Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ N.E. Sudachkova, I.L. Milyutina, L.I. Romanova, G.P. Semenova // Eurasian Journal of Forest Research. - 2004. - Vol. 7-1. - С. 1-10

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036 Красноярск, Академгородок 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Sudachkova, Nina Yevgen'yevna; Судачкова, Нина Евгеньевна; Milyutina, Inna Leonidovna; Милютина, Инна Леонидовна; Romanova, Lyudmila Ivanovna; Романова, Людмила Ивановна; Semenova, Galina Pavlovna; Семенова, Галина Павловна

[Текст] = Ecological and biochemical aspect of enzime activities of glutamic acid in cambial zone of pinus sylvestris under phytocenotic stress : материалы временных коллективов / К. О. Дейч // Исследование компонентов лесных экосистем Сибири: Материалы конференции молодых ученых, 5-6 апреля 2012 г. , Красноярск. - Красноярск : Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН , 2012. - Вып.13. - С. 9-11. - Библиогр.: 4 назв.
Аннотация: The 6-7 aged biogroups of pine trees (Pinus sylvestris L.) with density 1, 10 and 40 tree*m-2 were investigated. It was shown that an increase in density causes a decrease in the linear and radial sizes of trees and changes dynamic and level of enzymes activity of y-aminobutyric and glutamic acids metabolism. The revealed specific change of dynamic of y-aminobutyric acid can be used as biochemical indicator of phytocenotic stress.

Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50/28

Доп.точки доступа:
Deych K.O.

/ I. L. Milyutina, N. E. Sudachkova, L. I. Romanova // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2013. - Vol. 6, Is. 2. - P149-155, DOI 10.1134/S199542551302011X. - Cited References: 29 . - 7. - ISSN 1995-4255РУБ Ecology

Аннотация: The effect of stand density on the antioxidant system of Scots Pine (Pinus silvestris L.) and Siberian Pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) was studied. The dynamics of concentrations of chlorophyll, hydrogen peroxide, glutathione, ascorbic acid, and dehydroascorbic acid were investigated during the vegetation period. In addition, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase were observed in the 1-year needles of 26-year-old trees with an initial stand density of 0.5 and 128 thousand individuals ha(-1).

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Держатели документа:
[Milyutina, I. L.
Sudachkova, N. E.
Romanova, L. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Milyutina, I.L.; Sudachkova, N.E.; Romanova, L.I.

[Text] / I. L. Milyutina [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2008. - Vol. 1, Is. 4. - P404-408, DOI 10.1134/S1995425508040024. - Cited References: 19. - The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research under Project No. 07-04-00199 and KKFS-RFBR under project 07-04-96816. . - 5. - ISSN 1995-4255РУБ Ecology

Аннотация: The activities of lipase, peroxidase, IAA-oxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase have been comparatively studied in the needles, inner bark of stem and roots of 10-year-old self-sawn Pinus sylvestris trees in Central Siberia under natural conditions and in experiment imitating the effect of permafrost. It is shown that a decrease in the rhizosphere temperature for self-sawn Pinus sylvestris causes not only a change in the morphogenesis of the sprouts of the current year and reduction of the annual ring but also a shift of the natural dynamics of antioxidant enzyme activity to a later time. Before soil thawing, the activity of antioxidant enzymes on the experimental plot weakened thus implying the enhancement of the oxidative stress, while the growth of buds and sprouts is hindered during this period because of the high activity of IAA-oxidase. An active part in the elimination of the oxidative stress consequences belongs to the conjugated pair of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase-catalase.

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Держатели документа:
[Milyutina, I. L.
Sudachkova, N. E.
Romanova, L. I.
Semenova, G. P.] RAS, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Milyutina, I.L.; Sudachkova, N.E.; Romanova, L.I.; Semenova, G.P.

