: absracts / A. A. Onuchin [и др.] // Enviromis. International conference on enviromental observations, modelling and information systems, Tomsk, Russia, July 1-8, 2006: program and abstracts. - 2006. - С. 75-76
Аннотация: The runoff of some Siberian, Central Asia, and Western European rivers is modelled to analyse the relative influence of climate. The runoff data were analysed by multiple regression analysis. Thus a change of runoff formation can be used as an environmental indicator for sustainable land use. The river runoff integrates changes of land surface/atmosphere exchange processes in the entire catchment. These processes can be drastically altered by human land use change.
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр., 28
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, Alexandr Alexandrovich; Онучин, Александр Александрович; Balzter, H.; Балзтер Х.; Gaparov, K.; Гапаров К.К.; Blyth, E.; Блис Э.; Grekova, Yu.; Грекова Ю.
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Climatic and man-induced patterns of river runoff formation in Central and Northern Eurasia
Hydrological consequences of forest harvesting in boreal forests of Central Siberia
: материалы временных коллективов / T. A. Burenina, E. V. Fedotova // Boreal forests in a changing world: challenges and needs for action: Proceedings of the International conference August 15-21 2011, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. - Krasnoyarsk : V.N. Sukachev Institute of forest SB RAS, 2011. - С. 118-121. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Soil and water protection functions of boreal forests in West Sayan and Northern Priangarye are greatly effected by forest industry, firstly, timber cutting. After concentrated timber felling all ecological forest functions are changing. On the base of long time forest and hydrology investigations on cuts and in secondary forest an estimation of water balance was made taking into account forest structure change during regeneration succsssion. Obtained data showed soil erosion rate depending on soil properties, topography, and moisture conditions, the latter determining surface runoff development.
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Fedotova, Elena Viktorovna; Федотова, Елена Викторовна; Буренина, Тамара Анисимовна
Аннотация: Soil and water protection functions of boreal forests in West Sayan and Northern Priangarye are greatly effected by forest industry, firstly, timber cutting. After concentrated timber felling all ecological forest functions are changing. On the base of long time forest and hydrology investigations on cuts and in secondary forest an estimation of water balance was made taking into account forest structure change during regeneration succsssion. Obtained data showed soil erosion rate depending on soil properties, topography, and moisture conditions, the latter determining surface runoff development.
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28
Доп.точки доступа:
Fedotova, Elena Viktorovna; Федотова, Елена Викторовна; Буренина, Тамара Анисимовна
Pyrogenic Disturbances of the Hydrothermic Regime of Cryogenic Soils under Light Coniferous Forests in Southeastern Siberia
/ M. D. Evdokimenko // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2013. - Vol. 46, Is. 2. - P117-126, DOI 10.1134/S106422931302004X. - Cited References: 21
. - 10. - ISSN 1064-2293
РУБ Soil Science
Аннотация: Pyrogenic transformations of the physical state of cryogenic soils in the southern and middle taiga were investigated. The long-term dynamics of the microclimate on burns and the soil temperature and moisture to the depth of 120 cm were studied. Data on the postfire restoration of the ground cover are presented. Experiments on artificial sprinkling of burned areas differing in the degree of the burning out of the forest litter, the slope gradient, etc., have been performed. An experimental model demonstrating the relationships between the surface runoff and five environmental factors has been proposed. The pyrogenic destruction of the ground cover and the lower phytocenosis layers was accompanied by significant disturbances of the microclimate and anomalous thawing of the permafrost on the burns. In the pine stand on the colluvial fan after the intense fire, the soil temperature at the depth of 10 cm ( in the summer) exceeded the control value by 3-5 degrees C; in the larch forest on the southern slope of the Stanovoi Ridge, it increased by 1.5-2.0 times after the fire of medium intensity. On the mountain slopes, the surface runoff was significantly intensified, which resulted in drastic environmental and silvicultural consequences.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Evdokimenko, M.D.
Аннотация: Pyrogenic transformations of the physical state of cryogenic soils in the southern and middle taiga were investigated. The long-term dynamics of the microclimate on burns and the soil temperature and moisture to the depth of 120 cm were studied. Data on the postfire restoration of the ground cover are presented. Experiments on artificial sprinkling of burned areas differing in the degree of the burning out of the forest litter, the slope gradient, etc., have been performed. An experimental model demonstrating the relationships between the surface runoff and five environmental factors has been proposed. The pyrogenic destruction of the ground cover and the lower phytocenosis layers was accompanied by significant disturbances of the microclimate and anomalous thawing of the permafrost on the burns. In the pine stand on the colluvial fan after the intense fire, the soil temperature at the depth of 10 cm ( in the summer) exceeded the control value by 3-5 degrees C; in the larch forest on the southern slope of the Stanovoi Ridge, it increased by 1.5-2.0 times after the fire of medium intensity. On the mountain slopes, the surface runoff was significantly intensified, which resulted in drastic environmental and silvicultural consequences.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Evdokimenko, M.D.
Sources and the flux pattern of dissolved carbon in rivers of the Yenisey basin draining the Central Siberian Plateau
[Text] / A. S. Prokushkin [et al.] // Environ. Res. Lett. - 2011. - Vol. 6, Is. 4. - Ст. 45212, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045212. - Cited References: 63. - This work was supported by the joint US-Russia program between the RFBR and CRDF through grants 10-05-92513 and RUG1-2980-KR-10. Additional support was provided by joint Russian-French Programmes EC2CO, Environement Cotier PNEC and GDRI CAR-WET-SIB, ANR 'Arctic metals' and grant 11.G34.31.0014 of Russian Ministry of higher education and science. We greatly thank Sergey Tenishev for assistance with sample collection during harsh winter and spring periods, and Vladimir Ivanov who provided invaluable daily discharge data for the Nizhnyaya Tunguska and Tembenchi Rivers. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their fruitful and constructive comments that allowed improving greatly the quality of presentation.
. - 14. - ISSN 1748-9326
РУБ Environmental Sciences + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Аннотация: Frequent measurements of dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic (DIC) carbon concentrations in rivers during snowmelt, the entire ice-free season, and winter were made in five large watersheds (15 000-174 000 km(2)) of the Central Siberian Plateau (Yenisey River basin). These differ in the degree of continuous permafrost coverage, mean annual air temperature, and the proportion of tundra and forest vegetation. With an annual DOC export from the catchment areas of 2.8-4.7 gC m(-2) as compared to an annual DIC export of 1.0-2.8 gC m(-2), DOC was the dominant component of terrigenous C released to rivers. There was strong temporal variation in the discharge of DOC and DIC. Like for other rivers of the pan-arctic and boreal zones, snowmelt dominated annual fluxes, being 55-71% for water runoff, 64-82% for DOC and 37-41% for DIC. Likewise, DOC and DIC exhibited also a strong spatial variation in C fluxes, with both dissolved C species decreasing from south to north. The rivers of the southern part of the plateau had the largest flow-weighted DOC concentrations among those previously reported for Siberian rivers, but the smallest flow-weighted DIC concentrations. In the study area, DOC and DIC fluxes were negatively correlated with the distribution of continuous permafrost and positively correlated with mean annual air temperature. A synthesis of literature data shows similar trends from west to east, with an eastward decrease of dissolved C concentrations and an increased proportion of DOC in the total dissolved C flux. It appears that there are two contemporary limitations for river export of terrigenous C across Siberia: (1) low productivity of ecosystems with respect to potentially mobilizable organic C, slow weathering rates with concomitant small formation of bicarbonate, and/or wildfire disturbance limit the pools of organic and inorganic C that can be mobilized for transport in rivers (source-limited), and (2) mobilization of available pools of C is constrained by low precipitation in the severe continental climate of interior Siberia (transport-limited). Climate warming may reduce the source limitation by enhancing primary production and weathering rates, while causes leading to surmounting the transport limitation remain debatable due to uncertainties in predictions of precipitation trends and other likely sources of reported increase of river discharges.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Prokushkin, A. S.
Korets, M. A.
Prokushkin, S. G.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, O. S.
Shirokova, L. S.
Viers, J.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, LMTG OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Amon, R. M. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77553 USA
[Guggenberger, G.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Bodenkunde, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
[McDowell, W. H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA
Доп.точки доступа:
Prokushkin, A.S.; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Shirokova, L.S.; Korets, M.A.; Viers, J...; Prokushkin, S.G.; Amon, RMW; Guggenberger, G...; McDowell, W.H.
