Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ M. L. Bagard [et al.] // Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. - 2013. - Vol. 114. - P169-187, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2013.03.038. - Cited References: 104. - We thank T. Bullen and two anonymous reviewers for their thorough and constructive reviews and A. Jacobson for editorial handling. S. Gangloff is thanked for her assistance with Ca isotope chemistry and T. Perrone for his help in measuring Sr isotopes. This work was supported by the French INSU-CNRS program "EC2CO-Cytrix", and CNRS program "GDRI CAR-WET-SIB, ANR "Arctic Metals", programs of presidium UroRAS and RAS. It was also supported by the funding from the Region Alsace, France, and the CPER 2003-2013 "REALISE". MLB benefited the funding of a Ph.D. scholarship from the French Ministry of National Education and Research. This is an EOST-LHyGeS contribution. . - 19. - ISSN 0016-7037РУБ Geochemistry & Geophysics

Аннотация: Stable Ca and radiogenic Sr isotope compositions were measured in different compartments (stream water, soil solutions, rocks, soils and soil leachates and vegetation) of a small permafrost-dominated watershed in the Central Siberian Plateau. The Sr and Ca in the area are supplied by basalt weathering and atmospheric depositions, which significantly impact the Sr isotopic compositions. Only vegetation significantly fractionates the calcium isotopes within the watershed. These fractionations occur during Ca uptake by roots and along the transpiration stream within the larch trees and are hypothesised to be the result of chromatographic processes and Ca oxalate crystallisations during Ca circulation or storage within plant organs. Biomass degradation significantly influences the Ca isotopic compositions of soil solutions and soil leachates via the release of light Ca, and organic and organo-mineral colloids are thought to affect the Ca isotopic compositions of soil solutions by preferential scavenging of Ca-40. The imprint of organic matter degradation on the delta Ca-44/40 of soil solutions is much more significant for the warmer south-facing slope of the watershed than for the shallow and cold soil active layer of the north-facing slope. As a result, the available stock of biomass and the decomposition rates appear to be critical parameters that regulate the impact of vegetation on the soil-water system in permafrost areas. Finally, the obtained delta Ca-44/40 patterns contrast with those described for permafrost-free environments with a much lower delta Ca-44/40 fractionation factor between soils and plants, suggesting specific features of organic matter decomposition in permafrost environments. The biologically induced Ca isotopic fractionation observed at the soil profile scale is not pronounced at the scale of the streams and large rivers in which the delta Ca-44/40 signature may be controlled by the heterogeneity of lithological sources. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
[Bagard, Marie-Laure
Schmitt, Anne-Desiree
Chabaux, Francois
Stille, Peter] Univ Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
[Bagard, Marie-Laure
Schmitt, Anne-Desiree
Chabaux, Francois
Stille, Peter] CNRS, EOST, LHyGeS, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
[Schmitt, Anne-Desiree] Univ Franche Comte, CNRS, UMR 6249, F-25030 Besancon, France
[Pokrovsky, Oleg S.
Viers, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, UMR 5563, Geosci & Environm Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Pokrovsky, Oleg S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia
[Labolle, Francois] Univ Strasbourg, Inst Zool & Biol Gen, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
[Prokushkin, Anatoly S.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Bagard, M.L.; Schmitt, A.D.; Chabaux, F...; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Viers, J...; Stille, P...; Labolle, F...; Prokushkin, A.S.

[Text] / L. B. Larsen [et al.] // Geophys. Res. Lett. - 2008. - Vol. 35, Is. 4. - Ст. L04708, DOI 10.1029/2007GL032450. - Cited References: 36 . - 5. - ISSN 0094-8276РУБ Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: New and well-dated evidence of sulphate deposits in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores indicate a substantial and extensive atmospheric acidic dust veil at A. D. 533-534 +/- 2 years. This was likely produced by a large explosive, near equatorial volcanic eruption, causing widespread dimming and contributing to the abrupt cooling across much of the Northern Hemisphere known from historical records and tree-ring data to have occurred in A. D. 536. Tree-ring data suggest that this was the most severe and protracted short-term cold episode across the Northern Hemisphere in the last two millennia, even surpassing the severity of the cold period following the Tambora eruption in 1815.