[Text] / A. Y. Larionova, N. V. Yakhneva, A. P. Abaimov // Russ. J. Genet. - 2004. - Vol. 40, Is. 10. - P1127-1133, DOI 10.1023/B:RUGE.0000044756.55722.d8. - Cited References: 32 . - 7. - ISSN 1022-7954РУБ Genetics & Heredity

Аннотация: Within- and among-population diversity of Gmelin larch Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. from Evenkia was inferred from data on 17 genes determining allozyme diversity of ten enzymes. More than 50% of the genes proved to be polymorphic. On average, each tree was heterozygous at 9.2% genes. Heterozygosity expected from the Hardy-Weinberg proportions was higher, 12.5%. A deficit of heterozygous genotypes was observed in all populations under study and attributed to inbreeding. With Wright's F statistics, average individual inbreeding was estimated at 26.6% relative to the population (F-IS) and at 27.8% relative to the species (F-IT). The greatest deficit of heterozygosity was observed for the youngest population II. Within- population variation accounted for more than 98% of the total variation, while the contribution of among-population variation was 1.66%. Genetic distance between populations varied from 0.0025 to 0.0042, averaging 0.0035.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Larionova, A.Y.; Yakhneva, N.V.; Abaimov, A.P.

[Text] / I. V. Shein [et al.] // Russ. J. Plant Physiol. - 2003. - Vol. 50, Is. 4. - P516-521, DOI 10.1023/A:1024776924788. - Cited References: 24 . - 6. - ISSN 1021-4437РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: Twelve-day-old seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) were infected with a virulent spore suspension of the fungus Fusarium sporotrichiella var. sporotrichioides Bilai. 72 h after infection, the seedlings were divided into infection-susceptible and infection-resistant ones, and phenolic compounds in the seedling hypocotyls were analyzed. Susceptible seedlings contained 4.3-fold less lignins, 1.4-fold less free and bound proanthocyanidins, 12.7-fold less free hydroxybenzoic acids, 56.6-fold less bound hydroxybenzoic acids, 2-fold less quinic acid, and 5.1-fold less shikimic acid as compared to the resistant seedlings. At the same time, L-phenylalanine content was increased 3-fold and that of L-tyrosine, 1.3-fold. The activity of quinate:NAD(P)(+) oxidoreductase and L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in the hypocotyls of susceptible seedlings was 2.3-fold and 1.4-fold lower, respectively, whereas the activity of shikimate:NAD(P)(+) oxidoreductase remained unchanged.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Shein, I.V.; Shibistova, O.B.; Zrazhevskaya, G.K.; Astrakhantseva, N.G.; Polyakova, G.G.

[Text] / A. Y. Larionova // Russ. J. Genet. - 2002. - Vol. 38, Is. 12. - P1391-1396, DOI 10.1023/A:1021639806123. - Cited References: 34 . - 6. - ISSN 1022-7954РУБ Genetics & Heredity

Аннотация: The main parameters of genetic variability have been determined in an isolated natural Scotch pine population from Chita oblast (Tsasuchei Forest) by analysis of 19 genes coding for nine enzymes: GDH, IDH, LAP, PGM, AAT, ADH, MDH, 6-PGD, and DIA. Polymorphic genes constituted 63.2% of all structural genes studied in the population at the 99% polymorphism criterion. The mean number of alleles per locus was 1.63. The observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.237 and 0.251, respectively. These estimates are close to the corresponding mean values for Scotch pine according to the data on 18 or more structural genes.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Larionova, A.Y.

[Text] / O. V. Menyailo, B. . Huwe // J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.-Z. Pflanzenernahr. Bodenkd. - 1999. - Vol. 162, Is. 5. - P533-538, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1522-2624(199910)162:5533::AID-JPLN5333.3.CO;2-2. - Cited References: 17 . - 6. - ISSN 1436-8730РУБ Agronomy + Plant Sciences + Soil Science

Аннотация: To clarify the influence of tree species on N2O emissions, soil chemical properties, initial concentrations of denitrifying enzymes and dynamics of N2O emissions were studied in the laboratory under standardized conditions in soil samples from artificially afforested spots with spruce, birch, pine, aspen, larch, cedar and under grass as control. 26 years of tree development caused changes not only in soil chemistry but also in persistence and dynamics of denitrifying enzymes. Total amount of N2O release correlated more with the initial status of N2O-reductase than with N2O-producing enzymes. C:N ratio was the main chemical factor explaining variation of N2O emission between species. At equal level of atmospheric N-deposition, N2O release will increase in the order: grassland < larch < pine < spruce < cedar < aspen < birch. These data may be useful to predict N2O losses from forest ecosystems in Siberia with different dominant tree species.

