Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ M. I. Bird, Y. N. Kalaschnikov // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 631-641
Аннотация: We present soil organic carbon (SOC) inventories and carbon isotope compositions from over 900 samples collected in areas of minimally disturbed mature vegetation on freely drained soils (excluding peatlands) on a 1000 km transect along the Yennisey River, central Siberia. Carbon inventories over 0-30 cm depth range widely from 1.71 to 7.05 kg m(-2). While an effect of changing climate or vegetation along the transect cannot be ruled out, the observed differences in SOC inventories are largely the result of variations in mineral soil texture, with inventories in fine-textured soils being approximately double those in coarse-textured soils. The delta(13)C values of SOC in the 0-5 cm interval ranged from -26.3 to -28.0parts per thousand, with delta(13)C values for the 5-30 cm interval being 0.9 +/- 0.8parts per thousand (1sigma) enriched in C-13 relative to the 0-5 cm samples. The average delta(13)C value for the 0-5 cm interval for all samples was -27.1 +/- 0.6parts per thousand (1sigma) and for the full 0-30 cm interval the average was -26.5 +/- 0.5parts per thousand (1sigma). In general, delta(13)C values were higher in coarse-textured soils and lower in fine-textured soils. The results of detailed sampling of soils in Pinus sylvestris forest growing on sand near the Zotino flux tower suggest an SOC inventory in these soils of 2.22 +/- 0.35 kg m(-2) over 30 cm and an average delta(13)C value of -26.3 +/- 0.2parts per thousand over the 0-5 cm depth interval and -25.9 +/- 0.3parts per thousand over 0-30 cm. Recent burning had no effect on SOC inventories, but clearing has led to an average 25% decrease on SOC inventories from 0-30 cm over 12 yr. Neither burning nor clearing had a discernible effect on the delta(13)C value of SOC.

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Держатели документа:
VN Sukachev Inst Forests, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Bird, M.I.; Бёрд М.И.; Kalaschnikov, Y.N.; Калашников, Евгений Никифорович

= Geographic conditionality of wildfires and estimition of damages of forests of Central Siberia : материалы временных коллективов / E. I. Ponomarev // Lesne Prace Badawcze (Forest Research Papers). - Vol. 69, № 2. - С. 109-115
Аннотация: This database of forest wildfires that occurred in Central Siberia in the years 2006 and 2007 was created on the basis of satellite image analysis. The database allowed to construct an up-to-date map of fire hazards and depict the geographic distribution of forest and non-forest fires during fire season. The duration of the active burning phase for the majority (88%) of forests in the region was 1 day. The spatial-temporal distribution of forest fires indicates a maximum fire risk at the end of June and the begining of July and in southern regions - also in spring and autumn. The analysis of images with depicting damage to forestland allows to state that c.30-40% are the stands with different stands with different degree of damage of which less than c. 30% show weak signs of recovery.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр., 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Пономарев, Евгений Иванович

: материалы временных коллективов / D. J. Mcrae [и др.] // Пожары в лесных экосистемах Сибири: материалы Всероссийской конф. с межд. участием, 17-19 сентября 2008 г., Красноярск. - 2008. - С. 196-198. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Research to monitor and document surface fire behavior characteristics in Scots pine forests of Central Siberia. Fifteen successful burns were conducted under a range of burning conditions (2000-2003). Fuel consumption, depth of burn, rate of spread, and fire line intensity were successfully modelled using the Russian Moisture Index (PV-1) or the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System as the independent variables, which should prove useful in suppression efforts undertaken by Russian fire agencies.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр., 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Mcrae, D.J.; Макрае Д.Д.; Jin, J.-Z.; Джин Дж -З.; Blake, T.V.; Блэйк Т.В.; Ivanov, Valery Alexandrovich; Иванов, Валерий Александрович; Sukhinin, Anatoly Ivanovich; Сухинин, Анатолий Иванович; Kukavskaya, Elena Alexandrovna; Кукавская, Елена Александровна; Ivanova, Galina Alexandrovna; Иванова, Галина Александровна

