/ N.M. Tchebakova et al, O. Shibistova // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 537-551
Аннотация: Long-term eddy covariance measurements of energy and water fluxes and associated climatic parameters were carried out above a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest in the middle taiga zone of Central Siberia. Data from June 1998 through October 2000 are presented. With the exception of winter 1998/1999, data collection over this period were more or less continuous. A distinct seasonality in surface energy exchange characteristics was observed in all years. In early spring in the absence of physiological activity by the vegetation, about 80% of the net radiation was partitioned for sensible heat, resulting in Bowen ratios, beta, as high as 8. In the 1-2 wk period associated with onset of photosynthesis in spring, evaporation rates increased rapidly and beta rapidly dropped. However, even during summer months, sensible heat fluxes typically exceeded latent heat fluxes and beta remained above 2.0. Observed daily evaporation rates varied between 0.5-1.0 mm d(-1) in spring and autumn and 1.5-2 mm d(-1) in midsummer. The overall average for the three growing seasons examined was 1.25 mm d(-1). Precipitation was on average 230 mm for the growing period, with evaporation over the same time being about 190 mm for both 1999 and 2000. This represented only about 35% of the equilibrium evaporation rate. There was typically a positive hydrological balance of 40 mm for the growing season as a whole. However, in all three years examined, evaporation exceeded precipitation totals by 20-40 mm in at least one calendar month during summer. During the growing season, daily averaged surface conductances varied between 0.15 and 0.20 mol m(-2) s(-1) (3-4.5 mm s(-1)) in dry or cool months and 0.30-0.35 mol m(-2) s(-1) (6.5-8 mm s(-1)) in moist and warm months. Despite a negative hydrological balance during midsummer, there was little evidence for reduced canopy conductances in response to soil water deficits. This may have been the consequence of roots accessing water from within or just above a perched water table, located at about 2 m depth.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest
Доп.точки доступа:
Tchebakova, Nadezhda Mikhailovna; Чебакова, Надежда Михайловна; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна
Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН
w10=
Найдено документов в текущей БД: 36
Interannual and seasonal variations of energy and water vapour fluxes above a Pinus sylvestris forest in the Siberian middle taiga
Seasonal and annual variations in the photosynthetic productivity and carbon balance of a central Siberian pine forest
/ J. Lloyd, O. Shibistova et al // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 590-610
Аннотация: We present a first analysis of data (June 1998 to December 2000) from the long-term eddy covariance site established in a Pinus sylvestris stand near Zotino in central Siberia as part of the EUROSIBERIAN CARBONFLUX project. As well as examining seasonal patterns in netecosystem exchange (N-E), daily, seasonal and annual estimates of the canopy photosynthesis (or gross primary productivity, G(P)) were obtained using N-E and ecosystem respiration measurements. Although the forest was a small (but significant) source of CO2 throughout the snow season (typically mid-October to early May) there was a rapid commencement of photosynthetic capacity shortly following the commencement of above-zero air temperatures in spring: in 1999 the forest went from a quiescent state to significant photosynthetic activity in only a few days. Nevertheless, canopy photosynthetic capacity was observed to continue to increase slowly throughout the summer months for both 1999 and 2000, reaching a maximum capacity in early August. During September there was a marked decline in canopy photosynthesis which was only partially attributable to less favourable environmental conditions. This suggests a reduction in canopy photosynthetic capacity in autumn, perhaps associated with the cold hardening process. For individual time periods the canopy. photosynthetic rate was mostly dependent upon incoming photon irradiance. However, reductions in both canopy conductance and overall photosynthetic rate in response to high canopy-to-air vapour differences were clearly evident on hot dry days. The relationship between canopy conductance and photosynthesis was examined using Cowan's notion of optimality in which stomata serve to maximise the marginal evaporative cost of plant carbon gain. The associated Lagrangian multiplier (lambda) was surprisingly constant throughout the growing season. Somewhat remarkably, however, its value was markedly different between years, being 416 mol mol(-1) in 1999 but 815 mol mol(-1) in 2000. Overall the forest was a substantial sink for CO2 in both 1999 and 2000: around 13 Mol C m(-2) a(-1). Data from this experiment, when combined with estimates of net primary productivity from biomass sampling suggest that about 20% of this sink was associated with increasing plant biomass and about 80% with an increase in the litter and soil organic carbon pools. This high implied rate of carbon accumulation in the litter soil organic matter pool seems unsustainable in the long term and is hard to explain on the basis of current knowledge.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 66003, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Lloyd, J.; Лойд Дж.; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна
Аннотация: We present a first analysis of data (June 1998 to December 2000) from the long-term eddy covariance site established in a Pinus sylvestris stand near Zotino in central Siberia as part of the EUROSIBERIAN CARBONFLUX project. As well as examining seasonal patterns in netecosystem exchange (N-E), daily, seasonal and annual estimates of the canopy photosynthesis (or gross primary productivity, G(P)) were obtained using N-E and ecosystem respiration measurements. Although the forest was a small (but significant) source of CO2 throughout the snow season (typically mid-October to early May) there was a rapid commencement of photosynthetic capacity shortly following the commencement of above-zero air temperatures in spring: in 1999 the forest went from a quiescent state to significant photosynthetic activity in only a few days. Nevertheless, canopy photosynthetic capacity was observed to continue to increase slowly throughout the summer months for both 1999 and 2000, reaching a maximum capacity in early August. During September there was a marked decline in canopy photosynthesis which was only partially attributable to less favourable environmental conditions. This suggests a reduction in canopy photosynthetic capacity in autumn, perhaps associated with the cold hardening process. For individual time periods the canopy. photosynthetic rate was mostly dependent upon incoming photon irradiance. However, reductions in both canopy conductance and overall photosynthetic rate in response to high canopy-to-air vapour differences were clearly evident on hot dry days. The relationship between canopy conductance and photosynthesis was examined using Cowan's notion of optimality in which stomata serve to maximise the marginal evaporative cost of plant carbon gain. The associated Lagrangian multiplier (lambda) was surprisingly constant throughout the growing season. Somewhat remarkably, however, its value was markedly different between years, being 416 mol mol(-1) in 1999 but 815 mol mol(-1) in 2000. Overall the forest was a substantial sink for CO2 in both 1999 and 2000: around 13 Mol C m(-2) a(-1). Data from this experiment, when combined with estimates of net primary productivity from biomass sampling suggest that about 20% of this sink was associated with increasing plant biomass and about 80% with an increase in the litter and soil organic carbon pools. This high implied rate of carbon accumulation in the litter soil organic matter pool seems unsustainable in the long term and is hard to explain on the basis of current knowledge.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 66003, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Lloyd, J.; Лойд Дж.; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна
A trace-gas climatology above Zotino, central Siberia
/ J. Lloyd, N. Tchebakova, O. Shibistova // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 749-767
Аннотация: Using light aircraft and at intervals of approximately 14 days, vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration and C-13/C-12 and O-18/O-16 ratio, as well as concentrations of CH4, CO, H-2 and N2O, from about 80 to 3000 m above ground level have been determined for the atmosphere above a flux measurement tower located near the village of Zotino in central Siberia (60degrees45'N, 89degrees23'E). As well as being determined from flask measurements (typically at heights of 100, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 m) continuous CO2 concentration profiles at 1 Hz have also been obtained using an infrared gas analyser. This measurement program is ongoing and has been in existence since July 1998. Data to November 2000 are presented and show a seasonal cycle for CO2 concentration of about 25 mumol mol(-1) within the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and about 15 mumol mol(-1) in the free troposphere. Marked seasonal cycles in the isotopic compositions Of CO2 are also observed, with that of oxygen-18 in CO2 being unusual: always being depleted in the ABL with respect to the free troposphere above. This is irrespective of whether the CO2 concentration is higher or lower in the free troposphere. We interpret this as indicating a net negative discrimination being associated with the net terrestrial carbon exchange, irrespective of whether photosynthesis or respiration dominates the net carbon flux in this region. During winter flights, large fluctuations in CO2 concentration with height are often observed both within and above the stable ABL. Usually (but not always) these variations in CO2 concentrations are associated with more or less stoichiometrically constant variations in CO and CH4 concentrations. We interpret this as reflecting the frequent transport of polluted air from Europe with very little vertical mixing having occurred, despite the large horizontal distances traversed. This notion is supported by back-trajectory analyses. Vertical profiles Of CO2 concentration with supplementary flask measurements allow more information on the structure and composition of an air mass to be obtained than is the case for flask measurements or for ground-based measurements only. In particular, our data question the notion that there is usually anything like "well mixed background air" in the mid-to-high northern latitudes during the winter months.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Lloyd, J.; Лойд Дж.; Tchebakova, Nadezhda Mikhailovna; Чебакова, Надежда Михайловна; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна
Аннотация: Using light aircraft and at intervals of approximately 14 days, vertical profiles of temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration and C-13/C-12 and O-18/O-16 ratio, as well as concentrations of CH4, CO, H-2 and N2O, from about 80 to 3000 m above ground level have been determined for the atmosphere above a flux measurement tower located near the village of Zotino in central Siberia (60degrees45'N, 89degrees23'E). As well as being determined from flask measurements (typically at heights of 100, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 m) continuous CO2 concentration profiles at 1 Hz have also been obtained using an infrared gas analyser. This measurement program is ongoing and has been in existence since July 1998. Data to November 2000 are presented and show a seasonal cycle for CO2 concentration of about 25 mumol mol(-1) within the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and about 15 mumol mol(-1) in the free troposphere. Marked seasonal cycles in the isotopic compositions Of CO2 are also observed, with that of oxygen-18 in CO2 being unusual: always being depleted in the ABL with respect to the free troposphere above. This is irrespective of whether the CO2 concentration is higher or lower in the free troposphere. We interpret this as indicating a net negative discrimination being associated with the net terrestrial carbon exchange, irrespective of whether photosynthesis or respiration dominates the net carbon flux in this region. During winter flights, large fluctuations in CO2 concentration with height are often observed both within and above the stable ABL. Usually (but not always) these variations in CO2 concentrations are associated with more or less stoichiometrically constant variations in CO and CH4 concentrations. We interpret this as reflecting the frequent transport of polluted air from Europe with very little vertical mixing having occurred, despite the large horizontal distances traversed. This notion is supported by back-trajectory analyses. Vertical profiles Of CO2 concentration with supplementary flask measurements allow more information on the structure and composition of an air mass to be obtained than is the case for flask measurements or for ground-based measurements only. In particular, our data question the notion that there is usually anything like "well mixed background air" in the mid-to-high northern latitudes during the winter months.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Lloyd, J.; Лойд Дж.; Tchebakova, Nadezhda Mikhailovna; Чебакова, Надежда Михайловна; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна
Estimates of regional surface carbon dioxide exchange and carbon and oxygen isotope discrimination during photosynthesis from concentration profiles in the atmospheric boundary layer
/ J.M. Styles et al, N. Tchebakova // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 768-783
Аннотация: The integrating properties of the atmospheric boundary layer allow the influence of surface exchange processes on the atmosphere to be quantified and estimates of large-scale fluxes of trace gases and plant isotopic discrimination to be made. Five flights were undertaken over two days in and above the convective boundary layer (CBL) in a vegetated region in central Siberia. Vertical profiles Of CO2 and H2O concentrations, temperature and pressure were obtained during each flight. Air flask samples were taken at various heights for carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis Of CO2. Two CBL budget methods were compared to estimate regional surface fluxes Of CO2 and plant isotopic discrimination against (CO2)-C-13 and (COO)-O-18-O-16. Flux estimates were compared to ground-based eddy covariance measurements. The fluxes obtained for CO2 using the first method agreed to within 10% of fluxes measured in the forest at the study site by eddy covariance. Those obtained from the second method agreed to within 35% when a correction was applied for air loss out of the integrating column and for subsidence. The values for C-13 discrimination were within the range expected from knowledge Of C-3 plant discriminations during photosynthesis, while the inferred O-18 discrimination varied considerably over the two-day period. This variation may in part be explained by the enrichment of chloroplast water during the day due to evaporation from an initial signature in the morning close to source water. Additional potential complications arising from the heterogeneous nature of the landscape are discussed.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Styles et al, J.M.; Стайлес Дж.М.; Tchebakova, Nadezhda Mikhailovna; Чебакова, Надежда Михайловна
Аннотация: The integrating properties of the atmospheric boundary layer allow the influence of surface exchange processes on the atmosphere to be quantified and estimates of large-scale fluxes of trace gases and plant isotopic discrimination to be made. Five flights were undertaken over two days in and above the convective boundary layer (CBL) in a vegetated region in central Siberia. Vertical profiles Of CO2 and H2O concentrations, temperature and pressure were obtained during each flight. Air flask samples were taken at various heights for carbon and oxygen isotopic analysis Of CO2. Two CBL budget methods were compared to estimate regional surface fluxes Of CO2 and plant isotopic discrimination against (CO2)-C-13 and (COO)-O-18-O-16. Flux estimates were compared to ground-based eddy covariance measurements. The fluxes obtained for CO2 using the first method agreed to within 10% of fluxes measured in the forest at the study site by eddy covariance. Those obtained from the second method agreed to within 35% when a correction was applied for air loss out of the integrating column and for subsidence. The values for C-13 discrimination were within the range expected from knowledge Of C-3 plant discriminations during photosynthesis, while the inferred O-18 discrimination varied considerably over the two-day period. This variation may in part be explained by the enrichment of chloroplast water during the day due to evaporation from an initial signature in the morning close to source water. Additional potential complications arising from the heterogeneous nature of the landscape are discussed.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Styles et al, J.M.; Стайлес Дж.М.; Tchebakova, Nadezhda Mikhailovna; Чебакова, Надежда Михайловна
Aspen bark photosynthesis and its significance to remote sensing and carbon budget estimates in the boreal ecosystem
: материалы временных коллективов / V. I. Kharuk // Water, air & soil pollution. - 1995. - Vol. 82, № 1-2. - С. 483-497. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Our findings have shown that the spectral characteristics of aspen bark differ considerably from the "grey body" representations typically utilised in radiative transfer models. Also, since the bark and leaf canopy fractions have different C assimilation capacities, the partitioning of canopy Chl into leaf and bark strata should improve C assimilation estimates. Remote sensing technology must be relied upon, especially in vast and largely in accessible regions such as the boreal biome, for landscape- and regional-scale studies of C budgets. In these studies, estimates of forest productivity and C exchange currently rely on spectral indices obtained from remote satellite/aircraft sensors; these spectral ratios are used to indirectly estimate C assimilation through correlation with chlorophyll and photosynthetic capacity.
Полный текст,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036 Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, Vyacheslav Ivanovich; Харук Вячеслав Иванович
Имеются экземпляры в отделах:
Арх (04.05.2007г. (1 экз.) - Б.ц.) - свободны 1
Аннотация: Our findings have shown that the spectral characteristics of aspen bark differ considerably from the "grey body" representations typically utilised in radiative transfer models. Also, since the bark and leaf canopy fractions have different C assimilation capacities, the partitioning of canopy Chl into leaf and bark strata should improve C assimilation estimates. Remote sensing technology must be relied upon, especially in vast and largely in accessible regions such as the boreal biome, for landscape- and regional-scale studies of C budgets. In these studies, estimates of forest productivity and C exchange currently rely on spectral indices obtained from remote satellite/aircraft sensors; these spectral ratios are used to indirectly estimate C assimilation through correlation with chlorophyll and photosynthetic capacity.
Полный текст,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036 Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, Vyacheslav Ivanovich; Харук Вячеслав Иванович
Имеются экземпляры в отделах:
Арх (04.05.2007г. (1 экз.) - Б.ц.) - свободны 1
Modeling of CO2 fluxes between boreal forest and atmosphere
: материалы временных коллективов / I. N. Bezkorovaynaya // Boreal forests in a changing world: challenges and needs for action: Proceedings of the International conference August 15-21 2011, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. - Krasnoyarsk : V.N. Sukachev Institute of forest SB RAS, 2011. - С. 305-307. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Estimating terrestrial ecosystem CO2 fluxes is very important for our understanding of the global carbon cycle. This paper presents a zero-dimensional mathematical model of the ecosystem of Siberian boreal forests. It was used for comparison tall-tower-based CO2 fluxes with biometric field measurements. The model is a system of ordinary differential equations with additional conditions superimposed on the parameters. The main occurring proceses.are described - photosynthesis, respiration, seasonal changes of active phytomass, water balance of trees, the influence of light, humidity, and temperature of phytosynthesis and respiration.
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Barkhatov, Y.V.; Бархатов Й.В.; Timokhina, Anastasiya Vladimirovna; Panov, Alexey Vasil'yevich; Панов, Алексей Васильевич; Vedrova, Estella Fedorovna; Ведрова, Эстелла Федоровна; Trefilova, Ol'ga Vladimirovna; Трефилова, Ольга Владимировна
Аннотация: Estimating terrestrial ecosystem CO2 fluxes is very important for our understanding of the global carbon cycle. This paper presents a zero-dimensional mathematical model of the ecosystem of Siberian boreal forests. It was used for comparison tall-tower-based CO2 fluxes with biometric field measurements. The model is a system of ordinary differential equations with additional conditions superimposed on the parameters. The main occurring proceses.are described - photosynthesis, respiration, seasonal changes of active phytomass, water balance of trees, the influence of light, humidity, and temperature of phytosynthesis and respiration.
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Barkhatov, Y.V.; Бархатов Й.В.; Timokhina, Anastasiya Vladimirovna; Panov, Alexey Vasil'yevich; Панов, Алексей Васильевич; Vedrova, Estella Fedorovna; Ведрова, Эстелла Федоровна; Trefilova, Ol'ga Vladimirovna; Трефилова, Ольга Владимировна
Modelling of seasonal dynamics and annual photosynthesis in conifers and its relation with radial growth
: материалы временных коллективов / A. V. Benkova // Workshop on climate change, the tree growth response, and reconstruction of climate 25-29 January 2006, V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. - Krasnoyarsk : V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS, 2006. - С. 32
Аннотация: At high latitudes, where temperature determines the growth process, the calculated dynamics of productivity adequately describe real dynamics of certain conifer growth. In time periods, when the link between productivity and radiall growth decreases, water regime of a tree plays an increasingly important role.
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Бенькова, Анна Викторовна
Аннотация: At high latitudes, where temperature determines the growth process, the calculated dynamics of productivity adequately describe real dynamics of certain conifer growth. In time periods, when the link between productivity and radiall growth decreases, water regime of a tree plays an increasingly important role.
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Бенькова, Анна Викторовна
Vertical and horizontal variation of carbon pools and fluxes in soil profile of wet southern taiga in European Russia
[Text] / H. . Santruckova [et al.] // Boreal Environ. Res. - 2010. - Vol. 15, Is. 3. - P357-369. - Cited References: 34. - The authors thank for support all persons kindly contributing this research, Keith Edwards for language correction, unknown reviewers for valuable comments and for financial support of EU project TCOS Siberia and project of MSM 600 766 5801.
