Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ M. I. Makarov [et al.] // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2013. - Vol. 46, Is. 4. - P369-374, DOI 10.1134/S1064229313040091. - Cited References: 33. - This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 10-04-00780). . - 6. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The general pattern of the changes in the solubility of the labile carbon and nitrogen compounds with the changes in the concentration of the salt extractant (0.05 and 0.5 M K2SO4) has been determined for soils differing in their acidity and in their contents of organic matter and nitrogen. Different forms of extracted compounds react differently to changes in the salt concentration. The solubility of inorganic nitrogen compounds (and) does not depend on the concentration of K2SO4. In most cases, the carbon and nitrogen of the microbial biomass manifest a tendency for increasing extractability with an increase in the concentration of the K2SO4 solution. A fundamental difference is characteristic of the organic carbon and nitrogen compounds, the solubility of which in 0.5 M K2SO4 increases in different soils by 1.5-3.9 times in comparison with their solubility in 0.05 M K2SO4.

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Держатели документа:
[Makarov, M. I.
Shuleva, M. S.
Malysheva, T. I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Soil Sci, Moscow 119991, Russia
[Menyailo, O. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Makarov, M.I.; Shuleva, M.S.; Malysheva, T.I.; Menyailo, O.V.

/ I. D. Grodnitskaya [et al.] // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2013. - Vol. 46, Is. 1. - P61-73, DOI 10.1134/S1064229313010043. - Cited References: 39. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project nos. 09-04-01380-a, 11-05-00374-a, and 11-04-01884-a) and by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (project no. 2.1.1/6611). . - 13. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The microbial activity of peat soils was studied in boggy larch forests and in an oligo-mesotrophic bog in the basins of the Kochechum and Nizhnaya Tunguska rivers (central Evenkia). It was found that the organic matter transformation in the peat soils of all the plots is mainly performed by oligotrophic bacteria composing 88-98% of the total bacterial complex. The major contribution to the organic matter destruction belonged to the heterotrophic microorganisms, the activity of which depended on the permafrost depth and the soil temperature, the soil acidity, and the botanical composition of the peat. Peat soils were characterized by different activities as judged from their microbiological and biochemical parameters. The functioning of microbial communities in the studied ecotopes of the permafrost zone was within the range of natural variations, which pointed to their ecological stability.

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Держатели документа:
[Grodnitskaya, I. D.
Karpenko, L. V.
Knorre, A. A.
Syrtsov, S. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Grodnitskaya, I.D.; Karpenko, L.V.; Knorre, A.A.; Syrtsov, S.N.

[Text] / M. . Kawahigashi, A. . Prokushkin, H. . Sumida // Geoderma. - 2011. - Vol. 166, Is. 1. - P171-180, DOI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.07.027. - Cited References: 44. - This research was supported by the core to core program "Symptoms of Climate Change in Far-eastern Siberia", funded by the Japanese Society for Promotion of Science. The authors thank Alexander Kirdyanov, Tatiana Bugaenko, Svetlana Evgrafova for support in sample collection and preparation. . - 10. - ISSN 0016-7061РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: To evaluate the effects of forest fire and post-fire stand recovery on the organic layer chemistry and solute release within mound and trough microrelief elements (termed earth hummock microtopography) that mainly distribute permafrost affected area, we chose five fire plots (larch forests burned in 1951, 1981, 1990, 1994 and 2005) paired with adjacent control plots in mature larch forests in Central Siberian permafrost terrain. We determined total carbon, nitrogen and ash content in solid organic soils, and analyzed total carbon, nitrogen, bases and major anions in water extracts. There was a significant correlation between water-extracted organic carbon (WEOC) and total carbon (kg m(-2)) in area basis, implying that the quantity of total carbon was a major factor in WEOC production. WEOC correlated negatively with pH, indicating strong control by organic horizons (organic solute leaching) on soil acidity and base cation dynamics. The sum of water extractable base cations was also correlated significantly to total carbon, indicating that cations can be released through organic matter decomposition. Organic horizons in troughs in burned plots released greater amounts of Ca, Mg and K than those in mounds, probably due to greater content of organic matter as a cation source. Anions including nitrate and phosphate and WEOC also accumulated in trough depressions, due probably to organic matter degradation. The contrasting distribution of solutes between mounds and troughs in burned plots seems to be controlled by organic horizon development via changes in microtopography after forest fires. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
[Kawahigashi, Masayuki
Sumida, Hiroaki] Nihon Univ, Coll Bioresource Sci, Kanagawa 2520880, Japan
[Prokushkin, Anatoly] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

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Kawahigashi, M...; Prokushkin, A...; Sumida, H...