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Держатели документа:
RAS, SB, Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Bayreuth, Dept Soil Phys, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany

Доп.точки доступа:
Menyailo, O.V.; Huwe, B...

[Text] / V. . OSSIPOV [et al.] // Trees-Struct. Funct. - 1995. - Vol. 10, Is. 1. - P46-51. - Cited References: 0 . - 6. - ISSN 0931-1890РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Quinate:NAP(P)(+)-oxidoreductase (QORase, EC 1.1.1.24), which catalyzes the interconversion of quinic and 3-dehydroquinic acids, was purified from the needles and developing xylem cells of Larix sibirica. The enzymes from these two tissues were partially characterized and compared. QORase from needles had optimum pH at 9.0 and apparent K-m values of 1.84 mM for quinic acid and 0.19 mM for NADP(+). The enzyme was activated by phosphoenolpyruvate. Gallic and protocatechuic acids were formed in a reaction mixture of purified enzyme from needles as final products of quinic acid transformation. QORase from developing xylem cells showed pH optimum at 10.0 and had apparent K-m values of 0.70 mM for quinic acid and 0.05 mM for NADP(+). The enzyme was not affected by PEP. The divalent cations Co2+ and Mn2+ at least doubled activity of QORase from both sources but Mg2+ affected the enzyme from needles only. The spatial organization and regulation of quinic acid metabolism in the autotrophic and heterotrophic cells of conifers and the role of QORase in this process are discussed.

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Держатели документа:
INST FORESTRY,ECOL BIOCHEM WOODY PLANTS LAB,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA

Доп.точки доступа:
OSSIPOV, V...; CHERNOV, A...; ZRAZHEVSKAYA, G...; SHEIN, I...

/ T. C. Harrington [et al.] // Plant Disease. - 2002. - Vol. 86, Is. 4. - P418-422 . - ISSN 0191-2917
Аннотация: Ceratocystis laricicola and C. polonica are fungal symbionts of bark beetle species of the genus lps that attack species of Larix and Picea, respectively, across Eurasia. Earlier studies found that these fungal species were morphologically identical, had similar isozymes patterns, and had identical internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the rDNA operon. We analyzed 27 isolates from Europe, southwestern Siberia (Russia) and Japan, representing the known geographic ranges of the two species. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA sequences of a portion of the MAT-2 idiomorph showed these species to be distinct, with the Japanese isolates of C. laricicola having a sequence slightly different (5 bp) from those of the Russian and European isolates of C. laricicola. Sexual compatibility tests showed full interfertility among isolates of C. polonica from Europe, Russia and Japan, but isolates of C. polonica were not fully interfertile with isolates of C. laricicola. A Russian and a European isolate of C. laricicola mated with each other but not with the Japanese isolates of C. laricicola. Mature L. sibirica and P. obovata were inoculated with isolates of C. laricicola and C. polonica from Europe, Russia, and Japan, and measurement of lesions in the inner bark/cambium region demonstrated strong host specialization. The data suggest that the two fungal species are very closely related and are distinguished primarily by their physiological specialization to the hosts of their bark beetle vectors.

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Держатели документа:
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, Ames, IO 50011, United States
Laboratory of Microbiology, Sukachev Institute of Forestry, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Department of Plant Pathology, Iowa State University, United States

Доп.точки доступа:
Harrington, T.C.; Pashenova, N.V.; McNew, D.L.; Steimel, J.; Konstantinov, M.Yu.

[Текст] / A. Y. LARIONOVA // Genetika. - 1995. - Vol. 31, Is. 9. - С. 1261-1267. - Cited References: 43 . - 7. - ISSN 0016-6758РУБ Genetics & Heredity

Аннотация: By means of electrophoresis followed by histochemical staining, water-soluble enzymes of megagametophytes and embryos of seeds collected from 42 trees in two natural populations of Picea obovata were studied. A detailed analysis of electrophoretic patterns of enzymes ADH, GDH, 6-PGD, IDH, MDH, LAP, EST, and GOT is presented. It is shown that the allozyme diversity of the enzymes assayed is coded for by at least 20 loci. Fine electrophoretic resolution was obtained for the products of 16 loci, four of them (Mdh-1, Mdh-2, Got-1, and Got-2) were monomorphic, while the remaining loci (Adh-1, Adh-2, 6-Pgd-2, 6-Pgd-3, Mdh-3, Idh-2, Lap-1, Lap-2, Est-1, Est-3, Got-3 and Gdh) appeared polymorphic. Segregation data confirms the monogenic inheritance of the allozyme variants revealed.


