Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

[Text] / G. A. Ivanova [et al.] // Environ. Res. Lett. - 2011. - Vol. 6, Is. 4. - Ст. 45203, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045203. - Cited References: 36. - The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the Land Cover Land Use Change (LCLUC) Science Program, the Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, the Russian Fund of Fundamental Investigation, and International Science and Technology Center (project #3695). . - 6. - ISSN 1748-9326РУБ Environmental Sciences + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: This study focused on structural analysis of ground carbon storage following fires in light conifer stands of the Lower Angara region (Siberia, Russia). Experimental fires of varying frontal intensity were conducted at Scots pine and mixed larch forests of southern taiga. Considerable amounts of surface and ground forest fuels (21-38 tC ha(-1)) enhanced low-to high-intensity fires. Post-fire carbon storage decreased by 16-49% depending on fire intensity and rate of spread, with depth of burn being 0.9-6.6 cm. Carbon emissions varied from 4.48 to 15.89 t ha(-1) depending on fire intensity and forest type. Depth of burn and carbon emissions for four major site types were correlated with a weather-based fire hazard index.

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Держатели документа:
[Ivanova, G. A.
Kukavskaya, E. A.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Conard, S. G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA
[McRae, D. J.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada

Доп.точки доступа:
Ivanova, G.A.; Conard, S.G.; Kukavskaya, E.A.; McRae, D.J.

[Text] / A. . Volokitina, M. . Sofronov, T. . Sofronova // Mitig. Adapt. Strateg. Glob. Chang. - 2008. - Vol. 13, Is. 7. - P661-674, DOI 10.1007/s11027-007-9120-7. - Cited References: 29 . - 14. - ISSN 1381-2386РУБ Environmental Sciences

Аннотация: Problem of wildfires has not been resolved anywhere in the world. Mere increase of technical power does not lead to desirable results. Forests of developed countries burn as actively as those in Africa or in Russia. The main reasons of wildfire problem are as follows: (1) Constant wandering of dry seasons over the planet causing outbreaks of wildfires. (2) Unpredicted self-development of ordinary wildfires into awful fire disasters. (3) Difficulties in delivery and use of heavy machines on hardly accessible territories. (4) Absence of a perfect technique for economic evaluation of how effectively the wildfire control system works. (5) Absence of the system of payments encouraging wildfire fighters. To solve the problem of wildfires in Russia it is necessary to: (1) Create the Russian wildfire behaviour and fire effects prediction system on the basis of the developed classification of vegetation fuels and methods of their mapping as well as maximum utilization of forest inventory information and Geographic Information System (GIS). (2) Elaborate a technique of proper wildfire monitoring including estimation of vegetation damage. (3) Improve daily rating of regional fire danger. (4) Improve fire-preventive arrangement of the territory covered by vegetation, the main goal being creation of favourable conditions for active fire management. (5) Choose the main direction in elaboration of fire-fighting means and methods taking into account their universality, simplicity, reliability, etc. (6) Elaborate an improved technique for estimation of economic effectiveness of the wildfire control system. (7) Develop international cooperation of scientists and professionals in fire management.

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Держатели документа:
[Volokitina, Alexandra
Sofronov, Mark] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Sofronova, Tatiana] Astafiev Krasnoyarsk State Pedag Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia

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Volokitina, A...; Sofronov, M...; Sofronova, T...

[Text] / E. S. Kasischke [et al.] // Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle. - 2005. - Vol. 19, Is. 1. - Ст. GB1012, DOI 10.1029/2004GB002300. - Cited References: 80 . - 16. - ISSN 0886-6236РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: 1] There were large interannual variations in burned area in the boreal region ( ranging between 3.0 and 23.6 x 10 6 ha yr(-1)) for the period of 1992 and 1995-2003 which resulted in corresponding variations in total carbon and carbon monoxide emissions. We estimated a range of carbon emissions based on different assumptions on the depth of burning because of uncertainties associated with the burning of surface-layer organic matter commonly found in boreal forest and peatlands, and average total carbon emissions were 106-209 Tg yr(-1) and CO emissions were 330-77 Tg CO yr(-1). Burning of ground-layer organic matter contributed between 46 and 72% of all emissions in a given year. CO residuals calculated from surface mixing ratios in the high Northern Hemisphere ( HNH) region were correlated to seasonal boreal fire emissions in 8 out of 10 years. On an interannual basis, variations in area burned explained 49% of the variations in HNH CO, while variations in boreal fire emissions explained 85%, supporting the hypotheses that variations in fuels and fire severity are important in estimating emissions. Average annual HNH CO increased by an average of 7.1 ppb yr(-1) between 2000 and 2003 during a period when boreal fire emissions were 26 to 68 Tg CO(-1) higher than during the early to mid-1990s, indicating that recent increases in boreal fires are influencing atmospheric CO in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Держатели документа:
Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
Altarum, Ann Arbor, MI 48113 USA
NOAA, Climate Modeling & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA
Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kasischke, E.S.; Hyer, E.J.; Novelli, P.C.; Bruhwiler, L.P.; French, NHF; Sukhinin, A.I.; Hewson, J.H.; Stocks, B.J.

