Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ N.M. Tchebakova et al, O. Shibistova // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 537-551
Аннотация: Long-term eddy covariance measurements of energy and water fluxes and associated climatic parameters were carried out above a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forest in the middle taiga zone of Central Siberia. Data from June 1998 through October 2000 are presented. With the exception of winter 1998/1999, data collection over this period were more or less continuous. A distinct seasonality in surface energy exchange characteristics was observed in all years. In early spring in the absence of physiological activity by the vegetation, about 80% of the net radiation was partitioned for sensible heat, resulting in Bowen ratios, beta, as high as 8. In the 1-2 wk period associated with onset of photosynthesis in spring, evaporation rates increased rapidly and beta rapidly dropped. However, even during summer months, sensible heat fluxes typically exceeded latent heat fluxes and beta remained above 2.0. Observed daily evaporation rates varied between 0.5-1.0 mm d(-1) in spring and autumn and 1.5-2 mm d(-1) in midsummer. The overall average for the three growing seasons examined was 1.25 mm d(-1). Precipitation was on average 230 mm for the growing period, with evaporation over the same time being about 190 mm for both 1999 and 2000. This represented only about 35% of the equilibrium evaporation rate. There was typically a positive hydrological balance of 40 mm for the growing season as a whole. However, in all three years examined, evaporation exceeded precipitation totals by 20-40 mm in at least one calendar month during summer. During the growing season, daily averaged surface conductances varied between 0.15 and 0.20 mol m(-2) s(-1) (3-4.5 mm s(-1)) in dry or cool months and 0.30-0.35 mol m(-2) s(-1) (6.5-8 mm s(-1)) in moist and warm months. Despite a negative hydrological balance during midsummer, there was little evidence for reduced canopy conductances in response to soil water deficits. This may have been the consequence of roots accessing water from within or just above a perched water table, located at about 2 m depth.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest

Доп.точки доступа:
Tchebakova, Nadezhda Mikhailovna; Чебакова, Надежда Михайловна; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна

/ O. Shibistova, G. Zrazhevskaya et al // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 568-589
Аннотация: Using a ground-based and an above-canopy eddy covariance system in addition to stem respiration measurements, the annual respiratory fluxes attributable to soil, stems and foliage were determined for a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest growing in central Siberia. Night-time foliar respiration was estimated on the basis of the difference between fluxes measured below and above the canopy and the stem respiration measurements. Comparison of the effects of night-time turbulence on measured CO2 fluxes showed flux loss above the canopy at low wind speeds, but no such effect was observed for the ground-based eddy system. This suggests that problems with flow homogeneity or flux divergence (both of which would be expected to be greater above the canopy than below) were responsible for above-canopy losses under these conditions. After correcting for this, a strong seasonality in foliar respiration was observed. This was not solely attributable to temperature variations, with intrinsic foliar respiratory capacities being much greater in spring and autumn. The opposite pattern was observed for stem respiration, with the intrinsic respiratory capacity being lower from autumn through early spring. Maximum respiratory activity was observed in early summer. This was not simply associated with a response to higher temperatures but seemed closely linked with cambial activity and the development of new xylem elements. Soil respiration rates exhibited an apparent high sensitivity to temperature, with seasonal data implying a Q(10) of about 7. We interpret this as reflecting covarying changes in soil microbial activity and soil temperatures throughout the snow-free season. Averaged over the two study years (1999 and 2000), the annual respiratory flux was estimated at 38.3 mol C m(-2) a(-1). Of this 0.61 was attributable to soil respiration, with stem respiration accounting for 0.21 and foliar respiration 0.18.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukacehv Forest Inst, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна; Zrazhevskaya, Galina Kirillovna; Зражевская, Галина Кирилловна