: материалы временных коллективов / O. Dubrovskaya, A. I. Sukhinin, V. Malbakhov, V. Shlychkov // Boreal forests in a changing world: challenges and needs for action: Proceedings of the International conference August 15-21 2011, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. - Krasnoyarsk : V.N. Sukachev Institute of forest SB RAS, 2011. - С. 123. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: The increasing of burning area in Siberia, the extension of fire season and fires intensity lead to significant carbon emission. One of the important tasks is to describe the spread of smoke aerosol and other combustion products using actual meteorological data and fire state information. A smoke aerosol covers territory hundreds times larger than the burning area and has an effect on forming the cloud and sediment formation exactly above the fire zone.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Sukhinin, Anatoly Ivanovich; Сухинин, Анатолий Иванович; Malbakhov, V.; Малбахов В.; Shlychkov, V.; Шличков В.; Дубровская О.

: материалы временных коллективов / N. M. Kovaleva, G. A. Ivanova // Boreal forests in a changing world: challenges and needs for action: Proceedings of the International conference August 15-21 2011, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. - Krasnoyarsk : V.N. Sukachev Institute of forest SB RAS, 2011. - С. 142-143. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: The influence of ground fires varying intensity on ground vegetation has been studied in pine forests of middle taiga in Central Siberia. These fires lead to reduction of a percent cover and biomass of the ground vegetation regardless of their intensity. Mosses and lichens are killed. Post-fire recovery of the ground vegetatiion is determined by the fire intensity, litter burning depth and initial forest type.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Ivanova, Galina Alexandrovna; Иванова, Галина Александровна; Ковалева, Наталья Михайловна

/ M. D. Evdokimenko // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2013. - Vol. 46, Is. 2. - P117-126, DOI 10.1134/S106422931302004X. - Cited References: 21 . - 10. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: Pyrogenic transformations of the physical state of cryogenic soils in the southern and middle taiga were investigated. The long-term dynamics of the microclimate on burns and the soil temperature and moisture to the depth of 120 cm were studied. Data on the postfire restoration of the ground cover are presented. Experiments on artificial sprinkling of burned areas differing in the degree of the burning out of the forest litter, the slope gradient, etc., have been performed. An experimental model demonstrating the relationships between the surface runoff and five environmental factors has been proposed. The pyrogenic destruction of the ground cover and the lower phytocenosis layers was accompanied by significant disturbances of the microclimate and anomalous thawing of the permafrost on the burns. In the pine stand on the colluvial fan after the intense fire, the soil temperature at the depth of 10 cm ( in the summer) exceeded the control value by 3-5 degrees C; in the larch forest on the southern slope of the Stanovoi Ridge, it increased by 1.5-2.0 times after the fire of medium intensity. On the mountain slopes, the surface runoff was significantly intensified, which resulted in drastic environmental and silvicultural consequences.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Evdokimenko, M.D.

[Текст] : монография / Edited by Johann Georg Goldammer. - [Б. м. : б. и.], 2013. - 326 с. - Библиогр.: с. 309-313. - ISBN 978-3-941300-71-2 : Б. ц.


Доп.точки доступа:
Valendik, Erik Nikolayevich; Валендик, Эрик Николаевич; Goldammer, J.G.; Kisilyakhov, Yegor Kirillovich; Кисиляхов, Егор Кириллович; Ivanova, Galina Alexandrovna; Иванова, Галина Александровна; Verkhovets, S.V.; Bryukhanov, Alexandr Viktorovich; Kosov, I.V.; Byambasuren, Oyunsanaa
Экземпляры всего: 1
Фонд (1)
Свободны: Фонд (1)

[Text] / A. V. Bogorodskaya, G. A. Ivanova, P. A. Tarasov // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2011. - Vol. 44, Is. 1. - P49-55, DOI 10.1134/S1064229310071014. - Cited References: 36. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 07-04-00562) and by the International Science and Technology Center (project no. 3695). . - 7. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The postfire transformation of the functional activity of the microbial cenoses and the main soil properties under mixed larch forests were studied in the lower reaches of the Angara River. It was shown that the intensity of the postfire changes in the population density, biomass, and activity of the microorganisms in the dark podzolized brown forest soil depended on the degree of burning of the ground cover and the surface litter during the fire. The maximum effects of the fire on the microbial cenoses were observed in the litter and the upper 5-cm-thick layer of the dark-humus horizon in the areas of intense burning. The postfire restoration of the structural-functional activity of the microbial cenoses was determined by the degree of transformation of soil properties and by the postpyrogenic succession in the ground cover. The microbial complexes of the dark podzolized brown forest soils under mixed larch forests in the studied region restored their functional activity after the fires of different intensities quicker than the microbial cenoses of the sandy podzols in the pyrogenic lichen-green-moss pine forests of the same zone.