Рубрики:
ORGANIC-CARBON
CONTINUOUS PERMAFROST
NORTHERN SIBERIA
TRACE-ELEMENTS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
ARCTIC-OCEAN
WATER
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
GENERATION
SPECIATION
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
dissolved carbon -- riverine flux -- permafrost -- Central Siberian Plateau
ORGANIC-CARBON
CONTINUOUS PERMAFROST
NORTHERN SIBERIA
TRACE-ELEMENTS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
ARCTIC-OCEAN
WATER
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
GENERATION
SPECIATION
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
dissolved carbon -- riverine flux -- permafrost -- Central Siberian Plateau
Аннотация: Frequent measurements of dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic (DIC) carbon concentrations in rivers during snowmelt, the entire ice-free season, and winter were made in five large watersheds (15 000-174 000 km(2)) of the Central Siberian Plateau (Yenisey River basin). These differ in the degree of continuous permafrost coverage, mean annual air temperature, and the proportion of tundra and forest vegetation. With an annual DOC export from the catchment areas of 2.8-4.7 gC m(-2) as compared to an annual DIC export of 1.0-2.8 gC m(-2), DOC was the dominant component of terrigenous C released to rivers. There was strong temporal variation in the discharge of DOC and DIC. Like for other rivers of the pan-arctic and boreal zones, snowmelt dominated annual fluxes, being 55-71% for water runoff, 64-82% for DOC and 37-41% for DIC. Likewise, DOC and DIC exhibited also a strong spatial variation in C fluxes, with both dissolved C species decreasing from south to north. The rivers of the southern part of the plateau had the largest flow-weighted DOC concentrations among those previously reported for Siberian rivers, but the smallest flow-weighted DIC concentrations. In the study area, DOC and DIC fluxes were negatively correlated with the distribution of continuous permafrost and positively correlated with mean annual air temperature. A synthesis of literature data shows similar trends from west to east, with an eastward decrease of dissolved C concentrations and an increased proportion of DOC in the total dissolved C flux. It appears that there are two contemporary limitations for river export of terrigenous C across Siberia: (1) low productivity of ecosystems with respect to potentially mobilizable organic C, slow weathering rates with concomitant small formation of bicarbonate, and/or wildfire disturbance limit the pools of organic and inorganic C that can be mobilized for transport in rivers (source-limited), and (2) mobilization of available pools of C is constrained by low precipitation in the severe continental climate of interior Siberia (transport-limited). Climate warming may reduce the source limitation by enhancing primary production and weathering rates, while causes leading to surmounting the transport limitation remain debatable due to uncertainties in predictions of precipitation trends and other likely sources of reported increase of river discharges.
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Prokushkin, A. S.
Korets, M. A.
Prokushkin, S. G.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, O. S.
Shirokova, L. S.
Viers, J.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, LMTG OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Amon, R. M. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77553 USA
[Guggenberger, G.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Bodenkunde, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
[McDowell, W. H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA
Доп.точки доступа:
Prokushkin, A.S.; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Shirokova, L.S.; Korets, M.A.; Viers, J...; Prokushkin, S.G.; Amon, RMW; Guggenberger, G...; McDowell, W.H.
Forest-ecological consequences of fires in light conifer forests of Transbaikalia
[Text] / M. D. Yevdokimenko // Russ. J. Ecol. - 2011. - Vol. 42, Is. 3. - P205-210, DOI 10.1134/S1067413611030052. - Cited References: 17. - This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic research, project no. 08-04-00027.
. - 6. - ISSN 1067-4136
РУБ Ecology
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
pine forests -- larch forests -- fires -- die-off -- recruitment -- hydrothermal regime -- precipitation runoff -- digression
Аннотация: Consideration is given to the results of studies on the postfire dynamics of Transbaikal forests, which are formed under conditions of highly arid climate and extreme pyrological regime. Data are presented on tree die-off and recruitment in naturally burned forests and in test stands affected by creeping fires differing in intensity. The hydrothermal regime of soils, precipitation runoff, and its multifactor models are discussed. It is shown that fires aggravate moisture deficiency on mountain slopes, impair the productivity of tree stands, and cause their digression. The statistics of forest fires and the risk of lightning fires are analyzed.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Yevdokimenko, M.D.
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
pine forests -- larch forests -- fires -- die-off -- recruitment -- hydrothermal regime -- precipitation runoff -- digression
Аннотация: Consideration is given to the results of studies on the postfire dynamics of Transbaikal forests, which are formed under conditions of highly arid climate and extreme pyrological regime. Data are presented on tree die-off and recruitment in naturally burned forests and in test stands affected by creeping fires differing in intensity. The hydrothermal regime of soils, precipitation runoff, and its multifactor models are discussed. It is shown that fires aggravate moisture deficiency on mountain slopes, impair the productivity of tree stands, and cause their digression. The statistics of forest fires and the risk of lightning fires are analyzed.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Yevdokimenko, M.D.
Forest harvesting influence on river runoff in the Lower Angara region
[Text] / A. . Onuchin, T. . Burenina ; ed.: J Krope, Krope, J // ADVANCED TOPICS ON WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD IASME/WSEAS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS AND HYDROLOGY (WHH '08). Ser. Mathematics and Computers in Science and Engineering : WORLD SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING ACAD AND SOC, 2008. - 3rd IASME/WSEAS International Conference on Water Resources, Hydraulics and Hydrology (FEB 23-25, 2008, Cambridge, ENGLAND). - P131-133. - Cited References: 6
. - 3. - ISBN 978-960-6766-37-4
РУБ Engineering, Civil + Water Resources
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
hydrological regime -- precipitation -- evaporation -- river flow -- river catchments -- clear cuts -- forest logging
Аннотация: Siberian Rivers account for a great part of water discharge into the Arctic Ocean. Along with the regional climate and the presence permafrost, hydrological processes occurring in catchments of the boreal taiga rivers are controlled by forest harvesting levels. Forests of the Lower Angara region have been harvested extensively over the past fifty years. As a result, forest area has been reduced and forest age structure and composition have changed. These changes are reflected in the natural water budget structure and hydrological regimes of areas. The study revealed that hydrological effects of forest logging conducted in Siberia characterized by a highly continental climate and, hence, severe forest growing conditions differ from those observed for the European Russia.
WOS
Держатели документа:
[Onuchin, Alexander
Burenina, Tamara] Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A...; Burenina, T...; Krope, J \ed.\
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
hydrological regime -- precipitation -- evaporation -- river flow -- river catchments -- clear cuts -- forest logging
Аннотация: Siberian Rivers account for a great part of water discharge into the Arctic Ocean. Along with the regional climate and the presence permafrost, hydrological processes occurring in catchments of the boreal taiga rivers are controlled by forest harvesting levels. Forests of the Lower Angara region have been harvested extensively over the past fifty years. As a result, forest area has been reduced and forest age structure and composition have changed. These changes are reflected in the natural water budget structure and hydrological regimes of areas. The study revealed that hydrological effects of forest logging conducted in Siberia characterized by a highly continental climate and, hence, severe forest growing conditions differ from those observed for the European Russia.
WOS
Держатели документа:
[Onuchin, Alexander
Burenina, Tamara] Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A...; Burenina, T...; Krope, J \ed.\
Long-term variation of precipitations, River Selenga runoff and Lake Baikal level recorded by tree-rings of pine
[Текст] / S. G. Andreev [и др.] // Dokl. Akad. Nauk. - 1999. - Vol. 368, Is. 3. - С. 400-403. - Cited References: 8
. - 4. - ISSN 0869-5652
РУБ Multidisciplinary Sciences
WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Baikal Inst Nat Resources, Ulan Ude, Russia
VN Sukachev Forestry Inst, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Andreev, S.G.; Vaganov, E.A.; Naurzbaev, M.M.; Tulokhonov, A.K.
WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Baikal Inst Nat Resources, Ulan Ude, Russia
VN Sukachev Forestry Inst, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Andreev, S.G.; Vaganov, E.A.; Naurzbaev, M.M.; Tulokhonov, A.K.
Climatic and geographic patterns of river runoff formation in Northern Eurasia
[Text] / A. . Onuchin [et al.] // Adv. Water Resour. - 2006. - Vol. 29, Is. 9. - P1314-1327, DOI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.10.006. - Cited References: 28
. - 14. - ISSN 0309-1708
РУБ Water Resources
Аннотация: Siberian rivers are of global importance as they impact on the freshwater budget of the Arctic Ocean, which affects the Thermo-Haline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean. Siberian rivers, in particular the tributaries to the larger rivers, are under-represented in the international river-regime databases. The runoff of three Russian rivers in the Central Siberian taiga (Kureyka, Karabula and Erba) is modelled to analyse the relative influence of climate. In addition three rivers (Rhine, Maas and Odra) in Western Europe are similarly assessed as a control. The results show that the role of precipitation and autocorrelation as factors in the formation of river runoff is stronger under oceanic climate conditions, increasing from the central regions of Northern Eurasia towards the Arctic Ocean in the North and the Atlantic in the West. At the same time the influence of summer temperatures is weakened. The formation of Northern Eurasian river runoff appears to be influenced by periodically thawing top horizons of permafrost soil. Time served as an indicator for land use change after inclusion of meteorological data in the models. Maas and Erba showed a significant influence of the time factor. For the Erba the onset of agricultural land use in the catchment coincides with a drop in runoff. A similar causal relationship is suggested for the Maas. Land use can change the formation of runoff, which in turn can be used as an environmental indicator for sustainable land use. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Climate & Land Surface Syst Interact Ctr, Huntingdon PE28 2LS, Cambs, England
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
CEH, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A...; Balzter, H...; Borisova, H...; Blyth, E...
Рубрики:
LAND-USE
DISCHARGE
MEUSE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
river runoff -- land use -- Siberia -- river discharge -- climatology -- permafrost
LAND-USE
DISCHARGE
MEUSE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
river runoff -- land use -- Siberia -- river discharge -- climatology -- permafrost
Аннотация: Siberian rivers are of global importance as they impact on the freshwater budget of the Arctic Ocean, which affects the Thermo-Haline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean. Siberian rivers, in particular the tributaries to the larger rivers, are under-represented in the international river-regime databases. The runoff of three Russian rivers in the Central Siberian taiga (Kureyka, Karabula and Erba) is modelled to analyse the relative influence of climate. In addition three rivers (Rhine, Maas and Odra) in Western Europe are similarly assessed as a control. The results show that the role of precipitation and autocorrelation as factors in the formation of river runoff is stronger under oceanic climate conditions, increasing from the central regions of Northern Eurasia towards the Arctic Ocean in the North and the Atlantic in the West. At the same time the influence of summer temperatures is weakened. The formation of Northern Eurasian river runoff appears to be influenced by periodically thawing top horizons of permafrost soil. Time served as an indicator for land use change after inclusion of meteorological data in the models. Maas and Erba showed a significant influence of the time factor. For the Erba the onset of agricultural land use in the catchment coincides with a drop in runoff. A similar causal relationship is suggested for the Maas. Land use can change the formation of runoff, which in turn can be used as an environmental indicator for sustainable land use. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Полный текст,
WOS,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Climate & Land Surface Syst Interact Ctr, Huntingdon PE28 2LS, Cambs, England
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
CEH, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A...; Balzter, H...; Borisova, H...; Blyth, E...