/ J. Lloyd, O. Shibistova et al // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 590-610
Аннотация: We present a first analysis of data (June 1998 to December 2000) from the long-term eddy covariance site established in a Pinus sylvestris stand near Zotino in central Siberia as part of the EUROSIBERIAN CARBONFLUX project. As well as examining seasonal patterns in netecosystem exchange (N-E), daily, seasonal and annual estimates of the canopy photosynthesis (or gross primary productivity, G(P)) were obtained using N-E and ecosystem respiration measurements. Although the forest was a small (but significant) source of CO2 throughout the snow season (typically mid-October to early May) there was a rapid commencement of photosynthetic capacity shortly following the commencement of above-zero air temperatures in spring: in 1999 the forest went from a quiescent state to significant photosynthetic activity in only a few days. Nevertheless, canopy photosynthetic capacity was observed to continue to increase slowly throughout the summer months for both 1999 and 2000, reaching a maximum capacity in early August. During September there was a marked decline in canopy photosynthesis which was only partially attributable to less favourable environmental conditions. This suggests a reduction in canopy photosynthetic capacity in autumn, perhaps associated with the cold hardening process. For individual time periods the canopy. photosynthetic rate was mostly dependent upon incoming photon irradiance. However, reductions in both canopy conductance and overall photosynthetic rate in response to high canopy-to-air vapour differences were clearly evident on hot dry days. The relationship between canopy conductance and photosynthesis was examined using Cowan's notion of optimality in which stomata serve to maximise the marginal evaporative cost of plant carbon gain. The associated Lagrangian multiplier (lambda) was surprisingly constant throughout the growing season. Somewhat remarkably, however, its value was markedly different between years, being 416 mol mol(-1) in 1999 but 815 mol mol(-1) in 2000. Overall the forest was a substantial sink for CO2 in both 1999 and 2000: around 13 Mol C m(-2) a(-1). Data from this experiment, when combined with estimates of net primary productivity from biomass sampling suggest that about 20% of this sink was associated with increasing plant biomass and about 80% with an increase in the litter and soil organic carbon pools. This high implied rate of carbon accumulation in the litter soil organic matter pool seems unsustainable in the long term and is hard to explain on the basis of current knowledge.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 66003, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Lloyd, J.; Лойд Дж.; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна

/ J.M. Styles et al, O. Shibistova // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 655-676
Аннотация: A canopy scale model is presented that utilises Lagrangian dispersal theory to describe the relationship between source distribution and concentration within the canopy. The present study differs from previous studies in three ways: (1) source/sink distributions are solved simultaneously for CO2, (CO2)-C-13, H2O and sensible heat to find a solution consistent with leaf-level constraints imposed by photosynthetic capacity, stomatal and boundary layer conductance, available energy and carbon isotopic discrimination during diffusion and carboxylation; (2) the model is used to solve for parameters controlling the nonlinear source interactions rather than the sources themselves; and (3) this study used plant physiological principles to allow the incorporation of within- and above-canopy measurements of the C-13/C-12 ratios Of CO2 as an additional constraint. Source strengths Of CO2, H2O, sensible heat and (CO2)-C-13 within a Siberian mixed-coniferous forest were constrained by biochemical and energy-balance principles applied to sun and shaded leaves throughout the canopy. Parameters relating to maximum photosynthetic capacity, stomatal conductance, radiation penetration and turbulence structure were determined by the optimisation procedure to match modelled and measured concentration profiles, effectively inverting the concentration data. Ground fluxes Of CO2, H2O and sensible heat were also determined by the inversion. Total ecosystem fluxes predicted from the inversion were compared to hourly averaged above-canopy eddy covariance measurements over a ten-day period, with good agreement. Model results showed that stomatal conductance and maximum photosynthetic capacity were depressed due to the low temperatures experienced during snow melt; radiation penetrated further than simple theoretical predictions because of leaf clumping and penumbra, and stability effects were important in the morning and evening. The inversion was limited by little vertical structure in the concentration profiles, particularly of water vapour, and by co-dependence of canopy parameters.

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Держатели документа:
VN Sukachev Inst Forests, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Styles , J.M.; Стайлес Дж.М.; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна

/ C. J. Nichol, O. Shibistova // Tellus. Series B: Chemical and physical meteorology. - 2002. - Vol. 54B, № 5. - С. 677-687
Аннотация: The relationship between a physiological index called the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and photosynthetic light-use-efficiency (LUE) of a Siberian boreal forest during the winter-spring transition, or green-up period, was investigated in 2000. During this time the photosynthetic apparatus was considered under stress as a result of extremes of temperature (from -20 to 35 degreesC) coupled with a high radiation load. Reflectance measurements of four stands were made from a helicopter-mounted spectroradiometer and PRI was calculated from these data. Eddy covariance towers were operating at the four stands and offered a means to calculate LUE. A significant linear relationship was apparent between PRI, calculated from the helicopter spectral data, and LUE, calculated from the eddy covariance data, for the four sites sampled. Reflectance measurements were also made of a Scots pine stand from the eddy covariance tower. Needles were also sampled during the time of spectral data acquisition for xanthophyll pigment determination. Strong linear relationships were observed among PRI, the epoxidation state of the xanthophyll cycle (EPS) and LUE over the green-up period and the diurnal cycle at the canopy scale.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Nichol, C.J.; Найчол С.Дж.; Shibistova, Olga Borisovna; Шибистова, Ольга Борисовна