. - 13. - ISSN 1239-6095
РУБ Environmental Sciences
Аннотация: Vertical and horizontal distributions of soil organic carbon, potential microbial activity and basic soil properties were studied in a boreal mixed forest (Central Forest Reserve, TVER region) to elucidate whether the soil CO(2)-efflux is related to basic soil properties that affect the C pool and activity. Soil cores (0-100 cm depth) were taken from two transects every 50 meters (44 points) immediately after completion of soil CO(2)-efflux measurements. Soil was separated into layers and moisture, bulk density, root density and bacterial counts were determined within one day after soil was taken. Microbial respiration, biomass, CN contents and pH were measured within few months. The variability in the soil CO(2)-efflux and microbial activity was mainly explained by soil bulk density. Results further indicate that laboratory measurements of microbial respiration can represent heterotrophic soil respiration of a distinctive ecosystem in natural conditions, if microbial respiration is measured after the effect of soil handling disappears.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Santruckova, Hana
Kastovska, Eva
Liveckova, Miluse] Univ S Bohemia, Fac Sci, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
[Kozlov, Daniil] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Dept Geog, Moscow 119992, Russia
[Kurbatova, Julya
Tatarinov, Fedor] RAS, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia
[Shibistova, Olga] VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Lloyd, Jon] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Earth & Biosphere Inst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England
Доп.точки доступа:
Santruckova, H...; Kastovska, E...; Kozlov, D...; Kurbatova, J...; Liveckova, M...; Shibistova, O...; Tatarinov, F...; Lloyd, J...
Рубрики:
SPATIAL VARIABILITY
MICROBIAL NUMBERS
FOREST SOILS
CO2 EFFLUX
RESPIRATION
SPRUCE
STAND
ROOT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
DECOMPOSITION
SPATIAL VARIABILITY
MICROBIAL NUMBERS
FOREST SOILS
CO2 EFFLUX
RESPIRATION
SPRUCE
STAND
ROOT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
DECOMPOSITION
Аннотация: Vertical and horizontal distributions of soil organic carbon, potential microbial activity and basic soil properties were studied in a boreal mixed forest (Central Forest Reserve, TVER region) to elucidate whether the soil CO(2)-efflux is related to basic soil properties that affect the C pool and activity. Soil cores (0-100 cm depth) were taken from two transects every 50 meters (44 points) immediately after completion of soil CO(2)-efflux measurements. Soil was separated into layers and moisture, bulk density, root density and bacterial counts were determined within one day after soil was taken. Microbial respiration, biomass, CN contents and pH were measured within few months. The variability in the soil CO(2)-efflux and microbial activity was mainly explained by soil bulk density. Results further indicate that laboratory measurements of microbial respiration can represent heterotrophic soil respiration of a distinctive ecosystem in natural conditions, if microbial respiration is measured after the effect of soil handling disappears.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Santruckova, Hana
Kastovska, Eva
Liveckova, Miluse] Univ S Bohemia, Fac Sci, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
[Kozlov, Daniil] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Dept Geog, Moscow 119992, Russia
[Kurbatova, Julya
Tatarinov, Fedor] RAS, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 119071, Russia
[Shibistova, Olga] VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Lloyd, Jon] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Earth & Biosphere Inst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England
Доп.точки доступа:
Santruckova, H...; Kastovska, E...; Kozlov, D...; Kurbatova, J...; Liveckova, M...; Shibistova, O...; Tatarinov, F...; Lloyd, J...
Mixed-power scaling of whole-plant respiration from seedlings to giant trees
[Text] / S. . Mori [et al.] // Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. - 2010. - Vol. 107, Is. 4. - P1447-1451, DOI 10.1073/pnas.0902554107. - Cited References: 48. - We thank K. Kikuzawa, K. Hozumi, J. H. Brown, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and discussions regarding the manuscript, and the Forestry Technology Center of the Tohoku Regional Forest Office of the Japan Forestry Agency for field support. This research was partially supported by the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Grant-in-Aid Scientific Research (B) 18380098 (FY2006-2008), the Japan Ministry of Environment Project B-2 (FY1997-2000), and the Japan Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute Research Grant 200608 (FY1996-2010).
. - 5. - ISSN 0027-8424
РУБ Multidisciplinary Sciences
Аннотация: The scaling of respiratory metabolism with body mass is one of the most pervasive phenomena in biology. Using a single allometric equation to characterize empirical scaling relationships and to evaluate alternative hypotheses about mechanisms has been controversial. We developed a method to directly measure respiration of 271 whole plants, spanning nine orders of magnitude in body mass, from small seedlings to large trees, and from tropical to boreal ecosystems. Our measurements include the roots, which have often been ignored. Rather than a single power-law relationship, our data are fit by a biphasic, mixed-power function. The allometric exponent varies continuously from 1 in the smallest plants to 3/4 in larger saplings and trees. Therefore, our findings support the recent findings of Reich et al. [Reich PB, Tjoelker MG, Machado JL, Oleksyn J (2006) Universal scaling of respiratory metabolism, size, and nitrogen in plants. Nature 439: 457-461] and West, Brown, and Enquist [West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ (1997) A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology. Science 276: 122 - 126.]. The transition from linear to 3/4-power scaling may indicate fundamental physical and physiological constraints on the allocation of plant biomass between photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic organs over the course of ontogenetic plant growth.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Mori, Shigeta
Ishida, Atsushi
Nishizono, Tomohiro
Kajimoto, Takuya
Matsuura, Yojiro
Toma, Takeshi
Awaya, Yoshio
Araki, Masatake G.
Kawasaki, Tatsuro
Chiba, Yukihiro] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan
[Yamaji, Keiko] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan
[Prokushkin, Stanislav G.
Masyagina, Oxana V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Hagihara, Akio
Hoque, A. T. M. Rafiqul
Suwa, Rempei
Zyryanova, Olga A.
Abaimov, Anatoly P.] Univ Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 9030213, Japan
[Osawa, Akira] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068502, Japan
[Ueda, Tatsushiro] Dalton Co Ltd, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600808, Japan
[Kinjo, Masaru
Miyagi, Tsuyoshi] Okinawa Prefectural Forest Resources Res Ctr, Nago 9050017, Japan
[Koike, Takayoshi] Hokkaido Univ, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608689, Japan
[Umari, Marjnah] Mulawarman Univ, Kota Samarinda 75119, Indonesia
Доп.точки доступа:
Mori, S...; Yamaji, K...; Ishida, A...; Prokushkin, S.G.; Masyagina, O.V.; Hagihara, A...; Hoque, ATMR; Suwa, R...; Osawa, A...; Nishizono, T...; Ueda, T...; Kinjo, M...; Miyagi, T...; Kajimoto, T...; Koike, T...; Matsuura, Y...; Toma, T...; Zyryanova, O.A.; Abaimov, A.P.; Абаимов Анатолий Платонович; Awaya, Y...; Araki, M.G.; Kawasaki, T...; Chiba, Y...; Umari, M...
Рубрики:
CYPRESS CHAMAECYPARIS-OBTUSA
GENERAL-MODEL
ABOVEGROUND RESPIRATION
METABOLIC-RATE
WOODY-PLANTS
SIZE
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
TRANSPORT
BIOLOGY
GROWTH
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
allometry -- metabolic scaling -- mixed-power function -- whole-plant respiration -- simple-power function
CYPRESS CHAMAECYPARIS-OBTUSA
GENERAL-MODEL
ABOVEGROUND RESPIRATION
METABOLIC-RATE
WOODY-PLANTS
SIZE
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
TRANSPORT
BIOLOGY
GROWTH
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
allometry -- metabolic scaling -- mixed-power function -- whole-plant respiration -- simple-power function
Аннотация: The scaling of respiratory metabolism with body mass is one of the most pervasive phenomena in biology. Using a single allometric equation to characterize empirical scaling relationships and to evaluate alternative hypotheses about mechanisms has been controversial. We developed a method to directly measure respiration of 271 whole plants, spanning nine orders of magnitude in body mass, from small seedlings to large trees, and from tropical to boreal ecosystems. Our measurements include the roots, which have often been ignored. Rather than a single power-law relationship, our data are fit by a biphasic, mixed-power function. The allometric exponent varies continuously from 1 in the smallest plants to 3/4 in larger saplings and trees. Therefore, our findings support the recent findings of Reich et al. [Reich PB, Tjoelker MG, Machado JL, Oleksyn J (2006) Universal scaling of respiratory metabolism, size, and nitrogen in plants. Nature 439: 457-461] and West, Brown, and Enquist [West GB, Brown JH, Enquist BJ (1997) A general model for the origin of allometric scaling laws in biology. Science 276: 122 - 126.]. The transition from linear to 3/4-power scaling may indicate fundamental physical and physiological constraints on the allocation of plant biomass between photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic organs over the course of ontogenetic plant growth.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Mori, Shigeta
Ishida, Atsushi
Nishizono, Tomohiro
Kajimoto, Takuya
Matsuura, Yojiro
Toma, Takeshi
Awaya, Yoshio
Araki, Masatake G.
Kawasaki, Tatsuro
Chiba, Yukihiro] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan
[Yamaji, Keiko] Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058571, Japan
[Prokushkin, Stanislav G.
Masyagina, Oxana V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Hagihara, Akio
Hoque, A. T. M. Rafiqul
Suwa, Rempei
Zyryanova, Olga A.
Abaimov, Anatoly P.] Univ Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa 9030213, Japan
[Osawa, Akira] Kyoto Univ, Kyoto 6068502, Japan
[Ueda, Tatsushiro] Dalton Co Ltd, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600808, Japan
[Kinjo, Masaru
Miyagi, Tsuyoshi] Okinawa Prefectural Forest Resources Res Ctr, Nago 9050017, Japan
[Koike, Takayoshi] Hokkaido Univ, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608689, Japan
[Umari, Marjnah] Mulawarman Univ, Kota Samarinda 75119, Indonesia
Доп.точки доступа:
Mori, S...; Yamaji, K...; Ishida, A...; Prokushkin, S.G.; Masyagina, O.V.; Hagihara, A...; Hoque, ATMR; Suwa, R...; Osawa, A...; Nishizono, T...; Ueda, T...; Kinjo, M...; Miyagi, T...; Kajimoto, T...; Koike, T...; Matsuura, Y...; Toma, T...; Zyryanova, O.A.; Abaimov, A.P.; Абаимов Анатолий Платонович; Awaya, Y...; Araki, M.G.; Kawasaki, T...; Chiba, Y...; Umari, M...