[Text] / S. G. Conard, G. A. Ivanova // Environ. Pollut. - 1997. - Vol. 98, Is. 3. - P305-313, DOI 10.1016/S0269-7491(97)00140-1. - Cited References: 41 . - 9. - ISSN 0269-7491РУБ Environmental Sciences

Аннотация: Most of the research about the effects of the release of carbon and other chemicals to the atmosphere during forest fir es focuses on emissions from crown fires or slash fires in which a high percentage of the fine fuels are burned However, in many temper-ate and boreal conifer ecosystems, surface fires of varying intensities and severities are an important part of the fire regime. In Russia a large percentage of the area burned in a typical year is in surface fires, which will result in lower carbon emissions than crown fires because of lower fuel consumption. lit Russian boreal for est, different distribution patterns of fire severity across the landscape could produce fourfold differences in carbon release. Furthermore, tree mortality after surface fires is often quite extensive, leading to a pulse in carbon release as needles and other fine fuels fall to the ground and decompose. With extensive tree mortality a decrease in carbon sequestration is expected for several years, until stand level photosynthesis returns to prefire levels. Perhaps the largest potential source of error in estimates of carbon release from biomass fires in Russia is inaccuracy in estimates of burned area. Many published estimates of annual burned area in Russia may be extremely low. On the basis of information on fire return intervals and area of boreal forest, 12 million ha per year may be a reasonable conservative estimate of burned area until better data are available. Based on this estimate, direct and indirect fire-generated carbon emissions from boreal forests worldwide may exceed 20% of the estimated global emissions from biomass burning, making them an important component in understanding global atmospheric chemistry. In considering effects of fire an global atmospheric chemistry, it is important to include the effects of fire severity, postfire mortality, decomposition of fine fuels, and changing postfire vegetation structure as components of fire-induced changes in ecosystem-level carbon flux. But the most important factor may be accurate information on the annual area burned. Levels of carbon storage are likely to be highly sensitive to changes in fire return intervals that result from direct human activities and from climatic changes, making accurate assessments of burned areas and fire severity critical. Strong fire management programs will be key to managing future fire regimes and carbon cycling in Russia's boreal forest. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Akademgorodok 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Conard, S.G.; Ivanova, G.A.

/ Y. N. Samsonov [et al.] // Int. J. Wildland Fire. - 2012. - Vol. 21, Is. 7. - P818-827, DOI 10.1071/WF11038. - Cited References: 41. - The authors thank S. G. Conard and G. A. Ivanova for participation in designing and organising the fire experiments of which this research was a part. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Land-Cover Land-Use Change program; USDA Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service; and the Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF). The International Science and Technology Center (project 3695) and the Russian-based Research Foundation for Basic Research (grant 08-05-00083) provided additional financial support. . - 10. - ISSN 1049-8001РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Approximately 20 experimental fires were conducted on forest plots of 1-4 ha each in 2000-07 in two types of boreal forests in central Siberia, and 18 on 6 x 12-m plots in 2008-10. These experiments were designed to mimic wildfires under similar burning conditions. The fires were conducted in prescribed conditions including full documentation on pre-fire weather, pre-fire and post-fire forest fuels, fire intensities, and other biological, physical and chemical parameters. The amount of particulate matter emitted during a typical fire averaged 0.6 t ha(-1) and ranged within 0.2-1.0 t ha(-1) depending on burning conditions. Particulates accounted for similar to 1-7% of the total mass of the consumed biomass during a typical forest fire (10-30 t ha(-1) based on our data from 2000-07). Most of the particulate matter consists of organic substances, 77% on average, with a range of 70-90%. Elemental carbon averaged 8%, with a range of 2-18%. Trace element compositions and amounts of particulates indicate that there was no actual difference in the element emissions sampled from the fires conducted in the two forest types (6-8% in larch forest and 8% in pine forest). Most of the particulate matter, 90-95%, consists of submicrometre and near-micrometre particles similar to 0.1-5 mu m in diameter.