: материалы временных коллективов / A. Takenaka, Y. Matsuura, A. P. Abaimov // Proceedings of the seventh Symposium on the joint Seberian Permafrost studies between Japan and Russia in 1998. - 1999. - С. 33-39. - рус. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Continuous measurements of soil temperature over a year revealed that the thawing period was longer at a burnt area where the mat layer is thin. In addition, the temperature of the thawed soil was high in the burnt area throughout the summer season compared to sites under closed forest canopy with a thick mat layer.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036 Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Matsuura, Y.; Матсуура У.; Abaimov, Anatoly Platonovich; Абаимов Анатолий Платонович; Такенака А.
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: материалы временных коллективов / V. I. Kharuk // Water, air & soil pollution. - 1995. - Vol. 82, № 1-2. - С. 483-497. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Our findings have shown that the spectral characteristics of aspen bark differ considerably from the "grey body" representations typically utilised in radiative transfer models. Also, since the bark and leaf canopy fractions have different C assimilation capacities, the partitioning of canopy Chl into leaf and bark strata should improve C assimilation estimates. Remote sensing technology must be relied upon, especially in vast and largely in accessible regions such as the boreal biome, for landscape- and regional-scale studies of C budgets. In these studies, estimates of forest productivity and C exchange currently rely on spectral indices obtained from remote satellite/aircraft sensors; these spectral ratios are used to indirectly estimate C assimilation through correlation with chlorophyll and photosynthetic capacity.

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Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036 Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, Vyacheslav Ivanovich; Харук Вячеслав Иванович
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Арх (04.05.2007г. (1 экз.) - Б.ц.) - свободны 1

: материалы временных коллективов / M. Kobayashi, Y. P. Nemilostiv, O. A. Zyryanova et al // Eurasian Journal of Forest Research. - 2007. - Vol. 10-1. - С. 51-58. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: The number of forest fires has been increasing in the mixed conifer broad-leaved forests in the southern part of Far Eastern Russia. We should analyze the effect of this new fire regime on the vegetation and carbon budget in the forest ecosystem of this region. As each woody species develops specific traits to adapt to certain fire regimes, a change of fire regime affects each species differently. This can result in the alteration of the species composition of forest ecosystems. In the present study, we rewieded those adaptive traits exhibited by species in the region, and hypothesized a possible mechsnism for the changes of species composition and amount of biomass stock that would result from the new fire regime. The new fire regime described were an increased frequency of both intense canopy fires and low intensity surface fires. Both kinds of increased fire result in an increase of Betula platyphylla forests, but with different mechanisms. We proposed that an increase of Betula platyphylla forests due to either mechanism results in a decrease of biomass density.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр., 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Kobayashi, M.; Кобаяши М.; Nemilostiv, Y.P.; Немилостив И.П; Zyryanova, Olga Alexandrovna; Зырянова Ольга Александровна
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: материалы временных коллективов / K. Takayoshi, K. Satoshi, O. V. Masyagina // Eurasian Journal of Forest Research. - 2007. - Vol. 10-1. - С. 115-119. - Библиогр. в конце ст.
Аннотация: Dynamics of nitrogen in leaves of trees and seedlings of deciduous broad-leaf species were studied for improving forest management. The photosynthetic traits of canopy leaves of diciduous broad-leaved trees were measured using a canopy tower. There was a clear positive correlation between leaf nitrogen content and light saturated photosynthetic rate at sunny canopy. As reflecting the shoot development pattern, leaf senescence began from the inner part of the crown in early successional species, by contrast leaf senescence process commences from either the outer or top portion of the crown in late successional species. For regenerated seedlings in forest floor, seasonal change in the allocation pattern of leaf nitrogen coincided with the changing of light conditions through the leaf phenology of upper canopy. In light limited condition, nitrogen was allocated to chlorophyll while it allocated to more to photosynthetic carbon fixation, i.e. Rubisco in strong light condition. Nitrogen allocated was affected more by light to CO2 condition that was found in birch and beech seedlings with a FACE system.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр., 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Takayoshi, K.; Такаёши К.; Satoshi, K.; Сатоши К.; Masyagina, Oksana Viktorovna; Масягина, Оксана Викторовна
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/ Y. N. Krasnoshchekov, Y. S. Cherednikova // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2012. - Vol. 45, Is. 10. - P929-938, DOI 10.1134/S1064229312100055. - Cited References: 24. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 08-04-00027). . - 10. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The results of experimental investigations of the postpyrogenic dynamics of the widespread rawhumus podzols under Pinus sibirica forests in the southern Lake Baikal basin are discussed. Ground fires transform the diagnostic surface organic soil horizons into organic pyrogenic horizons (Opir, OL/Opir, and AOpir). The adverse effect of ground fires of different intensities on the changes in the reserves, the fractional composition of the litters, and the chemical composition of the organic horizons is shown. The soils of dark coniferous forests are inclined to long-lasting restoration. The Pinus sibirica regrowth under the canopy of deciduous species serves as the basis for the restoration of native stands and the formation of the soils characteristic of the southern part of the Lake Baikal basin.