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Держатели документа:
[Bogorodskaya, A. V.
Ivanova, G. A.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Tarasov, P. A.] Siberian State Technol Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Bogorodskaya, A.V.; Ivanova, G.A.; Tarasov, P.A.

[Text] / Y. N. Krasnoshchekov, I. N. Bezkorovainaya // Biol. Bull. - 2008. - Vol. 35, Is. 1. - P70-79, DOI 10.1134/S1062359008010111. - Cited References: 20 . - 10. - ISSN 1062-3590РУБ Biology

Аннотация: The results of experimental studies on the contribution of zoogenic debris to transformation of soil properties in the southern taiga subzone of Central Siberia are analyzed. They show that water-soluble carbon outflow from the forest litter increases by 21-26% upon a Siberian moth invasion, with this value decreasing to 14% one year later. The burning of forest in an area completely defoliated by the pest leads to changes in the stock, fractional composition, actual acidity, and ash element contents of the litter. The litter-dwelling invertebrate assemblage is almost completely destroyed by fire and begins to recover only after two years.

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Держатели документа:
[Krasnoshchekov, Yu. N.
Bezkorovainaya, I. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.; Bezkorovainaya, I.N.

[Text] / I. N. Bezkorovainaya [et al.] // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2007. - Vol. 40, Is. 6. - P700-707, DOI 10.1134/S1064229307060129. - Cited References: 20 . - 8. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The influence of ground fires of different intensities on the nitrogen pool in the sandy soils under pine forests of the middle taiga zone after their experimental burning was studied. The contents of total nitrogen and its ammonium form increased due to the input of great amounts of plant falloff during the first year after the fire. Within two years after the fire, the content of nitrogen and the percentages of its forms approached their initial values before the fire. The adverse effect of the pyrogenic factor on the biological activity of the sandy podzols was shown.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Siberian State Technol Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Bezkorovainaya, I.N.; Tarasov, P.A.; Ivanova, G.A.; Bogorodskaya, A.V.; Krasnoshchekova, E.N.

[Text] / Y. N. Krasnoshchekov, I. N. Bezkorovainaya, V. V. Kuz'michenko // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2007. - Vol. 40, Is. 2. - P149-157, DOI 10.1134/S1064229307020044. - Cited References: 21 . - 9. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The results of studying the dynamics of forest litter properties in the loci of a Siberian moth (Dendrolimus sibiricus) mass outbreak are considered. As a fir forest defoliated by this pest burns, the reserves and fractional composition of the forest litter, its actual acidity, and its chemical composition drastically change. Upon the burning out of such forests, the litter complex of invertebrates is fully destroyed and begins restoring only two years after the fire.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.; Bezkorovainaya, I.N.; Kuz'michenko, V.V.

[Text] / E. S. Kasischke [et al.] // Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle. - 2005. - Vol. 19, Is. 1. - Ст. GB1012, DOI 10.1029/2004GB002300. - Cited References: 80 . - 16. - ISSN 0886-6236РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: 1] There were large interannual variations in burned area in the boreal region ( ranging between 3.0 and 23.6 x 10 6 ha yr(-1)) for the period of 1992 and 1995-2003 which resulted in corresponding variations in total carbon and carbon monoxide emissions. We estimated a range of carbon emissions based on different assumptions on the depth of burning because of uncertainties associated with the burning of surface-layer organic matter commonly found in boreal forest and peatlands, and average total carbon emissions were 106-209 Tg yr(-1) and CO emissions were 330-77 Tg CO yr(-1). Burning of ground-layer organic matter contributed between 46 and 72% of all emissions in a given year. CO residuals calculated from surface mixing ratios in the high Northern Hemisphere ( HNH) region were correlated to seasonal boreal fire emissions in 8 out of 10 years. On an interannual basis, variations in area burned explained 49% of the variations in HNH CO, while variations in boreal fire emissions explained 85%, supporting the hypotheses that variations in fuels and fire severity are important in estimating emissions. Average annual HNH CO increased by an average of 7.1 ppb yr(-1) between 2000 and 2003 during a period when boreal fire emissions were 26 to 68 Tg CO(-1) higher than during the early to mid-1990s, indicating that recent increases in boreal fires are influencing atmospheric CO in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Держатели документа:
Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
Altarum, Ann Arbor, MI 48113 USA
NOAA, Climate Modeling & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA
Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kasischke, E.S.; Hyer, E.J.; Novelli, P.C.; Bruhwiler, L.P.; French, NHF; Sukhinin, A.I.; Hewson, J.H.; Stocks, B.J.