[Text] / T. T. Efremova, S. P. Efremov, A. F. Avrova // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2010. - Vol. 43, Is. 8. - P858-866, DOI 10.1134/S106422931008003X. - Cited References: 11. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 08-04-92501. . - 9. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: A formalized arrangement of morphogenetic types of litter according to the physicochemical parameters provided their significant grouping in three genetic associations. The litter group (highly decomposed + moderately decomposed) is confined to the tall-grass group of bog birch forests. The rhizomatous (roughly decomposed) litter is formed in the sedge-reed grass bog birch forests. The litter group (peaty + peatified + peat) is associated with the bog-herbaceous-moss group of forest types. The genetic associations of the litters (a) reliably characterize the edaphic conditions of bog birch forests and (b)correspond to formation of the peat of certain ecological groups. We found highly informative the acid-base parameters, the exchangeable cations (Ca(2+) + Mg(2+)) and the total potential acidity, which differentiated the genetic associations of litter practically with 100% probability. The expediency of studying litters under groups of forest types rather than under separate types of bog birch forests was demonstrated.

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Держатели документа:
[Efremova, T. T.
Efremov, S. P.
Avrova, A. F.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Div, Akad Gorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Efremova, T.T.; Efremov, S.P.; Avrova, A.F.

[Text] / Y. N. Krasnoshchekov, I. N. Bezkorovainaya // Biol. Bull. - 2008. - Vol. 35, Is. 1. - P70-79, DOI 10.1134/S1062359008010111. - Cited References: 20 . - 10. - ISSN 1062-3590РУБ Biology

Аннотация: The results of experimental studies on the contribution of zoogenic debris to transformation of soil properties in the southern taiga subzone of Central Siberia are analyzed. They show that water-soluble carbon outflow from the forest litter increases by 21-26% upon a Siberian moth invasion, with this value decreasing to 14% one year later. The burning of forest in an area completely defoliated by the pest leads to changes in the stock, fractional composition, actual acidity, and ash element contents of the litter. The litter-dwelling invertebrate assemblage is almost completely destroyed by fire and begins to recover only after two years.

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Держатели документа:
[Krasnoshchekov, Yu. N.
Bezkorovainaya, I. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.; Bezkorovainaya, I.N.

[Text] / Y. N. Krasnoshchekov, I. N. Bezkorovainaya, V. V. Kuz'michenko // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2007. - Vol. 40, Is. 2. - P149-157, DOI 10.1134/S1064229307020044. - Cited References: 21 . - 9. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The results of studying the dynamics of forest litter properties in the loci of a Siberian moth (Dendrolimus sibiricus) mass outbreak are considered. As a fir forest defoliated by this pest burns, the reserves and fractional composition of the forest litter, its actual acidity, and its chemical composition drastically change. Upon the burning out of such forests, the litter complex of invertebrates is fully destroyed and begins restoring only two years after the fire.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.; Bezkorovainaya, I.N.; Kuz'michenko, V.V.

[Text] / Y. N. Krasnoshchekov, Z. V. Vishnyakova // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2003. - Vol. 36, Is. 12. - P1298-1306. - Cited References: 15 . - 9. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The experimental data on the transformation of properties of soddy-deeply podzolic soils and raw humus burozems under fir forests defoliated by the Siberian moth Dendrolimus sibiricus are analyzed. In the first two months after the addition of Siberian moth excrements to the forest litter, the population of all ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms was shown to increase by 13 times, that of ammonifying phototrophs and microorganisms, taking part in humus mineralization, by 42 and 9 times, respectively. The leaching of water-soluble carbon from litters in forests defoliated by the Siberian moth was by 21-26% higher than that from litters of control ones. A year later, it was reduced to 14%. The content of exchangeable hydrogen and total acidity decreased, and the degree of base saturation increased. Within 5-6 years after the Siberian moth invasion, the transformation of physicochemical, chemical, and microbiological properties of soils was specified by succession development of the plant cover.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.; Vishnyakova, Z.V.