Доп.точки доступа:
LARIONOVA, A.Y.

[Text] / N. E. SUDACHKOVA, N. N. KOZHEVNIKOVA, T. G. LYUBARSKAYA // SOVIET PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. - 1981. - Vol. 28, Is. 4. - P586-593. - Cited References: 22 . - 8. - ISSN 0038-5719РУБ Plant Sciences


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Доп.точки доступа:
SUDACHKOVA, N.E.; KOZHEVNIKOVA, N.N.; LYUBARSKAYA, T.G.

[Text] / B. . Wild [et al.] // Soil Biol. Biochem. - 2014. - Vol. 75. - P143-151, DOI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.014. - Cited References: 47. - This study was funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) as part of the International Program CryoCARB (Long-term Carbon Storage in Cryoturbated Arctic Soils; FWF - I370-B17). . - ISSN 0038-0717РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: Rising temperatures in the Arctic can affect soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition directly and indirectly, by increasing plant primary production and thus the allocation of plant-derived organic compounds into the soil. Such compounds, for example root exudates or decaying fine roots, are easily available for microorganisms, and can alter the decomposition of older SUM ("priming effect"). We here report on a SUM priming experiment in the active layer of a permafrost soil from the central Siberian Arctic, comparing responses of organic topsoil, mineral subsoil, and cryoturbated subsoil material (i.e., poorly decomposed topsoil material subducted into the subsoil by freeze-thaw processes) to additions of C-13-labeled glucose, cellulose, a mixture of amino acids, and protein (added at levels corresponding to approximately 1% of soil organic carbon). SUM decomposition in the topsoil was barely affected by higher availability of organic compounds, whereas SUM decomposition in both subsoil horizons responded strongly. In the mineral subsoil, SUM decomposition increased by a factor of two to three after any substrate addition (glucose, cellulose, amino acids, protein), suggesting that the microbial decomposer community was limited in energy to break down more complex components of SOM. In the cryoturbated horizon, SUM decomposition increased by a factor of two after addition of amino acids or protein, but was not significantly affected by glucose or cellulose, indicating nitrogen rather than energy limitation. Since the stimulation of SUM decomposition in cryoturbated material was not connected to microbial growth or to a change in microbial community composition, the additional nitrogen was likely invested in the production of extracellular enzymes required for SUM decomposition. Our findings provide a first mechanistic understanding of priming in permafrost soils and suggest that an increase in the availability of organic carbon or nitrogen, e.g., by increased plant productivity, can change the decomposition of SUM stored in deeper layers of permafrost soils, with possible repercussions on the global climate. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

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Держатели документа:
[Wild, Birgit
Schnecker, Joerg
Watzka, Margarete
Richter, Andreas] Univ Vienna, Dept Microbiol & Ecosyst Sci, Div Terr Ecosyst Res, Vienna, Austria
[Wild, Birgit
Schnecker, Joerg
Alves, Ricardo J. Eloy
Gittel, Antje
Urich, Tim
Richter, Andreas] Austrian Polar Res Inst, Vienna, Austria
[Alves, Ricardo J. Eloy
Urich, Tim] Univ Vienna, Dept Ecogen & Syst Biol, Div Archaea Biol & Ecogen, Vienna, Austria
[Barsukov, Pavel
Shibistova, Olga] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Soil Sci & Agrochem, Novosibirsk, Russia
[Barta, Jiri
Capek, Petr
Santruckova, Hana] Univ South Bohemia, Dept Ecosyst Biol, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
[Gentsch, Norman
Guggenberger, Georg
Mikutta, Robert
Shibistova, Olga] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Soil Sci, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
[Gittel, Antje] Univ Bergen, Ctr Geobiol, Dept Biol, Bergen, Norway
[Lashchinskiy, Nikolay] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Cent Siberian Bot Garden, Novosibirsk, Russia
[Shibistova, Olga
Zrazhevskaya, Galina] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
ИЛ СО РАН

