Рубрики:
MAXIMUM-LATEWOOD-DENSITY
SUMMER TEMPERATURE-VARIATIONS
LIGHT
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
microdensitometry -- maximum latewood density (MXD) -- X-ray densitometry -- blue intensity -- anatomical density -- paleoclimatology
MAXIMUM-LATEWOOD-DENSITY
SUMMER TEMPERATURE-VARIATIONS
LIGHT
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
microdensitometry -- maximum latewood density (MXD) -- X-ray densitometry -- blue intensity -- anatomical density -- paleoclimatology
Аннотация: X-ray microdensitometry on annually resolved tree-ring samples has gained an exceptional position in last-millennium paleoclimatology through the maximum latewood density (MXD) parameter, but also increasingly through other density parameters. For 50 years, X-ray based measurement techniques have been the de facto standard. However, studies report offsets in the mean levels for MXD measurements derived from different laboratories, indicating challenges of accuracy and precision. Moreover, reflected visible light-based techniques are becoming increasingly popular, and wood anatomical techniques are emerging as a potentially powerful pathway to extract density information at the highest resolution. Here we review the current understanding and merits of wood density for tree-ring research, associated microdensitometric techniques, and analytical measurement challenges. The review is further complemented with a careful comparison of new measurements derived at 17 laboratories, using several different techniques. The new experiment allowed us to corroborate and refresh "long-standing wisdom" but also provide new insights. Key outcomes include (i) a demonstration of the need for mass/volume-based recalibration to accurately estimate average ring density; (ii) a substantiation of systematic differences in MXD measurements that cautions for great care when combining density data sets for climate reconstructions; and (iii) insights into the relevance of analytical measurement resolution in signals derived from tree-ring density data. Finally, we provide recommendations expected to facilitate futureinter-comparability and interpretations for global change research.
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Держатели документа:
Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
Czech Univ Life Sci, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Prague, Czech Republic.
Gothenburg Univ, Ctr Earth Sci, Lab Dendrochronol, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Univ St Andrews, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.
Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, New York, NY USA.
Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, UGent Woodlab, Lab Wood Technol,Dept Environm, Ghent, Belgium.
Univ Ghent, Ctr Xray Tomog UGCT, Ghent, Belgium.
Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Forest Utilizat & Forest Technol, Dresden, Germany.
Swansea Univ, Dept Geog, Swansea, W Glam, Wales.
Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Dendrogreif, Greifswald, Germany.
Univ Cambridge, Dept Geog, Cambridge, England.
William Paterson Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Wayne, NJ 07470 USA.
Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Dept Geog, Mainz, Germany.
Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, Stockholm, Sweden.
Forest & Wood Technol Res Ctr CETEMAS, Asturias, Spain.
Univ Huelva, Dept Ciencias Agroforestales, Huelva, Spain.
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Earth Environm, State Key Lab Loess & Quaternary Geol, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Excellence Quaternary Sci & Global Change, Xian, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.
Univ Silesia, Fac Earth Sci, Katowice, Poland.
Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, Inst Ecol & Geog, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Argentino Nivol Glaciol & Ciencias Ambiental, Mendoza, Argentina.
UNCuyo, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Mendoza, Argentina.
Univ Innsbruck, Inst Geog, Innsbruck, Austria.
Univ Pablo de Olavide, Dept Sistemas Fis Quim & Nat, Seville, Spain.
Nat Resources Inst, Joensuu, Finland.
Доп.точки доступа:
Bjorklund, J.; von Arx, G.; Nievergelt, D.; Wilson, R.; Van den Bulcke, J.; Gunther, B.; Loader, N. J.; Rydval, M.; Fonti, P.; Scharnweber, T.; Andreu-Hayles, L.; Buntgen, U.; D'Arrigo, R.; Davi, N.; De Mil, T.; Esper, J.; Gartner, H.; Geary, J.; Gunnarson, B. E.; Hartl, C.; Hevia, A.; Song, H.; Janecka, K.; Kaczka, R. J.; Kirdyanov, A. V.; Kochbeck, M.; Liu, Y.; Meko, M.; Mundo, I.; Nicolussi, K.; Oelkers, R.; Pichler, T.; Sanchez-Salguero, R.; Schneider, L.; Schweingruber, F.; Timonen, M.; Trouet, V.; Van Acker, J.; Verstege, A.; Villalba, R.; Wilmking, M.; Frank, D.; Wilson, Rob; liu, yu; Swiss National Science FoundationSwiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [iTREE CRSII3_136295, P300P2_154543, 150205]; Transnational Access to Research Infrastructures activity in the 7th Framework Programme of the EC under the Trees4Future project [284181]; Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation SERI [SBFI C14.0104]; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF)Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [XELLCLIM 200021_182398]; EVA4.0 project [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000803]; Ghent UniversityGhent University [BOF. DOC.2014.0037.01]; National Science Centre (Poland) [DEC-2013/11/B/ST10/04764]; FEDER fundsEuropean Union (EU) [IJCI-2015-25845]; Russian Science FoundationRussian Science Foundation (RSF) [18-1400072]; German Science FoundationGerman Research Foundation (DFG) [Inst 247/665-1 FUGG, ES 161/9-1, HA 8048/1-1, Wi 2680/8-1]; Leibnitz Association (project BaltRap); Austrian Science Fund FWFAustrian Science Fund (FWF) [I 1183-N19]; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF)National Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-15-02150, PLR-15-04134, PLR-1603473]; project "SustES - Adaptation strategies for sustainable ecosystem services and food security under adverse environmental conditions" [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000797]; NERCNERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/K003097/1]; UK NERCNERC Natural Environment Research Council [NE/P011527/1]; EU project "Millennium" [017008]; U.S. NSF CAREER GrantNational Science Foundation (NSF) [AGS-1349942]; BNP Paribas Foundation (Award THEMES)