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Держатели документа:
[Krasnoshchekov, Yu. N.
Cherednikova, Yu. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Krasnoshchekov, Y.N.; Cherednikova, Y.S.

/ E. D. Schulze [et al.] // Biogeosciences. - 2012. - Vol. 9, Is. 4. - P1405-1421, DOI 10.5194/bg-9-1405-2012. - Cited References: 39. - We thank Annett Borner for her help with the artwork, and Dominik Hessenmoller for his help. We also thank Inge Schulze for all her support during the fieldwork. The data processing was supported by the Russian "Megagrant" 11.G34.31.0014 from 30 November 2010 to E. D. Schulze by the Russian Federation and the Siberian Federal University to support research projects by leading scientists at Russian Institutions of higher Education. . - 17. - ISSN 1726-4170РУБ Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: The relative role of fire and of climate in determining canopy species composition and aboveground carbon stocks were investigated. Measurements were made along a transect extending from the dark taiga zone of central Siberia, where Picea and Abies dominate the canopy, into the Larix zone of eastern Siberia. We test the hypotheses that the change in canopy species composition is based (1) on climate-driven performance only, (2) on fire only, or (3) on fire-performance interactions. We show that the evergreen conifers Picea obovata and Abies sibirica are the natural late-successional species both in central and eastern Siberia, provided there has been no fire for an extended period of time. There are no changes in performance of the observed species along the transect. Fire appears to be the main factor explaining the dominance of Larix and of soil carbon. Of lesser influence were longitude as a proxy for climate, local hydrology and active-layer thickness. We can only partially explain fire return frequency, which is not only related to climate and land cover, but also to human behavior. Stand-replacing fires decreased from 300 to 50 yrs between the Yenisei Ridge and the upper Tunguska. Repeated non-stand-replacing surface fires eliminated the regeneration of Abies and Picea. With every 100 yrs since the last fire, the percentage of Larix decreased by 20%. Biomass of stems of single trees did not show signs of age-related decline. Relative diameter increment was 0.41 +/- 0.20% at breast height and stem volume increased linearly over time with a rate of about 0.36 t C ha(-1) yr(-1) independent of age class and species. Stand biomass reached about 130 t C ha(-1)(equivalent to about 520 m(3) ha(-1)). Individual trees of Larix were older than 600 yrs. The maximum age and biomass seemed to be limited by fungal rot of heart wood. 60% of old Larix and Picea and 30% of Pinus sibirica trees were affected by stem rot. Implications for the future role of fire and of plant diseases are discussed.

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Держатели документа:
[Schulze, E. -D.
Mollicone, D.
Ziegler, W.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
[Wirth, C.] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
[Mollicone, D.
Achard, F.] Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, Italy
[von Luepke, N.
Mund, M.] Univ Gottingen, Dept Ecoinformat Bioemetr & Forest Growth, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
[Prokushkin, A.] SB RAS, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Scherbina, S.] Centralno Sibirsky Nat Reserve, Bor, Russia

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Schulze, E.D.; Wirth, C...; Mollicone, D...; von Lupke, N...; Ziegler, W...; Achard, F...; Mund, M...; Prokushkin, A...; Scherbina, S...

