Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ M. . Bryukhanova, P. . Fonti // Trees-Struct. Funct. - 2013. - Vol. 27, Is. 3. - P485-496, DOI 10.1007/s00468-012-0802-8. - Cited References: 45. - This study was supported by Swiss National Foundation through an International short visit (Grant number: #131408) and through the cooperation on the project INTEGRAL (#121859). We would like to thank David Frank and Georg von Arx for their assistance and critical discussion of an earlier version of the manuscript, and Kathlene English and Gregory King for the English review. . - 12. - ISSN 0931-1890РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Thanks to acclimation, trees overcome environmental changes and endure for centuries. The anatomy of water conducting cells is an important factor determining plant success. Forming cells are coupled with the environment and their properties are naturally archived in the wood. Its variability across tree rings can thus provide a retrospective of plant's hydraulic adjustments. In this work, we measured lumen and wall thickness of tracheids along tree-rings to explore how trees regulate their conducting system under variable plant-water conditions. Tracheids were measured along 51 dated rings of five mature Larix decidua and Picea abies trees from a low elevation site. Anatomical-based chronologies of annual growth performance, hydraulic conductance and safety, and construction costs were built. Similarities among chronologies and the relation to monthly climate data were analyzed. Most parameters displayed high annual plasticity which was partly coherent among trees and mostly associated with radial growth. In general, summer drought reduced growth and potential hydraulic conductivity of the forming ring, and increased hydraulic safety and construction costs. To evaluate the functional relevance of the annual acclimation, the conductivity of the forming ring relative to the entire sapwood needs to be assessed.

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Держатели документа:
[Bryukhanova, Marina] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Fonti, Patrick] WSL Swiss Fed Res Inst, CH-8903 Zurich, Switzerland

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Bryukhanova, M...; Fonti, P...

/ O. S. Pokrovsky [et al.] // C. R. Geosci. - 2012. - Vol. 344, Is. 11.12.2013. - P663-677, DOI 10.1016/j.crte.2012.08.003. - Cited References: 81. - This work was supported by ANR "Arctic Metals", LIA "LEAGE", PICS No. 6063, GDRI "CAR WET SIB", grants RFBR-CNRS Nos 12-05-91055, 08-05-00312_a, 07-05-92212-CNRS_a, 08-04-92495-CNRS_a, CRDF RUG1-2980-KR10, Federal Program RF "Kadry" (contract N 14.740.11.0935), and Programs of Presidium RAS and UrORAS. . - 15. - ISSN 1631-0713РУБ Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: Warming of the permafrost accompanied by the release of ancient soil organic carbon is one of the most significant environmental threats within the global climate change scenario. While the main sites of permafrost carbon processing and its release to the atmosphere are thermokarst (thaw) lakes and ponds, the main carriers of carbon and related major and trace elements from the land to the Arctic ocean are Russian subarctic rivers. The source of carbon in these rivers is atmospheric C consumed by chemical weathering of rocks and amplified by plant uptake and litter decomposition. This multidisciplinary study describes results of more than a decade of observations and measurements of elements fluxes, stocks and mechanisms in the Russian boreal and subarctic zone, from Karelia region to the Kamchatka peninsula, along the gradient of permafrost-free terrain to continuous permafrost settings, developed on various lithology and vegetation types. We offer a comprehensive, geochemically-based view on the functioning of aquatic boreal systems which quantifies the role of the following factors on riverine element fluxes: (1) the specificity of lithological substrate; (2) the importance of organic and organo-mineral colloidal forms, notably during the snowmelt season; (3) the phenomenon of lakes seasonal overturn; (4) the role of permafrost within the small and large watersheds; and (5) the governing role of terrestrial vegetation in element mobilization from rock substrate to the river. Care of such a multiple approach, a first order prediction of the evolution of element stocks and fluxes under scenario of progressive warming in high latitudes becomes possible. It follows the increase of frozen peat thawing in western Siberia will increase the stocks of elements in surface waters by a factor of 3 to 10 whereas the increase of the thickness of active layer, the biomass and the primary productivity all over permafrost-affected zone will bring about a short-term increase of elements stocks in labile reservoir (plant litter) and riverine fluxes by a factor of 2. The change of the plant productivity and community composition under climate warming in central Siberia will be the most important factor of major and trace element fluxes increase (probably a factor of 2) from the soil to the river and, finally, to the Arctic Ocean. (c) 2012 Academie des sciences. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
[Pokrovsky, Oleg S.
Viers, Jerome
Dupre, Bernard
Audry, Stephane] Univ Toulouse, CNRS IRD OMP, Geosci Environm Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Chabaux, Francois] CNRS, EOST, UMR 7517, CGS, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
[Gaillardet, Jerome] Inst Phys Globe Strasbourg Paris, Equipe Geochim Cosmochim, F-75005 Paris, France
[Prokushkin, Anatoly S.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Shirokova, Liudmila S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ecol Problems N, Arkhangelsk, Russia
[Kirpotin, Sergey N.] Tomsk State Univ, Tomsk 634050, Russia
[Lapitsky, Sergey A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Geol Fac, Moscow, Russia
[Shevchenko, Vladimir P.] RAS, PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow 117901, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Pokrovsky, O.S.; Viers, J...; Dupre, B...; Chabaux, F...; Gaillardet, J...; Audry, S...; Prokushkin, A.S.; Shirokova, L.S.; Kirpotin, S.N.; Lapitsky, S.A.; Shevchenko, V.P.