[Text] / O. V. Menyailo, Y. N. Krasnoshchekov // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2001. - Vol. 34, Is. 4. - P416-423. - Cited References: 19 . - 8. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The dependence of carbon mineralization and denitrification on soil chemical properties was studied in order to determine the spatial variability of these processes. Multiple regression models that describe 57% of the variation in denitrification and 97% of the variation in the organic carbon mineralization were developed. It was found that the simulation of potential denitrification activity is a more difficult problem than the simulation of C mineralization. Application of the orthogonal regression method proved that the fluxes of CO2 and N2O depend on the content of exchangeable cations in the soil (12-17% of the variability); the effect of soil acidity and the organic matter content is shown to be more significant (74-75% of the variability).

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Menyailo, O.V.; Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.

[Text] / S. M. Gorozhankina, V. D. Konstantinov // Russ. J. Ecol. - 1999. - Vol. 30, Is. 4. - P248-254. - Cited References: 29 . - 7. - ISSN 1067-4136РУБ Ecology

Аннотация: Some aspects of the ecology of plants widely distributed in the middle taiga of the left-bank Yenisei region in hydromorphic habitats-swamped forests and bogs-are discussed. Their dependence on two basic factors, soil acidity and hydrologic regime, was analyzed. Plant species were arranged in ecological-cenotic groups by the method of two-dimensional ordination with respect to these factors and comparatively characterized by the criterion of ecological plasticity.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Gorozhankina, S.M.; Konstantinov, V.D.

[Text] / O. V. Menyailo // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2009. - Vol. 42, Is. 10. - P1156-1162, DOI 10.1134/S106422930910010X. - Cited References: 23. - This work was supported in part by the Marie Curie Action-International Incoming Fellowships (EU 7th Framework Program) and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (A. von Humboldt Stiftung, Germany). . - 7. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The mineralization of organic matter in the soils under the six main Siberian forest-forming species was studied. The nitrogen mineralization and nitrification were the most affected by the different tree species. The rate of the CO(2) formation was similar in the soils under the different tree species. The factors affecting the variation of the data characterizing the microbiological processes were revealed. The nitrogen mineralization and nitrification correlated with the contents of the soil carbon, nitrogen, and NH (4) (+) and the soil acidity, while the carbon mineralization correlated only with the NH (4) (+) concentration and the C/N ratio.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Menyailo, O.V.; Marie Curie Action-International Incoming Fellowships; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

[Text] / O. V. Menyailo, B. A. Hungate, W. . Zech // Plant Soil. - 2002. - Vol. 242, Is. 2. - P171-182, DOI 10.1023/A:1016290802518. - Cited References: 30 . - 12. - ISSN 0032-079XРУБ Agronomy + Plant Sciences + Soil Science

Аннотация: Natural and human-induced changes in the composition of boreal forests will likely alter soil properties, but predicting these effects requires a better understanding of how individual forest species alter soils. We show that 30 years of experimental afforestation in Siberia caused species-specific changes in soil chemical properties, including pH, DOC, DON, Na+,NH4+, total C, C/N, Mn2+, and SO42-. Some of these properties-pH, total C, C/N, DOC, DON, Na+-also differed by soil depth, but we found no strong evidence for species-dependent effects on vertical differentiation of soil properties (i.e., no species x depth interaction). A number of soil properties-NO3-, N, Al3+, Ca2+, Fe3+, K+, Mg2+ and Cl- -responded to neither species nor depth. The six studied species may be clustered into three groups based on their effects on the soil properties. Scots pine and spruce had the lowest pH, highest C/N ratio and intermediate C content in soil. The other two coniferous species, Arolla pine and larch, had the highest soil C contents, highest pH values, and intermediate C/N ratios. Finally, the two deciduous hardwood species, aspen and birch, had the lowest C/N ratio, intermediate pH values, and lowest C content. These tree-mediated soil chemical changes are important for their likely effects on soil microbiological activities, including C and N mineralization and the production and consumption of greenhouse gases.

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Держатели документа:
Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
No Arizona Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA
No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA
Univ Bayreuth, Inst Soil Sci & Soil Geog, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany

Доп.точки доступа:
Menyailo, O.V.; Hungate, B.A.; Zech, W...