[Text] / A. J. Soja [et al.] // J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. - 2004. - Vol. 109, Is. D14. - Ст. D14S06, DOI 10.1029/2004JD004570. - Cited References: 126 . - 25. - ISSN 2169-897XРУБ Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: [ 1] In the biomass, soils, and peatlands of Siberia, boreal Russia holds one of the largest pools of terrestrial carbon. Because Siberia is located where some of the largest temperature increases are expected to occur under current climate change scenarios, stored carbon has the potential to be released with associated changes in fire regimes. Our concentration is on estimating a wide range of current and potential emissions from Siberia on the basis of three modeled scenarios. An area burned product of Siberia is introduced, which spans from 1998 through 2002. Emissions models are spatially explicit; therefore area burned is extracted from associated ecoregions for each year. Carbon consumption estimates are presented for 23 unique ecoregions across Siberia, which range from 3.4 to 75.4 t C ha(-1) for three classes of severity. Total direct carbon emissions range from the traditional scenario estimate of 116 Tg C in 1999 (6.9 M ha burned) to the extreme scenario estimate of 520 Tg C in 2002 (11.2 M ha burned), which are equivalent to 5 and 20%, respectively, of total global carbon emissions from forest and grassland burning. Our results suggest that disparities in the amount of carbon stored in unique ecosystems and the severity of fire events can affect total direct carbon emissions by as much as 50%. Additionally, in extreme fire years, total direct carbon emissions can be 37 - 41% greater than in normal fire years, owing to increased soil organic matter consumption. Mean standard scenario estimates of CO2 ( 555 - 1031 Tg), CO ( 43 - 80 Tg), CH4 (2.4 - 4.5 Tg), TNMHC (2.2 - 4.1 Tg), and carbonaceous aerosols (4.6 - 8.6 Tg) represent 10, 15, 19, 12 and 26%, respectively, of the global estimates from forest and grassland burning. Accounting for smoldering combustion in soils and peatlands results in increases in CO, CH4, and TNMHC and decreases in CO2 emitted from fire events.

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Держатели документа:
Terra Syst Res Inc, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA
US Forest Serv, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA
Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Soja, A.J.; Cofer, W.R.; Shugart, H.H.; Sukhinin, A.I.; Stackhouse, P.W.; McRae, D.J.; Conard, S.G.

[Text] / K. . Kovacs [et al.] // Earth Interact. - 2004. - Vol. 8. - Ст. 18. - Cited References: 28. - This work was funded by NASA's Office for Earth Sciences. Thanks to Marc Imhoff for access to DMSP stable lights data. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful suggestions. . - 25. - ISSN 1087-3562РУБ Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: Fires are a common occurrence in the Siberian boreal forest. The thermal anomalies product of the Terra/Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product suite is designed to detect thermal anomalies (i.e., hotspots or fires) on the Earth's surface. Many, but not all, of the hot spots detected by MODIS in Siberia are wild fires. Agricultural burning and industrial activities also contribute. Using MODIS data from the years 2001, 2002, and 2003 along with a geographical information system (GIS), the type, extent, and duration of hot spots were examined. In addition, high correlations were found between the number of fires and proximity to human activities. Different types of land-cover thermal anomalies were found to have a strong, positive correlation with some anthropogenic features, such as roads, human settlements, and mineral industry locations. The agricultural (r(2) = 0.95) and the forest (r(2) = 0.81) thermal anomalies had the highest positive correlation with proximity to roads. The correlation was stronger between burned forests and roads (r(2001)(2) = 0.81, r(2002)(2) = 0.90, r(2003)(2) = 0.88) than between any forested land and roads (r(2) = 0.52). The results indicate that forest fires tend to occur near agricultural fires (r(2001)(2) 0.93, r(2002)(2) = 0.87, r(2003)(2) = 0.94). Anthropogenic feature and land-cover thermal anomaly (LCTA) relationships tend to be stronger in a high fire year (2003) than in a low fire year (2001). This alone does imply causation, but might be an indicator of natural and anthropogenic factors acting together to shape where and when fires are burning. These findings have important implications for carbon and climate modelers wishing to use MODIS products to quantify and predict carbon storage and climate change.