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Держатели документа:
[Larsen, L. B.
Vinther, B. M.
Clausen, H. B.
Siggaard-Andersen, M. -L.
Hammer, C. U.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Ice & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
[Vinther, B. M.
Briffa, K. R.
Melvin, T. M.
Jones, P. D.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Climat Res Unit, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England
[Eronen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geol, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[Grudd, H.
Gunnarson, B. E.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[Hantemirov, R. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Ural Branch, Inst Plant & Anim Ecol, Lab Dendrochronol, Ekaterinburg 620144, Russia
[Naurzbaev, M. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Dendroecol Dept, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Nicolussi, K.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Geog, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

Доп.точки доступа:
Larsen, L.B.; Vinther, B.M.; Briffa, K.R.; Melvin, T.M.; Clausen, H.B.; Jones, P.D.; Siggaard-Andersen, M.L.; Hammer, C.U.; Eronen, M...; Grudd, H...; Gunnarson, B.E.; Hantemirov, R.M.; Naurzbaev, M.M.; Nicolussi, K...

[Text] / T. . Otnyukova // Environ. Pollut. - 2007. - Vol. 146: 5th Symposium of the International-Association-for-Lichenology (AUG 16-21, 2004, Tartu, ESTONIA), Is. 2. - P359-365, DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.043. - Cited References: 48 . - 7. - ISSN 0269-7491РУБ Environmental Sciences

Аннотация: Thallus morphology and element concentrations (S, Al, Fe, Sr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, F, and Cl) were compared in samples of the fruticose lichen genus Usnea at two heights of the Abies sibirica canopy in the East Sayan Mountains (Krasnoyarsk District, Russia) sampled from three stations at 15, 25 and 35 km from Krasnoyark. Usnea species with an abnormal morphology dominated on branches in the upper canopy, 15-22 m above ground level, and normal thalli on lower tree branches, 2-5 m above ground. Abnormal thalli at the tree-top level contained higher Al, Fe, Zn, F, Sr and Pb concentrations compared with normal thalli growing below, confirming a dust impact. No such clear trend was observed between sampling stations. Crown canopy architecture, surface microtopography and the balance between the processes of deposition and the movement and loss of particles play a major role in particle interception and in pollutant delivery to Usnea. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VK Sukachevs Inst Forest Res, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Otnyukova, T...

[Text] / A. . Khrimian [et al.] // J. Agric. Food Chem. - 2002. - Vol. 50, Is. 22. - P6366-6370, DOI 10.1021/jf020472s. - Cited References: 24 . - 5. - ISSN 0021-8561РУБ Agriculture, Multidisciplinary + Chemistry, Applied + Food Science & Technology

Аннотация: Efficient syntheses of (ZE)-5,7-dodecadienol, a pheromone component of the Siberian moth, Dendrolimus superans sibiricus, and (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienol, a pheromone component of various Lepidoptera pheromones, were accomplished by cis reduction of the corresponding enynols with activated zinc. The most energetic reagent was zinc galvanized with copper and silver (Zn/Cu/Ag) that achieved rapid and high-yield reduction in methanol-water. The stereoselectivity of semihydrogenation was greater than or equal to98%. A process whereby zinc dust was continuously activated throughout the reduction with an acid was also satisfactory (95-98% cis). Field evaluation of the 1:1 mixture of (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienol and (Z,E)-5,7-dodecadienal with the Siberian moth in Russia showed that the rubber septa pretreated with compound and stored at -80 degreesC were as effective as freshly treated septa. Moth responses to septa aged in open air indicated that lure effectiveness declined significantly after 2 weeks of aging. Thus, if rubber septa are used as pheromone dispensers in Siberian moth traps monitoring, they should be replaced biweekly with fresh septa for optimal trap effectiveness.

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Держатели документа:
USDA ARS, PSI, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA
Morgan State Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Dept Forest Zool, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
USDA, APHIS, Otis Methods Dev Ctr, Otis ANGB, MA 02542 USA
USDA ARS, BA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Khrimian, A...; Klun, J.A.; Hijji, Y...; Baranchikov, Y.N.; Pet'ko, V.M.; Mastro, V.C.; Kramer, M.H.