[Text] / T. N. Otnyukova, O. P. Sekretenko // Lichenologist. - 2008. - Vol. 40. - P243-256, DOI 10.1017/S0024282908006828. - Cited References: 59 . - 14. - ISSN 0024-2829РУБ Plant Sciences + Mycology

Аннотация: The distribution of different ecological groups of lichens (acidophytes, 'nitrophytes', indifferent species) was compared on 1-24 year-old twigs of Abies sibirica sampled in the 'pristine' West Sayan and the polluted East Sayan Mountains (Krasnoyarsk District, South Siberia, Russia) to test their value as indicators of current pollution effects. Bark pH of twigs and bark chemistry (N, S, Ca, Mg, Al, Fe) were measured, and a preliminary estimate of emissions in the Krasnoyarsk District from livestock animal populations was calculated. In both regions, an unusually high twig bark pH and an abnormal species composition for A. sibirica canopy were found (e.g. Physcia aipolia, P. dubia, P. tenella, Phaeophyscia sp., Melanelia exasperatula and Candelariella vitellina), with P. tenella (East Sayan) and M. exasperatula (West Sayan) as dominants. The results confirm that the distribution of lichen species on Abies sibirica twigs is a valuable indicator of current changes in atmospheric conditions.

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Держатели документа:
[Otnyukova, T. N.
Sekretenko, O. P.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachevs Inst Forest Res, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Otnyukova, T.N.; Sekretenko, O.P.

[Text] / T. . Otnyukova // Environ. Pollut. - 2007. - Vol. 146: 5th Symposium of the International-Association-for-Lichenology (AUG 16-21, 2004, Tartu, ESTONIA), Is. 2. - P359-365, DOI 10.1016/j.envpol.2006.03.043. - Cited References: 48 . - 7. - ISSN 0269-7491РУБ Environmental Sciences

Аннотация: Thallus morphology and element concentrations (S, Al, Fe, Sr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, F, and Cl) were compared in samples of the fruticose lichen genus Usnea at two heights of the Abies sibirica canopy in the East Sayan Mountains (Krasnoyarsk District, Russia) sampled from three stations at 15, 25 and 35 km from Krasnoyark. Usnea species with an abnormal morphology dominated on branches in the upper canopy, 15-22 m above ground level, and normal thalli on lower tree branches, 2-5 m above ground. Abnormal thalli at the tree-top level contained higher Al, Fe, Zn, F, Sr and Pb concentrations compared with normal thalli growing below, confirming a dust impact. No such clear trend was observed between sampling stations. Crown canopy architecture, surface microtopography and the balance between the processes of deposition and the movement and loss of particles play a major role in particle interception and in pollutant delivery to Usnea. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VK Sukachevs Inst Forest Res, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Otnyukova, T...

[Text] / A. . Arneth [et al.] // Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle. - 2002. - Vol. 16, Is. 1. - Ст. 1005, DOI 10.1029/2000GB001374. - Cited References: 70 . - 13. - ISSN 0886-6236РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: [1] Twenty tree ring C-13/C-12 ratio chronologies from Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine) trees were determined from five locations sampled along the Yenisei River, spaced over a total distance of similar to1000 km between the cities of Turuhansk (66degreesN) and Krasnoyarsk (56degreesN). The transect covered the major part of the natural distribution of Scots pine in the region with median growing season temperatures and precipitation varying from 12.2degreesC and 218 mm to 14.0degreesC and 278 mm for Turuhansk and Krasnoyarsk, respectively. A key focus of the study was to investigate the effects of variations in temperature, precipitation, and atmospheric CO2 concentration on long-and short-term variation in photosynthetic C-13 discrimination during photosynthesis and the marginal cost of tree water use, as reflected in the differences in the historical records of the C-13/C-12 ratio in wood cellulose compared to that of the atmosphere (Delta(13)C(c)). In 17 of the 20 samples, trees Delta(13)C(c) has declined during the last 150 years, particularly so during the second half of the twentieth century. Using a model of stomatal behaviour combined with a process-based photosynthesis model, we deduce that this trend indicates a long-term decrease in canopy stomatal conductance, probably in response to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. This response being observed for most trees along the transect is suggestive of widespread decreases in Delta(13)C(c) and increased water use efficiency for Scots pine in central Siberia over the last century. Overlying short-term variations in Delta(13)C(c) were also accounted for by the model and were related to variations in growing season soil water deficit and atmospheric humidity.