Permafrost and fire as regulators of stream chemistry in basins of the Central Siberian Plateau
[Text] / L. M. Parham [et al.] // Biogeochemistry. - 2013. - Vol. 116, Is. 01.03.2014. - P55-68, DOI 10.1007/s10533-013-9922-5. - Cited References: 33. - This work was supported by joint US-Russia program between the RFBR and CRDF through Grants 10-05-92513 and RUG1-2980-KR-10, ANR, GDRI "CAR WET SIB", Grants RFBR-CNRS 08-04-92495 and BIO-GEO-CLIM of MinObrNauki and BIO-GEO-CLIM of Russian Ministry of Science and Education (14.B25.31.0001).
. - 14. - ISSN 0168-2563
РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Аннотация: Stream chemistry in permafrost regions is regulated by a variety of drivers that affect hydrologic flowpaths and watershed carbon and nutrient dynamics. Here we examine the extent to which seasonal dynamics of soil active layer thickness and wildfires regulate solute concentration in streams of the continuous permafrost region of the Central Siberian Plateau. Samples were collected from 2006 to 2012 during the frost-free season (May-September) from sixteen watersheds with fire histories ranging from 3 to 120 years. The influence of permafrost was evident through significantly higher dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the spring, when only the organic soil horizon was accessible to runoff. As the active layer deepened through the growing season, water was routed deeper through the underlying mineral horizon where DOC underwent adsorption and concentrations decreased. In contrast, mean concentrations of major cations (Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+) were significantly higher in the summer, when contact with mineral horizons in the active zone provided a source of cations. Wildfire caused significantly lower concentrations of DOC in more recently burned watersheds, due to removal of a source of DOC through combustion of the organic layer. An opposite trend was observed for dissolved inorganic carbon and major cations in more recently burned watersheds. There was also indication of talik presence in three of the larger watersheds evidenced by Cl- concentrations that were ten times higher than those of other watersheds. Because climate change affects both fire recurrence intervals as well as rates of permafrost degradation, delineating their combined effects on solute concentration allows forecasting of the evolution of biogeochemical cycles in this region in the future.
WOS,
Полный текст,
Scopus,
Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Parham, Lucy M.
McDowell, William H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Coll Life Sci & Agr, Durham, NH 03824 USA
[Prokushkin, Anatoly S.
Titov, Sergey V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, Oleg. S.] Univ Toulouse, CNRS IRD OMP, Geosci Environm Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Grekova, Ekaterina] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
[Shirokova, Liudmila S.] UroRAS, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Parham, L.M.; Prokushkin, A.S.; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Titov, S.V.; Grekova, E...; Shirokova, L.S.; McDowell, W.H.; RFBR; CRDF [10-05-92513, RUG1-2980-KR-10]; ANR; GDRI "CAR WET SIB"; MinObrNauki [RFBR-CNRS 08-04-92495, BIO-GEO-CLIM]; BIO-GEO-CLIM of Russian Ministry of Science and Education [14.B25.31.0001]
Рубрики:
DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON
RIVER DISCHARGE
WESTERN SIBERIA
FOREST-FIRE
CO2 FLUX
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
IMPACT
SOIL
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Dissolved carbon -- Major ions -- Permafrost -- Wildfire -- Central Siberia
DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON
RIVER DISCHARGE
WESTERN SIBERIA
FOREST-FIRE
CO2 FLUX
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
IMPACT
SOIL
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Dissolved carbon -- Major ions -- Permafrost -- Wildfire -- Central Siberia
Аннотация: Stream chemistry in permafrost regions is regulated by a variety of drivers that affect hydrologic flowpaths and watershed carbon and nutrient dynamics. Here we examine the extent to which seasonal dynamics of soil active layer thickness and wildfires regulate solute concentration in streams of the continuous permafrost region of the Central Siberian Plateau. Samples were collected from 2006 to 2012 during the frost-free season (May-September) from sixteen watersheds with fire histories ranging from 3 to 120 years. The influence of permafrost was evident through significantly higher dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the spring, when only the organic soil horizon was accessible to runoff. As the active layer deepened through the growing season, water was routed deeper through the underlying mineral horizon where DOC underwent adsorption and concentrations decreased. In contrast, mean concentrations of major cations (Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+) were significantly higher in the summer, when contact with mineral horizons in the active zone provided a source of cations. Wildfire caused significantly lower concentrations of DOC in more recently burned watersheds, due to removal of a source of DOC through combustion of the organic layer. An opposite trend was observed for dissolved inorganic carbon and major cations in more recently burned watersheds. There was also indication of talik presence in three of the larger watersheds evidenced by Cl- concentrations that were ten times higher than those of other watersheds. Because climate change affects both fire recurrence intervals as well as rates of permafrost degradation, delineating their combined effects on solute concentration allows forecasting of the evolution of biogeochemical cycles in this region in the future.
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Полный текст,
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Scopus
Держатели документа:
[Parham, Lucy M.
McDowell, William H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Coll Life Sci & Agr, Durham, NH 03824 USA
[Prokushkin, Anatoly S.
Titov, Sergey V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, Oleg. S.] Univ Toulouse, CNRS IRD OMP, Geosci Environm Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Grekova, Ekaterina] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
[Shirokova, Liudmila S.] UroRAS, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia
Доп.точки доступа:
Parham, L.M.; Prokushkin, A.S.; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Titov, S.V.; Grekova, E...; Shirokova, L.S.; McDowell, W.H.; RFBR; CRDF [10-05-92513, RUG1-2980-KR-10]; ANR; GDRI "CAR WET SIB"; MinObrNauki [RFBR-CNRS 08-04-92495, BIO-GEO-CLIM]; BIO-GEO-CLIM of Russian Ministry of Science and Education [14.B25.31.0001]
Transformation of soil-protective functions of mountain forests under the influence of forest fires in the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory
/ Y. N. Krasnoshchekov // Geography and Natural Resources. - 2013. - Vol. 34, Is. 4. - P356-363, DOI 10.1134/S1875372813040094
. - ISSN 1875-3728
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
central ecological zone -- fires of the litter-humus type -- liquid and solid overland runoff -- mountain forests -- soil-protective functions of mountain forests -- water permeability of soils
Аннотация: An analysis is made of the data from experimental investigations into the influence of fires on changes in the soil-protective functions of Siberian stone pine and pine forests in the southern part of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory. The study revealed a negative influence of ground fires of the litter-humus type on changes in reserves and qualitative functional composition of forest litter and its moisture retention capacity as well as in water-physical properties of soils. Quantitative indices are provided for the liquid and solid overland runoff forming in burnt-over areas, depending on slope steepness, and on the intensity and temporal remoteness of past fires. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
Scopus,
Полный текст
Держатели документа:
Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
central ecological zone -- fires of the litter-humus type -- liquid and solid overland runoff -- mountain forests -- soil-protective functions of mountain forests -- water permeability of soils
Аннотация: An analysis is made of the data from experimental investigations into the influence of fires on changes in the soil-protective functions of Siberian stone pine and pine forests in the southern part of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory. The study revealed a negative influence of ground fires of the litter-humus type on changes in reserves and qualitative functional composition of forest litter and its moisture retention capacity as well as in water-physical properties of soils. Quantitative indices are provided for the liquid and solid overland runoff forming in burnt-over areas, depending on slope steepness, and on the intensity and temporal remoteness of past fires. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
Scopus,
Полный текст
Держатели документа:
Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.
Land use impacts on river hydrological regimes in Northern Asia
/ A. Onuchin [et al.] // IAHS-AISH Publication. - 2009. - Vol. 331: Symposium JS.4 at the Joint Convention of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, IAHS and the International Association of Hydrogeologists, IAH (6 September 2009 through 12 September 2009, Hyderabad) Conference code: 83573. - P163-170
. -
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Afforestation -- Clear cuts -- Forest logging -- Hydrological regime -- Precipitation -- River catchments -- River flow -- Afforestation -- Clear cuts -- Forest logging -- Hydrological regime -- Precipitation -- River catchments -- River flow -- Catchments -- Decision making -- Groundwater -- Hydrogeology -- Land use -- Landforms -- Reforestation -- Runoff -- Stream flow -- Water resources -- Watersheds -- Rivers -- afforestation -- assessment method -- catchment -- clearcutting -- decision making -- environmental indicator -- human activity -- hydrological regime -- hydrology -- land cover -- land use change -- logging (geophysics) -- regional climate -- river flow -- runoff -- sustainability -- water quality -- watershed -- Siberia
Аннотация: River flow is vitally important to many human activities. River flow is influenced by climatic and land-cover changes. Land-use practices have a significant effect on water flow and quality. Land use can change surface runoff, which in turn can be used as an environmental indicator of a land use level of sustamability. Along with the regional climate, hydrological processes occurring in river basins in Siberia and mountainous Kyrgyzia are controlled by forest logging and afforestation. The method used to analyse annual river flow genesis to date allowed the onset of, and assessment of, the level of human activities in the watersheds. Moreover, river flow genesis can be used in land use decision-making. River flow reflects all watershed changes, which can have opposite effects, thus compensating for each other. This study confirmed that river flow changes in time, thus reflecting land cover changes in watersheds. Copyright В© 2009 IAHS Press.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036, Academgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
P. A. Gan Institute of Forest and Nut Plantation, Kyrgyzian Academy of Sciences, Kargachevaya rosha, 15, 720015, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A.; Burenina, T.; Gaparov, K.; Ziryukina, N.
