), extracted by 80% ethanol, were divided into free and bound fractions of PhA. In turn, the esters and ethers were isolated from bound PhA. The contents of all substances were calculated per dry weight and per cell. Considerable differences have been found to exist in both the contents and the composition of the fractions PhA on successive stages of tracheid maturation of early and late xylem. Early wood tracheids at all secondary wall thickening steps contained PhC less and free PhA more than late wood tracheids. Throughout earlywood tracheid maturation, the pool of free PhA per cell declined at the beginning of lignification and then increased gradually while that of bound PhA decreased. The maturation of late wood tracheids were accompanied by the rise of free PhA pool and the diminution of bound PhA pool. In the composition of bound PhA, the ethers were always dominant, and the amount of that in earlywood cells was less than in latewood cells. The cells of early xylem at all steps of maturation contained more of esters. The sum total of free hydroxycinnamic acids, precursors of monolignols, gradually decreased during early xylem lignification as the result of the reduction of the pools of p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic and synapic acids, while that of their esters rised. In the course of late xylem lignification, the pools of free p-coumaric, ferulic and, especially, synapic acids increased. Simultaneously, the amount of ferulic acid ester and synapic acid ether increased too. According to the data, lignin biosynthesis in early xylem and late xylem occurs with different dynamics and the structure of lignins of two xylem types might be different too.

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Держатели документа:
[Antonova, G. F.
Varaksina, T. N.
Zheleznichenko, T. V.
Stasova, V. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Antonova, G.F.; Varaksina, T.N.; Zheleznichenko, T.V.; Stasova, V.V.

[Text] / O. V. Kvitko, E. N. Muratova, E. V. Bazhina // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2011. - Vol. 4, Is. 6. - P641-646, DOI 10.1134/S1995425511060129. - Cited References: 25. - The study has been carried out under support of the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (grants no. 08-04-90001Bel_a, 09-04-98000). . - 6. - ISSN 1995-4255РУБ Ecology

Аннотация: The cytogenetic study of Abies sibirica seed progenies in declining fir stands of West Sayan High Mountains has been carried out. The increased amount of chromosome and genome mutations, pathologies of mitotic cycle and cells with micronuclei were found at studying. The revealed irregularities may be the result of a long-term exposure to extreme environmental factors and probably reflect the high degree of disturbance of the ecosystem in this region.

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Держатели документа:
[Kvitko, O. V.
Muratova, E. N.
Bazhina, E. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kvitko, O.V.; Muratova, E.N.; Bazhina, E.V.

[Text] / G. G. Polyakova, V. V. Stasova, N. V. Pashenova // Russ. J. Plant Physiol. - 2011. - Vol. 58, Is. 5. - P819-827, DOI 10.1134/S1021443711050177. - Cited References: 23. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 09-04-09030. . - 9. - ISSN 1021-4437РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: Ophiostomatoid fungi colonize the conducting tissues of conifer stems, the phloem and the xylem. These pathogenic fungi penetrate into the stem through injuries made by xylophagous insects vectoring these pathogens. In this study the response of the phloem of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) to wounding (treatment 1) was compared with the response to wounding combined with application of high-molecular-weight compounds isolated from the mycelium of the ophiostomatoid fungus Ceratocystis laricicola Redfern & Minter (treatment 2). Both treatments induced the appearance of necrosis in the inner bark, the formation of periderm separating living and dead tissues, and formation of the callus alongside the wound perimeter. In addition, the bark accumulated lignin, bound proanthocyanidins, and resins, with a parallel decrease in the content of free proanthocyanidins, low-molecular-weight carbohydrates, and non-lignin components of the cell wall (P > 0.95). The size of necrotic spots, as well as changes in the content of most substances, were significantly higher in the treatment 2 than in the treatment 1 (P > 0.95). The accumulation of lignin in cell walls of phloem sieve cells was delayed in the treatment 2 as compared with that in the treatment 1. This suggested that the mycelial extract temporarily inhibited lignification at the early stage of the wound response. This disturbance of the cell wall protective transformation led to the hypothesis that the fungal suppressors retard the repair of inner bark injured by insects, thereby favoring the invasion of conifer tissues by ophiostomatoid fungi.