[Text] / M. I. Makarov [et al.] // Eur. J. Soil Sci. - 2015. - Vol. 66, Is. 3. - P417-426, DOI 10.1111/ejss.12243. - Cited References:35. - This work was sponsored by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (13-04-01090) and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO grants 047.011.2004.005, 047.017.010 and 047.018.003). . - ISSN 1351-0754. - ISSN 1365-2389РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: Determination of the labile soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) fractions and measurement of their isotopic signatures (C-13 and N-15) has been used widely for characterizing soil C and N transformations. However, methodological questions and comparison of results of different authors have not been fully solved. We studied concentrations and C-13 and N-15 of salt-extractable organic carbon (SEOC), inorganic (N-NH4+ and N-NO3-) and organic nitrogen (SEON) and salt-extractable microbial C (SEMC) and N (SEMN) in 0.05 and 0.5mK(2)SO(4) extracts from a range of soils in Russia. Despite differences in acidity, organic matter and N content and C and N availability in the studied soils, we found consistent patterns of effects of K2SO4 concentration on C and N extractability. Organic C and N were extracted 1.6-5.5 times more effectively with 0.5mK(2)SO(4) than with 0.05mK(2)SO(4). Extra SEOC extractability with greater K2SO4 concentrations did not depend on soil properties within a wide range of pH and organic matter concentrations, but the effect was more pronounced in the most acidic and organic-rich mountain Umbrisols. Extractable microbial C was not affected by K2SO4 concentrations, while SEMN was greater when extracted with 0.5mK(2)SO(4). We demonstrate that the C-13 and N-15 values of extractable non-microbial and microbial C and N are not affected by K2SO4 concentrations, but use of a small concentration of extract (0.05mK(2)SO(4)) gives more consistent isotopic results than a larger concentration (0.5m).

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Держатели документа:
Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Soil Sci Dept, Moscow 119991, Russia
Inst Forest SB RAS, Dept Biogeochem, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Ecol Sci, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Syst Ecol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands

Доп.точки доступа:
Makarov, M.I.; Malysheva, T.I.; Menyailo, O.V.; Soudzilovskaia, N.A.; Van Logtestijn, R. S. P.; Cornelissen, J. H. C.; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-04-01090]; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [047.011.2004.005, 047.017.010, 047.018.003]

[Text] / J. Boy [et al.] // Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat. - 2016. - Vol. 89. - Ст. 6, DOI 10.1186/s40693-016-0056-8. - Cited References:53. - We cordially thank the Instituto Antarctico Chileno (INACH-T 28-11) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, BO 3741-2-1, in the framework of the priority programme SPP 1158 Antarctic Research with comparative investigations in Arctic ice areas) for supporting this research and acknowledge the assistance of the staff at the Prof. Julio Escudero Station at Fildes. We are also grateful to Roger Michael Klatt, Pieter Wiese, Leopold Sauheitl, Joanna Weiss, Norman Gentsch and Christian Weiss for their support with this work. Special Acknwoledgements to Y. Villagra and F. Osorio for the identification of Lichens and Bryophytes species, respectively. We especially thank the reviewers for their appreciated input to the manuscript. . - ISSN 0716-078X. - ISSN 0717-6317РУБ Biodiversity Conservation + Ecology

Аннотация: Background: Maritime Antarctica is severely affected by climate change and accelerating glacier retreat forming temporal gradients of soil development. Successional patterns of soil development and plant succession in the region are largely unknown, as are the feedback mechanisms between both processes. Here we identify three temporal gradients representing horizontal and vertical glacier retreat, as well as formation of raised beaches due to isostatic uplift, and describe soil formation and plant succession along them. Our hypotheses are (i) plants in Antarctica are able to modulate the two base parameters in soil development, organic C content and pH, along the temporal gradients, leading to an increase in organic carbon and soil acidity at relatively short time scales, (ii) the soil development induces succession along these gradients, and (iii) with increasing soil development, bryophytes and Deschampsia antarctica develop mycorrhiza in maritime Antarctica in order to foster interaction with soil. Results: All temporal gradients showed soil development leading to differentiation of soil horizons, carbon accumulation and increasing pH with age. Photoautptroph succession occurred rapidly after glacier retreat, but occurrences of mosses and lichens interacting with soils by rhizoids or rhizines were only observed in the later stages. The community of ground dwelling mosses and lichens is the climax community of soil succession, as the Antarctic hairgrass D. antarctica was restricted to ornithic soils. Neither D. antarctica nor mosses at the best developed soils showed any sign of mycorrhization. Conclusion: Temporal gradients formed by glacier retreat can be identified in maritime Antarctic, where soil development and plant succession of a remarkable pace can be observed, although pseudo-succession occurs by fertilization gradients caused by bird feces. Thus, the majority of ice-free surface in Antarctica is colonized by plant communities which interact with soil by litter input rather than by direct transfer of photoassimilates to soil.