/ L. S. Shugalei, V. V. Chuprova // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2012. - Vol. 45, Is. 3. - P246-256, DOI 10.1134/S1064229312030106. - Cited References: 30. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project Siberia no. 09-04-98013). . - 11. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The soil formation was studied in the 21- to 35-year-old pine plantations created on the overburden dumps of the Nazarovskaya Depression without applying the material of the humus horizon. The surface technogenic formations under the pine plantations belong to the group of naturfabricats (surface formations devoid of the humus horizon and composed of natural substrate). The morphological characteristics, bulk chemical and particle-size compositions, and labile properties of the soils indicate that the accumulation and transformation of organic matter are dominant processes in the artificially planted forests. The accumulation of organic residues and destruction and humification are tightly related to the environmental conditions transformed by the technogenesis and conceal other processes forming the soil profiles. Quasizems created for agricultural production purposes were the objects of the study. They were formed by covering the technically planned overburden rocks with the material of humus layers. The thickness of the humus horizons of the quasizems varies greatly (25-64%); the variation of the humus reserves in them is 34-122%. Middle-profile horizons have not been formed by the present time.

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[Shugalei, L. S.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Shugalei, L. S.
Chuprova, V. V.] Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Shugalei, L.S.; Chuprova, V.V.

/ E. D. Schulze [et al.] // Biogeosciences. - 2012. - Vol. 9, Is. 4. - P1405-1421, DOI 10.5194/bg-9-1405-2012. - Cited References: 39. - We thank Annett Borner for her help with the artwork, and Dominik Hessenmoller for his help. We also thank Inge Schulze for all her support during the fieldwork. The data processing was supported by the Russian "Megagrant" 11.G34.31.0014 from 30 November 2010 to E. D. Schulze by the Russian Federation and the Siberian Federal University to support research projects by leading scientists at Russian Institutions of higher Education. . - 17. - ISSN 1726-4170РУБ Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: The relative role of fire and of climate in determining canopy species composition and aboveground carbon stocks were investigated. Measurements were made along a transect extending from the dark taiga zone of central Siberia, where Picea and Abies dominate the canopy, into the Larix zone of eastern Siberia. We test the hypotheses that the change in canopy species composition is based (1) on climate-driven performance only, (2) on fire only, or (3) on fire-performance interactions. We show that the evergreen conifers Picea obovata and Abies sibirica are the natural late-successional species both in central and eastern Siberia, provided there has been no fire for an extended period of time. There are no changes in performance of the observed species along the transect. Fire appears to be the main factor explaining the dominance of Larix and of soil carbon. Of lesser influence were longitude as a proxy for climate, local hydrology and active-layer thickness. We can only partially explain fire return frequency, which is not only related to climate and land cover, but also to human behavior. Stand-replacing fires decreased from 300 to 50 yrs between the Yenisei Ridge and the upper Tunguska. Repeated non-stand-replacing surface fires eliminated the regeneration of Abies and Picea. With every 100 yrs since the last fire, the percentage of Larix decreased by 20%. Biomass of stems of single trees did not show signs of age-related decline. Relative diameter increment was 0.41 +/- 0.20% at breast height and stem volume increased linearly over time with a rate of about 0.36 t C ha(-1) yr(-1) independent of age class and species. Stand biomass reached about 130 t C ha(-1)(equivalent to about 520 m(3) ha(-1)). Individual trees of Larix were older than 600 yrs. The maximum age and biomass seemed to be limited by fungal rot of heart wood. 60% of old Larix and Picea and 30% of Pinus sibirica trees were affected by stem rot. Implications for the future role of fire and of plant diseases are discussed.