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Afforestation -- Clear cuts -- Forest logging -- Hydrological regime -- Precipitation -- River catchments -- River flow -- Afforestation -- Clear cuts -- Forest logging -- Hydrological regime -- Precipitation -- River catchments -- River flow -- Catchments -- Decision making -- Groundwater -- Hydrogeology -- Land use -- Landforms -- Reforestation -- Runoff -- Stream flow -- Water resources -- Watersheds -- Rivers -- afforestation -- assessment method -- catchment -- clearcutting -- decision making -- environmental indicator -- human activity -- hydrological regime -- hydrology -- land cover -- land use change -- logging (geophysics) -- regional climate -- river flow -- runoff -- sustainability -- water quality -- watershed -- Siberia
Аннотация: River flow is vitally important to many human activities. River flow is influenced by climatic and land-cover changes. Land-use practices have a significant effect on water flow and quality. Land use can change surface runoff, which in turn can be used as an environmental indicator of a land use level of sustamability. Along with the regional climate, hydrological processes occurring in river basins in Siberia and mountainous Kyrgyzia are controlled by forest logging and afforestation. The method used to analyse annual river flow genesis to date allowed the onset of, and assessment of, the level of human activities in the watersheds. Moreover, river flow genesis can be used in land use decision-making. River flow reflects all watershed changes, which can have opposite effects, thus compensating for each other. This study confirmed that river flow changes in time, thus reflecting land cover changes in watersheds. Copyright В© 2009 IAHS Press.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036, Academgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
P. A. Gan Institute of Forest and Nut Plantation, Kyrgyzian Academy of Sciences, Kargachevaya rosha, 15, 720015, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A.; Burenina, T.; Gaparov, K.; Ziryukina, N.
GIS-based tool to determine streamside forest shelterbelt width
/ M. Korets, A. Onuchin // IAHS-AISH Publication. - 2009. - Vol. 331: Symposium JS.4 at the Joint Convention of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences, IAHS and the International Association of Hydrogeologists, IAH (6 September 2009 through 12 September 2009, Hyderabad) Conference code: 83573. - P510-513
. -
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Central Siberia -- DEM -- GIS -- Streamside forest shelterbelt -- Surface runoff -- DEM -- GIS -- SIBERIA -- Streamside forest shelterbelt -- Surface runoff -- Algorithms -- Groundwater -- Hydrogeology -- Reservoirs (water) -- Runoff -- Surface structure -- Water pollution -- Water quality -- Water resources -- Rivers -- algorithm -- assessment method -- basin management -- empirical analysis -- forest ecosystem -- GIS -- hydrology -- infiltration -- integrated approach -- landscape -- pollution -- runoff -- shelterbelt -- slope -- software -- spatial analysis -- stream -- three-dimensional modeling -- water quality -- water resource -- Yenisei Basin -- Sandfly fever sicilian virus
Аннотация: Forest areas can intercept surface runoff from upslope bare areas and transfer it to interflow. Therefore, planting protective forests along the banks of rivers, reservoirs, and lakes preserves natural water sources from pollution. Depending on the particular landscape conditions, the streamside forest shelterbelt (SFS) width is often either wider or narrower than the ecologically substantiated width. As a result, either water quality worsens or the ecologically unjustified prohibition of forest use leads to economic losses. The assessment of SFS width using GIS technologies allows considerable simplification of evaluation procedures and their application in practice. DEM processing is integrated into most modern GIS software packages. For example, the popular ESRI ArcGIS package with its Spatial Analyst module provides extra options for calculating a series of relief-based hydrological features, which include calculation procedures for surface flow direction, length of flow-producing slopes and surface flow accumulations. Two algorithms for GIS-based SFS construction were tested for several rivers of the Yenisei basin and Krasnoyarsk Reservoir, Siberia. The first algorithm is technically simple and based on empirical equations of runoff slope length, slope steepness and soil infiltration. The second one includes a three-dimensional flow accumulation procedure and thus it is more sensitive to real surface structure. Both algorithms are ready to be used in practice. The results obtained indicate that, on average, the SFS width along banks of large rivers might be reduced, while in some cases it should be widened along the banks of small streams. Copyright В© 2009 IAHS Press.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/28, Akademgorodok, 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Korets, M.; Onuchin, A.
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Central Siberia -- DEM -- GIS -- Streamside forest shelterbelt -- Surface runoff -- DEM -- GIS -- SIBERIA -- Streamside forest shelterbelt -- Surface runoff -- Algorithms -- Groundwater -- Hydrogeology -- Reservoirs (water) -- Runoff -- Surface structure -- Water pollution -- Water quality -- Water resources -- Rivers -- algorithm -- assessment method -- basin management -- empirical analysis -- forest ecosystem -- GIS -- hydrology -- infiltration -- integrated approach -- landscape -- pollution -- runoff -- shelterbelt -- slope -- software -- spatial analysis -- stream -- three-dimensional modeling -- water quality -- water resource -- Yenisei Basin -- Sandfly fever sicilian virus
Аннотация: Forest areas can intercept surface runoff from upslope bare areas and transfer it to interflow. Therefore, planting protective forests along the banks of rivers, reservoirs, and lakes preserves natural water sources from pollution. Depending on the particular landscape conditions, the streamside forest shelterbelt (SFS) width is often either wider or narrower than the ecologically substantiated width. As a result, either water quality worsens or the ecologically unjustified prohibition of forest use leads to economic losses. The assessment of SFS width using GIS technologies allows considerable simplification of evaluation procedures and their application in practice. DEM processing is integrated into most modern GIS software packages. For example, the popular ESRI ArcGIS package with its Spatial Analyst module provides extra options for calculating a series of relief-based hydrological features, which include calculation procedures for surface flow direction, length of flow-producing slopes and surface flow accumulations. Two algorithms for GIS-based SFS construction were tested for several rivers of the Yenisei basin and Krasnoyarsk Reservoir, Siberia. The first algorithm is technically simple and based on empirical equations of runoff slope length, slope steepness and soil infiltration. The second one includes a three-dimensional flow accumulation procedure and thus it is more sensitive to real surface structure. Both algorithms are ready to be used in practice. The results obtained indicate that, on average, the SFS width along banks of large rivers might be reduced, while in some cases it should be widened along the banks of small streams. Copyright В© 2009 IAHS Press.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/28, Akademgorodok, 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Korets, M.; Onuchin, A.
The hydrological role of forests in Siberia
/ A. A. Onuchin, T. A. Burenina // Trends in Water Resour. Res. - 2008. - P67-92
. - ISBN 9781604560381 (ISBN)
Аннотация: There are many aspects of the hydrological role of forest ecosystems. It includes the forest effect on transformation and spatial distribution of precipitation and snow-cover, regulating of runoff, soil evaporation and evapotranspiration. Scientific research in boreal forests of Siberia (Sayn, Prybaikalje, Enisey chain of hills, plateau Putorana) showed that 1-5% of snow is caught by crown of deciduous stands and 10-45% - by crowns of coniferous. As for summer precipitation it was obtained that 8-27% of precipitation is caught by crown of deciduous stands and 15-40% - by crowns of coniferous. Siberian rivers are of global importance as they impact on the fresh water budget of the Arctic Ocean. Formation of Siberian rivers runoff and its season dynamics depends on forest vegetation to a considerable extent. Many rivers of Southern taiga and mountain regions drain areas of land that experienced a dramatic land-cover change, with a decrease in overall forest area and a relative increase in deciduous trees. Land cover change in forest catchments (cutting down, wild fires) impact on water balance and water-protective functions of forest. Scientific research in Prybaikalje showed that restoration of water protective and, in particular, erosion- protective functions of forest after cuttings on separate slopes and in large catchments occur differently. The idea of ranging catchments according to hierarchical levels was used to make a deep analysis of erosion- protective and water- protective forest functions for the territorial units of different ranks. Date obtained by different methods was generalized and the elements of the system analysis and mathematical modeling of water- protective, water- regulating and soil- protective forest functions were used. В© 2008 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Br., Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A.A.; Burenina, T.A.
Аннотация: There are many aspects of the hydrological role of forest ecosystems. It includes the forest effect on transformation and spatial distribution of precipitation and snow-cover, regulating of runoff, soil evaporation and evapotranspiration. Scientific research in boreal forests of Siberia (Sayn, Prybaikalje, Enisey chain of hills, plateau Putorana) showed that 1-5% of snow is caught by crown of deciduous stands and 10-45% - by crowns of coniferous. As for summer precipitation it was obtained that 8-27% of precipitation is caught by crown of deciduous stands and 15-40% - by crowns of coniferous. Siberian rivers are of global importance as they impact on the fresh water budget of the Arctic Ocean. Formation of Siberian rivers runoff and its season dynamics depends on forest vegetation to a considerable extent. Many rivers of Southern taiga and mountain regions drain areas of land that experienced a dramatic land-cover change, with a decrease in overall forest area and a relative increase in deciduous trees. Land cover change in forest catchments (cutting down, wild fires) impact on water balance and water-protective functions of forest. Scientific research in Prybaikalje showed that restoration of water protective and, in particular, erosion- protective functions of forest after cuttings on separate slopes and in large catchments occur differently. The idea of ranging catchments according to hierarchical levels was used to make a deep analysis of erosion- protective and water- protective forest functions for the territorial units of different ranks. Date obtained by different methods was generalized and the elements of the system analysis and mathematical modeling of water- protective, water- regulating and soil- protective forest functions were used. В© 2008 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Br., Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, A.A.; Burenina, T.A.