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Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Soil Sci, Herrenhauser Str 2, D-30419 Hannover, Germany.
Univ Austral Chile, Inst Ciencias Ambientales & Evolut, Valdivia, Chile.
Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland.
Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Soil Sci, D-06108 Halle, Germany.
VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Boy, Jens; Godoy, Roberto; Shibistova, Olga; Boy, Diana; McCulloch, Robert; de la Fuente, Alberto Andrino; Morales, Mauricio Aguirre; Mikutta, Robert; Guggenberger, Georg; Instituto Antarctico Chileno [INACH-T 28-11]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [BO 3741-2-1]; [SPP 1158]

/ A. V. Bogorodskaya [et al.] // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2017. - Vol. 50, Is. 6. - P720-731, DOI 10.1134/S1064229317060023 . - ISSN 1064-2293
Аннотация: Changes in soil microbial processes and phytocenotic parameters were studied in clearings made for power transmission lines in the subtaiga and southern taiga of Central Siberia. In these clearings, secondary meadow communities play the main environmental role. The substitution of meadow vegetation for forest vegetation, the increase in the phytomass by 40–120%, and the transformation of the hydrothermic regime in the clearings led to the intensification of the humus-accumulative process, growth of the humus content, reduction in acidity and oligotrophy of the upper horizons in the gray soils of the meadow communities, and more active microbial mineralization of organic matter. In the humus horizon of the soils under meadows, the microbial biomass (Cmicr) increased by 20–90%, and the intensity of basal respiration became higher by 60–90%. The values of the microbial metabolic quotient were also higher in these soils than in the soils under the native forests. In the 0- to 50-cm layer of the gray soils under the meadows, the total Cmicr reserves were 35–45% greater and amounted to 230–320 g/m3; the total microbial production of CO2 was 1.5–2 times higher than that in the soil of the adjacent forest and reached 770–840 mg CO2-C/m3 h. The predominance of mineralization processes in the soils under meadows in the clearings reflected changes in edaphic and trophic conditions of the soils and testified to an active inclusion of the herb falloff into the biological cycle. © 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

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Bogorodskaya, A. V.; Ponomareva, T. V.; Efimov, D. Y.; Shishikin, A. S.

[Текст] : статья / Михаил Данилович Евдокименко, Юрий Николаевич Краснощеков // Сибирский лесной журнал. - 2017. - № 4. - С. 66-77, DOI 10.15372/SJFS20170406 . - ISSN 2311-1410
   Перевод заглавия: Forest environmental consequences of pyrogenous anomalies in the basin of Baikal lake