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Держатели документа:
[Polyakova, G. G.
Stasova, V. V.
Pashenova, N. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Polyakova, G.G.; Stasova, V.V.; Pashenova, N.V.

[Text] / G. F. Antonova, T. V. Zheleznichenko, V. V. Stasova // Russ. J. Dev. Biol. - 2011. - Vol. 42, Is. 4. - P238-246, DOI 10.1134/S1062360411020032. - Cited References: 48. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 06-04-49501. . - 9. - ISSN 1062-3604РУБ Developmental Biology

Аннотация: The content and composition of alcohol soluble phenolic acids (PhAs) were studied during cell xylem growth in course of wood annual increment formation in the trunks of Scots pine. Cells of the cambium zone, two stages of expansion growth, and outset of secondary thickening zone (before lignification) within the period of formation of early wood xylem were subsequently isolated from trunk segments of 25-year-old trees with constant anatomical and histochemical control. The amount of free and bound forms of phenolic acids extracted from tissues by 80% ethanol, as well as their ethers and esters, were calculated both per dry weight and per cells. The substantial alteration in content, proportion of fractions and composition of acids has been found between the cambium zone and the outset of secondary thickening of tracheids, and the character of variation depended on the calculation method. The amount of free and bound PhAs and esters and especially ethers calculated per cell had increased at the first stage of extension growth, reduced at the second, and increased in the outset of secondary wall deposition. The pool of bound acids was more than acids by 2-5 times depending on the stage of development of the cells. Sinapic and ferulic acids dominate among free hydroxycinnamic acids. The composition and the content of hydroxycinnamic acids in esters and ethers also depended on the stage of development of the cells. p-Coumaric and sinapic acids were the main aglycons in ethers in the cambium and sinapic and caffeic acids were in the other stages. The esters from cambium included mostly p-coumaric acid and those at other stages of development were sinapic and ferulic acids. The esters included benzoic acid at the first stages of growth. The pool of these esters decreased from the first phase of growth until the outset of cell wall thickening. The level of free benzoic acid increased respectively.

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Держатели документа:
[Antonova, G. F.
Zheleznichenko, T. V.
Stasova, V. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Antonova, G.F.; Zheleznichenko, T.V.; Stasova, V.V.

[Text] / G. F. Antonova, V. V. Stasova // Russ. J. Dev. Biol. - 2008. - Vol. 39, Is. 4. - P207-218, DOI 10.1134/S1062360408040024. - Cited References: 82 . - 12. - ISSN 1062-3604РУБ Developmental Biology

Аннотация: The seasonal development of phloem in the stems of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ldb.) was studied over two seasons on 50-60-year-old trees growing in a natural stand in the Siberian forest-steppe zone. Trees at the age of 20-25 years were used to study metabolites in differentiating and mature phloem elements, cambial zone, and radially growing xylem cells in the periods of early and late wood formation. The development of the current-year phloem in the stems of 50-60-year-old trees started, depending on climatic conditions, in the second-third decades of May, 10-20 days before the xylem formation, and ended together with the shoot growth cessation in late July. Monitoring of the seasonal activity of cambium producing phloem sieve cells and the duration of their differentiation compared to the xylem derivatives in the cambium demonstrated that the top production of phloem and xylem cells could coincide or not coincide during the season, while their differentiation activity was always in antiphase. Sieve cells in the early phloem are separated from those in the late phloem by a layer of tannin-containing cells, which are formed in the period when late xylem formation starts. The starch content in the structural elements of phloem depends on the state of annual xylem layer development. The content of low molecular weight carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, and phenols in phloem cells, cambial zone, and xylem derivatives of the cambium depends on the cell type and developmental stage as well as on the type of forming wood (early or late) differing by the cell wall parameters and, hence, by the requirement for assimilates. Significant differences in the dynamics of substances per dry weight and cell were observed during cell development.