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Держатели документа:
Manaaki Whenua, Landcare Res, Lincoln, New Zealand
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
Inst Evolut & Ecol Problems, Svertsov Lab, Moscow 117071, Russia
VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ S Bohemia, Fac Biol Sci, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Inst Soil Biol AS CR, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic

Доп.точки доступа:
Arneth, A...; Lloyd, J...; Santruckova, H...; Bird, M...; Grigoryev, S...; Kalaschnikov, Y.N.; Gleixner, G...; Schulze, E.D.

[Text] / A. V. Gourov // Entomol. Fenn. - 2000. - Vol. 11, Is. 1. - P57-66. - Cited References: 49 . - 10. - ISSN 0785-8760РУБ Entomology

Аннотация: Seven Hylobius species are known from Siberia, while the occurrence of three of them is doubtful. Information available about the supplementary feeding of adult weevils is reviewed. It is likely that H. abietis and H. albosparsus are the only species of economic significance in this territory. In the northern forest-steppe zone, adult weevils usually prefer to feed separately on isolated or border young trees under the canopy of light Scots pine stands, but avoid the undercanopy regeneration in the dense stands. In the southern taiga zone, adults are abundant on cutover areas where they feed in clumps of young regeneration. Tn fresh clearcuts, up to 100% of juvenile trees may be damaged by the feeding of weevils, whereas the damage intensity declines sharply with the distance to the clearcut. An edge effect in the distribution of adult weevils needs verification and, probably, is time-dependent. Inside the stands, the crowns of mature trees may constitute an additional food niche for adults if the usual sources and preferred environmental conditions are not available.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Lab Forest Zool, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Gourov, A.V.

[Text] / V. I. Kharuk [et al.] // Russ. J. Ecol. - 2006. - Vol. 37, Is. 5. - P291-298, DOI 10.1134/S1067413606050018. - Cited References: 17 . - 8. - ISSN 1067-4136РУБ Ecology

Аннотация: Climate-related changes that occurred in the Ary-Mas larch forests (the world's northernmost forest range) in the last three decades of the 20th century have been analyzed. An analysis of remote-sensing images made by Landsat satellites in 1973 and 2000 has provided evidence for an increase in the closeness of larch forest canopy (by 65%) and the expansion of larch to the tundra (for 3-10 in per year) and to areas relatively poorly protected from wind due to topographic features (elevation, azimuth, and slope). It has also been shown that the radial tree increment correlates with summer temperatures (r = 0.65, tau = 0.39) and the amounts of precipitation in summer (r = -0.51, tau = 0-41) and winter (r = -0.70, tau = -0.48), decreases with an increase in the closeness of forest canopy (r = -0.52, p > 0.8; tau = -0.48, p > 0.95), and increases with an increase in the depth of soil thawing (r = 0.63, p > 0.9; tau = 0.46, p > 0.9). The density of undergrowth depends on temperatures in winter(tau = 0.53, p > 0.8) and summer (r = 0.98, p > 0.99, tau = 0.9, p > 0.99) and the date of the onset of the growing period (r = -0.60, p > 0.99; T = -0.4, p > 0.99) and negatively correlates with the amount of precipitation in summer (r = -0.56, p > 0.99, T = -0.38, p > 0.99).

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Washington, DC 20546 USA

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Kharuk, V.I.; Ranson, K.J.; Im, S.T.; Naurzbaev, M.M.

[Text] / A. . Arneth [et al.] // Boreal Environ. Res. - 2006. - Vol. 11, Is. 4. - P311-328. - Cited References: 79 . - 18. - ISSN 1239-6095РУБ Environmental Sciences

Аннотация: A range of observations points towards earlier onset of spring in northern high latitudes. However, despite the profound effects this may have on vegetation-atmosphere exchange of carbon (NEE), vegetation-atmosphere physical coupling, or the location of the tundra-taiga interface, the number of studies that investigate winter-spring transition fluxes in contrasting northern vegetation types is limited. Here, we examine spring ecosystem-atmosphere energy and carbon exchange in a Siberian pine forest and mire. Divergent surface albedo before and during snow-melt resulted in daytime net radiation (R-n) above the forest exceeding R. above the mire by up to 10 MJ m(-2). Until stomata could open, absorbed radiation by the green pine canopy caused substantial daytime sensible heat fluxes (H 10 MJ m(-2)). H above the mire was very low, even negative (-2 MJ M-2), during that same period. Physiological activity in both ecosystems responded rapidly to warming temperatures and snow-melt, which is essential for survival in Siberia with its very short summers. On days with above-zero temperatures, before melt. was complete, low rates of forest photosynthesis (1-2 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) were discernible. Forest and mire NEE became negative the same day, or shortly after, photosynthesis commenced. The mire lagged by about two weeks behind the forest and regained its full carbon uptake capacity at a slower rate. Our data provide empirical evidence for the importance the timing of spring and the relative proportion of forest vs. mire has for late winter/spring boundary-layer growth, and production and surface-atmosphere mixing of trace gases. Models that seek to investigate effects of increasingly earlier spring in high latitudes must correctly account for contrasting physical and biogeochemical ecosystem-atmosphere exchange in heterogeneous landscapes.