[Text] / O. N. Zubareva, L. N. Skripal'shchikova, V. D. Perevoznikova // Russ. J. Ecol. - 1999. - Vol. 30, Is. 5. - P308-312. - Cited References: 20 . - 5. - ISSN 1067-4136РУБ Ecology

Аннотация: Dust pollution of the components of birch phytocenoses growing in the impact zone of limestone quarries and a cement plant was assessed. Summer and winter levels of limestone and cement dust pollution in herbaceous birch forests were determined experimentally, and the pH of snowmelt and washes from the surface of plants was measured.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Zubareva, O.N.; Skripal'shchikova, L.N.; Perevoznikova, V.D.

[Text] / A. B. Lobanov, E. A. Pavlichenko // Cosmic Res. - 2003. - Vol. 41, Is. 6. - P567-573, DOI 10.1023/B:COSM.0000007956.97942.87. - Cited References: 19 . - 7. - ISSN 0010-9525РУБ Engineering, Aerospace + Astronomy & Astrophysics

Аннотация: The results of numerical modeling of dust plasma dynamics in the geomagnetic tail are presented for the southward and northward orientations of the interplanetary magnetic field in the model with reconnection of magnetic field lines of geomagnetic and interplanetary magnetic fields. It is shown that in reconnection regions the compression shock waves arise, at the fronts of which the dust plasma fluxes with higher-than-background density are generated.

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Держатели документа:
Krasnoyarsk State Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660062, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, Syberian Dept, Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660062, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Lobanov, A.B.; Pavlichenko, E.A.

[Text] / A. B. Lobanov, E. A. Pavlichenko // Cosmic Res. - 2003. - Vol. 41, Is. 2. - P147-152, DOI 10.1023/A:1023382930235. - Cited References: 15 . - 6. - ISSN 0010-9525РУБ Engineering, Aerospace + Astronomy & Astrophysics

Аннотация: Within the framework of the concept of steady-state flow of a flux of dust particles through the cusp channel of the Earth's magnetosphere, we develop the idea that the magnetic cusp is a generator of dust swarms in the near-Earth space. The analytical dependencies for the density (concentration) of dust particles in the cusp and near-Earth space region are obtained.

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Держатели документа:
Krasnoyarsk State Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forestry, Siberian Dept, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Lobanov, A.B.; Pavlichenko, E.A.

/ N. T. Spitsyna // Russian Journal of Ecology. - 1997. - Vol. 28, Is. 3. - P158-163 . - ISSN 1067-4136
Аннотация: Herbaceous birch forests, a typical forest community of the Kan forest-steppe, are exposed to various anthropogenic factors, including recreational and pascual impacts, as well as pollution with coal dust from a large open-cut mine. The possibility of using the method of principal components to estimate the state of herbaceous birch forests is discussed. The first three principal components, which comprised various forestry, taxation, and biometric characteristics, accounted for 78% of the total variance. An analysis of the behavior of these principal components revealed a trend toward deterioration of these birch forests, which especially suffer from human recreational activities and uncontrolled pasturage. В© 1997 MAHK Hayka/Interperiodica Publishing.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forestry, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Spitsyna, N.T.

/ A. B. Lobanov, E. A. Pavlichenko // Cosmic Research. - 1999. - Vol. 37, Is. 3. - С. 260 . - ISSN 0010-9525
Аннотация: The interaction of β-meteoroids with the Earth's magnetosphere is considered within the "dust plasma" ensemble framework. This interaction is shown to result in variations of the charge of micrometeoroids and in change of their dynamics. This leads to formation of a dust flux in the magnetoshock tail, directed towards the ionosphere, and dust fluxes directed towards the Earth apex (antiapex), with a density exceeding background.

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Держатели документа:
Krasnoyarsk State University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Institute of Forests, Siberian Dept. Russ. Acad. of Sci., Krasnoyarsk, 660062, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Lobanov, A.B.; Pavlichenko, E.A.