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Держатели документа:
[Samsonov, Y. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
[Ivanov, V. A.] Siberian State Technol Univ, Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[McRae, D. J.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
[Baker, S. P.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Samsonov, Y.N.; Ivanov, V.A.; McRae, D.J.; Baker, S.P.

/ D. J. McRae [et al.] // Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. - 2006. - Vol. 11, Is. 1. - P45-74, DOI 10.1007/s11027-006-1008-4 . - ISSN 1381-2386
Аннотация: As part of the Russian FIRE BEAR (Fire Effects in the Boreal Eurasia Region) Project, replicated 4-ha experimental fires were conducted on a dry Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris)/lichen (Cladonia sp.)/feathermoss (Pleurozeum schreberi) forest site in central Siberia. Observations from the initial seven surface fires (2000-2001) ignited under a range of burning conditions quantified the different fuel consumption and fire behavior characteristics (e.g., rate of spread, fireline intensity, etc.) possible in this particular forest fuel type. Experimental results and dendrochronological study of local fire history both support the dominance of local fire regimes by low to moderate-intensity surface fires. Carbon released by the experimental fires ranged from 4.8 to 15.4 t C ha -1 depending on fuel conditions and fire severity. Preliminary emission data show a strong correlation between carbon dioxide (CO 2) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, which should facilitate accurate estimates of fire impacts on atmospheric chemistry. Carbon concentration in smoke samples was related to fire severity. The short landscape-scale fire-return interval (50 years), combined with typically low fire severity, in pine ecosystems of central Siberia is often associated with low tree mortality and relatively rapid buildup of litter and understory fuels after a fire. В© Springer 2006.

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Держатели документа:
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. P6A 2E5, Canada
USDA Forest Service, Arlington, VA 22209, United States
Sukachev Forest Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT 59807, United States
Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
McRae, D.J.; Conard, S.G.; Ivanova, G.A.; Sukhinin, A.I.; Baker, S.P.; Samsonov, Y.N.; Blake, T.W.; Ivanov, V.A.; Ivanov, A.V.; Churkina, T.V.; Hao, W.M.; Koutzenogij, K.P.; Kovaleva, N.

/ E. V. Konev, A. I. Sukhinin // Combustion and Flame. - 1977. - Vol. 28, Is. C. - P217-223 . - ISSN 0010-2180
Аннотация: The flame-spread process through layers of some forest fuels (needles, grass etc.) has been analysed by taking fuel inhomogeneity as the factor controlling the formation of local flames at the leading edge of the flame front. It has been assumed that fuel heating ahead of the flame front is performed by radiation with heat losses due to convection; where the fuel and the flame are in direct contact, fuel is heated by radiation and convection together. The contribution of radiation in the heat balance of the spreading front for the bed of Pinus silvestris fallen needles has been estimated by temperature and radiation measurements and by painting the fuel (i.e., by two independent methods). It ranges from about 8% near the flame-spread limit to 37% under certain conditions. В© 1977.

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Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachyev Institute of Forest and Wood, USSR Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Academgorodok, USSR

Доп.точки доступа:
Konev, E.V.; Sukhinin, A.I.

/ E. V. Konev, E. K. Kisilyakhov // Combustion and Flame. - 1982. - Vol. 47, Is. C. - P1-13 . - ISSN 0010-2180
Аннотация: The flame spread limit moisture content wl of fallen pine needles was investigated in a centrifuge. The wl value was found to decrease with increasing gravitational forces and with increasing air flow velocity ?f when flame spread and centrifuge rotation directions coincided. The wl(?f) dependence had a maximum in the region of low air flow velocities when the above directions were opposite. The limit moisture content was established to be a function of particle slope angle, particle diameter, and its composition. It was also found that the limit flame spread rate depends strongly on burning conditions. The mathematical model of limit phenomena has been worked out on the basis of the heat theory of diffusion flame extinction by describing the flame spread process along plant particles as the result of interaction between a point source of flammable gases and the surrounding air flow. By comparing the experimental data with the mathematical model, gravitational forces were shown to influence the extinction limit by increasing the velocity of air flow which arises around the flame through buoyancy forces. Also it was shown that extinction by gravitational forces and by air flow occurred mainly due to increasing convective heat loss rate from the flame reaction surface to the surrounding air. В© 1982.