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Держатели документа:
[Antonova, G. F.
Stasova, V. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Antonova, G.F.; Stasova, V.V.

[Text] / A. S. Belorussova, I. N. Tret'yakova // Russ. J. Dev. Biol. - 2008. - Vol. 39, Is. 2. - P83-91, DOI 10.1134/S1062360408020045. - Cited References: 33 . - 9. - ISSN 1062-3604РУБ Developmental Biology

Аннотация: Somatic embryogenesis was induced in Siberian larch by in vitro culturing zygotic embryos at different developmental stages. Cultures were grown in modified Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with hormones 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2 mg/l) and 6-benzylaminopurine (0.5-1 mg/l). The success of somatic embryogenesis in this species depended on the tree genotype and developmental stage of embryos used for culturing. Somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos at the stage of cotyledon initiation was most active. After 5-10 days, such embryos formed the embryogenic tissue including two cell types-elongated highly vacuolated embryonic tubes and small embryonic cells. Somatic embryos were isolated from proliferating embryogenic tissues after 2 months of culture.

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Держатели документа:
[Belorussova, A. S.
Tret'yakova, I. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Belorussova, A.S.; Tret'yakova, I.N.

[Text] / G. F. Antonova [et al.] // Russ. J. Plant Physiol. - 2005. - Vol. 52, Is. 1. - P83-92, DOI 10.1007/s11183-005-0013-x. - Cited References: 29 . - 10. - ISSN 1021-4437РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: The contents of ascorbic acid (AA) and its oxidized form, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), were assessed as related to the tracheid differentiation in the course of early and late wood development in the Siberianlarch (Larix sibirica Ldb.) trees. The samples of the cambium, cell enlargement zone and mature cells were collected at the successive developmental stages by scraping tissues off layer by layer from trunk segments of the 20-year-old trees according to anatomical and histochemical criteria. While cambium initials were rapidly dividing, the AA contents per dry weight and per cell considerably exceeded the corresponding values characteristic of the late xylem development; such difference corresponded to the higher number of early tracheids per annual ring, as compared to the late tracheids. The AA content decreased as cells enlarged. The radial growth of the early wood tracheids, as compared to the late wood tracheids, was accompanied with a threefold increase in the AA and a decline in the DHA contents. The AA/DHA ratio was in line with the early tracheid enlargement. The maximum AA content was observed at the early stage of the secondary cell wall thickening in the tracheids of early and late xylem preceding lignification. During this stage of early wood development, the DHA content exceeded sixfold the corresponding value in the late xylem; as a result, the initial rates of lignification were different in two tissues. The rate of lignification in a newly developing layer of the early xylem increased gradually and was the highest in the completely differentiated tracheids. In the late xylem, the lignification rate was at its highest at the very beginning and then declined in the course of tracheid maturation. The dissimilar patterns of lignification in the early and late xylem were primarily associated with the DHA content, which increased in the early xylem and decreased in the maturing late xylem. Thus, the AA content and its accessibility to oxidation in the growing and mature xylem cells exhibited the diverse developmental patterns in the early and late xylem: two tissues differed in the tracheid number and radial diameter as well as in the rate of lignification.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Antonova, G.F.; Chaplygina, I.A.; Varaksina, T.N.; Stasova, V.V.