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Держатели документа:
[Kovacs, Katalin] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Seabrook, MD 20706 USA
[Ranson, K. Jon] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[Sun, Guoqing] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[Kharuk, Vlacheslav I.] Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kovacs, K...; Ranson, K.J.; Sun, G.Q.; Kharuk, V.I.; NASA's Office for Earth Sciences

[Text] / S. G. Conard, G. A. Ivanova // Environ. Pollut. - 1997. - Vol. 98, Is. 3. - P305-313, DOI 10.1016/S0269-7491(97)00140-1. - Cited References: 41 . - 9. - ISSN 0269-7491РУБ Environmental Sciences

Аннотация: Most of the research about the effects of the release of carbon and other chemicals to the atmosphere during forest fir es focuses on emissions from crown fires or slash fires in which a high percentage of the fine fuels are burned However, in many temper-ate and boreal conifer ecosystems, surface fires of varying intensities and severities are an important part of the fire regime. In Russia a large percentage of the area burned in a typical year is in surface fires, which will result in lower carbon emissions than crown fires because of lower fuel consumption. lit Russian boreal for est, different distribution patterns of fire severity across the landscape could produce fourfold differences in carbon release. Furthermore, tree mortality after surface fires is often quite extensive, leading to a pulse in carbon release as needles and other fine fuels fall to the ground and decompose. With extensive tree mortality a decrease in carbon sequestration is expected for several years, until stand level photosynthesis returns to prefire levels. Perhaps the largest potential source of error in estimates of carbon release from biomass fires in Russia is inaccuracy in estimates of burned area. Many published estimates of annual burned area in Russia may be extremely low. On the basis of information on fire return intervals and area of boreal forest, 12 million ha per year may be a reasonable conservative estimate of burned area until better data are available. Based on this estimate, direct and indirect fire-generated carbon emissions from boreal forests worldwide may exceed 20% of the estimated global emissions from biomass burning, making them an important component in understanding global atmospheric chemistry. In considering effects of fire an global atmospheric chemistry, it is important to include the effects of fire severity, postfire mortality, decomposition of fine fuels, and changing postfire vegetation structure as components of fire-induced changes in ecosystem-level carbon flux. But the most important factor may be accurate information on the annual area burned. Levels of carbon storage are likely to be highly sensitive to changes in fire return intervals that result from direct human activities and from climatic changes, making accurate assessments of burned areas and fire severity critical. Strong fire management programs will be key to managing future fire regimes and carbon cycling in Russia's boreal forest. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Akademgorodok 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Conard, S.G.; Ivanova, G.A.

/ Y. N. Samsonov [et al.] // Int. J. Wildland Fire. - 2012. - Vol. 21, Is. 7. - P818-827, DOI 10.1071/WF11038. - Cited References: 41. - The authors thank S. G. Conard and G. A. Ivanova for participation in designing and organising the fire experiments of which this research was a part. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Land-Cover Land-Use Change program; USDA Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service; and the Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF). The International Science and Technology Center (project 3695) and the Russian-based Research Foundation for Basic Research (grant 08-05-00083) provided additional financial support. . - 10. - ISSN 1049-8001РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Approximately 20 experimental fires were conducted on forest plots of 1-4 ha each in 2000-07 in two types of boreal forests in central Siberia, and 18 on 6 x 12-m plots in 2008-10. These experiments were designed to mimic wildfires under similar burning conditions. The fires were conducted in prescribed conditions including full documentation on pre-fire weather, pre-fire and post-fire forest fuels, fire intensities, and other biological, physical and chemical parameters. The amount of particulate matter emitted during a typical fire averaged 0.6 t ha(-1) and ranged within 0.2-1.0 t ha(-1) depending on burning conditions. Particulates accounted for similar to 1-7% of the total mass of the consumed biomass during a typical forest fire (10-30 t ha(-1) based on our data from 2000-07). Most of the particulate matter consists of organic substances, 77% on average, with a range of 70-90%. Elemental carbon averaged 8%, with a range of 2-18%. Trace element compositions and amounts of particulates indicate that there was no actual difference in the element emissions sampled from the fires conducted in the two forest types (6-8% in larch forest and 8% in pine forest). Most of the particulate matter, 90-95%, consists of submicrometre and near-micrometre particles similar to 0.1-5 mu m in diameter.