УДК

630*114

630*43

Аннотация: Рассматривается природа лесопирогенных аномалий в бассейне оз. Байкал, обусловленная главным образом засушливым климатом региона и преобладанием в лесных массивах высокопожароопасных типов светлохвойных насаждений. Проанализированы пирологические режимы (благополучный, умеренный, интенсивный, экстремальный) в полном высотном диапазоне при различных метеоситуациях сезонов. Лесопирогенные аномалии возникают при интенсивном и экстремальном режимах в основном в период весенне-летнего «пожарного максимума», по мере установления на большей части территории пирологической монотонности при полном отсутствии негоримых участков растительности. Отсюда высокий риск возникновения обширных ландшафтных пожаров, что реально происходило в недавних 2003 и 2015 гг. Изучены послепожарные трансформации лесных экосистем: огневые повреждения насаждений, постпирогенная динамика их жизнеспособности и продуктивности, основные вариации в ходе лесообразовательного процесса, изменения в почвенной среде, в том числе зольности и кислотности лесных подстилок, физико-химических свойств почв. Пирогенная деструкция лесных экосистем неизбежно ведет к деградации защитных функций байкальских лесов, на восстановление которых после ландшафтных пожаров уходят многие десятилетия. Продукты эрозии почв с выгоревших площадей осложняют тревожную ныне ситуацию с загрязнением прибрежных вод Байкала.
The nature of forest pyrogenous anomalies in the basin of Baikal, due to mainly arid climate of the region and the predominance of highly inflammable types of light needle coniferous forests discussed in the paper. Pyrological regimes (placid, moderate, intense, and extreme) in the full altitudinal range at different meteorological situations of the seasons analyzed. Forest pyrogenous anomalies occur under intense and extreme conditions, especially during the spring and summer «high fire» season, as the establishment on a large part of the territory pyrological monotony with the full absence of incombustible areas of vegetation. Hence, a high risk of extensive landscape fires that really happened in recent times, in 2003 and 2015. The forest ecosystems’ post-fire transformation have been studied: fire damages of forests; post pyrogenous dynamics of their viability and productivity; the main variations in forest forming process; changes in soil environment, including the ash content and acidity of forest litter, physical and chemical soil properties. Pyrogenic degradation of forest ecosystems will inevitably lead to degradation of the protective functions of the Baikal forests, the restoration of which after landscape fires takes many decades. Products of soils erosion from the burned areas complicate current alarming situation with the pollution of coastal waters in Baikal lake.

РИНЦ

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В. Н. Сукачева СО РАН

Доп.точки доступа:
Евдокименко, Михаил Данилович; Краснощеков, Юрий Николаевич; Krasnoshchekov Yu. N.; Evdokimenko M.D.

/ A. Evgrafova [et al.] // Geoderma. - 2018. - Vol. 329. - P91-107, DOI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.05.014 . - ISSN 0016-7061
Аннотация: The vulnerability of soil organic matter (SOM) sequestered in permafrost-affected soils to climate change plays one of the key roles in the global carbon (C) cycle. However, it still remains unclear how changing soil and site-specific factors, associated with the changing depth of the permafrost table due to thawing, influence the spatial distribution and variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (N) stocks in high-latitude mineral soils. The relationships between the spatial variation of SOC and N stocks (0–30 cm) and active layer (AL) thickness, thickness of the organic layer (OL), soil acidity, Al and Fe hydroxides as well as plant- and microbial-derived C inputs were studied using ordinary statistics and geostatistics within six landscape patches (16 m2) in the Siberian forest-tundra ecotone underlain by warm and discontinuous permafrost. At deeper permafrost table, SOC and N stocks (0–30 cm) were lower and, according to the semivariogram analysis, an overall homogenization of SOC and N distribution at the analyzed scale occurred. Total N and SOC stocks were spatially independent from root-derived organic matter distribution (i.e. the concentration of suberin-derived monomers) at shallow AL patches, whereas there was a significant positive spatial correlation within deep AL and non-permafrost soils. Hence, the development of root systems and an increase in rooting depth, leading to “hot spots” of SOM accumulation at intensively rooted soil patches, was observed as a result of deeper AL. Total N and SOC stocks within deeper AL and non-permafrost subsoils were also positively spatially correlated with the concentration of Fe and Al hydroxides, demonstrating the importance of organo-mineral associations for SOM stabilization in soils with lower permafrost table. This study confirmed that deepening of the AL in boreal forest ecosystems may lead to an overall homogenization of SOM distribution and simultaneous development of distinct mechanisms of SOM accumulation and stabilization. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

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Soil Science Group, Geography Department, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, Germany Geography Department, University of Koblenz-Landau, Koblenz, Germany
Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Hanover, Germany
VN Sukachev Institute of Forest, SB-RAS, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Igarka Geocryology Laboratory, Melnikov Permafrost Institute, Yakutsk, Russian Federation
Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany

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Evgrafova, A.; de la Haye, T. R.; Haase, I.; Shibistova, O.; Guggenberger, G.; Tananaev, N.; Sauheitl, L.; Spielvogel, S.