[Text] / E. A. Vaganov [et al.] // Astrobiology. - 2004. - Vol. 4, Is. 3. - P391-399, DOI 10.1089/ast.2004.4.391. - Cited References: 34 . - 9. - ISSN 1531-1074РУБ Astronomy & Astrophysics + Biology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: We analyzed tree rings in wood samples collected from some of the few surviving trees found close to the epicenter (within 4-5 km) of the Tunguska event that occurred on the last day of June 1908. Tree-ring growth shows a depression starting in the year after the event and continuing during a 4-5-year period. The most remarkable traces of the event were found in the rings' anatomical structure: (1) formation of "light" rings and a reduction of maximum density in 1908; (2) non-thickened tracheids (the cells that make up most of the wood volume) in the transition and latewood zones (the middle and last-formed parts of the ring, respectively); and (3) deformed tracheids, which are located on the 1908 annual ring outer boundary. In the majority of samples, normal earlywood and latewood tracheids were formed in all annual rings after 1908. The observed anomalies in wood anatomy suggest two main impacts of the Tunguska event on surviving trees-M defoliation and (2) direct mechanical stress on active xylem tissue. The mechanical stress needed to fell trees is less than the stress needed to cause the deformation of differentiating tracheids observed in trees close to the epicenter. In order to resolve this apparent contradiction, work is suggested on possible topographic modification of the overpressure experienced by these trees, as is an experimental test of the effects of such stresses on precisely analogous growing trees.

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Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Monitoring Climat & Ecol Syst, Siberian Branch, Tomsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Vaganov, E.A.; Hughes, M.K.; Silkin, P.P.; Nesvetailo, V.D.

[Text] / I. N. Tretyakova, N. V. Novoselova, Y. A. Cherepovskii // Russ. J. Plant Physiol. - 2004. - Vol. 51, Is. 1. - P120-126, DOI 10.1023/B:RUPP.0000011312.64979.0d. - Cited References: 12 . - 7. - ISSN 1021-4437РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: Morphological and cytoembryological studies of unique forms of Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) with the annual cycle of ovulate cone development were carried out. The morphogenesis of female shoots in these anomalous trees with the annual cycle of development was shown to provide for an accelerated development and very rapid growth of megastrobili and accelerated formation of reproductive structures. Cytoembryological studies of ovules in these trees showed significant shortening of the free-nuclear stage of gametophyte development (up to 3 weeks instead of one year) and ultra-early formation of archegonia and egg cells. However, no fertilization of egg cells and the development of embryos occur in the anomalous forms; the egg-cell nucleus divides in the haploid state. Developing seeds are formed without embryo. The author hypothesizes that the acceleration of embryo development in the anomalous pine trees is caused by enhanced hormonal, carbohydrate, and nitrogen metabolism in ovule tissues.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Tretyakova, I.N.; Novoselova, N.V.; Cherepovskii, Y.A.

[Text] / I. V. Shein [et al.] // Russ. J. Plant Physiol. - 2003. - Vol. 50, Is. 5. - P634-639, DOI 10.1023/A:1025688023862. - Cited References: 27 . - 6. - ISSN 1021-4437РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) callus culture was treated with the mycelium extracts from six Fusarium strains. Previously, pine seedlings were infected with a spore suspension in order to test the pathogenicity of the used strains. Callus culture infection resulted in a decrease in the free proanthocyanidin (PA) and an increase in bound PA content. After treating the calli with all strains except F. oxysporum var. orthoceras, the lignin content became lower than the control one. The most considerable changes involved the p-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) content, and its greatest change was observed after treating the calli with F. nivale, when the HBA concentration (1229 mug/g, dry wt) exceeded fourfold the control one. There was a positive correlation (R = 0.81) between the HBA content in the callus culture cells treated with a fungal extract and the virulence of Fusarium strains. At the same time, there was an inverse correlation (R = -0.80) between the lignin content in a callus culture and the fungal virulence; the latter did not affect the contents of both free and bound PA.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Ctr Forest Def Krasnoyarsk Krai, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

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Shein, I.V.; Andreeva, O.N.; Polyakova, G.G.; Zrazhevskaya, G.K.