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Держатели документа:
V.N.Sukachyev Institute of Forest and Wood, USSR Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Academgorodok, 660036, USSR

Доп.точки доступа:
Konev, E.V.; Kisilyakhov, E.K.

/ E. A. Kukavskaya [et al.] // Int. J. Wildland Fire. - 2014. - Vol. 23, Is. 6. - P872-886, DOI 10.1071/WF13043 . - ISSN 1049-8001
Аннотация: In 2000-2002 nine 4-ha prescribed fires of various severities were conducted on experimental plots in mature Scots pine forest in the central Siberian taiga, Russia. Total above-ground living biomass decreased after low- and moderate-severity fires by 10 and 15%, whereas high-severity fire reduced living above-ground biomass by 83%. We monitored changes in fuel structure and biomass for 6-8 years following these fires. By 6-8 years after burning the ground fuel loading had recovered to 101, 96 and 82% of pre-fire levels after fires of low-, moderate- and high-severity. Down woody fuel loading increased by 0.18±0.04kgm-2year-1. We developed regressions relating time since fire to changes in above-ground biomass components for fires of different severity for feather moss-lichen Scots pine forest of Siberia. Our results demonstrate the importance of both burn severity and composition of pre-fire surface vegetation in determining rates and patterns of post-fire vegetation recovery on dry Scots pine sites in central Siberia.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, 50/28 AkademgorodokKrasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, 5775 W US Highway 10Missoula, MT, United States
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, 1219 Queen Street EastSault Ste Marie, ON, Canada
Siberian State Technological University, 82 Mira StreetKrasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Kukavskaya, E.A.; Ivanova, G.A.; Conard, S.G.; McRae, D.J.; Ivanov, V.A.

/ E. A. Kukavskaya [et al.] // For. Ecol. Manage. - 2016. - Vol. 382. - P225-235, DOI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.10.015 . - ISSN 0378-1127
Аннотация: Wildfires are one of the main disturbances that impact structure, sustainability, and carbon budget of Siberian forests, as well as infrastructure and human safety. The Zabaikal region in the south of Siberia is characterized by one of the highest levels of fire activity in Russia. We have estimated fire disturbances in the Zabaikal region using both a satellite fire dataset and official fire statistics. Both datasets show a trend of increasing fire activity in the region. According to the satellite fire dataset, from 1996 to 2015 total annual area burned in the Zabaikal region varied from 0.12 to 6.33 M ha with forest area burned accounting for 0.04–5.60 M ha. The highest fire activity was observed in the central and southern parts of the Zabaikal region. About 13% (3.88 M ha) of the total forest area in the Zabaikal region was burned more than once during the 20-yr period of observation, with many sites burned multiple times. Fire disturbance was highest in forests dominated by Scots pine. We have evaluated fire impact on fuel loads, carbon emissions, and tree regeneration on about 150 sites in the light-coniferous (larch or Scots pine dominated) forests of the region. Carbon emissions from fires on repeatedly burned areas were 3–50% of those from previously undisturbed sites. Regeneration density depended on site conditions and fire characteristics. Inadequate regeneration for forest recovery was observed in Scots pine stands on dry nutrient-poor soils as well as on repeatedly-disturbed sites. This regeneration failure is leading to transformation of forests to steppe ecosystems on some sites. We conclude that negative impacts of fire disturbance on forests of the Zabaikal region could be decreased through implementation of fire prevention measures with emphasis on education of local communities as well as construction and maintenance of a fuel break system, first of all, nearby settlements and tree plantations. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

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Держатели документа:
V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/28 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Siberian State Technological University, 82 Mira, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Emeritus Scientist, US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, MT, United States
Emeritus Scientist, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA, United States

Доп.точки доступа:
Kukavskaya, E. A.; Buryak, L. V.; Shvetsov, E. G.; Conard, S. G.; Kalenskaya, O. P.