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Держатели документа:
Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecolsyst Anal, SE-22363 Lund, Sweden
Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England
VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys Sci, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany

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Arneth, A...; Lloyd, J...; Shibistova, O...; Sogachev, A...; Kolle, O...

[Text] / A. . Arneth [et al.] // Biogeosciences. - 2006. - Vol. 3, Is. 4. - P421-437. - Cited References: 67 . - 17. - ISSN 1726-4170РУБ Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: We compare assimilation and respiration rates, and water use strategies in four divergent ecosystems located in cold-continental central Siberia and in semi-arid southern Africa. These seemingly unrelated systems have in common a harsh and highly seasonal environment with a very sharp transition between the dormant and the active season, with vegetation facing dry air and soil conditions for at least part of the year. Moreover, the northern high latitudes and the semi-arid tropics will likely experience changes in key environmental parameters (e.g., air temperature and precipitation) in the future; indeed, in some regions marked climate trends have already been observed over the last decade or so. The magnitude of instantaneous or daily assimilation and respiration rates, derived from one to two years of eddy covariance measurements in each of the four ecosystems, was not related to the growth environment. For instance, respiration rates were clearly highest in the two deciduous systems included in the analysis (a Mopane woodland In northern Botswana and a Downy birch forest in Siberia; 300mmol m(-2) d(-1)), while assimilation rates in the Mopane woodland were relatively similar to a Siberian Scots pine canopy for a large part of the active season (ca. 420 mmol m(-2) d(-1)). Acknowledging the limited number of ecosystems compared here, these data nevertheless demonstrate that factors like vegetation type, canopy phenology or ecosystem age can override larger-scale climate differences in terms of their effects on carbon assimilation and respiration rates. By far the highest rates of assimilation were observed in Downy birch, an early successional species. These were achieved at a rather conservative water use, as indicated by relatively low levels of lambda the marginal water cost of plant carbon gain. Surprisingly, the Mopane woodland growing in the semi-arid environment had significantly higher values of lambda However, its water use strategy included a very plastic response to intermittently dry periods, and values of lambda were much more conservative overall during a rainy season with low precipitation and high air saturation deficits. Our comparison demonstrates that forest ecosystems can respond very dynamically in terms of water use strategy, both on interannual and much shorter time scales. But it remains to be evaluated whether and in which ecosystems this plasticity is mainly due to a short-term stomatal response, or alternatively goes hand in hand with changes in canopy photosynthetic capacity.

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Держатели документа:
Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22363 Lund, Sweden
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Nat Conservat & Plant Ecol Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
Univ Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
Int Inst Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, Enschede, Netherlands
VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Arneth, A...; Veenendaal, E.M.; Best, C...; Timmermans, W...; Kolle, O...; Montagnani, L...; Shibistova, O...

[Text] / A. G. Bunn [et al.] // Environ. Res. Lett. - 2013. - Vol. 8, Is. 3. - Ст. 35034, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/035034. - Cited References: 36. - We thank the Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative for support via a grant from NASA-LCLUC-NEESPI (NNX09AK58G) to MKH and AGB and from NSF 0612341 and NSF 1044417 to AGB. VVS was supported by the Fulbright Scholar Program. Figure 1 was produced by Randal Bernhardt of the WWU Geography Department. . - 8. - ISSN 1748-9326РУБ Environmental Sciences + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: Different methods have been developed for measuring carbon stocks and fluxes in the northern high latitudes, ranging from intensively measured small plots to space-based methods that use reflectance data to drive production efficiency models. The field of dendroecology has used samples of tree growth from radial increments to quantify long-term variability in ecosystem productivity, but these have very limited spatial domains. Since the cambium material in tree cores is itself a product of photosynthesis in the canopy, it would be ideal to link these two approaches. We examine the associations between the normalized differenced vegetation index (NDVI) and tree growth using 19 pairs of tree-ring widths (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) across much of Siberia. We find consistent correlations between NDVI and both measures of tree growth and no systematic difference between MXD and TRW. At the regional level we note strong correspondence between the first principal component of tree growth and NDVI for MXD and TRW in a temperature-limited bioregion, indicating that canopy reflectance and cambial production are broadly linked. Using a network of 21 TRW chronologies from south of Lake Baikal, we find a similarly strong regional correspondence with NDVI in a markedly drier region. We show that tree growth is dominated by variation at decadal and multidecadal time periods, which the satellite record is incapable of recording given its relatively short record.

