Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

[Text] / L. B. Larsen [et al.] // Geophys. Res. Lett. - 2008. - Vol. 35, Is. 4. - Ст. L04708, DOI 10.1029/2007GL032450. - Cited References: 36 . - 5. - ISSN 0094-8276РУБ Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: New and well-dated evidence of sulphate deposits in Greenland and Antarctic ice cores indicate a substantial and extensive atmospheric acidic dust veil at A. D. 533-534 +/- 2 years. This was likely produced by a large explosive, near equatorial volcanic eruption, causing widespread dimming and contributing to the abrupt cooling across much of the Northern Hemisphere known from historical records and tree-ring data to have occurred in A. D. 536. Tree-ring data suggest that this was the most severe and protracted short-term cold episode across the Northern Hemisphere in the last two millennia, even surpassing the severity of the cold period following the Tambora eruption in 1815.

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Держатели документа:
[Larsen, L. B.
Vinther, B. M.
Clausen, H. B.
Siggaard-Andersen, M. -L.
Hammer, C. U.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Ice & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
[Vinther, B. M.
Briffa, K. R.
Melvin, T. M.
Jones, P. D.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Climat Res Unit, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England
[Eronen, M.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geol, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
[Grudd, H.
Gunnarson, B. E.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Quaternary Geol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
[Hantemirov, R. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Ural Branch, Inst Plant & Anim Ecol, Lab Dendrochronol, Ekaterinburg 620144, Russia
[Naurzbaev, M. M.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Dendroecol Dept, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Nicolussi, K.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Geog, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

Доп.точки доступа:
Larsen, L.B.; Vinther, B.M.; Briffa, K.R.; Melvin, T.M.; Clausen, H.B.; Jones, P.D.; Siggaard-Andersen, M.L.; Hammer, C.U.; Eronen, M...; Grudd, H...; Gunnarson, B.E.; Hantemirov, R.M.; Naurzbaev, M.M.; Nicolussi, K...

/ V. A. Alexeyev // Science of the Total Environment. - 1995. - Vol. 160-161. - P605-617, DOI 10.1016/0048-9697(95)04395-H . - ISSN 0048-9697
Аннотация: As are other parts of the earth, arctic and subarctic territories are influenced by global, regional, and local air pollution. In Europe, the greatest load of airborne contaminants is observed in terrestrial ecosystems of the Kola Peninsula; in Asia, the greatest load is found in ecosystems of the Taimyr Peninsula, where large copper-nickel smelters are functioning. The studies described here for these regions encompassed local and regional deposition of pollutants (mainly sulfates and trace metals); changes in the composition, structure, productivity, and status of forest vegetation; morphological reactions of plant species and their regenerative activity; reforestation processes; successions; element composition of plants and soils; and biological activity of soils. The key findings of long-term studies are as follows. First, the symptoms of plant damage by air and soil pollutants in arctic and temperate zones are the same. Second, plants weakened by natural stresses have lower thresholds of sensitivity to airborn pollutants. Third, rapid destruction of northern plant communities by pollutants is often connected with a wide distribution of sensitive species (e.g., lichens) and previously weakened plants. Fourth, the specific structure of far northern forest and tundra ecosystems (in particular, open canopy and/or thin photosynthetic layer) and the severe climate produce some peculiarities in plant damage, namely (1) a large difference in the rate and intensity of damage to upper and lower parts of plants if the green parts are above or under snow in the winter, (2) simultaneous damage of different parts of stands that are above snow cover, and (3) an increase in the krummholz effect (stunted, low-lying branches) for evergreen coniferous trees. These findings were obtained for conditions of evident airborne contamination. The impact of low level regional pollutants on arctic and subartic vegetation is not sufficiently understood.

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Полный текст

Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute for Forest Research, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Alexeyev, V.A.