/ E. A. Kukavskaya [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2017. - Vol. 10, Is. 1. - P62-70, DOI 10.1134/S1995425517010073 . - ISSN 1995-4255
Аннотация: Ground fuel loads and structure in dark-coniferous forests with the dominance of Siberian pine have been studied in the Central Siberian State Nature Biosphere Reserve located in the central-taiga zone of Central Siberia. The impacts of surface fires of various forms and severity on the living ground cover are examined. It is found that fires of low to moderate severity reduce ground fuel loads from 35–49 t/ha to 26–28 t/ha, while fires of moderate to high severity reduce them to 17–18 t/ha. Consumption of down woody debris varies from 3 to 29 t/ha, depending on the prefire fuel characteristics and fire form and severity. Steady fires spreading with the fire danger index PV-1 of 3919 ± 482 result in carbon emissions of 14.0 tC/ha from fires of low to moderate severity and 24.6 tC/ha from fires of moderate to high severity. The lowest carbon emissions (10.1 tC/ha) are noted for fast-moving fires spreading with PV-1 of 1167 ± 386. © 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk krai, Russian Federation
Siberian State Technological University, Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk krai, Russian Federation
Central Siberian State Nature Biosphere Reserve, Bor, Krasnoyarsk krai, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Kukavskaya, E. A.; Buryak, L. V.; Kalenskaya, O. P.; Zarubin, D. S.

/ А. V. Volokitina // Geogr. Nat. Resour. - 2017. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - P46-51, DOI 10.1134/S1875372817010061 . - ISSN 1875-3728
Аннотация: The need to improve the assessment of the wildfire hazard in nature reserves is considered. It is suggested that the natural vegetation fuel map compiled by using a specially developed determinant of the types of main conductors of burning having regard to the period of a fire-hazardous season should be used for such purposes. The types of prime conductors of burning constitute the major group of vegetation fuels which determines the possibility of the spread of burning across the territory covered by vegetation. A classification of this group was carried out on the basis of long-term pyrological investigations in different regions of the RF. The vegetation fuel maps are presented for the Stolby nature reserve, separately for the spring (autumn) and summer seasons, because the southern-taiga forests are characterized by a predominance of the grass forest types with the involvement of gramineous species. The map of the current wildfire hazard is compiled and presented as an example, on the basis of the vegetation fuel map for the spring (autumn) periods of the season for drought class II according to the weather conditions. This map is representative of the possibility or impossibility of the spread of burning for each area in the nature reserve in the event that the source of fire (of anthropogenic or natural origins) appears. It is shown that vegetation fuel map can be compiled for any nature reserve by using the determinant of the types of prime conductors of burning. © 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Volokitina, А. V.

/ R. S. Sobachkin [и др.] // Russ. J. For. Sci. - 2017. - Is. 6. - С. 431-436, DOI 10.7868/S0024114817060055 . - ISSN 0024-1148
Аннотация: Storages and structure of forest fuels were documented in herbs-green mosses pine forests of different age in forest-steppe domain. Storages of forest fuels have grown up to 31.95 t ha–1 (mature pine forest) and 29.43 t ha–1 (middle-aged pine forest) because the last fire took place more than 50 years ago. Forest litter contributed 83.4% (24.5 t ha–1) in the middle-aged and 79.3% (25.3 t ha–1) in the mature stand. Fall in the mature stand 4.8 t ha–1 (15.1%) increased the one in the middle-aged stand 3.2 t ha–1 (11.0%). Ground cover contributed 2.8% in the middle-aged pine forest and 2.6% in the mature pine forest to total storages of forest fuel. Wooded fall contributed 0.98 t ha–1 (3.1%) in the mature stand, and 0.84 t ha–1 (2.9%) in the middleaged stand. We found that fire conducting fuels (forest litter, tree waste, mosses) contribute 30.8 t ha–1 in the mature forest, and 28.4 t ha–1 in the middle-aged forest. Long-term period without fire has increased the fire danger in the stands of different ages. Highly intensive and stable surface fire is probable in the mature and middle-aged pine stands. They can cause their serious injury or even death. © 2018, Izdatel'stvo Nauka. All rights reserved.

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Forest Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academgorodok 50 bldg. 28, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Sobachkin, R. S.; Kovaleva, N. M.; Petrenko, A. E.; Sobachkin, D. S.