/ T. T. Efremova [и др.] // Vestn. Tomsk. Gos. Univ. Biol. - 2018. - Is. 41. - С. 135-155, DOI 10.17223/19988591/41/8 . - ISSN 1998-8591
Аннотация: In the complex structure of the vertical altitudinal zonality of the Altai-Sayan mountain country, peat soils were almost not represented. The aim of this research was to develop a topographic series of peat soils of the Kuznetsk Alatau. The studied peatlands were confined to the basins of the Belyi Iyus and the Chernyi Iyus rivers and located at different hypsometric levels of the relief on the Eastern slope of the Kuznetsk Alatau, at 1543, 1087, 832, 622, 579 and 547m above sea level (See Fig. 1). As a criterion of vertical structural organization of soil, we used acid-base properties: water pH (water extract), salt pH (extract of 1M KCl) and general potential - nonexchangeable acidity (extract of 1M CH3COONa). The determined value of acidity was multiplied by an empirical coefficient 1.75. The sum of exchangeable cations (by Kappen-Hilkovits) was found in the extract of 0.1M HCl, in which the Ca2++Mg2+ was determined by complexometric titration. According to the difference between the sum of exchangeable cations and Ca2++Mg2+, we identified the content of other (unidentified) cations. The degree of soil saturation with bases, expressed in %, was calculated as the proportion of exchangeable bases in 0.1M HCl solution to the sum (exchangeable bases + nonexchangeable acidity). The V-diagrams, constructed on the basis of water pH, salt pH and saturation of soil absorbing complex (SAC) with exchangeable calcium and magnesium, describe the acidic trace of soil formation and simulate the acidification of top soil horizons in the course of peat genesis (See Fig. 2). High-precision regression model was proposed for the prediction of exchangeble acidity value (pHKCl) by the value of active acidity (pHH2O).Using the methods of multivariate statistical analysis (discriminant, multidimensional scaling), we grouped peat soils into three clusters with acid-base characteristics. The parameter of SAC saturation by alkaline-earth cations and pH salt value makes the dominant contribution to the organization of peat soil clusters with a final prediction 89% (See Table 3, Fig. 4). In the structure of vertical soil zones of the Altai-Sayan mountain country, particularly of the Eastern slopes of the Kuznetsk Alatau, the geochemical associations (clusters) of peat soils were identified: a) acidic and unsaturated by calcium and magnesium (<30-50%) on the whole profile within the boundaries of alpine tundra and subalpine complexes at the altitude of 1500-1100 m; b) slightly acidic and slightly saturated with bases (50-70%) within the mountaintaiga zone of dark coniferous forests 1100-800 m a.s.; c) neutral and moderately saturated with alkaline-earth base (70-90%) associations of peat soils within the zone of subtaiga-forest-steppe 800-500 m a.s. (See Table 4). Chorological organization of peat soils is in accordance with the hydrochemical zoning of underground waters and high-zone structure of the vegetation cover at automorphic sites. However, in the forest zone of wetlands of the Kuznetsk Alatau eastern slope, regardless of acid-base properties of peat soils, spruce forests mainly form, reflecting the main characteristics of soil hydromorphism. In this regard, the status of indigenous groups of swamp spruce forests can be considered as sufficient objective criteria of a regional climate change towards dryness. © 2018 Tomsk State University. All rights reserved.

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Laboratory of Phytocoenology and Forest Resource Studies, VN Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50 Akademgorodok, bld. 28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation

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Efremova, T. T.; Efremov, S. P.; Melent'Eva, N. V.; Avrova, A. F.

/ A. A. Dymov [et al.] // Theor. Appl. Ecol. - 2018. - Vol. 2018, Is. 4. - P13-23, DOI 10.25750/1995-4301-2018-4-013-023 . - ISSN 1995-4301
Аннотация: We examined changes in the morphological, physicochemical properties and features of the organic matter of forest soils impacted by wildfires on the territory of Russia. Morphological signs of pyrogenesis (pyrogenic horizon formation, partial charring of litter and illuviation of organic compounds) are most evident detected in the first decade after a fire. Ground fires in lichen pine forests, formed on Albic Podzols lead to complete burning of litter. Low intensity ground fires in sphagnum pine forests, developing on Histic Podzols, contribute to partial burning of litter (charring). Fires change the hydrothermal regime of soils, which is most clearly demonstrated for soils formed on permafrost soils / cryosols. Fires lead to hydrophobization of the upper mineral horizons, estimated from the contact angle of wetting. Resistant products of pyrogenesis (charcoals, soot) are retained in soils for several centuries. The most common changes in the physical and chemical properties of soils after fires are a decrease in acidity by 1–2 units of pH, an increase of saturation with base saturation. Fires increase aromaticity of soil organic matter. After fires, the content of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in soils increases, and the concentrations of water-soluble organic compounds decrease. Restoration of soil properties to the prefire state takes a decade to several centuries. The introduction of a universal subtype “pyrogenic” is proposed in describing the morphological characteristics of forest soils. © Publishing House O- Kratkoe. All rights reserved.