Доп.точки доступа:
Wild, B...; Schnecker, J...; Alves, RJE; Barsukov, P...; Barta, J...; Capek, P...; Gentsch, N...; Gittel, A...; Guggenberger, G...; Lashchinskiy, N...; Mikutta, R...; Rusalimova, O...; Santruckova, H...; Shibistova, O...; Urich, T...; Watzka, M...; Zrazhevskaya, G...; Richter, A...; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) as part of the International Program CryoCARB [FWF - I370-B17]

/ N. E. Sudachkova [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2015. - Vol. 8, Is. 1. - P21-27, DOI 10.1134/S199542551501014X . - ISSN 1995-4255
Аннотация: The effect of spring defoliation on different aspects of growth and metabolism of 10-year Scots pine trees (Pinus silvestris L.) in natural stands of the Krasnoyarsk forest-steppe region have been studied. These aspects include the structure of annual xylem and phloem increments, the content of starch and photosynthetic pigments in phloem, and the activity of antioxidative enzymes in xylem and phloem. It is shown that defoliation reduces shoot elongation, as well as the length and mass of needles and width of annual rings in xylem and phloem. It also stimulates late wood formation, an increase in total contents of photosynthetic pigments in the needles of newly formed shoots, and a reduction of starch contents in stem phloem. A significant increase of peroxidase activity in the xylem of defoliated trees can be a sign of oxidative stress. Defoliation has an evident negative effect on the formation of the annual rings of xylem, but does not have that strong an impact on phloem genesis. In general, during defoliation, the reserve function of the trees prevails over the growth function.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/28Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
ИЛ СО РАН

Доп.точки доступа:
Sudachkova, N.E.; Milyutina, I.L.; Romanova, L.I.; Astrakhantseva, N.V.

/ P. Capek [et al.] // Soil Biol. Biochem. - 2015. - Vol. 90. - P19-29, DOI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2015.07.013 . - ISSN 0038-0717
Аннотация: Arctic permafrost soils contain large stocks of organic carbon (OC). Extensive cryogenic processes in these soils cause subduction of a significant part of OC-rich topsoil down into mineral soil through the process of cryoturbation. Currently, one-fourth of total permafrost OC is stored in subducted organic horizons. Predicted climate change is believed to reduce the amount of OC in permafrost soils as rising temperatures will increase decomposition of OC by soil microorganisms. To estimate the sensitivity of OC decomposition to soil temperature and oxygen levels we performed a 4-month incubation experiment in which we manipulated temperature (4-20 °C) and oxygen level of topsoil organic, subducted organic and mineral soil horizons. Carbon loss (CLOSS) was monitored and its potential biotic and abiotic drivers, including concentrations of available nutrients, microbial activity, biomass and stoichiometry, and extracellular oxidative and hydrolytic enzyme pools, were measured. We found that independently of the incubation temperature, CLOSS from subducted organic and mineral soil horizons was one to two orders of magnitude lower than in the organic topsoil horizon, both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. This corresponds to the microbial biomass being lower by one to two orders of magnitude. We argue that enzymatic degradation of autochthonous subducted OC does not provide sufficient amounts of carbon and nutrients to sustain greater microbial biomass. The resident microbial biomass relies on allochthonous fluxes of nutrients, enzymes and carbon from the OC-rich topsoil. This results in a "negative priming effect", which protects autochthonous subducted OC from decomposition at present. The vulnerability of subducted organic carbon in cryoturbated arctic soils under future climate conditions will largely depend on the amount of allochthonous carbon and nutrient fluxes from the topsoil. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
University of South Bohemia, Department of Ecosystems Biology, Branisovska 31, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, Germany
University of Vienna, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Research, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, Austria
Austrian Polar Research Institute, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna, Austria
University of Gothenburg, Department of Earth Sciences, Guldhedsgatan 5A, Gothenburg, Sweden
University of New Hampshire, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Durham, NH, United States
University of Vienna, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Vienna, Austria
Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Institute of Soil Science, Herrenhauser Strasse 2, Hannover, Germany
Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Soil Sciences, Halle, Germany
University of Stockholm, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm, Sweden
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Zolotodolinskaya 101, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
University of Bergen, Department of Biology, Centre for Geobiology, Thormohlensgate 53B, Bergen, Norway
Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience, Ny Munkegade 114, Aarhus C, Denmark
VN Sukachev, Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
University of Greifswald, Institute for Microbiology, Greifswald, Germany

Доп.точки доступа:
Capek, P.; Diakova, K.; Dickopp, J.-E.; Barta, J.; Wild, B.; Schnecker, J.; Alves, R.J.E.; Aiglsdorfer, S.; Guggenberger, G.; Gentsch, N.; Hugelius, G.; Lashchinsky, N.; Gittel, A.; Schleper, C.; Mikutta, R.; Palmtag, J.; Shibistova, O.; Urich, .; Richter, A.; Santruckova, H.