Evapotranspiration in Northern Eurasia: Impact of forcing uncertainties on terrestrial ecosystem model estimates
[Text] / Y. L. Liu [et al.] // J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. - 2015. - Vol. 120, Is. 7. - P2647-2660, DOI 10.1002/2014JD022531. - Cited References:61. - This research is supported by the NASA Land Use and Land Cover Change program (NASA-NNX09AI26G, NN-H-04-Z-YS-005-N, and NNX09AM55G); the Department of Energy (DE-FG02-08ER64599); the National Science Foundation (NSF-1028291, NSF-0919331, and AGS 0847472); and the NSF Carbon and Water in the Earth Program (NSF-0630319). D.G.M. acknowledges financial support from The Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) Veni grant 863.14.004. We acknowledge the Global Runoff Data Centre for the provision of the gauge station data. Runoff data in Peterson et al. [2002] were obtained from the R-ArcticNet database. A special acknowledgment is made to Brigitte Mueller and Martin Hirschi for the provision of the LandFlux-EVAL data set. Eddy covariance measurements were obtained from http://www.asianflux.com and http://gaia.agraria.unitus.it/, and meteorological station measurements were taken from ECA&D and CMA. We also acknowledge the different institutes developing and distributing the forcing climate data: University of East Anglia, ECMWF, NASA, NCEP/NCAR, and Princeton University. For model input files, source codes, and results, contact Q.Z.
. - ISSN 2169-897X. - ISSN 2169-8996
РУБ Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Аннотация: The ecosystems in Northern Eurasia (NE) play an important role in the global water cycle and the climate system. While evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical variable to understand this role, ET over this region remains largely unstudied. Using an improved version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model with five widely used forcing data sets, we examine the impact that uncertainties in climate forcing data have on the magnitude, variability, and dominant climatic drivers of ET for the period 1979-2008. Estimates of regional average ET vary in the range of 241.4-335.7mmyr(-1) depending on the choice of forcing data. This range corresponds to as much as 32% of the mean ET. Meanwhile, the spatial patterns of long-term average ET across NE are generally consistent for all forcing data sets. Our ET estimates in NE are largely affected by uncertainties in precipitation (P), air temperature (T), incoming shortwave radiation (R), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). During the growing season, the correlations between ET and each forcing variable indicate that T is the dominant factor in the north and P in the south. Unsurprisingly, the uncertainties in climate forcing data propagate as well to estimates of the volume of water available for runoff (here defined as P-ET). While the Climate Research Unit data set is overall the best choice of forcing data in NE according to our assessment, the quality of these forcing data sets remains a major challenge to accurately quantify the regional water balance in NE. Key Points
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Держатели документа:
Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Ghent, Lab Hydrol & Water Management, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.
Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Climate Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Michigan State Univ, CGCEO Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest Sci, Lab Peatland Forestry & Ameliorat, Uspenskoye, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Liu, Yaling; Zhuang, Qianlai; Miralles, Diego; Pan, Zhihua; Kicklighter, David; Zhu, Qing; He, Yujie; Chen, Jiquan; Tchebakova, Nadja; Sirin, Andrey; Niyogi, Dev; Melillo, Jerry; NASA [NASA-NNX09AI26G, NN-H-04-Z-YS-005-N, NNX09AM55G]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64599]; National Science Foundation [NSF-1028291, NSF-0919331, AGS 0847472]; NSF [NSF-0630319]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [863.14.004]
Рубрики:
NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION
LAND-SURFACE
GLOBAL-SCALE
CLIMATE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
evapotranspiration -- Northern Eurasia -- terrestrial ecosystem model -- climate reanalysis -- forcing uncertainty
NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION
LAND-SURFACE
GLOBAL-SCALE
CLIMATE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
evapotranspiration -- Northern Eurasia -- terrestrial ecosystem model -- climate reanalysis -- forcing uncertainty
Аннотация: The ecosystems in Northern Eurasia (NE) play an important role in the global water cycle and the climate system. While evapotranspiration (ET) is a critical variable to understand this role, ET over this region remains largely unstudied. Using an improved version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model with five widely used forcing data sets, we examine the impact that uncertainties in climate forcing data have on the magnitude, variability, and dominant climatic drivers of ET for the period 1979-2008. Estimates of regional average ET vary in the range of 241.4-335.7mmyr(-1) depending on the choice of forcing data. This range corresponds to as much as 32% of the mean ET. Meanwhile, the spatial patterns of long-term average ET across NE are generally consistent for all forcing data sets. Our ET estimates in NE are largely affected by uncertainties in precipitation (P), air temperature (T), incoming shortwave radiation (R), and vapor pressure deficit (VPD). During the growing season, the correlations between ET and each forcing variable indicate that T is the dominant factor in the north and P in the south. Unsurprisingly, the uncertainties in climate forcing data propagate as well to estimates of the volume of water available for runoff (here defined as P-ET). While the Climate Research Unit data set is overall the best choice of forcing data in NE according to our assessment, the quality of these forcing data sets remains a major challenge to accurately quantify the regional water balance in NE. Key Points
WOS
Держатели документа:
Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Ghent, Lab Hydrol & Water Management, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.
Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, Climate Sci Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Michigan State Univ, CGCEO Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest Sci, Lab Peatland Forestry & Ameliorat, Uspenskoye, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Liu, Yaling; Zhuang, Qianlai; Miralles, Diego; Pan, Zhihua; Kicklighter, David; Zhu, Qing; He, Yujie; Chen, Jiquan; Tchebakova, Nadja; Sirin, Andrey; Niyogi, Dev; Melillo, Jerry; NASA [NASA-NNX09AI26G, NN-H-04-Z-YS-005-N, NNX09AM55G]; Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64599]; National Science Foundation [NSF-1028291, NSF-0919331, AGS 0847472]; NSF [NSF-0630319]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [863.14.004]
Hydrological Consequences of Timber Harvesting in Landscape Zones of Siberia
/ A. Onuchin, T. Burenina, I. Pavlov // Environments. - 2017. - Vol. 4, Is. 3. - Ст. 51, DOI 10.3390/environments4030051. - Cited References:58. - Government of Krasnoyarsk Territory according to the research project NO 16-44-242145.
. - ISSN 2076-3298
РУБ Agricultural Engineering
Аннотация: Despite a large number of publications covering various aspects of the influence of climatic factors on runoff, this direction in hydrological research acquires a new meaning in connection with global climate change and the increase in anthropogenic press on river systems. The authors of this work focused on the impact of anthropogenic factors on river runoff. Many rivers of Siberian taiga drain areas have experienced a dramatic land-cover change, with a decrease in overall forest area and a relative increase in deciduous trees. Land cover change in forest catchments impact water balance and accordingly, river flow. The study areas, the West Sayan and Northern Angara regions located in Central Siberia, are now a mosaic of forest regeneration sites including both post-human and post-fire regeneration patterns. Data of our own hydrological experiments conducted on clear cuts of different ages and reference materials for regular hydrological observations were analyzed. Dynamics of river flow under influence of timber harvesting were studied for 11 river basins in different landscape zones of Siberia. The studies showed that, in Siberia, forest cover changes lead to either reduction of, or increase in water yield depending on forest structure and climate. Dynamics of river flow after forest logging differ for continental and humid climates. Where precipitation is excessive, water yield increases twice that of control plots during the first several post-cutting years, due to reduction of transpiring phytomass. It takes 30-40 years and sometimes even over 50 years, depending on forest succession trajectories, for water yield to recover to the pre-cutting level. In an extremely continental climate, extensive forest cutting results in decreasing water yield during the first post-clearcutting years, because wind activity increases and enhances snow evaporation on vast clear cuts. Water yield exhibited an average annual decrease of 0.5-1.0 mm during the first two decades after cutting, i.e., until when clear cuts began to regenerate. With further development of forest vegetation, water yield increased by 1.5-3 mm annually. Obtained results show that at the regional level in conditions of anthropogenic press on the forests at the catchments of medium and small rivers, the climatic trends are offset by the felling and subsequent reforestation dynamics at clear cuts.