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Держатели документа:
[Schulze, E. -D.
Mollicone, D.
Ziegler, W.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
[Wirth, C.] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
[Mollicone, D.
Achard, F.] Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-21027 Ispra, Italy
[von Luepke, N.
Mund, M.] Univ Gottingen, Dept Ecoinformat Bioemetr & Forest Growth, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
[Prokushkin, A.] SB RAS, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Scherbina, S.] Centralno Sibirsky Nat Reserve, Bor, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Schulze, E.D.; Wirth, C...; Mollicone, D...; von Lupke, N...; Ziegler, W...; Achard, F...; Mund, M...; Prokushkin, A...; Scherbina, S...

[Text] / A. . Rodionov [et al.] // Eur. J. Soil Sci. - 2007. - Vol. 58, Is. 6. - P1260-1272, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2007.00919.x. - Cited References: 44 . - 13. - ISSN 1351-0754РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: Soils of the high latitudes are expected to respond sensitively to climate change, but still little is known about carbon and nitrogen variability in them. We investigated the 0.44-km(2) Little Grawijka Creek catchment of the forest tundra ecotone (northern Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russian Federation) in order (i) to relate the active-layer thickness to controlling environmental factors, (ii) to quantify soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (NT) stocks, and (iii) to assess their variability with respect to different landscape units. The catchment was mapped on a 50 x 50 m grid for topography, dominant tree and ground vegetation, organic-layer and moss-layer thickness, and active-layer thickness. At each grid point, bulk density, and SOC and NT concentrations were determined for depth increments. At three selected plots, 2-m deep soil cores were taken and analysed for SOC, NT and C-14. A shallow active layer was found in intact raised bogs at plateaux situations and in mineral soils of north-northeast (NNE) aspect. Good drainage and greater solar insolation on the south-southwest (SSW) slopes are reflected in deeper active layers or lack of permafrost. Organic carbon stocks to a soil depth of 90 cm varied between 5 and 95 kg m(-2). The greatest stocks were found in the intact raised bogs and on the NNE slopes. Canonical correspondence analysis indicates the dominant role of active-layer thickness for SOC and NT storage. The 2-m soil cores suggest that permafrost soils store about the same amount of SOC from 90 to 200 cm as in the upper 90 cm. Most of this deep SOC pool was formed in the mid-Holocene (organic soils) and the late Pleistocene (mineral soils). Our results showed that even within a small catchment of the forest tundra, active-layer thickness and, hence, SOC and NT storage vary greatly within the landscape mosaic. This has to be taken into account when using upscaling methods such as remote sensing for assessing SOC and NT storage and cycling at a regional to continental level.

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Держатели документа:
Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Agr & Ernahrungswissensch, D-06108 Halle, Germany
Univ Gottingen, Inst Bodenkunde & Waldernahrung, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany
SB RAS, Field Stn Igarka Permafrost Inst Yakutsk, Igarka 663200, Russia
SB RAS, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Rodionov, A...; Flessa, H...; Grabe, M...; Kazansky, O.A.; Shibistova, O...; Guggenberger, G...

[Text] / A. . Kirdyanov [et al.] // Trees-Struct. Funct. - 2003. - Vol. 17, Is. 1. - P61-69, DOI 10.1007/s00468-002-0209-z. - Cited References: 51 . - 9. - ISSN 0931-1890РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Wood material for at least 12 larch trees at six sites [Larix sibirica Ldb, Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr, Larix cajanderi Mayr] near the northern timberline in Siberia was analyzed to investigate influence of climatic factor changes on tree-ring growth at high latitudes. Tree-ring cell size, maximum latewood density and ring width measured by means of image analysis and X-ray radiodensitometry and calculated latewood cell-wall thickness were used. Correlation analysis of tree-ring structure parameter chronologies with temperatures averaged over periods of 5 days (pentad) shows that early summer temperature (mean for 5-6 pentads, depending on the region, starting from the middle of June) and date of snow melt are the most important factors that define seasonal growth and tree-ring structure. Analysis of instrumental climatic data indicates that a positive trend of early summer temperature was combined with winter precipitation (October-April) increase and this combination leads to later snow melt. Based of the results of tree-ring growth modelling, it was shown that later snow melt (hence, delayed initiation of cambial activity and, as a result, decrease of wood production) explains the changes in the relationship between tree ring width and summer temperature dynamics observed after the 1960s for a large area of the Siberian Subarctic. The understanding of the role of winter precipitation in controlling ring growth, through its effect on the timing of cambial activation, suggests the possibility of using ring structure parameters to create reconstructions of past winter precipitation variations.

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Держатели документа:
RAS, SB, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Доп.точки доступа:
Kirdyanov, A...; Hughes, M...; Vaganov, E...; Schweingruber, F...; Silkin, P...