The carbon balance in natural and disturbed forests of the southern taiga in central Siberia
[Text] / E. F. Vedrova, L. S. Shugalei, V. D. Stakanov // J. Veg. Sci. - 2002. - Vol. 13: IGBP Terrestrial Transects Workshop (JUL 12-16, 1999, DARWIN, AUSTRALIA), Is. 3. - P341-350, DOI 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02058.x. - Cited References: 55
. - 10. - ISSN 1100-9233
РУБ Plant Sciences + Ecology + Forestry
Аннотация: We evaluated the balance of production and decomposition in natural ecosystems of Pinus sylvestris, Larix sibirica and Betula pendula in the southern boreal forests of central Siberia. using the Yenisei transect. We also investigated whether anthropogenic disturbances (logging, fire and recreation pressure) influence the carbon budget. Pinus and Larix stands up to age class VI act as a net sink for atmospheric carbon. Mineralization rates in young Betula forests exceed rates of uptake via photosynthesis assimilation. Old-growth stands of all three forest types are CO2 sources to the atmosphere. The prevalence of old-growth Larix in the southern taiga suggests that Larix stands are a net source of CO2. The CO, flux to the atmosphere exceeds the uptake of atmospheric carbon via photosynthesis by 0.23 t C.ha(-1).yr(-1) (47%). Betula and Pinus forests are net sinks, as photosynthesis exceeds respiration by 13% and 16% respectively. The total carbon flux from Pinus, Larix and Betula ecosystems to the atmosphere is 10 387 thousand tons C.yr(-1). Net Primary Production (0.935 t-C.ha(-1)) exceeds carbon release from decomposition of labile and mobile soil organic matter (Rh) by 767 thousand tons C (0.064 t-C.ha(-1)), so that these forests are net C-sinks. The emissions due to decomposition of slash (10 1 thousand tons C; 1.0%) and from fires (0.21%) are very small. The carbon balance of human-disturbed forests is significantly different. A sharp decrease in biomass stored in Pinus and Betula ecosystems leads to decreased production. As a result, the labile organic matterpool decreased by 6-8 times; course plant residues with a low decomposition rate thus dominate this pool. Annual carbon emissions to the atmosphere from these ecosystems are determined primarily by decomposing fresh litterfall. This source comprises 40-79% of the emissions from disturbed forests compared to only 13-28% in undisturbed forests. The ratio of emissions to production (NPP) is 20-30% in disturbed and 52-76% in undisturbed forests.
WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest & Wood, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Vedrova, E.F.; Shugalei, L.S.; Stakanov, V.D.
Рубрики:
TEMPERATE ZONE
ECOSYSTEMS
CYCLE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
decomposition -- flux -- forest ecosystem -- humification -- mineralization -- primary production -- soil organic matter
TEMPERATE ZONE
ECOSYSTEMS
CYCLE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
decomposition -- flux -- forest ecosystem -- humification -- mineralization -- primary production -- soil organic matter
Аннотация: We evaluated the balance of production and decomposition in natural ecosystems of Pinus sylvestris, Larix sibirica and Betula pendula in the southern boreal forests of central Siberia. using the Yenisei transect. We also investigated whether anthropogenic disturbances (logging, fire and recreation pressure) influence the carbon budget. Pinus and Larix stands up to age class VI act as a net sink for atmospheric carbon. Mineralization rates in young Betula forests exceed rates of uptake via photosynthesis assimilation. Old-growth stands of all three forest types are CO2 sources to the atmosphere. The prevalence of old-growth Larix in the southern taiga suggests that Larix stands are a net source of CO2. The CO, flux to the atmosphere exceeds the uptake of atmospheric carbon via photosynthesis by 0.23 t C.ha(-1).yr(-1) (47%). Betula and Pinus forests are net sinks, as photosynthesis exceeds respiration by 13% and 16% respectively. The total carbon flux from Pinus, Larix and Betula ecosystems to the atmosphere is 10 387 thousand tons C.yr(-1). Net Primary Production (0.935 t-C.ha(-1)) exceeds carbon release from decomposition of labile and mobile soil organic matter (Rh) by 767 thousand tons C (0.064 t-C.ha(-1)), so that these forests are net C-sinks. The emissions due to decomposition of slash (10 1 thousand tons C; 1.0%) and from fires (0.21%) are very small. The carbon balance of human-disturbed forests is significantly different. A sharp decrease in biomass stored in Pinus and Betula ecosystems leads to decreased production. As a result, the labile organic matterpool decreased by 6-8 times; course plant residues with a low decomposition rate thus dominate this pool. Annual carbon emissions to the atmosphere from these ecosystems are determined primarily by decomposing fresh litterfall. This source comprises 40-79% of the emissions from disturbed forests compared to only 13-28% in undisturbed forests. The ratio of emissions to production (NPP) is 20-30% in disturbed and 52-76% in undisturbed forests.
WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest & Wood, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Vedrova, E.F.; Shugalei, L.S.; Stakanov, V.D.
Response of central Siberian Scots pine to soil water deficit and long-term trends in atmospheric CO2 concentration
[Text] / A. . Arneth [et al.] // Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle. - 2002. - Vol. 16, Is. 1. - Ст. 1005, DOI 10.1029/2000GB001374. - Cited References: 70
. - 13. - ISSN 0886-6236
РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Аннотация: [1] Twenty tree ring C-13/C-12 ratio chronologies from Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) trees were determined from five locations sampled along the Yenisei River, spaced over a total distance of similar to1000 km between the cities of Turuhansk (66degreesN) and Krasnoyarsk (56degreesN). The transect covered the major part of the natural distribution of Scots pine in the region with median growing season temperatures and precipitation varying from 12.2degreesC and 218 mm to 14.0degreesC and 278 mm for Turuhansk and Krasnoyarsk, respectively. A key focus of the study was to investigate the effects of variations in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric CO2 concentration on long-and short-term variation in photosynthetic C-13 discrimination during photosynthesis and the marginal cost of tree water use, as reflected in the differences in the historical records of the C-13/C-12 ratio in wood cellulose compared to that of the atmosphere (Delta(13)C(c)). In 17 of the 20 samples, trees Delta(13)C(c) has declined during the last 150 years, particularly so during the second half of the twentieth century. Using a model of stomatal behaviour combined with a process-based photosynthesis model, we deduce that this trend indicates a long-term decrease in canopy stomatal conductance, probably in response to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This response being observed for most trees along the transect is suggestive of widespread decreases in Delta(13)C(c) and increased water use efficiency for Scots pine in central Siberia over the last century. Overlying short-term variations in Delta(13)C(c) were also accounted for by the model and were related to variations in growing season soil water deficit and atmospheric humidity.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Manaaki Whenua, Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
Inst Evolut & Ecol Problems, Svertsov Lab, Moscow 117071, Russia
VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ S Bohemia, Fac Biol Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Inst Soil Biol AS CR, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Доп.точки доступа:
Arneth, A...; Lloyd, J...; Santruckova, H...; Bird, M...; Grigoryev, S...; Kalaschnikov, Y.N.; Gleixner, G...; Schulze, E.D.
Рубрики:
CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION
NORTHERN HEMISPHERIC TREES
PLANT-GROWTH RESPONSES
ELEVATED CO2
USE EFFICIENCY
GAS-EXCHANGE
STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE
C-13 DISCRIMINATION
FOREST PRODUCTIVITY
FAGUS-SYLVATICA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
stable isotopes -- boreal forest -- carbon cycle -- photosynthesis -- conductance -- optimality
CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION
NORTHERN HEMISPHERIC TREES
PLANT-GROWTH RESPONSES
ELEVATED CO2
USE EFFICIENCY
GAS-EXCHANGE
STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE
C-13 DISCRIMINATION
FOREST PRODUCTIVITY
FAGUS-SYLVATICA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
stable isotopes -- boreal forest -- carbon cycle -- photosynthesis -- conductance -- optimality
Аннотация: [1] Twenty tree ring C-13/C-12 ratio chronologies from Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) trees were determined from five locations sampled along the Yenisei River, spaced over a total distance of similar to1000 km between the cities of Turuhansk (66degreesN) and Krasnoyarsk (56degreesN). The transect covered the major part of the natural distribution of Scots pine in the region with median growing season temperatures and precipitation varying from 12.2degreesC and 218 mm to 14.0degreesC and 278 mm for Turuhansk and Krasnoyarsk, respectively. A key focus of the study was to investigate the effects of variations in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric CO2 concentration on long-and short-term variation in photosynthetic C-13 discrimination during photosynthesis and the marginal cost of tree water use, as reflected in the differences in the historical records of the C-13/C-12 ratio in wood cellulose compared to that of the atmosphere (Delta(13)C(c)). In 17 of the 20 samples, trees Delta(13)C(c) has declined during the last 150 years, particularly so during the second half of the twentieth century. Using a model of stomatal behaviour combined with a process-based photosynthesis model, we deduce that this trend indicates a long-term decrease in canopy stomatal conductance, probably in response to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This response being observed for most trees along the transect is suggestive of widespread decreases in Delta(13)C(c) and increased water use efficiency for Scots pine in central Siberia over the last century. Overlying short-term variations in Delta(13)C(c) were also accounted for by the model and were related to variations in growing season soil water deficit and atmospheric humidity.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Manaaki Whenua, Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
Inst Evolut & Ecol Problems, Svertsov Lab, Moscow 117071, Russia
VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ S Bohemia, Fac Biol Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Inst Soil Biol AS CR, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Доп.точки доступа:
Arneth, A...; Lloyd, J...; Santruckova, H...; Bird, M...; Grigoryev, S...; Kalaschnikov, Y.N.; Gleixner, G...; Schulze, E.D.