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Держатели документа:
[Bunn, Andrew G.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Huxley Coll, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA
[Hughes, Malcolm K.
Losleben, Mark] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
[Kirdyanov, Alexander V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Shishov, Vladimir V.
Vaganov, Eugene A.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Berner, Logan T.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA USA
[Oltchev, Alexander] RAS, Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117901, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Bunn, A.G.; Hughes, M.K.; Kirdyanov, Alexander V.; Кирдянов, Александр Викторович; Losleben, M.; Shishov, V.V.; Berner, L.T.; Oltchev, A.; Vaganov, E.A.; Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative via NASA-LCLUC-NEESPI [NNX09AK58G]; NSF [0612341, 1044417]; Fulbright Scholar Program

[Text] / M. . Mund [et al.] // Tree Physiol. - 2010. - Vol. 30, Is. 6. - P689-704, DOI 10.1093/treephys/tpq027. - Cited References: 80. - Integrated project CarboEurope-IP, European Commission, Directorate-General Research, Sixth Framework Programme, Priority 1.1.6.3: Global Change and Ecosystem (Contract No. GOCE-CT-2003-505572); Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany. . - 16. - ISSN 0829-318XРУБ Forestry

Аннотация: The periodic production of large seed crops by trees (masting) and its interaction with stern growth has long been the objective of tree physiology research. However, very little is known about the effects of masting on stern growth and total net primary productivity (NPP) at the stand scale. This study was conducted in an old-growth, mixed deciduous forest dominated by Fagus sylvatica (L.) and covers the period from 2003 to 2007, which comprised wet, dry and regular years as well as two masts of Fagus and one mast of the co-dominant tree species Fraxinus excelsior (L.) and Acer pseudoplatanus (L.). We combined analyses of weather conditions and stem growth at the tree level (inter- and intra-annual) with fruit, stem and leaf production, and estimates of total NPP at the stand level. Finally, we compared the annual demand of carbon for biomass production with net canopy assimilation (NCA), derived from eddy covariance flux measurements, chamber measurements and modelling. Annual stem growth of Fagus was most favoured by warm periods in spring and that of Fraxinus by high precipitation in June. For stem growth of Acer and for fruit production, no significant relationships with mean weather conditions were found. Intra-annual stem growth of all species was strongly reduced when the relative plant-available water in soil dropped below a threshold of about 60% between May and July. The inter-annual variations of NCA, total NPP and leaf NPP at the stand level were low (mean values 1313, 662 and 168 g C m(-2) year(-1), respectively), while wood and fruit production varied more and contrarily (wood: 169-241 g C m(-2) year(-1); fruits: 21-142 g C m(-2) year(-1)). In all years, an annual surplus of newly assimilated carbon was calculated (on average 100 g C m(-2) year(-1)). The results suggest that stem growth is generally not limited by insufficient carbon resources; only in mast years a short-term carbon shortage may occur in spring. In contrast to common assumption, stem growth alone is not a sufficient proxy for total biomass production or the control of carbon sequestration by weather extremes.

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Держатели документа:
[Mund, M.
Wirth, C.
Schulze, E. -D.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany
[Kutsch, W. L.] Inst Agr Climate Res, Johann Heinrich von Thunen Inst, D-38116 Braunschweig, Germany
[Kahl, T.] Univ Freiburg, Inst Silviculture, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany
[Knohl, A.] ETH, Inst Plant Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
[Knohl, A.] Univ Gottingen, Busgen Inst, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
[Skomarkova, M. V.] Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Mund, M...; Kutsch, W.L.; Wirth, C...; Kahl, T...; Knohl, A...; Skomarkova, M.V.; Schulze, E.D.