/ N. E. Sudachkova [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2016. - Vol. 9, Is. 5. - P608-616, DOI 10.1134/S1995425516050152 . - ISSN 1995-4255
Аннотация: Controlled burning has been carried out to stimulate moderate ground fire in the Scots pine (Pinus sуlvestris L.) stand (age class I) in the Krasnoyarsk forest steppe at the beginning of the growing season. The structure of annual rings and trophic supply, as well as the cambial zone antioxidant system condition and the content of photosynthetic pigments in the needles of dominant and suppressed trees in the experimental and control plots, were studied 3 h, 5 days, and 2.5 months after the fire. The fire narrowed the annual ring width, since the number and size of early and late tracheids decreased. The primary reaction to pyrogenic heat shock (sharp reduction of chlorophyll content in needles and manifestation of oxidative stress in the stem cambial zone) was an elevated level of hydrogen peroxide and activity of most antioxidant enzymes and a reduction in the nonstructural carbohydrates pool. Restoration of the cambium function after the fire was promoted by an increased activity of amylase, invertase, and peroxidase. © 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Sudachkova, N. E.; Romanova, L. I.; Astrakhantseva, N. V.; Novoselova, M. V.; Kosov, I. V.

[Текст] : научное издание / Н.Е. Судачкова [и др.] // Сибирский лесной журнал. - 2017. - № : 1. - С. 4-14 : табл., DOI 10.15372/SJFS20170101. - Библиогр. в конце ст. . - ISSN 2311-1410
   Перевод заглавия: Thermostability of antioxidant enzymes in tissues f scots pine in heat shock conditions

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Аннотация: Исследовали образцы хвои из средней части кроны и соскоб прикамбиальной зоны, включающий клетки камбия и нелигнифицированные клетки ксилемы, с пяти стволов 15-летних деревьев из насаждения сосны обыкновенной <i>Pinus sуlvestris</i> L. зеленомошно-разнотравной группы типов леса на дерново-подзолистой почве в Красноярской лесостепи. Изучали термоустойчивость антиоксидантных ферментов: супероксиддисмутазы (СОД), пероксидазы, каталазы, глутатионредуктазы (ГР); ферментов углеводного и фенольного обмена: амилазы, инвертазы и фенилаланин-аммиак-лиазы (ФАЛ), участвующих в обеспечении ксилогенеза; и маркеров окислительного стресса: пероксида водорода и малонового диальдегида (МДА) в интервале температур 20-80 ^оС. Установлено, что положительный эффект от деятельности антиоксидантных ферментов в основном проявляется до 40 ^оС. С повышением температуры антиоксидантная защита ослабевает. Механизмы возникновения окислительного стресса в прикамбиальной зоне и в хвое в условиях пирогенного теплового шока различаются в связи с различной термостойкостью антиоксидантных ферментов в этих тканях. Наиболее чувствительна к повышению температуры каталаза как в прикамбиальной зоне, так и в хвое. В прикамбиальной зоне низкую устойчивость обнаруживают пероксидаза и ГР, тогда как СОД отличается более высоким уровнем термоустойчивости. В хвое, наоборот, пероксидаза и ГР обнаруживают высокую термоустойчивость, а СОД быстро снижает активность при повышении температуры. Амилаза, инвертаза и ФАЛ по термоустойчивости превосходят исследованные антиоксидантные ферменты, что позволяет после пирогенного теплового шока быстро восстановить углеводный и фенольный обмены для обеспечения ксилогенеза.
Samples of needles from the middle part of the crown and cambial zone scrapings, which includes cambium cells and nonlignified xylem cells from five stems of 15 years old Scots pine <i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L. trees from green moss-forb groups stands on sod-podzolic soil in Krasnoyarsk forest steppe were investigated. Thermal stability of the antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase (GR); enzymes of carbohydrate and phenolic metabolism: amylase, invertase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) which are involved in providing the xylogenesis process; and markers of oxidative stress: peroxide hydrogen and malondialdehyde (MDA) were studied in the temperature interval 20-80 °C. It was found that the positive effect on the antioxidant enzymes activity mainly manifested up to 40 °C. As the temperature increases, antioxidant protection weakens. The mechanisms of oxidative stress in cambium zone and needles in condition of pyrogenic heat shock are distinguished due to different thermal stability of antioxidant enzymes in these tissues. The most sensitive to elevated temperatures was catalase both in cambium zone and needles. In the cambium zone, peroxidase and GR detect low resistance to high temperature, while SOD has a higher level of. In the needles on the contrary, peroxidase and GR exhibit high thermal stability, whereas SOD activity rapidly reduces at higher temperatures. Amylase, invertase and PAL exceed, according to the thermal stability of examined antioxidant enzymes, what allow quick restoration of carbohydrate and phenolic metabolism after pyrogenic heat shock to providing of xylogenesis process.