Foliar carbon isotope discrimination in Larix species and sympatric evergreen conifers: a global comparison
[Text] / B. D. Kloeppel [et al.] // Oecologia. - 1998. - Vol. 114, Is. 2. - P153-159, DOI 10.1007/s004420050431. - Cited References: 45
. - 7. - ISSN 0029-8549
РУБ Ecology
Аннотация: Larches (Larix spp.), deciduous conifers, occur in the northern hemisphere in cold-temperate and boreal climates - an environment normally thought to favor ever-green tree species. We compare foliar carbon isotope discrimination (Delta), instantaneous water use efficiency, total foliar nitrogen concentration, and specific leaf area (for a subset of sites) between Larix spp. and co-occurring evergreen conifers at 20 sites throughout the natural range of larches. Except for Larix occidentalis in the xeric Intermountain West, USA, Delta is significantly (P < 0.05) greater for larches than co-occurring evergreen conifers at 77% of the sites, suggesting that larches use water less efficiently. At elevations greater than 3000 m, the Delta of Lar ix-spp. and co-occurring conifers converge, suggesting that water is not the limiting resource. Foliar nitrogen concentration and specific leaf area are two ecophysiological characteristics that are positively correlated with high photosynthetic capacity. Foliar nitrogen concentration is significantly greater for larches than evergreen conifers at 88% of the sites and specific leaf area is approximately three times greater for larches than co-occurring conifers. Future studies should examine the potential effect that global warming may have on the distribution of larch forests because the water use efficiency of larches is commonly less than cooccurring evergreen conifers and the boreal and high-latitude environments are likely to experience the greatest climate warming.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Kloeppel, B.D.; Gower, S.T.; Treichel, I.W.; Kharuk, S...
Рубрики:
WATER-USE EFFICIENCY
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
PLANTS
LEAF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
NITROGEN
C-13
NUTRIENTS
LEAVES
FOREST
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
foliar nitrogen -- needle age -- specific leaf area -- water use efficiency -- delta(13) carbon
WATER-USE EFFICIENCY
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
PLANTS
LEAF
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
NITROGEN
C-13
NUTRIENTS
LEAVES
FOREST
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
foliar nitrogen -- needle age -- specific leaf area -- water use efficiency -- delta(13) carbon
Аннотация: Larches (Larix spp.), deciduous conifers, occur in the northern hemisphere in cold-temperate and boreal climates - an environment normally thought to favor ever-green tree species. We compare foliar carbon isotope discrimination (Delta), instantaneous water use efficiency, total foliar nitrogen concentration, and specific leaf area (for a subset of sites) between Larix spp. and co-occurring evergreen conifers at 20 sites throughout the natural range of larches. Except for Larix occidentalis in the xeric Intermountain West, USA, Delta is significantly (P < 0.05) greater for larches than co-occurring evergreen conifers at 77% of the sites, suggesting that larches use water less efficiently. At elevations greater than 3000 m, the Delta of Lar ix-spp. and co-occurring conifers converge, suggesting that water is not the limiting resource. Foliar nitrogen concentration and specific leaf area are two ecophysiological characteristics that are positively correlated with high photosynthetic capacity. Foliar nitrogen concentration is significantly greater for larches than evergreen conifers at 88% of the sites and specific leaf area is approximately three times greater for larches than co-occurring conifers. Future studies should examine the potential effect that global warming may have on the distribution of larch forests because the water use efficiency of larches is commonly less than cooccurring evergreen conifers and the boreal and high-latitude environments are likely to experience the greatest climate warming.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Chem, Madison, WI 53706 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Kloeppel, B.D.; Gower, S.T.; Treichel, I.W.; Kharuk, S...
Wildfire in Russian boreal forests - Potential impacts of fire regime characteristics on emissions and global carbon balance estimates
[Text] / S. G. Conard, G. A. Ivanova // Environ. Pollut. - 1997. - Vol. 98, Is. 3. - P305-313, DOI 10.1016/S0269-7491(97)00140-1. - Cited References: 41
. - 9. - ISSN 0269-7491
РУБ Environmental Sciences
Аннотация: Most of the research about the effects of the release of carbon and other chemicals to the atmosphere during forest fir es focuses on emissions from crown fires or slash fires in which a high percentage of the fine fuels are burned However, in many temper-ate and boreal conifer ecosystems, surface fires of varying intensities and severities are an important part of the fire regime. In Russia a large percentage of the area burned in a typical year is in surface fires, which will result in lower carbon emissions than crown fires because of lower fuel consumption. lit Russian boreal for est, different distribution patterns of fire severity across the landscape could produce fourfold differences in carbon release. Furthermore, tree mortality after surface fires is often quite extensive, leading to a pulse in carbon release as needles and other fine fuels fall to the ground and decompose. With extensive tree mortality a decrease in carbon sequestration is expected for several years, until stand level photosynthesis returns to prefire levels. Perhaps the largest potential source of error in estimates of carbon release from biomass fires in Russia is inaccuracy in estimates of burned area. Many published estimates of annual burned area in Russia may be extremely low. On the basis of information on fire return intervals and area of boreal forest, 12 million ha per year may be a reasonable conservative estimate of burned area until better data are available. Based on this estimate, direct and indirect fire-generated carbon emissions from boreal forests worldwide may exceed 20% of the estimated global emissions from biomass burning, making them an important component in understanding global atmospheric chemistry. In considering effects of fire an global atmospheric chemistry, it is important to include the effects of fire severity, postfire mortality, decomposition of fine fuels, and changing postfire vegetation structure as components of fire-induced changes in ecosystem-level carbon flux. But the most important factor may be accurate information on the annual area burned. Levels of carbon storage are likely to be highly sensitive to changes in fire return intervals that result from direct human activities and from climatic changes, making accurate assessments of burned areas and fire severity critical. Strong fire management programs will be key to managing future fire regimes and carbon cycling in Russia's boreal forest. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Akademgorodok 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Conard, S.G.; Ivanova, G.A.
Рубрики:
VEGETATION
ATMOSPHERE
DIOXIDE
BIOMASS
CLIMATE
CANADA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Russia -- boreal forests -- fires -- carbon balance
VEGETATION
ATMOSPHERE
DIOXIDE
BIOMASS
CLIMATE
CANADA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Russia -- boreal forests -- fires -- carbon balance
Аннотация: Most of the research about the effects of the release of carbon and other chemicals to the atmosphere during forest fir es focuses on emissions from crown fires or slash fires in which a high percentage of the fine fuels are burned However, in many temper-ate and boreal conifer ecosystems, surface fires of varying intensities and severities are an important part of the fire regime. In Russia a large percentage of the area burned in a typical year is in surface fires, which will result in lower carbon emissions than crown fires because of lower fuel consumption. lit Russian boreal for est, different distribution patterns of fire severity across the landscape could produce fourfold differences in carbon release. Furthermore, tree mortality after surface fires is often quite extensive, leading to a pulse in carbon release as needles and other fine fuels fall to the ground and decompose. With extensive tree mortality a decrease in carbon sequestration is expected for several years, until stand level photosynthesis returns to prefire levels. Perhaps the largest potential source of error in estimates of carbon release from biomass fires in Russia is inaccuracy in estimates of burned area. Many published estimates of annual burned area in Russia may be extremely low. On the basis of information on fire return intervals and area of boreal forest, 12 million ha per year may be a reasonable conservative estimate of burned area until better data are available. Based on this estimate, direct and indirect fire-generated carbon emissions from boreal forests worldwide may exceed 20% of the estimated global emissions from biomass burning, making them an important component in understanding global atmospheric chemistry. In considering effects of fire an global atmospheric chemistry, it is important to include the effects of fire severity, postfire mortality, decomposition of fine fuels, and changing postfire vegetation structure as components of fire-induced changes in ecosystem-level carbon flux. But the most important factor may be accurate information on the annual area burned. Levels of carbon storage are likely to be highly sensitive to changes in fire return intervals that result from direct human activities and from climatic changes, making accurate assessments of burned areas and fire severity critical. Strong fire management programs will be key to managing future fire regimes and carbon cycling in Russia's boreal forest. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Akademgorodok 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Conard, S.G.; Ivanova, G.A.
Spring in the boreal environment: observations on pre- and post-melt energy and CO2 fluxes in two central Siberian ecosystems
[Text] / A. . Arneth [et al.] // Boreal Environ. Res. - 2006. - Vol. 11, Is. 4. - P311-328. - Cited References: 79
. - 18. - ISSN 1239-6095
РУБ Environmental Sciences
Аннотация: A range of observations points towards earlier onset of spring in northern high latitudes. However, despite the profound effects this may have on vegetation-atmosphere exchange of carbon (NEE), vegetation-atmosphere physical coupling, or the location of the tundra-taiga interface, the number of studies that investigate winter-spring transition fluxes in contrasting northern vegetation types is limited. Here, we examine spring ecosystem-atmosphere energy and carbon exchange in a Siberian pine forest and mire. Divergent surface albedo before and during snow-melt resulted in daytime net radiation (R-n) above the forest exceeding R. above the mire by up to 10 MJ m(-2). Until stomata could open, absorbed radiation by the green pine canopy caused substantial daytime sensible heat fluxes (H 10 MJ m(-2)). H above the mire was very low, even negative (-2 MJ M-2), during that same period. Physiological activity in both ecosystems responded rapidly to warming temperatures and snow-melt, which is essential for survival in Siberia with its very short summers. On days with above-zero temperatures, before melt. was complete, low rates of forest photosynthesis (1-2 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) were discernible. Forest and mire NEE became negative the same day, or shortly after, photosynthesis commenced. The mire lagged by about two weeks behind the forest and regained its full carbon uptake capacity at a slower rate. Our data provide empirical evidence for the importance the timing of spring and the relative proportion of forest vs. mire has for late winter/spring boundary-layer growth, and production and surface-atmosphere mixing of trace gases. Models that seek to investigate effects of increasingly earlier spring in high latitudes must correctly account for contrasting physical and biogeochemical ecosystem-atmosphere exchange in heterogeneous landscapes.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecolsyst Anal, SE-22363 Lund, Sweden
Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England
VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Доп.точки доступа:
Arneth, A...; Lloyd, J...; Shibistova, O...; Sogachev, A...; Kolle, O...