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Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch of RAS, 28, Kommunisticheskaya St., Syktyvkar, 167982, Russian Federation
Piritim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University, 55, Oktyabrskiy Prospect, Syktyvkar, 167000, Russian Federation
St. Petersburg State University, Department of Applied Ecology, 29, 16th Line, St. Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, 79/10, Svobodny St., Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Sukachev Institute of Forest Siberian Branch of RAS, 50/28, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen, 1, Wilhelmsplats, Gottingen, 37077, Germany
Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute, 7, Pyzhevskiy Pereulok, Moscow, 119017, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Dymov, A. A.; Abakumov, E. V.; Bezkorovaynaya, N.; Prokushkin, A. S.; Kuzyakov, V.; Milanovsky, E.

/ M. I. Makarov [et al.] // Russ. J. Ecol. - 2019. - Vol. 50, Is. 4. - P337-342, DOI 10.1134/S1067413619040118 . - ISSN 1067-4136
Аннотация: Abstract—The study of the effect of mycorrhiza symbiosis on the transformation of carbon and nitrogen compounds in soils is important in view of the necessity to predict variations in the cycles of nutrients under changing environmental conditions. It has been shown that the ericaceous dwarf shrub Vaccinium vitis-idaea characterized by ericoid mycorrhiza, which releases oxidative and hydrolytic enzymes into the soil, has an effect on the properties of mountain-meadow soil in the alpine phytocenosis. In the presence of V. vitis-idaea, the soil is characterized by increased acidity; higher contents of labile organic matter carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, and available phosphorus; and higher microbial activity. © 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Makarov, M. I.; Kadulin, M. S.; Turchin, S. R.; Malysheva, T. I.; Aksenova, A. A.; Onipchenko, V. G.; Menyailo, O. V.

[Текст] : статья / Тамара Тимофеевна Ефремова, Ада Федоровна Аврова // Сибирский экологический журнал. - 2019. - Т. 26, № 4. - С. 397-409, DOI 10.15372/SEJ20190403 . - ISSN 0869-8619
   Перевод заглавия: REGRESSION MODELS OF ACID-BASE PROPERTIES OF PEAT SWAMPS AS OPERATIONAL CRITERIA FOR THEIR CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION

УДК

631*415

631*445.12

519*2

Аннотация: По типу линейной функции установлены количественные связи активной кислотности (рН_Н₂О) торфяных почв с величиной обменной (рН_KCl) и гидролитической (общей) кислотности, содержанием обменных катионов и щелочноземельных оснований, а также со степенью насыщенности основаниями. Приведены коэффициенты полученных уравнений регрессии. Доказаны высокие прогностические возможности регрессионных моделей на примере независимых данных. Применение регрессионных уравнений избавляет от выполнения трудоемких аналитических работ, что позволяет оперативно осуществлять классификацию болот и торфяных почв по химическому принципу - насыщенности щелочноземельными основаниями и величине рН. Индикаторная роль ботанического состава может заслуживать доверия при условии невысокой степени разложения торфа и специальных знаний морфологии и анатомии сфагновых мхов и сосудистых болотных растений.
The quantitative relationships of active acidity (pH_H₂O) of peat soils with the value of exchange acidity (pH_KCl), nonexchangeble (total potential) acidity (1M CH₃COONa extract), and the content of exchange cations and alkaline-earth bases, as well as the degree of bases saturation were established by the type of linear function. The coefficients of the regression equations are given. Using independent data, we proved the high predictive capability of regression models. Using the regression equations eliminates the time-consuming execution of analytical works, which allows to quickly classification the wetlands and peat soils on the chemical principle - saturation of alkaline-earth bases and pH value. The indicator role of the botanical composition may be credible provided the low peat decomposition degree and special knowledge of morphology and anatomy of sphagnum mosses and vascular bog plants.

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ИЛ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр. 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Ефремова, Тамара Тимофеевна; Efremova T.T.; Аврова, Ада Федоровна; Avrova A.F.