WOS,
Смотреть статью
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Forest Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, Alexander; Burenina, Tamara; Pavlov, Igor; RFBR; Government of Krasnoyarsk Territory [16-44-242145]
Рубрики:
WATER-YIELD REDUCTION
CHINA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Siberia -- West Sayan -- Angara River -- timber harvesting -- clear-cut -- runoff -- water balance
WATER-YIELD REDUCTION
CHINA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Siberia -- West Sayan -- Angara River -- timber harvesting -- clear-cut -- runoff -- water balance
Аннотация: Despite a large number of publications covering various aspects of the influence of climatic factors on runoff, this direction in hydrological research acquires a new meaning in connection with global climate change and the increase in anthropogenic press on river systems. The authors of this work focused on the impact of anthropogenic factors on river runoff. Many rivers of Siberian taiga drain areas have experienced a dramatic land-cover change, with a decrease in overall forest area and a relative increase in deciduous trees. Land cover change in forest catchments impact water balance and accordingly, river flow. The study areas, the West Sayan and Northern Angara regions located in Central Siberia, are now a mosaic of forest regeneration sites including both post-human and post-fire regeneration patterns. Data of our own hydrological experiments conducted on clear cuts of different ages and reference materials for regular hydrological observations were analyzed. Dynamics of river flow under influence of timber harvesting were studied for 11 river basins in different landscape zones of Siberia. The studies showed that, in Siberia, forest cover changes lead to either reduction of, or increase in water yield depending on forest structure and climate. Dynamics of river flow after forest logging differ for continental and humid climates. Where precipitation is excessive, water yield increases twice that of control plots during the first several post-cutting years, due to reduction of transpiring phytomass. It takes 30-40 years and sometimes even over 50 years, depending on forest succession trajectories, for water yield to recover to the pre-cutting level. In an extremely continental climate, extensive forest cutting results in decreasing water yield during the first post-clearcutting years, because wind activity increases and enhances snow evaporation on vast clear cuts. Water yield exhibited an average annual decrease of 0.5-1.0 mm during the first two decades after cutting, i.e., until when clear cuts began to regenerate. With further development of forest vegetation, water yield increased by 1.5-3 mm annually. Obtained results show that at the regional level in conditions of anthropogenic press on the forests at the catchments of medium and small rivers, the climatic trends are offset by the felling and subsequent reforestation dynamics at clear cuts.
WOS,
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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Forest Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Onuchin, Alexander; Burenina, Tamara; Pavlov, Igor; RFBR; Government of Krasnoyarsk Territory [16-44-242145]
Soils of Mountainous Forests and Their Transformation under the Impact of Fires in Baikal Region
/ Y. N. Krasnoshchekov // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2018. - Vol. 51, Is. 4. - P371-384, DOI 10.1134/S1064229318040099. - Cited References:33
. - ISSN 1064-2293. - ISSN 1556-195X
РУБ Soil Science
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
altitudinal complexes of forest types -- ground litter-humus fires -- stock -- and fractional composition of forest litter -- pyrogenic organic soil -- horizons
Аннотация: Data on postpyrogenic dynamics of soils under mountainous taiga cedar (Pinus sibirica) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests and subtaiga-forest-steppe pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests in the Baikal region are analyzed. Ground litter-humus fires predominating in this region transform the upper diagnostic organic soil horizons and lead to the formation of new pyrogenic organic horizons (Opir). Adverse effects of ground fires on the stock, fractional composition, and water-physical properties of forest litters are shown. Some quantitative parameters of the liquid and solid surface runoff in burnt areas related to the slope gradient, fire intensity, and the time passed after the fire are presented. Pyrogenic destruction of forest ecosystems inevitably induces the degradation of mountainous soils, whose restoration after fires takes tens of years. The products of soil erosion from the burnt out areas complicate the current situation with the pollution of coastal waters of Lake Baikal.
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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Yu. N.
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
altitudinal complexes of forest types -- ground litter-humus fires -- stock -- and fractional composition of forest litter -- pyrogenic organic soil -- horizons
Аннотация: Data on postpyrogenic dynamics of soils under mountainous taiga cedar (Pinus sibirica) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests and subtaiga-forest-steppe pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests in the Baikal region are analyzed. Ground litter-humus fires predominating in this region transform the upper diagnostic organic soil horizons and lead to the formation of new pyrogenic organic horizons (Opir). Adverse effects of ground fires on the stock, fractional composition, and water-physical properties of forest litters are shown. Some quantitative parameters of the liquid and solid surface runoff in burnt areas related to the slope gradient, fire intensity, and the time passed after the fire are presented. Pyrogenic destruction of forest ecosystems inevitably induces the degradation of mountainous soils, whose restoration after fires takes tens of years. The products of soil erosion from the burnt out areas complicate the current situation with the pollution of coastal waters of Lake Baikal.
WOS,
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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Yu. N.
630*2+556.5
Н 76
Н 76
Новый взгляд на понимание гидрологической роли леса
[Текст] : статья / А. А. Онучин [и др.] // Сибирский лесной журнал. - 2018. - № 5. - С. 3-18, DOI 10.15372/SJFS20180501
. - ISSN 2311-1410
Перевод заглавия: New look at understanding hydrological role of forest
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
бореальные леса -- лесная гидрология -- гидрологические циклы -- баланс снеговой влаги -- географический детерминизм -- boreal forests -- Forest Hydrology -- hydrological cycles -- snow moisture balance -- geographical determinism
Аннотация: Статья посвящена раскрытию причин противоречий, существующих в оценке гидрологической роли лесов. Авторы утверждают, что накопление новой информации в отношении, казалось бы, хорошо изученных процессов и явлений обусловливает необходимость пересмотра традиционных взглядов и приводит к получению новых знаний о гидрологической роли лесов. Рассмотрены разные концептуальные подходы к оценке гидрологической роли лесов в различных географических условиях. Системный анализ собственных материалов и литературных данных позволил выявить особенности гидрологического цикла в зависимости от структуры лесов и климатических условий. В работе использованы данные 460 снегосъемок в период максимальных снегозапасов в 212 насаждениях, произрастающих в неодинаковых климатических и лесорастительных условиях. Сопоставление особенностей баланса снеговой влаги лесных и безлесных экосистем в несхожих климатических условиях позволило понять причины противоречивых оценок гидрологической роли лесов. Авторы показали, что в условиях мягких и теплых зим леса по сравнению с безлесными пространствами являются более мощными испарителями снеговой влаги, а в условиях жестких зим с частыми метелями - накопителями снеговой влаги и источниками формирования стока рек. В работе представлена концептуальная модель, описывающая механизмы влагооборота в лесах бореальной зоны, которые определяют особенности влияния лесных экосистем на речной сток в зависимости от геофизического фона.
The article is concerned with the discussion of the reasons for the contradictions existing in the assessment of the hydrological role of forests. The authors believe that the accumulation of new information related to seemingly well-studied processes and phenomena necessitates revisions of traditional views and leads to new knowledge of the hydrological role of forests. Various conceptual approaches to assessing the hydrological role of forests in different geographic conditions are considered. System analysis of the materials obtained by the authors and literature data made it possible to identify the features of the hydrological cycle depending on the structure of forests and climatic conditions. The data of 460 snow surveys in the period of maximum snow reserves in 212 forest stands growing in different climatic and ecological conditions were used. The comparison of the features of snow moisture balance of the forest and treeless ecosystems in different climatic conditions contributed to understanding the reasons for the contradictory assessments of the hydrological role of forests. The authors showed that in the conditions of mild and warm winters, forests are more powerful evaporators of snow moisture than treeless sites and in conditions of severe winters with frequent snowstorms, they are the accumulators of snow moisture and sources of river flow. The paper presents a conceptual model describing the mechanisms of water cycle in the forests of the boreal zone, which determine the features of the influence of forest ecosystems on the river runoff depending on the geophysical background.
РИНЦ
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В. Н. Сукачева СО РАН
Лестерский университет
Министерство промышленности, энергетики и жилищно-коммунального хозяйства Красноярского края
Сибирский государственный университет науки и технологий им. академика М. Ф. Решетнева
Доп.точки доступа:
Онучин, Александр Александрович; Onuchin A.A.; Буренина, Тамара Анисимовна; Burenina T.A.; Балцер, Хейко; Balzter H.; Цыкалов, Анатолий Григорьевич; Tsykalov A.G.
Перевод заглавия: New look at understanding hydrological role of forest
| УДК |
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
бореальные леса -- лесная гидрология -- гидрологические циклы -- баланс снеговой влаги -- географический детерминизм -- boreal forests -- Forest Hydrology -- hydrological cycles -- snow moisture balance -- geographical determinism
Аннотация: Статья посвящена раскрытию причин противоречий, существующих в оценке гидрологической роли лесов. Авторы утверждают, что накопление новой информации в отношении, казалось бы, хорошо изученных процессов и явлений обусловливает необходимость пересмотра традиционных взглядов и приводит к получению новых знаний о гидрологической роли лесов. Рассмотрены разные концептуальные подходы к оценке гидрологической роли лесов в различных географических условиях. Системный анализ собственных материалов и литературных данных позволил выявить особенности гидрологического цикла в зависимости от структуры лесов и климатических условий. В работе использованы данные 460 снегосъемок в период максимальных снегозапасов в 212 насаждениях, произрастающих в неодинаковых климатических и лесорастительных условиях. Сопоставление особенностей баланса снеговой влаги лесных и безлесных экосистем в несхожих климатических условиях позволило понять причины противоречивых оценок гидрологической роли лесов. Авторы показали, что в условиях мягких и теплых зим леса по сравнению с безлесными пространствами являются более мощными испарителями снеговой влаги, а в условиях жестких зим с частыми метелями - накопителями снеговой влаги и источниками формирования стока рек. В работе представлена концептуальная модель, описывающая механизмы влагооборота в лесах бореальной зоны, которые определяют особенности влияния лесных экосистем на речной сток в зависимости от геофизического фона.