/ G. A. Ivanova [et al.] // J. For. Res. - 2019, DOI 10.1007/s11676-019-01038-0 . - Article in press. - ISSN 1007-662X
Аннотация: Forest fuel investigations in central and southern Siberian taiga of Scots pine forest stands dominated by lichen and feather moss ground vegetation cover revealed that total aboveground biomass varied from 13.1 to 21.0 kg/m2. Stand biomass was higher in plots in the southern taiga, while ground fuel loads were higher in the central taiga. We developed equations for fuel biomass (both aerial and ground) that could be applicable to similar pine forest sites of Central Siberia. Fuel loading variability found among plots is related to the impact and recovery time since the last wildfire and the mosaic distribution of living vegetation. Fuel consumption due to surface fires of low to high-intensities ranged from 0.95 to 3.08 kg/m2, that is, 18–74% from prefire values. The total amount of fuels available to burn in case of fire was up to 4.5–6.5 kg/m2. Moisture content of fuels (litter, lichen, feather moss) was related to weather conditions characterized by the Russian Fire Danger Index (PV-1) and FWI code of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System. The data obtained provide a strong foundation for understanding and modeling fire behavior, emissions, and fire effects on ecosystem processes and carbon stocks and could be used to improve existing global and regional models that incorporate biomass and fuel characteristics. © 2019, The Author(s).

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V.N. Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS – Separate Subdivision of the Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
M.F. Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Krasnoyarsk, 660049, Russian Federation
Emeritus Scientist, Rocky Mountain Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59807, United States
George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada

Доп.точки доступа:
Ivanova, G. A.; Kukavskaya, E. A.; Ivanov, V. A.; Conard, S. G.; McRae, D. J.

/ G. A. Ivanova, V. A. Ivanov // Lesnoy Zh. - 2020. - Is. 4. - С. 9-26, DOI 10.37482/0536-1036-2020-4-9-26. - Cited References:38. - The research was supported by the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant projects No. 07-04-00562 and 19-58-80002 BRICS-t). . - ISSN 0536-1036РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Fires in the forests of Siberia occur annually and cause enormous damage to natural resources. Therefore, studies of the natural forest fire hazard, one of the components of which are forest fuels. are relevant. The research carried out on 53 sites in the pine forests growing along the Yenisei meridian transect revealed that surface fuel loads in pine stands of different zones of Central Siberia are defined by geographical latitude and increase from the forest-steppe zone to the northern taiga subzone. The largest forest fuel loads are concentrated in the pine stands of the northern and middle taiga. Their composition is dominated by loads of duff, the fraction of which in surface fuel loads increases from the forest-steppe zone (57.4 %) to the northern taiga zone (71.3 %). The obtained dynamic equations of the reserves of grass-shrub understory over the season may be applicable to grassy types of pine forests. Combustion of surface forest fuels in pine forests during surface fires of different intensity varies from 10.8 to 31.4 t/ha, which is from 26.1 to 74.1 % of their loads before the fire. The intensity of fires determines not only the number of burned forest fuels, but also their post-pyrogenic accumulation regardless of zonal and environmental conditions. The variation of fuel loads in forest areas is related to pyrogenic effects and the recovery period after the last fire, as well as to the mosaic distribution of living ground vegetation. Equations of accumulation of surface forest fuels after fires of different intensity that can be applied to pine forests of Central Siberia are developed. A change of dominants in the ground cover and a decrease in the productivity of the grass-shrub understoiy occurs in a long-term absence of fires in pine forests. The development of moss cover contributes to the decrease in litter reserves. The data obtained on the loads of surface forest fuels and their transformation during a fire provide the basis for understanding and simulation fire behavior, estimating emissions and impacts of fires on fuel loads, and can be used for improvement the existing global and regional models.

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Держатели документа:
RAS, Siberian Branch, Div Fed Res Ctr, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr,Sukachev Inst Forest, Ul Akad Gorodok 50-28, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Reshetnev Siberian State Univ Sci & Technol, Ul Mira 82, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Ivanova, G. A.; Ivanov, V. A.; Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of Sciences; Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [07-04-00562, 19-58-80002 BRICS-t]