/ V. I. Kharuk, V. V. Yegorov // Remote Sensing of Environment. - 1990. - Vol. 33, Is. 1. - P35-40 . - ISSN 0034-4257
Аннотация: Application of polarization characteristics of reflected radiation to indicate the water stress of plants and extent of their pollution by industrial dust is studied. Experiments were carried out under field conditions. The objects measured were the leaves and shoots of woody and agricultural plants. The measurements were carried out at the wavelengths of 1.75 ?m and 2.2 ?m, at the Brewster angle. The fact that the degree of polarization of reflected light can serve to diagnose 5-10% water loss by the foliage is established; the effect is due to altered spatial orientation of the foliage in the crown owing to water stress. Pollution of foliage by industrial dust is accompanied by a decrease in the degree of polarization of the reflected radiation: the model experiments demonstrated the possibility of recording pollution not more than 0.03 ton / h. The effect is based on the difference between the values of degree of polarization of pollutants and the foliage. В© 1990.

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Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest and Wood, USSR Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch), Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, V.I.; Yegorov, V.V.

/ V. I. Kharuk, V. V. Egorov // Doklady Biological Sciences. - 1990. - Vol. 309, Is. 1-6. - P705-707 . - ISSN 0012-4966

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Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forests and Timber, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, V.I.; Egorov, V.V.

[Текст] / D. L. GRODNITSKY, P. P. MOROZOV // Zool. Zhurnal. - 1995. - Vol. 74, Is. 3. - С. 66-72. - Cited References: 16 . - 7. - ISSN 0044-5134РУБ Zoology

Аннотация: By means of dust flow visualization in glimmering flat laser beam, the air flow around the beetles which flew being tethered was studied. The vortex wake of a flying beetle was observed to be formed by mutually parallel separate vortex rings and thus does not differ significantly from aerodynamic wakes of other insects having different wing apparatus. The elytra of beetles unlike the forewings of functionally four-winged insects, operate in more steady flow and are in general way, functionally similar to wings of aircrafts.


Доп.точки доступа:
GRODNITSKY, D.L.; MOROZOV, P.P.

[Text] / D. L. GRODNITSKY, P. P. MOROZOV // J. Exp. Biol. - 1993. - Vol. 182. - P11-40. - Cited References: 59 . - 30. - ISSN 0022-0949РУБ Biology

Аннотация: Tethered flight of six insect species (two pentatomid bugs, a moth, a butterfly, a muscid fly and a crane fly) was studied using several modifications of a dust flow visualization procedure. The spatial structure of the near vortex wake of flying specimens was reconstructed on the basis of two-dimensional flow pictures. The dynamics of the wake was followed during a stroke cycle, revealing interspecific differences in vortex formation. It is suggested that insects create a single vortex ring during each stroke. Therefore, the hypothesis of double vortex chains advanced by Brodsky is not verified. The same is true of the jet hypothesis of Bocharova-Messner. While pronating at the top of their trajectory, the flapping wings throw air masses off their lower surfaces, but there is not a jet from between their upper sides. Flow separation from leading edges was found to be a rare phenomenon, taking place irregularly during the stroke cycle. That is why, contrary to widespread theoretical expectations, the Weis-Foch fling mechanism is not likely to contain a leading edge separation bubble, which must follow stalling at the front part of the wings. It is suggested that flying animals possess special mechanisms for extracting energy back from the near vortex wake. Some hypothetical adaptations for such an extraction in insects are put forward. Possible pathways for the evolution of insect flight are described.


Доп.точки доступа:
GRODNITSKY, D.L.; MOROZOV, P.P.

[Text] / D. L. GRODNITSKY, P. P. MOROZOV // J. Exp. Biol. - 1992. - Vol. 169. - P143-163. - Cited References: 41 . - 21. - ISSN 0022-0949РУБ Biology

Аннотация: Experiments on dust visualization of the flow around tethered flying green lacewings showed that, contrary to expectations based on the Weis-Fogh clap-and-fling mechanism, a leading edge separation bubble does not exist near either fore- or hindwings. At the beginning of the stroke cycle each wing operates as an independent generator of vorticity. The vortex bubbles of all the four wings then unite, producing a single U-shaped bubble. A hypothetical spatial structure for the vortex wake is derived from a series of registrated sections of the wake illuminated with a flat light beam. Some problems of wing functional morphology and insect flight aerodynamics are also discussed.