Рубрики:
PINUS-SYLVESTRIS FOREST
CARBON BALANCE
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY
ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE
SEASONAL-VARIATIONS
RADIATION BALANCE
HIGH-LATITUDES
LARCH FOREST
SCOTS PINE
VEGETATION
PINUS-SYLVESTRIS FOREST
CARBON BALANCE
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY
ATMOSPHERE EXCHANGE
SEASONAL-VARIATIONS
RADIATION BALANCE
HIGH-LATITUDES
LARCH FOREST
SCOTS PINE
VEGETATION
Аннотация: A range of observations points towards earlier onset of spring in northern high latitudes. However, despite the profound effects this may have on vegetation-atmosphere exchange of carbon (NEE), vegetation-atmosphere physical coupling, or the location of the tundra-taiga interface, the number of studies that investigate winter-spring transition fluxes in contrasting northern vegetation types is limited. Here, we examine spring ecosystem-atmosphere energy and carbon exchange in a Siberian pine forest and mire. Divergent surface albedo before and during snow-melt resulted in daytime net radiation (R-n) above the forest exceeding R. above the mire by up to 10 MJ m(-2). Until stomata could open, absorbed radiation by the green pine canopy caused substantial daytime sensible heat fluxes (H 10 MJ m(-2)). H above the mire was very low, even negative (-2 MJ M-2), during that same period. Physiological activity in both ecosystems responded rapidly to warming temperatures and snow-melt, which is essential for survival in Siberia with its very short summers. On days with above-zero temperatures, before melt. was complete, low rates of forest photosynthesis (1-2 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) were discernible. Forest and mire NEE became negative the same day, or shortly after, photosynthesis commenced. The mire lagged by about two weeks behind the forest and regained its full carbon uptake capacity at a slower rate. Our data provide empirical evidence for the importance the timing of spring and the relative proportion of forest vs. mire has for late winter/spring boundary-layer growth, and production and surface-atmosphere mixing of trace gases. Models that seek to investigate effects of increasingly earlier spring in high latitudes must correctly account for contrasting physical and biogeochemical ecosystem-atmosphere exchange in heterogeneous landscapes.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecolsyst Anal, SE-22363 Lund, Sweden
Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England
VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Доп.точки доступа:
Arneth, A...; Lloyd, J...; Shibistova, O...; Sogachev, A...; Kolle, O...
Comparing forest measurements from tree rings and a space-based index of vegetation activity in Siberia
[Text] / A. G. Bunn [et al.] // Environ. Res. Lett. - 2013. - Vol. 8, Is. 3. - Ст. 35034, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035034. - Cited References: 36. - We thank the Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative for support via a grant from NASA-LCLUC-NEESPI (NNX09AK58G) to MKH and AGB and from NSF 0612341 and NSF 1044417 to AGB. VVS was supported by the Fulbright Scholar Program. Figure 1 was produced by Randal Bernhardt of the WWU Geography Department.
. - 8. - ISSN 1748-9326
РУБ Environmental Sciences + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Аннотация: Different methods have been developed for measuring carbon stocks and fluxes in the northern high latitudes, ranging from intensively measured small plots to space-based methods that use reflectance data to drive production efficiency models. The field of dendroecology has used samples of tree growth from radial increments to quantify long-term variability in ecosystem productivity, but these have very limited spatial domains. Since the cambium material in tree cores is itself a product of photosynthesis in the canopy, it would be ideal to link these two approaches. We examine the associations between the normalized differenced vegetation index (NDVI) and tree growth using 19 pairs of tree-ring widths (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) across much of Siberia. We find consistent correlations between NDVI and both measures of tree growth and no systematic difference between MXD and TRW. At the regional level we note strong correspondence between the first principal component of tree growth and NDVI for MXD and TRW in a temperature-limited bioregion, indicating that canopy reflectance and cambial production are broadly linked. Using a network of 21 TRW chronologies from south of Lake Baikal, we find a similarly strong regional correspondence with NDVI in a markedly drier region. We show that tree growth is dominated by variation at decadal and multidecadal time periods, which the satellite record is incapable of recording given its relatively short record.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Bunn, Andrew G.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Huxley Coll, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA
[Hughes, Malcolm K.
Losleben, Mark] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[Kirdyanov, Alexander V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Shishov, Vladimir V.
Vaganov, Eugene A.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Berner, Logan T.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA
[Oltchev, Alexander] RAS, Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117901, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Bunn, A.G.; Hughes, M.K.; Kirdyanov, Alexander V.; Кирдянов, Александр Викторович; Losleben, M.; Shishov, V.V.; Berner, L.T.; Oltchev, A.; Vaganov, E.A.; Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative via NASA-LCLUC-NEESPI [NNX09AK58G]; NSF [0612341, 1044417]; Fulbright Scholar Program
Рубрики:
MAXIMUM LATEWOOD DENSITY
CARBON-CYCLE
GROWTH
TEMPERATURE
PRODUCTIVITY
SENSITIVITY
LATITUDES
PATTERNS
TRENDS
SIGNAL
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
carbon cycling -- TRW -- MXD -- NDVI -- taiga -- boreal forest
MAXIMUM LATEWOOD DENSITY
CARBON-CYCLE
GROWTH
TEMPERATURE
PRODUCTIVITY
SENSITIVITY
LATITUDES
PATTERNS
TRENDS
SIGNAL
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
carbon cycling -- TRW -- MXD -- NDVI -- taiga -- boreal forest
Аннотация: Different methods have been developed for measuring carbon stocks and fluxes in the northern high latitudes, ranging from intensively measured small plots to space-based methods that use reflectance data to drive production efficiency models. The field of dendroecology has used samples of tree growth from radial increments to quantify long-term variability in ecosystem productivity, but these have very limited spatial domains. Since the cambium material in tree cores is itself a product of photosynthesis in the canopy, it would be ideal to link these two approaches. We examine the associations between the normalized differenced vegetation index (NDVI) and tree growth using 19 pairs of tree-ring widths (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) across much of Siberia. We find consistent correlations between NDVI and both measures of tree growth and no systematic difference between MXD and TRW. At the regional level we note strong correspondence between the first principal component of tree growth and NDVI for MXD and TRW in a temperature-limited bioregion, indicating that canopy reflectance and cambial production are broadly linked. Using a network of 21 TRW chronologies from south of Lake Baikal, we find a similarly strong regional correspondence with NDVI in a markedly drier region. We show that tree growth is dominated by variation at decadal and multidecadal time periods, which the satellite record is incapable of recording given its relatively short record.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Bunn, Andrew G.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Huxley Coll, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA
[Hughes, Malcolm K.
Losleben, Mark] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[Kirdyanov, Alexander V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Shishov, Vladimir V.
Vaganov, Eugene A.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Berner, Logan T.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA
[Oltchev, Alexander] RAS, Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117901, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Bunn, A.G.; Hughes, M.K.; Kirdyanov, Alexander V.; Кирдянов, Александр Викторович; Losleben, M.; Shishov, V.V.; Berner, L.T.; Oltchev, A.; Vaganov, E.A.; Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative via NASA-LCLUC-NEESPI [NNX09AK58G]; NSF [0612341, 1044417]; Fulbright Scholar Program
Untangling metabolic and spatial interactions of stress tolerance in plants. 1. Patterns of carbon metabolism within leaves
[Text] / K. Y. Biel [et al.] // Protoplasma. - 2010. - Vol. 245, Is. 01.04.2013. - P49-73, DOI 10.1007/s00709-010-0135-7. - Cited References: 136. - Supported in part by the Competitive Research Grants Office, U.S. Department of Agriculture (Grant Nos. 96-35100-3167 and 98-35100-6106 to JNN). IRF and GNN were supported by Sr. Fulbright Scholar Awards. Thanks to Professors Andrew A. Benson (Scripps Institute of Oceanography, La Jolla, California, USA), Edwin A. Cossins (University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada), and William H. Outlaw, Jr. (Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA) for the valuable comments on the manuscript, and to Vincent R. Franceschi (Electron Microscopy Center, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA; deceased) for useful discussions about calcium oxalate. Portions of the work were preliminarily reported (Bil' et al. 2003a, b)
. - 25. - ISSN 0033-183X
РУБ Plant Sciences + Cell Biology
Аннотация: The localization of the key photoreductive and oxidative processes and some stress-protective reactions within leaves of mesophytic C(3) plants were investigated. The role of light in determining the profile of Rubisco, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, catalase, fumarase, and cytochrome-c-oxidase across spinach leaves was examined by exposing leaves to illumination on either the adaxial or abaxial leaf surfaces. Oxygen evolution in fresh paradermal leaf sections and CO(2) gas exchange in whole leaves under adaxial or abaxial illumination was also examined. The results showed that the palisade mesophyll is responsible for the midday depression of photosynthesis in spinach leaves. The photosynthetic apparatus was more sensitive to the light environment than the respiratory apparatus. Additionally, examination of the paradermal leaf sections by optical microscopy allowed us to describe two new types of parenchyma in spinach-pirum mesophyll and pillow spongy mesophyll. A hypothesis that oxaloacetate may protect the upper leaf tissue from the destructive influence of active oxygen is presented. The application of mathematical modeling shows that the pattern of enzymatic distribution across leaves abides by the principle of maximal ecological utility. Light regulation of carbon metabolism across leaves is discussed.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Nishio, John N.] Calif State Univ Chico, Biocompatible Plant Res Inst, Coll Nat Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA
[Biel, Karl Y.
Fomina, Irina R.
Nazarova, Galina N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Basic Biol Problems, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
[Biel, Karl Y.
Fomina, Irina R.] Biosphere Syst Int Fdn, Oro Valley, AZ 85755 USA
[Soukhovolsky, Vladislav G.
Khlebopros, Rem G.] Russian Acad Sci, Int Sci Ctr Organism Extreme States Res, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Soukhovolsky, Vladislav G.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Khlebopros, Rem G.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Biel, K.Y.; Fomina, I.R.; Nazarova, G.N.; Soukhovolsky, V.G.; Khlebopros, R.G.; Nishio, J.N.