/ G. A. Ivanova, E. A. Kukavskaya, V. A. Ivanov [et al.] // J. For. Res. - 2020. - Vol. 31, Is. 6. - P2507-2524, DOI 10.1007/s11676-019-01038-0. - Cited References:70 . - ISSN 1007-662X. - ISSN 1993-0607РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Forest fuel investigations in central and southern Siberian taiga of Scots pine forest stands dominated by lichen and feather moss ground vegetation cover revealed that total aboveground biomass varied from 13.1 to 21.0 kg/m(2). Stand biomass was higher in plots in the southern taiga, while ground fuel loads were higher in the central taiga. We developed equations for fuel biomass (both aerial and ground) that could be applicable to similar pine forest sites of Central Siberia. Fuel loading variability found among plots is related to the impact and recovery time since the last wildfire and the mosaic distribution of living vegetation. Fuel consumption due to surface fires of low to high-intensities ranged from 0.95 to 3.08 kg/m(2), that is, 18-74% from prefire values. The total amount of fuels available to burn in case of fire was up to 4.5-6.5 kg/m(2). Moisture content of fuels (litter, lichen, feather moss) was related to weather conditions characterized by the Russian Fire Danger Index (PV-1) and FWI code of the Canadian Forest Fire Weather Index System. The data obtained provide a strong foundation for understanding and modeling fire behavior, emissions, and fire effects on ecosystem processes and carbon stocks and could be used to improve existing global and regional models that incorporate biomass and fuel characteristics.

WOS

Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
MF Reshetnev Siberian State Univ Sci & Technol, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia.
US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA.
George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.

Доп.точки доступа:
Ivanova, Galina A.; Kukavskaya, Elena A.; Ivanov, Valery A.; Conard, Susan G.; McRae, Douglas J.

[Текст] : научное издание / А. В. Волокитина // Сибирский лесной журнал. - 2023. - № 6. - С. 50-62, DOI 10.15372/SJFS20230606 . - ISSN 2311-1410
   Перевод заглавия: DEVELOPMENT OF AN IDENTIFIER OF PRIMARY FIRE CARRIERS

ГРНТИ

68.47.41

Аннотация: Для совершенствования лесопожарной охраны необходимы крупномасштабные карты растительных горючих материалов (РГМ). Технология составления карт РГМ разработана в Институте леса им. В. Н. Сукачева СО РАН. Она включает методики составления карт по имеющимся материалам лесоустройства, в процессе нового лесоустройства, в процессе лесоинвентаризации или автономное составление крупномасштабных карт РГМ на ограниченные территории с использованием аэроснимков или космоснимков сверхвысокого разрешения. Для применения любой из перечисленных методик необходим определитель типов основных проводников горения (ОПГ), главной группы растительных горючих материалов, которая при появлении источников огня при определенных метеоданных обеспечивает возможность возникновения и распространения по территории пламенного горения. Типы ОПГ отражаются на самой карте, а другие группы РГМ - в прилагаемом пирологическом описании, которое представляет собой сокращенное таксационное описание с добавлением по каждому выделу отметки типа основного проводника горения с учетом критического класса засухи по условиям погоды и периода пожароопасного сезона. В статье рассматриваются методические вопросы разработки определителя типов ОПГ на примере Красноярского Приангарья, поскольку требуется адаптация для использования его в других регионах. Приведен пример определителя, использованного при глазомерной таксации при лесоустройстве ряда заповедников. В результате на ГИС-основе были созданы информационные базы данных для оперативного составления крупномасштабных карт растительных горючих материалов, которые могут использоваться для оценки текущей природной пожарной опасности в зависимости от погодных условий и для прогноза поведения возникших пожаров
To improve forest fire protection, large-scale vegetation fuel maps (VF) are needed. The technology for creating VF maps was developed at the Sukachev Institute of Forest SB RAS. It includes methods for making maps based on available forest inventory data, in the process of a new forest inventory, in the process of forest planning, or autonomous creation of large-scale VF maps for limited areas using aerial or ultra-high resolution satellite images. To apply any of the above methods, it is necessary to determine the types of primary fire carriers (PFC), the main group of vegetation fuels, which, when sources of fire appear, under certain weather conditions, causes the possibility of the emergence and spread of flame combustion throughout the territory. PFC types are reflected on the map itself, and other VF groups are reflected in the attached pyrological description, which is an abbreviated forestry description and information about a PFC type for each forestry plot, taking into account the critical drought class according to weather conditions and the period of a fire season. The article discusses the methodological issues of developing an identifier of PFC types on the example of Krasnoyarsk Priangar’e, since adaptation is required for its use in other regions. An example of the identifier given was used in the visual inventory during the forest management of a number of nature reserves. The result was a GIS-based information database for prompt creation of large-scale VF maps that can be used to assess the current natural fire hazard depending on weather conditions and to predict the behavior of occurring fires

РИНЦ

Держатели документа:
ИЛ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр. 28

Доп.точки доступа:
Volokitina, Alexandra Vital'yevna