Доп.точки доступа:
GRODNITSKY, D.L.; MOROZOV, P.P.

[Текст] / V. I. KHARUK, V. V. EGOROV // DOKLADY AKADEMII NAUK SSSR. - 1989. - Vol. 309, Is. 5. - С. 1269-1272. - Cited References: 13 . - 4. - ISSN 0002-3264РУБ Multidisciplinary Sciences


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Доп.точки доступа:
KHARUK, V.I.; EGOROV, V.V.

/ A. A. Onuchin [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2014. - Vol. 7, Is. 6. - P714-722, DOI 10.1134/S1995425514060080 . - ISSN 1995-4255
Аннотация: The content of pollutants in snow samples and their composition have been determined. The quantitative indicators of the content of nickel, copper, and other heavy metals and sulfur are used to assess the nature of spatial pollution of snow cover in the impact zone of enterprises in the Norilsk Industrial Area (NIA). A map of distribution of heavy metals and sulfur in the region is compiled. It is established that the largest part of pollutants entering the atmosphere in the form of dust was deposited on the underlying surface near sources of industrial emissions (up to 7 km from them). The pollutants entering the atmosphere in the form aerosols and gases are transported over considerable distances. A greater concentration of water-soluble forms of sulfur when compared with the background are marked at a distance of more than 400 km. Calculations show that only 2% of all sulfur emissions are deposited within a radius of 250 km and the remaining portion of sulfur is incorporated into the global geochemical cycles.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/28Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A.A.; Burenina, T.A.; Zubareva, O.N.; Trefilova, O.V.; Danilova, I.V.

/ M. M. Muller [et al.] // For. Pathol. - 2015. - Vol. 45, Is. 6. - P515-524, DOI 10.1111/efp.12203 . - ISSN 1437-4781
Аннотация: Trees are known to have adapted to local climatic conditions, but the adaptation of their pathogenic associates is poorly understood. Heterobasidion parviporum causes root and butt rot in spruce. In this work, the respiration of H. parviporum subpopulations from climatically diverse environments was examined at various temperatures. Isolates were obtained from three areas in Europe (southern Finland, Denmark and northern Italy) and from two locations in Central Siberia (Krasnoyarsk and Irkutsk). Respiration rates were measured in gas tight vials at eight temperatures from 0 to 33°C, using spruce saw dust as the sole substrate. Strains from Siberian locations with cold winters had higher activity at low temperatures (2-15°C) than strains from European locations with mild winters. Respiration rates of Siberian subpopulations increased more than those of European strains when the temperature rose from 0 to 6°C, but the increase was greater with the European subpopulations when the temperature increased further from 6 to 20°C. Only small differences were found among European as well as Siberian subpopulations. Variation in respiration rates between subpopulations was low compared to variation within subpopulations. Using strains isolated 2-18 years ago and thereafter stored at 5°C, we found lower respiration rates at 20°C in older isolates, independent of geographical origin, suggesting phenotypic plasticity of H. parviporum in regard to responses to temperature. Based on these findings, we propose that subpopulations of H. parviporum have the potential to adapt to global warming. © 2015 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

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Держатели документа:
Natural Resources Institute Finland, Box 18, Vantaa, Finland
Division of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Sustainable Agro-ecosystems and Bioresources, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
MOUNTFOR Project Centre, European Forest Institute, Trento, Italy
V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Muller, M. M.; Hamberg, L.; Kuuskeri, J.; Laporta, N.; Pavlov, I.; Korhonen, K.