Рубрики:
L-ASCORBIC-ACID
CALCIUM-OXALATE
OXALIC-ACID
PARAVENOUS MESOPHYLL
SPINACH LEAVES
CHLOROPLAST ULTRASTRUCTURE
PEPEROMIA-CAMPTOTRICHA
FIXATION GRADIENTS
NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS
MEMBRANE-PROTEINS
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Carbon metabolism -- Leaf anatomy -- Leaf form and function -- Maximal ecological utility -- Photosynthesis -- Stress tolerance Spinacia oleracea
L-ASCORBIC-ACID
CALCIUM-OXALATE
OXALIC-ACID
PARAVENOUS MESOPHYLL
SPINACH LEAVES
CHLOROPLAST ULTRASTRUCTURE
PEPEROMIA-CAMPTOTRICHA
FIXATION GRADIENTS
NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS
MEMBRANE-PROTEINS
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Carbon metabolism -- Leaf anatomy -- Leaf form and function -- Maximal ecological utility -- Photosynthesis -- Stress tolerance Spinacia oleracea
Аннотация: The localization of the key photoreductive and oxidative processes and some stress-protective reactions within leaves of mesophytic C(3) plants were investigated. The role of light in determining the profile of Rubisco, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, catalase, fumarase, and cytochrome-c-oxidase across spinach leaves was examined by exposing leaves to illumination on either the adaxial or abaxial leaf surfaces. Oxygen evolution in fresh paradermal leaf sections and CO(2) gas exchange in whole leaves under adaxial or abaxial illumination was also examined. The results showed that the palisade mesophyll is responsible for the midday depression of photosynthesis in spinach leaves. The photosynthetic apparatus was more sensitive to the light environment than the respiratory apparatus. Additionally, examination of the paradermal leaf sections by optical microscopy allowed us to describe two new types of parenchyma in spinach-pirum mesophyll and pillow spongy mesophyll. A hypothesis that oxaloacetate may protect the upper leaf tissue from the destructive influence of active oxygen is presented. The application of mathematical modeling shows that the pattern of enzymatic distribution across leaves abides by the principle of maximal ecological utility. Light regulation of carbon metabolism across leaves is discussed.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Nishio, John N.] Calif State Univ Chico, Biocompatible Plant Res Inst, Coll Nat Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA
[Biel, Karl Y.
Fomina, Irina R.
Nazarova, Galina N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Basic Biol Problems, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
[Biel, Karl Y.
Fomina, Irina R.] Biosphere Syst Int Fdn, Oro Valley, AZ 85755 USA
[Soukhovolsky, Vladislav G.
Khlebopros, Rem G.] Russian Acad Sci, Int Sci Ctr Organism Extreme States Res, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Soukhovolsky, Vladislav G.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Khlebopros, Rem G.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Biel, K.Y.; Fomina, I.R.; Nazarova, G.N.; Soukhovolsky, V.G.; Khlebopros, R.G.; Nishio, J.N.
Regeneration patterns in boreal Scots pine glades linked to cold-induced photoinhibition
[Text] / M. . Slot [et al.] // Tree Physiol. - 2005. - Vol. 25, Is. 9. - P1139-1150. - Cited References: 37
. - 12. - ISSN 0829-318X
РУБ Forestry
Аннотация: Regeneration patterns of Pinus sylvestris L. juveniles in central Siberian glades were studied in relation to cold-induced photoinhibition. Spatial distribution of seedlings in different height classes revealed higher seedling densities beneath the canopy than beyond the canopy, and significantly higher densities of seedlings < 50 cm tall on the north side of the trees. These patterns coincided with differences in light conditions. Compared with plants on the north side of canopy trees (north-exposed), photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) received by plants on the south side of canopy trees (south-exposed) was always higher, making south-exposed plants more susceptible to photoinhibition, especially on cool mornings. Chlorophyll fluorescence data revealed lower photochemical efficiency and increased non-photochemical quenching of small (20-50 cm in height), south-exposed seedlings from spring to early autumn, indicating increased excitation pressure on photosynthesis. Maximum rate of oxygen evolution was less in south-exposed plants than in north-exposed plants. Increased pools of xanthophyll cycle pigments and formation of the photoprotective zeaxanthin provided further evidence for the higher susceptibility to photoinhibition of south-exposed seedlings. A linear mixed model analysis explained many of the physiological differences observed in seedlings according to height class and aspect with early morning temperature and PPF as predictors. The link between photoinhibition and differential distribution of seedlings by height class suggests that photoinhibition, together with other environmental stresses, decreases the survival of small, south-exposed P sylvestris seedlings, thereby significantly affecting the regeneration pattern of central Siberian pine glades.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands
Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany
Доп.точки доступа:
Slot, M...; Wirth, C...; Schumacher, J...; Mohren, GMJ; Shibistova, O...; Lloyd, J...; Ensminger, I...
Рубрики:
DEPENDENT ENERGY-DISSIPATION
XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE
ALPINE-TREELINE
LOW-TEMPERATURE
SNOW GUM
SEEDLINGS
GROWTH
PLANTS
LIGHT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
environmental stress -- excitation pressure -- Pinus sylvestris -- Siberia -- xanthophyll cycle
DEPENDENT ENERGY-DISSIPATION
XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE
ALPINE-TREELINE
LOW-TEMPERATURE
SNOW GUM
SEEDLINGS
GROWTH
PLANTS
LIGHT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
environmental stress -- excitation pressure -- Pinus sylvestris -- Siberia -- xanthophyll cycle
Аннотация: Regeneration patterns of Pinus sylvestris L. juveniles in central Siberian glades were studied in relation to cold-induced photoinhibition. Spatial distribution of seedlings in different height classes revealed higher seedling densities beneath the canopy than beyond the canopy, and significantly higher densities of seedlings < 50 cm tall on the north side of the trees. These patterns coincided with differences in light conditions. Compared with plants on the north side of canopy trees (north-exposed), photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) received by plants on the south side of canopy trees (south-exposed) was always higher, making south-exposed plants more susceptible to photoinhibition, especially on cool mornings. Chlorophyll fluorescence data revealed lower photochemical efficiency and increased non-photochemical quenching of small (20-50 cm in height), south-exposed seedlings from spring to early autumn, indicating increased excitation pressure on photosynthesis. Maximum rate of oxygen evolution was less in south-exposed plants than in north-exposed plants. Increased pools of xanthophyll cycle pigments and formation of the photoprotective zeaxanthin provided further evidence for the higher susceptibility to photoinhibition of south-exposed seedlings. A linear mixed model analysis explained many of the physiological differences observed in seedlings according to height class and aspect with early morning temperature and PPF as predictors. The link between photoinhibition and differential distribution of seedlings by height class suggests that photoinhibition, together with other environmental stresses, decreases the survival of small, south-exposed P sylvestris seedlings, thereby significantly affecting the regeneration pattern of central Siberian pine glades.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands
Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany
Доп.точки доступа:
Slot, M...; Wirth, C...; Schumacher, J...; Mohren, GMJ; Shibistova, O...; Lloyd, J...; Ensminger, I...
Intermittent low temperatures constrain spring recovery of photosynthesis in boreal Scots pine forests
[Text] / I. . Ensminger [et al.] // Glob. Change Biol. - 2004. - Vol. 10, Is. 6. - P995-1008, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00781.x. - Cited References: 57
. - 14. - ISSN 1354-1013
РУБ Biodiversity Conservation + Ecology + Environmental Sciences
Аннотация: During winter and early spring, evergreen boreal conifers are severely stressed because light energy cannot be used when photosynthesis is pre-empted by low ambient temperatures. To study photosynthetic performance dynamics in a severe boreal climate, seasonal changes in photosynthetic pigments, chloroplast proteins and photochemical efficiency were studied in a Scots pine forest near Zotino, Central Siberia. In winter, downregulation of photosynthesis involved loss of chlorophylls, a twofold increase in xanthophyll cycle pigments and sustained high levels of the light stress-induced zeaxanthin pigment. The highest levels of xanthophylls and zeaxanthin did not occur during the coldest winter period, but rather in April when light was increasing, indicating an increased capacity for thermal dissipation of excitation energy at that time. Concomitantly, in early spring the D1 protein of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre and the light-harvesting complex of PSII dropped to their lowest annual levels. In April and May, recovery of PSII activity, chloroplast protein synthesis and rearrangements of pigments were observed as air temperatures increased above 0degreesC. Nevertheless, severe intermittent low-temperature episodes during this period not only halted but actually reversed the physiological recovery. During these spring low-temperature episodes, protective processes involved a complementary function of the PsbS and early light-induced protein thylakoid proteins. Full recovery of photosynthesis did not occur until the end of May. Our results show that even after winter cold hardening, photosynthetic activity in evergreens responds opportunistically to environmental change throughout the cold season. Therefore, climate change effects potentially improve the sink capacity of boreal forests for atmospheric carbon. However, earlier photosynthesis in spring in response to warmer temperatures is strongly constrained by environmental variation, counteracting the positive effects of an early recovery process.
WOS,
Полный текст,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Umea Univ, Dept Plant Physiol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden
Mt Allison Univ, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada
Umea Univ, Dept Biochem, S-90187 Umea, Sweden
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Ensminger, I...; Sveshnikov, D...; Campbell, D.A.; Funk, C...; Jansson, S...; Lloyd, J...; Shibistova, O...; Oquist, G...
