Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ E. N. Valendik [et al.] // Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. - 2006. - Vol. 11, Is. 4. - P883-896, DOI 10.1007/s11027-005-9017-2 . - ISSN 1381-2386
Аннотация: Mechanical treatment and prescribed fire were used to restore a mixed conifer stand (Picea-Abies-Pinus) following mortality from an outbreak of Siberian moth (Dendrolimus superans sibiricus). Moth-killed stands often become dominated by Calamagrostis, a sod-forming grass. The large amount of woody debris and the sod hinder coniferous seedling establishment and development as well as creating conditions favorable to the establishment and propagation of wildfires. Fire has been demonstrated to be an effective method of reducing woody debris and eliminating sod, but the random nature and timing of wildfires often do not create conditions favorable for conifer regeneration. Our study was conducted in a mature fir dominated stand that died during an outbreak 6-8 years previously with most of the dead trees still standing. A bulldozer drove through the stand downing standing snags in late summer with 15-20 m between passes. Snags knocked down by the bulldozer and additional snag fall throughout the following winter increased downed dead wood 50-60% and large downed dead wood 80% compared to an adjacent untreated area. In June, a prescribed fire was set and fuel load consumption averaged 70%. Average soil temperatures during the burn ranged from 47В°C at a depth of 2 cm to 10В°C at 10 cm; hot enough to kill the grass. Following treatment, the potential for wildfire was reduced and the area was suitable for either natural conifer regeneration or planting without further mechanical site preparation. В© Springer 2006.

Scopus

Держатели документа:
V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, Durham, NH 03824, United States
USDA Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59807, United States
USDA Forest Service, Tahoe National Forest, Nevada City, CA 95959, United States

Доп.точки доступа:
Valendik, E.N.; Brissette, J.C.; Kisilyakhov, Y.K.; Lasko, R.J.; Verkhovets, S.V.; Eubanks, S.T.; Kosov, I.V.; Lantukh, A.Yu.

[Текст] / А. А. Вайс, Г. С. Вараксин, С. К. Мамедова, Е. А. Ануев, О. В. Герасимова // Лесной журнал. - 2023. - № 3. - С. 9-20, DOI 10.37482/0536-1036-2023-3-9-20 . - ISSN 0536-1036

ГРНТИ

68.47

68.47.03

Аннотация: В настоящее время наблюдается ряд процессов, которые обуславливают воздействие на лесные экосистемы таких неблагоприятных факторов, как лесные пожары, фитопатогенное и инвазивное влияние, изменение климатических условий (повышение температуры). Цель исследования - определение потенциального запаса древесной и углеродной составляющей детрита по основным категориям (сухостой, валеж и пни), а также прогнозирование количества древесных остатков в условиях подтаежно-лесостепного района Средней Сибири. Исследование крупного детрита проводилось в чистых по составу сосняках. В качестве учетной единицы использовалась круговая площадка постоянного радиуса. Запас сухостоя составил в сосняках 82 % от общего запаса крупного детрита, валежа - 16 % (1,5-18,3 м3‧га-1), пней - 2 % (0-2,6 м3‧га-1). Количество детрита не превысило 11 % от общего запаса древостоя. Качество условий местопроизрастания оказывает значительное влияние на запас детрита через интенсивность роста, поскольку в лучших условиях она выше. В древостоях I класса бонитета аккумулируется бóльшая часть крупного древесного детрита (66,4 %), т. е. почти в 2 раза больше, чем в насаждениях, относящихся ко II классу, - 33,6 %. В высокополнотных древостоях (от 0,81 и выше) запас углерода сухостоя, валежа и пней в целом значительно выше, чем в среднеполнотных насаждениях (0,6-0,8). Возраст и средняя высота древостоя являются значимыми показателями для прогнозирования запасов древесины и углерода сухостоя. Количество древесины и углерода валежа зависит также от полноты и общего запаса древесины в насаждении. Получены регрессионные уравнения, позволяющие спрогнозировать объем крупного древесного детрита. Таким образом, в исследуемых древостоях наблюдаются деструктивные процессы (крупный древесный детрит), которые вызваны как влиянием возрастной структуры (вступлением древостоев в стадию спелости и перестойности), так и биогенными факторами, причина которых - снижение устойчивости лесных массивов под воздействием патогенеза и климатических изменений
At the present time, certain harmful effects are observed that affect forest ecosystems. They are forest fires, phytopathogenic activities, and invasive influence, in addition to changes in climatic conditions, in particular an increase in temperature. The study is intended to determine the potential stock of wood and carbon compounds in detritus. The principal categories for it are snags, downed dead wood, and stumps. Additionally, it predicts the amount of wood residues in the conditions of the taiga forest-steppe subzone of Central Siberia. A coarse woody detritus was examined in the structurally pure forests of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). A circular area of constant radius was used as an accounting unit. The cause woody detritus in snag was 82 %, in downed dead wood was 16 % (1.5-18.3 m3‧ha-1), in stumps was 2 % (0-2.6 m3‧ha-1). The content of detritus was found in only 11 % of the total stock of the stand. The environmental quality at the location of growth had a strong effect on the amount of detritus because of the growth rate of the trees, which is higher in the ideal conditions. Most of the coarse woody detritus (66.4 %) was accumulated in the stands of productivity class I, which was almost double that in the stands of productivity class II (33.6 %). The carbon content in snags, downed dead wood, and stumps was higher in high-density stands (0.81 or more) than in medium-density stands (0.6-0.8). The age and average height of the stand were considerable indicators for predicting stocks of wood and carbon in snags. The amount of wood and carbon in the downed dead wood also depended on the growth density and total stock of wood at the location. The regression equations were generated to predict the volume of the coarse wood detritus. According to the results, it can be concluded that in the investigated stands the destructive processes were identified, which were determined by the concentration of detritus. The production of detritus was activated by both age composition, when a major part of the trees enters the mature or overmature stages, and biogenic factors, which were stimulated by pathogenesis and climatic changes

РИНЦ

Держатели документа:
ИЛ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр. 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Вараксин, Геннадий Сергеевич; Varaksin, Gennady Sergyeyevich; Мамедова, С.К.; Ануев, Е.А.; Герасимова, Оксана Владимировна; Gerasimova Oksana Vladimirovna; Vays A.A.