[Text] / K. . Yazaki [et al.] // Tree Physiol. - 2001. - Vol. 21, Is. 16. - P1223-1229. - Cited References: 39 . - 7. - ISSN 0829-318XРУБ Forestry

Аннотация: We compared effects of ambient (360 vpm) and elevated (720 vpm) carbon dioxide concentration ([CO(2)]) and high and low nutrient supply rates on stem growth, annual ring structure and tracheid anatomy of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) seedlings over two growing seasons. Elevated [CO(2)] had no significant effect on either stem height or diameter growth; however, both stem height and diameter growth were enhanced by the high nutrient supply rate, and these increases were stimulated by elevated [CO(2)]. Elevated [CO(2)] tended to increase the width of the annual xylem ring, the number of cells in a radial file spanning the ring, and tracheid lumen diameter, whereas it tended to reduce cell wall thickness, although there were no statistically significant CO(2) effects on tracheid anatomy. Changes in tracheid cell morphology seemed to be dependent on changes in shoot elongation rates.

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Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan
Tohoku Res Ctr, Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Morioka, Iwate 0200123, Japan
Hokaido Res Ctr, Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0628516, Japan
Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Hokkaido Univ Forests, FSC, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan

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Yazaki, K...; Funada, R...; Mori, S...; Maruyama, Y...; Abaimov, A.P.; Kayama, M...; Koike, T...

[Text] / I. V. Shein [et al.] // Russ. J. Plant Physiol. - 2001. - Vol. 48, Is. 2. - P216-221, DOI 10.1023/A:1009056201926. - Cited References: 23 . - 6. - ISSN 1021-4437РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: Callus cultures of Siberian larch (Lar ix sibirica Ledeb.) and Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.) were used to demonstrate the elicitor activity of two ophiostomatoid fungal species, Ceratocystis laricicola and Ceratocystis polonica, as the pioneer settlers on larch and spruce, respectively. The extract from C. laricicola mycelium stimulated the accumulation of lignin in larch cells by 37% and that of hound proanthocyanidins by 25%. In spruce callus cultures, C. laricicola and C. polonica increased the bound PA content by 25 and 46%, respectively. In the callus cultures of larch and spruce, the addition of extract of C. laricicola increased the concentration of p-hydroxybenzoic acid 13-fold and nearly 4-fold, respectively. The metabolic characteristics of accumulation of phenolic compounds in conifer cells are discussed.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Siberian Div, Akademgorodok 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Shein, I.V.; Polyakova, G.G.; Zrazhevskaya, G.K.; Pashenova, N.V.; Vetrova, V.P.

[Текст] / Y. K. Djanseitov, W. K. Park, E. A. Vaganov // Izv. Akad. Nauk Ser. Biol. - 2000. - Is. 1. - С. 51-59. - Cited References: 36 . - 9. - ISSN 0002-3329РУБ Biology

Аннотация: Statistical analysis of high-frequency variations in the radial dimensions of tracheids was carried out using precise measurements of five radial rows in each annual tree ring for several coniferous species: Larix gmelinii, L. leptolepis, L. sibirica, Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris is, P. rigida, and P. densiflora. More than 25 tree rings with a varying number of cells and width were measured for each species. High-frequency variations in radial dimensions were found to have a regular (cyclic) characteristic and accumulated 5 to 11% of the total variability. The cyclic pattern was identified using Fourier analysis of time-related or successive series statistical procedure. The first order autocorrelations (-0.45 to -0.74) and the mean cycle of high-frequency variations (2.1-2.5) did not depend on the number of cells in the annual ring, i.e., they are determined by internal causes. The cyclic pattern of high-frequency variation in tracheid dimensions is used to interpret the seasonal mechanism of xylem formation. Specifically, (1) high-frequency variations in the tracheid radial size take place during the last asymmetrical division of the xylem mother cell before transition to the elongation zone, (2) the final tracheid radial size is mostly determined within the zone of division due to the last asymmetrical division, and (3) acceleration of cell cycle from the initial to the periphery of the cambial zone. The results obtained are also discussed with respect to the mechanisms of xylem differentiation.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Chungbuk Natl Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Forest Prod, Chonzhu 361763, South Korea

Доп.точки доступа:
Djanseitov, Y.K.; Park, W.K.; Vaganov, E.A.