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Держатели документа:
[Samsonov, Y. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
[Ivanov, V. A.] Siberian State Technol Univ, Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[McRae, D. J.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
[Baker, S. P.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Samsonov, Y.N.; Ivanov, V.A.; McRae, D.J.; Baker, S.P.

[Text] / V. I. Kharuk, E. S. Kasischke, O. E. Yakubailik // Int. J. Wildland Fire. - 2007. - Vol. 16, Is. 5. - P556-562, DOI 10.1071/WF05009. - Cited References: 14 . - 7. - ISSN 1049-8001РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: In the 1990s, catastrophic fires affected similar to 8 million ha of forest lands in the Russian Far East, including forests of Sakhalin Island. A study that correlated the spatial distribution of burned area and topographic features (elevation, slope, aspect) was carried out for Sakhalin Island. Burned area information derived from forest inventory maps (1935 to 1990) and satellite imagery (1998) was digitised and entered into a Geographic Information System. The burned area locations were correlated with topographic information; the normalisation procedure allows for analysis of the dependence of the fire scars on landscape features. The analyses show that fires occur primarily on the eastern, south- and north-eastern facing areas; > 90% of fires occur at elevations lower than 300 m, and > 95% occur on slopes < 10 degrees. For the period 1935 to 1998, similar to 54% of the Sakhalin Island forest land territory was burned. From the total area of fire scars, formed from 1935 to 1998, 90.5% occurred owing to single fires, 8.6% of fire scars were the result of burning by two fires, 0.9% of fire scars were from three fires, and 0.03% from four fires. A fire return interval for the study region is similar to 120 years.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Comp Modeling, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, V.I.; Kasischke, E.S.; Yakubailik, O.E.

[Text] / O. V. Chankina [et al.] // Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. - 2001. - Vol. 470: 13th Conference on National Synchrotron Radiation (JUL 17-21, 2000, NOVOSIBIRSK, RUSSIA), Is. 01.02.2013. - P444-447, DOI 10.1016/S0168-9002(01)01094-4. - Cited References: 9 . - 4. - ISSN 0168-9002РУБ Instruments & Instrumentation + Nuclear Science & Technology + Physics, Particles & Fields + Spectroscopy

Аннотация: The results of the SRXFA determination of the multielement composition of aerosols forming on fires in the boreal forests of Siberia are given. A comparison of the multielement composition of aerosols in the convective column of large forest fires and smoke plumes of surface fires with that of atmospheric aerosols of the Siberian region shows that the mass concentration of all analyzed elements exceeds the background values upon fires. A substantial change is observed in the quantitative composition of the aerosols. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Полный текст,
WOS

Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Chankina, O.V.; Churkina, T.V.; Ivanov, A.V.; Ivanov, V.A.; Ivanova, G.A.; Koutsenogii, K.P.; Kovalskaya, G.A.