The article is concerned with the discussion of the reasons for the contradictions existing in the assessment of the hydrological role of forests. The authors believe that the accumulation of new information related to seemingly well-studied processes and phenomena necessitates revisions of traditional views and leads to new knowledge of the hydrological role of forests. Various conceptual approaches to assessing the hydrological role of forests in different geographic conditions are considered. System analysis of the materials obtained by the authors and literature data made it possible to identify the features of the hydrological cycle depending on the structure of forests and climatic conditions. The data of 460 snow surveys in the period of maximum snow reserves in 212 forest stands growing in different climatic and ecological conditions were used. The comparison of the features of snow moisture balance of the forest and treeless ecosystems in different climatic conditions contributed to understanding the reasons for the contradictory assessments of the hydrological role of forests. The authors showed that in the conditions of mild and warm winters, forests are more powerful evaporators of snow moisture than treeless sites and in conditions of severe winters with frequent snowstorms, they are the accumulators of snow moisture and sources of river flow. The paper presents a conceptual model describing the mechanisms of water cycle in the forests of the boreal zone, which determine the features of the influence of forest ecosystems on the river runoff depending on the geophysical background.
РИНЦ
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В. Н. Сукачева СО РАН
Лестерский университет
Министерство промышленности, энергетики и жилищно-коммунального хозяйства Красноярского края
Сибирский государственный университет науки и технологий им. академика М. Ф. Решетнева
Доп.точки доступа:
Онучин, Александр Александрович; Onuchin A.A.; Буренина, Тамара Анисимовна; Burenina T.A.; Балцер, Хейко; Balzter H.; Цыкалов, Анатолий Григорьевич; Tsykalov A.G.
Intraseasonal Dynamics of River Discharge and Burned Forest Areas in Siberia
/ E. I. Ponomarev, T. V. Ponomareva, A. S. Prokushkin // Water. - 2019. - Vol. 11, Is. 6, DOI 10.3390/w11061146. - Cited References:37. - This research was funded by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) grant number 17-04-00589 "Radiometric method for quantitative analysis of soils structure organization", RFBR and Government of the Krasnoyarsk krai, and Krasnoyarsk krai Foundation for Research and Development Support, grant number 18-41-242003 "Modeling and satellite monitoring of effects from thermal anomalies of the underlying surface in the seasonally thawed soil layer of the permafrost zone of Siberia" and grant number 18-05-60203-Arktika "Landscape and hydrobiological controls on the transport of terrigenic carbon to the Arctic Ocean".
. - ISSN 2073-4441
РУБ Water Resources
Аннотация: This study demonstrates the dependence between the forest burning rates and abnormal decrease in Siberian river discharges under the conditions of the permafrost zone. Our study area is in Central Siberia and Eastern Siberia/Yakutia. Four rivers (Podkamennaya Tunguska, Lower Tunguska, Aldan, and Viluy) were selected for the study. We analyzed the long-term and seasonal variation of river discharges (archive of The Global Runoff Data Centre for 1939-2015) together with the forest burning dynamics within the river basins (archive of Sukachev Institute of Forest for 1996-2015). We compared the discharges per year with the 77-year average value. Abnormally low levels of discharge constituted 58-78% of the averaged annual rate. An analysis of available chronologies of extreme fire events and relative burned areas (RBAs) showed a high correlation with intra-seasonal data on the runoff minima. The most significant response of river discharges to the wildfire effect was shown for the late summer/autumn season after extreme wildfires during the summer period. The deficit of the runoff was not explained by a low precipitation. Late summer and autumn anomalies of discharge were typical (r = -0.57...-0.77, p < 0.05) for rivers of Central Siberia in seasons of extreme forest burning. The correlation was lower for rivers of Eastern Siberia/Yakutia.
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Держатели документа:
RAS, Fed Res Ctr, VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, Inst Ecol & Geog, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Ponomarev, Evgenii I.; Ponomareva, Tatiana V.; Prokushkin, Anatoly S.; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [17-04-00589]; Krasnoyarsk krai Foundation for Research and Development Support [18-41-242003, 18-05-60203-Arktika]; Government of the Krasnoyarsk krai
Рубрики:
PERMAFROST ZONE
CLIMATE-CHANGE
WILDFIRES
VARIABILITY
IMPACTS
FIRES
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Siberia -- permafrost -- river discharge -- wildfire -- relative burned area
PERMAFROST ZONE
CLIMATE-CHANGE
WILDFIRES
VARIABILITY
IMPACTS
FIRES
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Siberia -- permafrost -- river discharge -- wildfire -- relative burned area
Аннотация: This study demonstrates the dependence between the forest burning rates and abnormal decrease in Siberian river discharges under the conditions of the permafrost zone. Our study area is in Central Siberia and Eastern Siberia/Yakutia. Four rivers (Podkamennaya Tunguska, Lower Tunguska, Aldan, and Viluy) were selected for the study. We analyzed the long-term and seasonal variation of river discharges (archive of The Global Runoff Data Centre for 1939-2015) together with the forest burning dynamics within the river basins (archive of Sukachev Institute of Forest for 1996-2015). We compared the discharges per year with the 77-year average value. Abnormally low levels of discharge constituted 58-78% of the averaged annual rate. An analysis of available chronologies of extreme fire events and relative burned areas (RBAs) showed a high correlation with intra-seasonal data on the runoff minima. The most significant response of river discharges to the wildfire effect was shown for the late summer/autumn season after extreme wildfires during the summer period. The deficit of the runoff was not explained by a low precipitation. Late summer and autumn anomalies of discharge were typical (r = -0.57...-0.77, p < 0.05) for rivers of Central Siberia in seasons of extreme forest burning. The correlation was lower for rivers of Eastern Siberia/Yakutia.
WOS,
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Scopus
Держатели документа:
RAS, Fed Res Ctr, VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, Inst Ecol & Geog, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
Доп.точки доступа:
Ponomarev, Evgenii I.; Ponomareva, Tatiana V.; Prokushkin, Anatoly S.; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [17-04-00589]; Krasnoyarsk krai Foundation for Research and Development Support [18-41-242003, 18-05-60203-Arktika]; Government of the Krasnoyarsk krai
502.7.630.431.1
Л 22
Л 22
ЛАНДШАФТНЫЕ ПОЖАРЫ В ЗАБАЙКАЛЬЕ
[Текст] : статья / М. Д. ЕВДОКИМЕНКО // География и природные ресурсы. - 2019. - № 4. - С. 44-55
. - ISSN 0206-1619
Перевод заглавия: LANDSCAPE FIRES IN TRANSBAIKALIA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
высотные пояса -- местности -- метеоситуации -- пирологические режимы -- прогнозирование -- обез лесение -- altitudinal vegetation zone -- localities -- weather conditions -- fire regime -- forecasting -- deforestation
Аннотация: Приведены результаты полувекового изучения природных пожаров в Забайкалье. Выполнены стационарные экс периментальные исследования пожароопасности растительности по всем высотным поясам, репрезентативным ландшафтным местностям и типам леса. Маршрутные исследования проведены в разных природных округах. На про тяжении двух сезонов осуществлен авиамониторинг ландшафтных пожаров. Прослежены долговременные последствия пожаров на Байкальской природной территории и в Центральном Забайкалье. Проанализированы пирологические режимы в растительных комплексах, по каждому из которых определена длительность пожароопасного состояния как суммарная за весь сезон, так и непрерывная за период пожарного максимума. Характеристики режимов по вы сотным поясам приведены в трех вариантах в зависимости от количества осадков за сезон (обычный, засушливый, влажный). Выявлено, что ландшафтные пожары возникают при интенсивном и экстремальном режимах, когда устанавливается исключительная, по сравнению с сопредельными регионами, пирологическая монотонность расти тельных комплексов на большей части территории. В подобной ситуации практически отсутствуют естественные препятствия для огня, кроме широких рек, озер и гребней горных хребтов. Высокая горимость лесов обусловлена пре обладанием в их составе светлохвойных насаждений. Стремительному распространению пожаров способствуют сухие травостои и заросли пожароопасных кустарников, по которым огонь движется почти со скоростью ветра. Установ лено, что некошеные луга, заброшенные выпасы и пашни у поселковых околиц чреваты опустошительными пожарами не только в лесах, но и в населенных пунктах. В ситуации, подобной возникшей в 2015 г., ландшафтные пожары превращаются в природную катастрофу с тяжелыми лесоэкологическими последствиями. Уцелевшие древостои снижа ют продуктивность, изреживаются, а далее подвержены все более усугубляющейся дигрессии от последующих огневых воздействий. На гарях происходит локальное обезлесение, либо длительная смена хвойных насаждений лиственными. Грядущий сток с обширных выгоревших площадей может усугубить загрязнение оз. Байкал. Сделан вывод, что при влечение резервов МЧС для устранения последней огненной стихии в Прибайкалье оказалось малополезным вследствие запоздания. Альтернативой представляется заблаговременное прогнозирование высокого риска возникновения ланд шафтных пожаров с целью оперативной ликвидации возгораний, чтобы оперативно тушить все загорания при уме ренных затратах, не допуская их превращения в природную катастрофу.