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Держатели документа:
Институт леса им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

Доп.точки доступа:
Судачкова, Нина Евгеньевна; Sudachkova, Nina Yevgen'yevna; Романова, Людмила Ивановна; Romanova, Lyudmila Ivanovna; Астраханцева, Наталья Владимировна; Astrakhantseva Natal'ya Vladimirovna; Новоселова, Мария Валерьевна; Novoselova M.V.

/ H. Santruckova [et al.] // Soil Biol. Biochem. - 2018. - Vol. 119. - P11-21, DOI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.12.021 . - ISSN 0038-0717
Аннотация: The occurrence of dark fixation of CO2 by heterotrophic microorganisms in soil is generally accepted, but its importance for microbial metabolism and soil organic carbon (C) sequestration is unknown, especially under C-limiting conditions. To fill this knowledge gap, we measured dark 13CO2 incorporation into soil organic matter and conducted a 13C-labelling experiment to follow the 13C incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids as microbial biomass markers across soil profiles of four tundra ecosystems in the northern circumpolar region, where net primary productivity and thus soil C inputs are low. We further determined the abundance of various carboxylase genes and identified their microbial origin with metagenomics. The microbial capacity for heterotrophic CO2 fixation was determined by measuring the abundance of carboxylase genes and the incorporation of 13C into soil C following the augmentation of bioavailable C sources. We demonstrate that dark CO2 fixation occurred ubiquitously in arctic tundra soils, with increasing importance in deeper soil horizons, presumably due to increasing C limitation with soil depth. Dark CO2 fixation accounted on average for 0.4, 1.0, 1.1, and 16% of net respiration in the organic, cryoturbated organic, mineral and permafrost horizons, respectively. Genes encoding anaplerotic enzymes of heterotrophic microorganisms comprised the majority of identified carboxylase genes. The genetic potential for dark CO2 fixation was spread over a broad taxonomic range. The results suggest important regulatory function of CO2 fixation in C limited conditions. The measurements were corroborated by modeling the long-term impact of dark CO2 fixation on soil organic matter. Our results suggest that increasing relative CO2 fixation rates in deeper soil horizons play an important role for soil internal C cycling and can, at least in part, explain the isotopic enrichment with soil depth. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

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Держатели документа:
University of South Bohemia, Department of Ecosystems Biology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Sweden
Austrian Polar Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
Department of Environmental Science, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, Kuopio, Finland
Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Institut fur Bodenkunde, Hannover, Germany
University of Bergen, Centre for Geobiology, Department of Biology, Bergen, Norway
Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Central Siberian Botanical Garden, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Soil Science and Soil Protection, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
University of Vienna, Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, Division of Archaea Biology and Ecogenomics, Vienna, Austria
University of Vienna, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Terrestrial Ecosystem Research, Vienna, Austria
Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States
Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, ETH Zurich, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, Zurich, Switzerland
Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, VN Sukachev Institute of Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

Доп.точки доступа:
Santruckova, H.; Kotas, P.; Barta, J.; Urich, T.; Capek, P.; Palmtag, J.; Eloy Alves, R. J.; Biasi, C.; Diakova, K.; Gentsch, N.; Gittel, A.; Guggenberger, G.; Hugelius, G.; Lashchinsky, N.; Martikainen, P. J.; Mikutta, R.; Schleper, C.; Schnecker, J.; Schwab, C.; Shibistova, O.; Wild, B.; Richter, A.