Рубрики:
LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY
XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE
PHOTOSYSTEM-II
CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE
THYLAKOID MEMBRANES
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE
PIGMENT COMPOSITION
ENERGY-DISSIPATION
COLD-ACCLIMATION
SEASONAL-CHANGES
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
cold stress -- northern forests -- Pinus sylvestris -- photoinhibition -- seasonal variations
LIGHT-USE EFFICIENCY
XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE
PHOTOSYSTEM-II
CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE
THYLAKOID MEMBRANES
NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE
PIGMENT COMPOSITION
ENERGY-DISSIPATION
COLD-ACCLIMATION
SEASONAL-CHANGES
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
cold stress -- northern forests -- Pinus sylvestris -- photoinhibition -- seasonal variations
Аннотация: During winter and early spring, evergreen boreal conifers are severely stressed because light energy cannot be used when photosynthesis is pre-empted by low ambient temperatures. To study photosynthetic performance dynamics in a severe boreal climate, seasonal changes in photosynthetic pigments, chloroplast proteins and photochemical efficiency were studied in a Scots pine forest near Zotino, Central Siberia. In winter, downregulation of photosynthesis involved loss of chlorophylls, a twofold increase in xanthophyll cycle pigments and sustained high levels of the light stress-induced zeaxanthin pigment. The highest levels of xanthophylls and zeaxanthin did not occur during the coldest winter period, but rather in April when light was increasing, indicating an increased capacity for thermal dissipation of excitation energy at that time. Concomitantly, in early spring the D1 protein of the photosystem II (PSII) reaction centre and the light-harvesting complex of PSII dropped to their lowest annual levels. In April and May, recovery of PSII activity, chloroplast protein synthesis and rearrangements of pigments were observed as air temperatures increased above 0degreesC. Nevertheless, severe intermittent low-temperature episodes during this period not only halted but actually reversed the physiological recovery. During these spring low-temperature episodes, protective processes involved a complementary function of the PsbS and early light-induced protein thylakoid proteins. Full recovery of photosynthesis did not occur until the end of May. Our results show that even after winter cold hardening, photosynthetic activity in evergreens responds opportunistically to environmental change throughout the cold season. Therefore, climate change effects potentially improve the sink capacity of boreal forests for atmospheric carbon. However, earlier photosynthesis in spring in response to warmer temperatures is strongly constrained by environmental variation, counteracting the positive effects of an early recovery process.
WOS,
Полный текст,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Umea Univ, Dept Plant Physiol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden
Mt Allison Univ, Sackville, NB E4L 1G7, Canada
Umea Univ, Dept Biochem, S-90187 Umea, Sweden
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Ensminger, I...; Sveshnikov, D...; Campbell, D.A.; Funk, C...; Jansson, S...; Lloyd, J...; Shibistova, O...; Oquist, G...
Air temperature triggers the recovery of evergreen boreal forest photosynthesis in spring
[Text] / S. . Tanja [et al.] // Glob. Change Biol. - 2003. - Vol. 9, Is. 10. - P1410-1426, DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00597.x. - Cited References: 63
. - 17. - ISSN 1354-1013
РУБ Biodiversity Conservation + Ecology + Environmental Sciences
Аннотация: The timing of the commencement of photosynthesis (P-*) in spring is an important determinant of growing-season length and thus of the productivity of boreal forests. Although controlled experiments have shed light on environmental mechanisms triggering release from photoinhibition after winter, quantitative research for trees growing naturally in the field is scarce. In this study, we investigated the environmental cues initiating the spring recovery of boreal coniferous forest ecosystems under field conditions. We used meteorological data and above-canopy eddy covariance measurements of the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) from five field stations located in northern and southern Finland, northern and southern Sweden, and central Siberia. The within- and intersite variability for P-* was large, 30-60 days. Of the different climate variables examined, air temperature emerged as the best predictor for P-* in spring. We also found that 'soil thaw', defined as the time when near-surface soil temperature rapidly increases above 0degreesC, is not a useful criterion for P-*. In one case, photosynthesis commenced 1.5 months before soil temperatures increased significantly above 0degreesC. At most sites, we were able to determine a threshold for air-temperature-related variables, the exceeding of which was required for P-*. A 5-day running-average temperature (T-5) produced the best predictions, but a developmental-stage model (S) utilizing a modified temperature sum concept also worked well. But for both T-5 and S, the threshold values varied from site to site, perhaps reflecting genetic differences among the stands or climate-induced differences in the physiological state of trees in late winter/early spring. Only at the warmest site, in southern Sweden, could we obtain no threshold values for T-5 or S that could predict P-* reliably. This suggests that although air temperature appears to be a good predictor for P-* at high latitudes, there may be no unifying ecophysiological relationship applicable across the entire boreal zone.
WOS,
Полный текст,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Ecol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Dept Systemat & Ecol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Prod Ecol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Tanja, S...; Berninger, F...; Vesala, T...; Markkanen, T...; Hari, P...; Makela, A...; Ilvesniemi, H...; Hanninen, H...; Nikinmaa, E...; Huttula, T...; Laurila, T...; Aurela, M...; Grelle, A...; Lindroth, A...; Arneth, A...; Shibistova, O...; Lloyd, J...
Рубрики:
TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY
SCOTS PINE
CARBON BALANCE
SOIL-TEMPERATURE
SEASONAL-CHANGES
NORWAY SPRUCE
WATER-CONTENT
FROZEN SOILS
RED SPRUCE
BUD BURST
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
air temperature -- growing season -- net ecosystem exchange -- photoinhibition -- photosynthesis -- spring recovery
TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY
SCOTS PINE
CARBON BALANCE
SOIL-TEMPERATURE
SEASONAL-CHANGES
NORWAY SPRUCE
WATER-CONTENT
FROZEN SOILS
RED SPRUCE
BUD BURST
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
air temperature -- growing season -- net ecosystem exchange -- photoinhibition -- photosynthesis -- spring recovery
Аннотация: The timing of the commencement of photosynthesis (P-*) in spring is an important determinant of growing-season length and thus of the productivity of boreal forests. Although controlled experiments have shed light on environmental mechanisms triggering release from photoinhibition after winter, quantitative research for trees growing naturally in the field is scarce. In this study, we investigated the environmental cues initiating the spring recovery of boreal coniferous forest ecosystems under field conditions. We used meteorological data and above-canopy eddy covariance measurements of the net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) from five field stations located in northern and southern Finland, northern and southern Sweden, and central Siberia. The within- and intersite variability for P-* was large, 30-60 days. Of the different climate variables examined, air temperature emerged as the best predictor for P-* in spring. We also found that 'soil thaw', defined as the time when near-surface soil temperature rapidly increases above 0degreesC, is not a useful criterion for P-*. In one case, photosynthesis commenced 1.5 months before soil temperatures increased significantly above 0degreesC. At most sites, we were able to determine a threshold for air-temperature-related variables, the exceeding of which was required for P-*. A 5-day running-average temperature (T-5) produced the best predictions, but a developmental-stage model (S) utilizing a modified temperature sum concept also worked well. But for both T-5 and S, the threshold values varied from site to site, perhaps reflecting genetic differences among the stands or climate-induced differences in the physiological state of trees in late winter/early spring. Only at the warmest site, in southern Sweden, could we obtain no threshold values for T-5 or S that could predict P-* reliably. This suggests that although air temperature appears to be a good predictor for P-* at high latitudes, there may be no unifying ecophysiological relationship applicable across the entire boreal zone.
WOS,
Полный текст,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Univ Helsinki, Dept Forest Ecol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Dept Systemat & Ecol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Finnish Meteorol Inst, FIN-00101 Helsinki, Finland
Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Prod Ecol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Tanja, S...; Berninger, F...; Vesala, T...; Markkanen, T...; Hari, P...; Makela, A...; Ilvesniemi, H...; Hanninen, H...; Nikinmaa, E...; Huttula, T...; Laurila, T...; Aurela, M...; Grelle, A...; Lindroth, A...; Arneth, A...; Shibistova, O...; Lloyd, J...
Shoot-based three-dimensional model of young Scots pine growth
[Text] / V. L. Gavrikov, O. P. Sekretenko // Ecol. Model. - 1996. - Vol. 88, Is. 01.03.2013. - P183-193, DOI 10.1016/0304-3800(95)00087-9. - Cited References: 24
. - 11. - ISSN 0304-3800
РУБ Ecology
Аннотация: The aim of the research was to create an algorithm simulating height-diameter relations in a pine tree subjected to various environmental impacts. The model is based on explicit description of light competition of the Scots pine twigs in three-dimensional space. The model is empirical and results from the measurements of correlations between shoots and buds in Scots pine that were made in the field. The development of the root system is not considered by the model. In simulation experiments it was demonstrated that: (i) the stand-grown pines have a higher height/diameter ratio than an open-grown model tree; (ii) an extremely high height/diameter ratio leads the tree to death; (iii) a tree suppressed for a sufficiently long time does not respond to better conditions; (iv) the diameter growth is much more sensitive to environmental change than the height growth. The model trees had the same growth parameters in every simulation. The simulated growth reactions are accounted for by self-adjustments of the model structure to the imposed conditions.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST FOREST,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA
Доп.точки доступа:
Gavrikov, V.L.; Sekretenko, O.P.
Рубрики:
DOUGLAS-FIR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
BRANCHES
FOLIAGE
STANDS
SPRUCE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
growth, plant -- light -- morphology -- pine
DOUGLAS-FIR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
BRANCHES
FOLIAGE
STANDS
SPRUCE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
growth, plant -- light -- morphology -- pine
Аннотация: The aim of the research was to create an algorithm simulating height-diameter relations in a pine tree subjected to various environmental impacts. The model is based on explicit description of light competition of the Scots pine twigs in three-dimensional space. The model is empirical and results from the measurements of correlations between shoots and buds in Scots pine that were made in the field. The development of the root system is not considered by the model. In simulation experiments it was demonstrated that: (i) the stand-grown pines have a higher height/diameter ratio than an open-grown model tree; (ii) an extremely high height/diameter ratio leads the tree to death; (iii) a tree suppressed for a sufficiently long time does not respond to better conditions; (iv) the diameter growth is much more sensitive to environmental change than the height growth. The model trees had the same growth parameters in every simulation. The simulated growth reactions are accounted for by self-adjustments of the model structure to the imposed conditions.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST FOREST,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA
Доп.точки доступа:
Gavrikov, V.L.; Sekretenko, O.P.