/ P. Groisman [et al.] // Environ. Res. Lett. - 2018. - Vol. 13, Is. 11. - Ст. 115008, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/aae43c. - Cited References:92. - PG and GH were supported in part by NASA grant NNX15AP81G. NT acknowledges the Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant 16-05-00496. OZ, AD, and PG were partially supported through 'ARCTIC-ERA: ARCTIC climate change and its impact on environment, infrastructures, and resource availability' sponsored by ANR (France), RFBR (Russia), and US NSF (grants 1717770 and 1558389). YC was supported by National Youth Science Fund of China grant 41701227 and by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions in China. The work of AS was partially supported by US NSF grant 1602879 and Russian RFFI grant 18-05-60240. Grant 14.B25.31.0026 of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation provided support to PG, NT, AS, OB, and OZ for their work conducted at the P P Shirshov Institute of Oceanology. Support for the work of IY and IK was provided by grant AP05135848 of the Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. JC and RJ were supported by the Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems (CNH) Program of the NSF (grant 1313761) and the LCLUC program of NASA (grant NNX14AD85G). Grant 1717770 by the US National Science Foundation to George Washington University provided support to PG for his work at the Hydrology Science and Services Corporation via Sub-Recipient Agreement Number 17-S03R. The synthesis workshop (Ulaanbaatar, 2-5 June 2017) was partially sponsored by the 'Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems' program of the NSF (grant 1313761) and the LCLUC program of NASA (grant NNX15AD10G). . - ISSN 1748-9326РУБ Environmental Sciences + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: The dryland belt (DLB) in Northern Eurasia is the largest contiguous dryland on Earth. During the last century, changes here have included land use change (e.g. expansion of croplands and cities), resource extraction (e.g. coal, ores, oil, and gas), rapid institutional shifts (e.g. collapse of the Soviet Union), climatic changes, and natural disturbances (e.g. wildfires, floods, and dust storms). These factors intertwine, overlap, and sometimes mitigate, but can sometimes feedback upon each other to exacerbate their synergistic and cumulative effects. Thus, it is important to properly document each of these external and internal factors and to characterize the structural relationships among them in order to develop better approaches to alleviating negative consequences of these regional environmental changes. This paper addresses the climatic changes observed over the DLB in recent decades and outlines possible links of these changes (both impacts and feedback) with other external and internal factors of contemporary regional environmental changes and human activities within the DLB.

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Держатели документа:
North Carolina State Univ, NOAA, Ctr Environm Informat, Asheville, NC 28804 USA.
RAS, PP Shirshov Inst Oceanol, Moscow, Russia.
Hydrol Sci & Serv Corp, Asheville, NC 28801 USA.
Russian Inst Hydrometeorol Informat, Obninsk, Kaluga Area, Russia.
Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
State Hydrol Inst, St Petersburg, Russia.
Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Biol & Environm, Joint Innovat Ctr Modern Forestry Studies, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.
SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk Fed Res Ctr, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Joseph Fourier Univ, Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, Grenoble, France.
Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
Univ Sopron, Sopron, Hungary.
Minist Energy Republ Kazakhstan, Joint Stock Co Zhasyl Damu, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan.
Natl Ctr Space Res & Technol, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan.

Доп.точки доступа:
Groisman, Pavel; Bulygina, Olga; Henebry, Geoffrey; Speranskaya, Nina; Shiklomanov, Alexander; Chen, Yizhao; Tchebakova, Nadezhda; Parfenova, Elena; Tilinina, Natalia; Zolina, Olga; Dufour, Ambroise; Chen, Jiquan; John, Ranjeet; Fan, Peilei; Mayas, Csaba; Yesserkepova, Irina; Kaipov, Ildan; NASA [NNX15AP81G]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research grant [16-05-00496]; 'ARCTIC-ERA: ARCTIC climate change and its impact on environment, infrastructures, and resource availability' - ANR (France); RFBR (Russia); US NSF [1602879, 1717770, 1558389]; National Youth Science Fund of China [41701227]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions in China; Russian RFFI [18-05-60240]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation [14.B25.31.0026]; Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan [AP05135848]; Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems (CNH) Program of the NSF [1313761]; LCLUC program of NASA [NNX15AD10G, NNX14AD85G]; US National Science Foundation [1717770, 17-S03R]; 'Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems' program of the NSF [1313761]