This paper presents results of wildfire studies conducted Transbaikalia over the last five decades. Station-based experimen tal investigations into fire hazards of vegetation accomplished at the regional forest fire stations during those years covered all altitudinal vegetation zones, representative landscape localities and forest types. Route investigations were made in different natural areas. Arial monitoring of landscape fires was used during two fire seasons. Long-term effects of fires in the Baikal Natural Area and in Central Transbaikalia were investigated. Fire regimes in vegetation complexes were analyzed and for each of them the duration of the fire hazard was determined both as the total duration for the entire season and as a continuous duration for the period of the fire maximum. Characteristics of the regimes for the altitudinal belts are provided in three versions according to precipitation amounts for a season (normal, dry and wet). It is found that forest fires occur in intensive and extreme fire regimes when most of the vegetation complexes of the region become exceptionally hazardous as compared to adjacent areas. In such a situation, there are almost no barriers to fire, except for broad rivers, lakes and mountain crests. The forest fire fre quency index is high due to a predominance of light coniferous stands. A rapid spread of fires is also promoted by dry grass stands and fire-hazardous shrubs where the fire is spreading nearly as fast as the speed of wind. It was established that unmown mead ows, and abandoned pastures and croplands in the outskirts of villages present the threat of devastating fires not only in forests but also in settlements. In a situation, such as the one that arose in 2015, landscape fires turn to a natural disaster with severe forest-ecological consequences. Surviving forest stands decrease in productivity and increase in self-thinning, followed by an increasing degradation caused by subsequently recurring fires. Burns undergo local deforestation or a long-lasting replacement of coniferous stands by deciduous forests. The future runoff from the burned-over areas is able to enhance pollution of Lake Baikal. It is concluded that the EMERCOM resources used to fight the latest fires in Transbaikalia showed very little promise because of being delayed. A reasonable alternative to EMERCOM would involve advanced forecasting of high risks of fire oc currence in order to rapidly fight fires with moderate expenses without letting them turning to a natural disaster.
РИНЦ
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачёва СО РАН
Доп.точки доступа:
ЕВДОКИМЕНКО, М.Д.; EVDOKIMENKO M.D.
Перевод заглавия: LANDSCAPE FIRES IN TRANSBAIKALIA
| УДК |
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
высотные пояса -- местности -- метеоситуации -- пирологические режимы -- прогнозирование -- обез лесение -- altitudinal vegetation zone -- localities -- weather conditions -- fire regime -- forecasting -- deforestation
Аннотация: Приведены результаты полувекового изучения природных пожаров в Забайкалье. Выполнены стационарные экс периментальные исследования пожароопасности растительности по всем высотным поясам, репрезентативным ландшафтным местностям и типам леса. Маршрутные исследования проведены в разных природных округах. На про тяжении двух сезонов осуществлен авиамониторинг ландшафтных пожаров. Прослежены долговременные последствия пожаров на Байкальской природной территории и в Центральном Забайкалье. Проанализированы пирологические режимы в растительных комплексах, по каждому из которых определена длительность пожароопасного состояния как суммарная за весь сезон, так и непрерывная за период пожарного максимума. Характеристики режимов по вы сотным поясам приведены в трех вариантах в зависимости от количества осадков за сезон (обычный, засушливый, влажный). Выявлено, что ландшафтные пожары возникают при интенсивном и экстремальном режимах, когда устанавливается исключительная, по сравнению с сопредельными регионами, пирологическая монотонность расти тельных комплексов на большей части территории. В подобной ситуации практически отсутствуют естественные препятствия для огня, кроме широких рек, озер и гребней горных хребтов. Высокая горимость лесов обусловлена пре обладанием в их составе светлохвойных насаждений. Стремительному распространению пожаров способствуют сухие травостои и заросли пожароопасных кустарников, по которым огонь движется почти со скоростью ветра. Установ лено, что некошеные луга, заброшенные выпасы и пашни у поселковых околиц чреваты опустошительными пожарами не только в лесах, но и в населенных пунктах. В ситуации, подобной возникшей в 2015 г., ландшафтные пожары превращаются в природную катастрофу с тяжелыми лесоэкологическими последствиями. Уцелевшие древостои снижа ют продуктивность, изреживаются, а далее подвержены все более усугубляющейся дигрессии от последующих огневых воздействий. На гарях происходит локальное обезлесение, либо длительная смена хвойных насаждений лиственными. Грядущий сток с обширных выгоревших площадей может усугубить загрязнение оз. Байкал. Сделан вывод, что при влечение резервов МЧС для устранения последней огненной стихии в Прибайкалье оказалось малополезным вследствие запоздания. Альтернативой представляется заблаговременное прогнозирование высокого риска возникновения ланд шафтных пожаров с целью оперативной ликвидации возгораний, чтобы оперативно тушить все загорания при уме ренных затратах, не допуская их превращения в природную катастрофу.
This paper presents results of wildfire studies conducted Transbaikalia over the last five decades. Station-based experimen tal investigations into fire hazards of vegetation accomplished at the regional forest fire stations during those years covered all altitudinal vegetation zones, representative landscape localities and forest types. Route investigations were made in different natural areas. Arial monitoring of landscape fires was used during two fire seasons. Long-term effects of fires in the Baikal Natural Area and in Central Transbaikalia were investigated. Fire regimes in vegetation complexes were analyzed and for each of them the duration of the fire hazard was determined both as the total duration for the entire season and as a continuous duration for the period of the fire maximum. Characteristics of the regimes for the altitudinal belts are provided in three versions according to precipitation amounts for a season (normal, dry and wet). It is found that forest fires occur in intensive and extreme fire regimes when most of the vegetation complexes of the region become exceptionally hazardous as compared to adjacent areas. In such a situation, there are almost no barriers to fire, except for broad rivers, lakes and mountain crests. The forest fire fre quency index is high due to a predominance of light coniferous stands. A rapid spread of fires is also promoted by dry grass stands and fire-hazardous shrubs where the fire is spreading nearly as fast as the speed of wind. It was established that unmown mead ows, and abandoned pastures and croplands in the outskirts of villages present the threat of devastating fires not only in forests but also in settlements. In a situation, such as the one that arose in 2015, landscape fires turn to a natural disaster with severe forest-ecological consequences. Surviving forest stands decrease in productivity and increase in self-thinning, followed by an increasing degradation caused by subsequently recurring fires. Burns undergo local deforestation or a long-lasting replacement of coniferous stands by deciduous forests. The future runoff from the burned-over areas is able to enhance pollution of Lake Baikal. It is concluded that the EMERCOM resources used to fight the latest fires in Transbaikalia showed very little promise because of being delayed. A reasonable alternative to EMERCOM would involve advanced forecasting of high risks of fire oc currence in order to rapidly fight fires with moderate expenses without letting them turning to a natural disaster.
РИНЦ
Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачёва СО РАН
Доп.точки доступа:
ЕВДОКИМЕНКО, М.Д.; EVDOKIMENKO M.D.
On the issue of fluctuations in the extreme maximum runoff under the conditions of the expected climate change in the Marmarik river basin
/ V. Margaryan, E. Fedotova // E3S Web of Conferences : EDP Sciences, 2020. - Vol. 149: 2019 Regional Problems of Earth Remote Sensing, RPERS 2019 (10 September 2019 through 13 September 2019, ) Conference code: 157574. - Ст. 03010, DOI 10.1051/e3sconf/202014903010
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Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Atmospheric temperature -- Remote sensing -- Rivers -- Runoff -- Watersheds -- Absolute values -- Air temperature -- Atmospheric precipitation -- Average air temperature -- Degree of change -- Global climate changes -- Observational data -- Source material -- Climate change
Аннотация: The paper analyzes the peculiarities of formation of the absolute maximum runoff of the Marmarik river evaluates the patterns of multi-year fluctuations of maximum runoff rates in different river sites and gives a forecast of the maximum runoff in the context of global climate change. Absolute values of the maximum river runoff for different scenarios of climate change are estimated. The actual observational data of Armhydromet for maximum runoff rate, the air temperature and precipitation were used as the source material. As a result of the study, it turned out that there is only a tendency to decrease in the values of maximum runoff. It turned out that for all scenarios and cases in the Marmarik river basin, a different degree of changes in the maximum flow is observed. Moreover, the largest decrease in the maximum runoff of the Marmarik river basin is expected under the conditions of an increase in the average air temperature of the spring season by 2,7 - 3,9 degrees Celsius and a decrease in the amount of spring atmospheric precipitation by 2,4 - 2,6 %. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences 2020.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Yerevan State University, Department of Physical Geography and Hydrometeorology, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Yerevan, Armenia
Sukachev Institute of Forest Sb Ras, Frc Ksc Sb Ras, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Sfu, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Margaryan, V.; Fedotova, E.
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Atmospheric temperature -- Remote sensing -- Rivers -- Runoff -- Watersheds -- Absolute values -- Air temperature -- Atmospheric precipitation -- Average air temperature -- Degree of change -- Global climate changes -- Observational data -- Source material -- Climate change
Аннотация: The paper analyzes the peculiarities of formation of the absolute maximum runoff of the Marmarik river evaluates the patterns of multi-year fluctuations of maximum runoff rates in different river sites and gives a forecast of the maximum runoff in the context of global climate change. Absolute values of the maximum river runoff for different scenarios of climate change are estimated. The actual observational data of Armhydromet for maximum runoff rate, the air temperature and precipitation were used as the source material. As a result of the study, it turned out that there is only a tendency to decrease in the values of maximum runoff. It turned out that for all scenarios and cases in the Marmarik river basin, a different degree of changes in the maximum flow is observed. Moreover, the largest decrease in the maximum runoff of the Marmarik river basin is expected under the conditions of an increase in the average air temperature of the spring season by 2,7 - 3,9 degrees Celsius and a decrease in the amount of spring atmospheric precipitation by 2,4 - 2,6 %. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences 2020.
Scopus
Держатели документа:
Yerevan State University, Department of Physical Geography and Hydrometeorology, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Yerevan, Armenia
Sukachev Institute of Forest Sb Ras, Frc Ksc Sb Ras, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Sfu, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Доп.точки доступа:
Margaryan, V.; Fedotova, E.