/ X. Chi [et al.] // Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - 2013. - Vol. 13, Is. 24. - P12271-12298, DOI 10.5194/acp-13-12271-2013 . - ISSN 1680-7316
Аннотация: Siberia is one of few continental regions in the Northern Hemisphere where the atmosphere may sometimes approach pristine background conditions. We present the time series of aerosol and carbon monoxide (CO) measurements between September 2006 and December 2011 at the Zotino Tall Tower Observatory (ZOTTO) in Central Siberia (61° N; 89° E). We investigate the seasonal, weekly and diurnal variations of aerosol properties (including absorption and scattering coefficients and derived parameters, such as equivalent black carbon (BC e), Angstrom exponent, single scattering albedo, and backscattering ratio) and the CO mixing ratios. Criteria were established to distinguish polluted from near-pristine air masses, providing quantitative characteristics for each type. Depending on the season, 23-36% of the sampling time at ZOTTO was found to be representative of a clean atmosphere. The summer pristine data indicate that primary biogenic and secondary organic aerosol formation are quite strong particle sources in the Siberian taiga. The summer seasons 2007-2008 were dominated by an Aitken mode around 80 nm size, whereas the summer 2009 with prevailing easterly winds produced particles in the accumulation mode around 200 nm size. We found these differences to be mainly related to air temperature, through its effect on the production rates of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) precursor gases. In winter, the particle size distribution peaked at 160 nm, and the footprint of clean background air was characteristic for aged particles from anthropogenic sources at great distances from ZOTTO and diluted biofuel burning emissions from domestic heating. The wintertime polluted air originates mainly from large cities south and southwest of the site; these particles have a dominant mode around 100 nm, and the ?BCe/?CO ratio of 7-11 ng m -3 ppb-1 suggests dominant contributions from coal and biofuel burning for heating. During summer, anthropogenic emissions are the dominant contributor to the pollution particles at ZOTTO, while only 12% of the polluted events are classified as biomass-burning-dominated, but then often associated with extremely high CO concentrations and aerosol absorption coefficients. Two biomass-burning case studies revealed different &Delta;BCe/?CO ratios from different fire types, with the agricultural fires in April?2008 yielding a very high ratio of 21 ng m -3 ppb-1. Overall, we find that anthropogenic sources dominate the aerosol population at ZOTTO most of the time, even during nominally clean episodes in winter, and that near-pristine conditions are encountered only in the growing season and then only episodically. © Author(s) 2013.

Scopus,
WOS

Держатели документа:
Biogeochemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55020 Mainz, Germany
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, 07745 Jena, Germany
Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany

Доп.точки доступа:
Chi, X.; Winderlich, J.; Mayer, J.-C.; Panov, A.V.; Heimann, M.; Birmili, W.; Heintzenberg, J.; Cheng, Y.; Andreae, M.O.

/ E. N. Valendik [et al.] // Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. - 2006. - Vol. 11, Is. 4. - P883-896, DOI 10.1007/s11027-005-9017-2 . - ISSN 1381-2386
Аннотация: Mechanical treatment and prescribed fire were used to restore a mixed conifer stand (Picea-Abies-Pinus) following mortality from an outbreak of Siberian moth (Dendrolimus superans sibiricus). Moth-killed stands often become dominated by Calamagrostis, a sod-forming grass. The large amount of woody debris and the sod hinder coniferous seedling establishment and development as well as creating conditions favorable to the establishment and propagation of wildfires. Fire has been demonstrated to be an effective method of reducing woody debris and eliminating sod, but the random nature and timing of wildfires often do not create conditions favorable for conifer regeneration. Our study was conducted in a mature fir dominated stand that died during an outbreak 6-8 years previously with most of the dead trees still standing. A bulldozer drove through the stand downing standing snags in late summer with 15-20 m between passes. Snags knocked down by the bulldozer and additional snag fall throughout the following winter increased downed dead wood 50-60% and large downed dead wood 80% compared to an adjacent untreated area. In June, a prescribed fire was set and fuel load consumption averaged 70%. Average soil temperatures during the burn ranged from 47В°C at a depth of 2 cm to 10В°C at 10 cm; hot enough to kill the grass. Following treatment, the potential for wildfire was reduced and the area was suitable for either natural conifer regeneration or planting without further mechanical site preparation. В© Springer 2006.

Scopus

Держатели документа:
V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Research Station, Durham, NH 03824, United States
USDA Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59807, United States
USDA Forest Service, Tahoe National Forest, Nevada City, CA 95959, United States

Доп.точки доступа:
Valendik, E.N.; Brissette, J.C.; Kisilyakhov, Y.K.; Lasko, R.J.; Verkhovets, S.V.; Eubanks, S.T.; Kosov, I.V.; Lantukh, A.Yu.