[Текст] / О. Н. Зубарева, Д. А. Прысов, О. С. Буланова // Сибирский лесной журнал. - 2021. - № 6. - С. 46-58, DOI 10.15372/SJFS20210605 . - ISSN 2311-1410

ГРНТИ

06.61.53

Аннотация: Городская среда со всем комплексом негативных факторов оказывает мощное стрессирующее воздействие на все компоненты биоты. Зеленые растения, являющиеся естественными «зелеными фильтрами воздуха», одни из первых откликаются на изменения условий произрастания. Это отражается в первую очередь на состоянии их кроны, в том числе степени изреженности, облиствленности (охвоенности), повреждении листовых пластинок и т. д. В статье приведены данные инвентаризаций зеленых насаждений Центрального парка, выполненных в 1999 и 2020 гг., проанализирован видовой состав насаждений парка. Выявлено, что на его территории произрастают 33 вида древесных и кустарниковых растений, из них хвойные породы представлены 7 видами, ассортимент лиственных пород включает 26 видов. Определено жизненное состояние насаждений парка по характеристике кроны. Большинство деревьев в парке относится к категории ослабленных и сильно ослабленных. Среди лиственных деревьев наиболее ослаблены клен ясенелистный ( Acer negundo L.), тополь бальзамический ( Populus balsamifera L.), осина ( Populus tremula L.) и вяз мелколистный ( Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.). В 2020 г., по сравнению с 1999 г., состояние насаждений парка улучшилось за счет проведения санитарных мероприятий и посадки молодых деревьев. Установлено, что на листьях деревьев, растущих в парке, за летний период оседает пыли в 8.6 - 9.8 раза больше, чем в фоновом насаждении. В 2020 г. отмечен меньший уровень поступления пыли на листовую поверхность (в 1.6 - 3.4 раза) по сравнению с 1999 г. На пылефильтрующую способность деревьев значительно влияют метеорологические условия территории. По полученным результатам сформулированы предложения по реконструкции насаждений парка
Urban environment contains a broad variety of factors and this is where all living organisms are exposed to heavy stresses. Green plant serve as a natural «air filters» and are among the first to respond to negative changes of growth conditions. Crowns are the tree parts first to respond to negative changes of growth conditions by growing thinner, partially defoliated, and leaves' (needles') becoming heavily damaged. We presented the 1999 and 2020 inventories of the woody species of Central Park. Our analysis of the inventory results for species composition revealed thirty three species of trees and shrubs, seven conifer and twenty six deciduous. Judging by the condition of the crowns, the health of the majority of the park trees was poor to very poor. Among deciduous, ash-leaved maple Acer negundo L., balsam poplar Populus balsamifera L., aspen Populus tremula L. and Chinese elm Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. exhibited the poorest health. Tree health has improved, as compared to 1999, due to appropriate treatments and planting of young individuals. We also studied species compositions of invertebrate woody plant feeders and pathogenic fungi. We found that the amount of dust accumulated on the leaves of the trees in the park for a short rainless period was 8.6 to 9.8 times that of a background stand. In 2020, dust precipitated on leaves was 1.6 - 3.4 times less than in 1999. Dust accumulating capability of trees is much dependent on weather conditions. We used the results obtained to word our suggestions for improving the green spaces of the park

РИНЦ

Держатели документа:
ИЛ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр. 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Прысов, Дмитрий Александрович; Prysov, Dmitry Alexandrovich; Буланова, Оксана Сергеевна; Zubareva, Ol'ga Nikolayevna

[Текст] / В. В. Стасова, Л. Н. Скрипальщикова, Н. В. Астраханцева, А. П. Барченков // Лесной журнал. - 2023. - № 3. - С. 35-47, DOI 10.37482/0536-1036-2023-3-35-47 . - ISSN 0536-1036