/ Z. Zhu [et al.] // Soil Biol. Biochem. - 2018. - Vol. 121. - P67-76, DOI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.03.003 . - ISSN 0038-0717
Аннотация: Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability plays a crucial role in carbon (C) cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the C:N:P stoichiometric regulation of microbial mineralization of plant residues and its impact on the soil priming effect (PE), measured as CO2 and CH4 emission, in paddy soils remain unclear. In this study, the effect of soil C:N:P stoichiometry (regulated by the application of N and P fertilizers) on the mineralization of 13C-labelled rice straw and the subsequent PE was investigated in a 100-day incubation experiment in flooded paddy soil. N and P additions increased straw mineralization by approximately 25% and 10%, respectively. Additions of both N and P led to higher CO2 efflux, but lower CH4 emission. With an increase in the ratios of DOC:NH4 +-N, DOC:Olsen P, and microbial biomass C:N, 13CO2 efflux increased exponentially to a maximum. Compared with sole straw addition, exclusive N addition led to a weaker PE for CO2 emission, whereas exclusive P addition induced a stronger PE for CO2 emission. In contrast, CH4 emitted from native soil organic matter (SOM) was reduced by 7.4% and 46.1% following P and NP application, respectively. Structural equation models suggest that available N had dominant and direct positive effects, whereas microbial biomass stoichiometry mainly exerted negative indirect effects on PE. The stoichiometry of soil enzyme activity directly down-regulated CH4 emission from SOM. Microbes obviously regulate soil C turnover via stoichiometric flexibility to maintain an elemental stoichiometric balance between resources and microbial requirements. The addition of straw in combination with N and P fertilization in paddy soils could therefore meet microbial stoichiometric requirements and regulate microbial activity and extracellular enzyme production, resulting in co-metabolism of fresh C and native SOM. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

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Держатели документа:
Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, China
Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan, China
Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universitat Hannover, Hannover, Germany
VN Sukachev Institute of Forest, SB-RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Zhu, Z.; Ge, T.; Luo, Y.; Liu, S.; Xu, X.; Tong, C.; Shibistova, O.; Guggenberger, G.; Wu, J.

/ Y. A. Litovka [и др.] // Khimiya Rastitel'nogo Syr'ya. - 2018. - Is. 1. - С. 193-199, DOI 10.14258/jcprm.2018012729 . - ISSN 1029-5151
Аннотация: Presents the results of a research of wood-destroying properties of the basidiomycete Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw.) P. Karst. The strains were isolated in pure culture from fruiting bodies that grew on the Abies sibirica Ledeb, Pinus sylvestris Ledeb, Pinus sibirica Du Tour and Larix sibirica Ledeb in the forests of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (56°09'-56°22' N; 92°10'- 92°58' E). The cultures screened for growth parameters and the dynamics of enzymatic activity during cultivation on cellulose-containing media. The radial growth rate of Siberian strains on the agar medium and plant substrates is 1,1-3,3 mm / day; the growth coefficient is 10-42. All studied cultures synthesize extracellular cellulolytic enzymes that hydrolyze the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose. The enzymatic activity is in the range 0,05-0,39 U / ml with a maximum of 7-9 days. The most active strain of Fp5-15 F. pinicola used for bioconversion of coniferous plant substrates under solid-phase culture conditions. The maximum wood-destroying activity observed on pine and larch wood - the mass loss of substrates was 16 and 20%, respectively. On Pinus sylvestris sawdust, the total content of polysaccharides decreased by 1,2 times due to the fermentolysis of the hardly hydrolyzable fraction (a decrease of 1,4 times); the content of lignin substances did not change significantly. On the sawdust of Larix sibirica, the amount of polysaccharides decreased by 1,3 times in comparison with the initial substrate; lig-nin - in 1,2 times. © 2018 Altai State University. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
Forest Institute, V.N. Sukachev Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, 50-28, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Academician M.F. Reshetnev, Mira ave., 82, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Litovka, Y. A.; Pavlov, I. N.; Ryazanova, T. V.; Gazizulina, A. V.; Chuprova, N. A.