ГРНТИ

68.47.03

Аннотация: Изучено содержание фотосинтетических пигментов в листьях березы повислой (Betula pendula Roth.) в условиях техногенных нагрузок и в фоновых условиях. Исследования проводили в березняках разнотравного типа леса в пригородной зоне г. Красноярска. Древостои, испытывающие техногенные нагрузки, расположены к востоку от города по направлению основного переноса воздушных масс, фоновые - в северном и западном направлениях от города, техногенная нагрузка на эти древостои минимальна. Содержание фотосинтетических пигментов определяли в этанольных экстрактах, расчет проводили на 1 г абсолютно сухой массы листьев. Аккумуляцию пыли листовой поверхностью оценивали по методике Ж. Детри (1973). В промытых листьях определяли содержание ионов цинка, свинца, алюминия и фтора. Показано, что содержание хлорофилла а в листьях берез из условно чистых мест произрастания несколько ниже, чем в листьях из древостоев, подвергающихся техногенным нагрузкам. Содержание хлорофилла b в листьях берез из разных мест произрастания оказалось в 2,5-3 раза ниже, чем хлорофилла а, и сопоставимо с содержанием каротиноидов. Общее содержание хлорофиллов колебалось от 5,4 до 7,3 мг/г абсолютно сухой массы, соотношение форм хлорофиллов - от 2,5 до 3, отношение суммы содержания хлорофиллов к суммарному содержанию каротиноидов - от 3,4 до 3,8. При увеличении пылевой нагрузки росло содержание всех фотосинтетических пигментов. Накопление ионов цинка в клетках листа березы отрицательно сказывалось на содержании пигментов, особенно хлорофилла а, но с соотношением пигментов не коррелировало. Значимой корреляции содержания свинца и фотосинтетических пигментов не установлено. При увеличении концентрации алюминия в листьях количество хлорофиллов и каротиноидов достоверно возрастало, связи уровня алюминия с соотношением пигментов не обнаружено. Между содержанием фтора в листовой массе и количеством разных форм хлорофилла достоверных корреляций не найдено. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют об адаптивной реакции фотосинтетического аппарата на присутствие поллютантов в концентрациях ниже пороговых значений
The content of photosynthetic pigments in silver birch leaves (Betula pendula Roth.) is studied in areas with technogenic load and in baseline conditions. The research is performed in a forb type of birch forest in the suburbs of Krasnoyarsk. The wood stands exposed to a high level of technogenic pressure are located to the east of the city in the prevailing direction of air mass movement. The reference stands are under the least technogenic pollution and grow in western and northern areas of the city. The photosynthetic pigments are determined in ethanol extracts, calculated per 1 g of absolute dry mass (a.d.m.) of the leaves. A level of dust deposition on leaf surfaces is evaluated according to the method of J. Detrie (1973). The amounts of zinc, lead, aluminum, and fluorine ions are estimated in the washed leaves. It is found that the content of chlorophyll a inside the birch leaves from a relatively clean environment is slightly lower compared to the concentration in the leaves with the technogenic load. The chlorophyll b concentration is 2.5-3 times less than chlorophyll a and is close to the amount of carotenoids. The total chlorophyll content in birch leaves from different locations ranges from 5.4 to 7.3 mg/g a.d.m., the ratio of chlorophyll forms varies from 2.5 to 3, the proportion of net chlorophyll to carotenoids is between 3.4 and 3.8. As the level of dust increases, the content of the total photosynthetic pigments also rises. The accumulation of zinc ions in the birch leaf cells has a negative effect on pigment content, especially chlorophyll a, but doesn’t correlate with the ratio of the pigments. There has not been any correlation found between the lead and the photosynthetic pigments. It is noted that the rise in the concentration of aluminum significantly affects the contents of the chlorophylls and the carotenoids, while no relationship has been discovered between the concentration of aluminum and the proportion of the pigments. The relationship between fluorine and different forms of chlorophyll is absent as well. The results indicate the adaptive response of the photosynthetic system to the presence of pollutants in concentrations below the threshold values that are indicated in the literature

РИНЦ

Держатели документа:
ИЛ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр. 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Скрипальщикова, Лариса Николаевна; Skripalshchikova, Larisa Nikolayevna; Астраханцева, Наталья Владимировна; Astrakhantseva Natal'ya Vladimirovna; Барченков, Алексей Павлович; Barchenkov Alexey Pavlovich; Stasova, Victoriya Victorovna