[Text] / M. A. Sofronov, A. V. Volokitina, E. A. Karnaukhova // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2002. - Vol. 35, Is. 8. - P865-868. - Cited References: 11 . - 4. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: At present, the thawing depth in permafrost-affected soils is measured from the surface of the moss-lichen cover; if the latter is absent, measurements are performed from the surface of the litter layer. In the first case, the thickness of the root zone is less than the thawing depth by the thickness of the moss-lichen layer; in the second case, the thickness of the root zone is virtually equal to the thawing depth. Thus, upon equal thawing depths, the soil temperature regime in the root zone under the moss-lichen cover differs from that in the soil without this cover. In order to avoid this discrepancy, it is suggested that the thawing depth should be measured from the upper boundary of the root zone.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Sofronov, M.A.; Volokitina, A.V.; Karnaukhova, E.A.

[Text] / K. . Yazaki [et al.] // Tree Physiol. - 2001. - Vol. 21, Is. 16. - P1223-1229. - Cited References: 39 . - 7. - ISSN 0829-318XРУБ Forestry

Аннотация: We compared effects of ambient (360 vpm) and elevated (720 vpm) carbon dioxide concentration ([CO(2)]) and high and low nutrient supply rates on stem growth, annual ring structure and tracheid anatomy of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) seedlings over two growing seasons. Elevated [CO(2)] had no significant effect on either stem height or diameter growth; however, both stem height and diameter growth were enhanced by the high nutrient supply rate, and these increases were stimulated by elevated [CO(2)]. Elevated [CO(2)] tended to increase the width of the annual xylem ring, the number of cells in a radial file spanning the ring, and tracheid lumen diameter, whereas it tended to reduce cell wall thickness, although there were no statistically significant CO(2) effects on tracheid anatomy. Changes in tracheid cell morphology seemed to be dependent on changes in shoot elongation rates.

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Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608589, Japan
Tohoku Res Ctr, Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Morioka, Iwate 0200123, Japan
Hokaido Res Ctr, Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0628516, Japan
Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Hokkaido Univ Forests, FSC, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan

Доп.точки доступа:
Yazaki, K...; Funada, R...; Mori, S...; Maruyama, Y...; Abaimov, A.P.; Kayama, M...; Koike, T...

[Text] / J. . Viers [et al.] // Biogeochemistry. - 2013. - Vol. 113, Is. 01.03.2013. - P435-449, DOI 10.1007/s10533-012-9770-8. - Cited References: 72. - We would like to thank the Ministere de l'Educational Nationale et de la Recherche, le Ministere des Affaires Etrabngers et l'INSU/CNRS (through the EC2CO program) of France for supporting this work. . - 15. - ISSN 0168-2563РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: We measured the seasonal dynamics of major and trace elements concentrations in foliage of larch, main conifer species of Siberia, and we analyzed cryogenic soils collected in typical permafrost-dominated habitats in the Central Siberia. This region offers a unique opportunity to study element fractionation between the soil and the plant because of (i) the homogeneous geological substratum, (ii) the monospecific stands (Larix gmelinii) and (iii) the contrasted habitats (North-facing slope, South-facing slope, and Sphagnum peatbog) in terms of soil temperature, moisture, thickness of the active layer, tree biomass and rooting depth. The variation of these parameters from one habitat to the other allowed us to test the effects of these parameters on the element concentration in larch foliage considered with high seasonal resolution. Statistical treatment of data on larch needles collected 4 times in 3 locations during entire growing season (June-September) demonstrated that : (1) there is a high similarity of foliar chemical composition of larch trees in various habitats suggesting intrinsically similar requirements of larch tree growth for nutrients, (2) the variation of elemental concentrations in larch needles is controlled by the period (within the growing season) and not by the geographical location (South-facing slope, North-facing slope or bog zone) and (3) there are three groups of elements according to their patterns of elements concentration in needles over the growing season from June to September can be identified: (1): nutrient elements [P, Cu, Rb, K, B, Na, Zn, Ni and Cd] showing a decrease of concentration from June to September similar to the behaviour of major nutrients such as N, P and K; (2): accumulating elements [Ca, Mg, Mo, Co, Sr, Mn, Pb and Cr] showing an increase of concentration from June-July to September; (3): indifferent elements [Al, Zr, Fe, Ba, Ti, REEs (Pr, Nd, Ce, La, Gd, Er, Dy, Tb, Lu, Yb, Tm, Sm, Ho, Eu), Y, Th and U] showing a decrease of concentration from June to July and then an increase of concentration to September. A number of micronutrients (e.g., Cu, Zn) demonstrate significant resorption at the end of growing season suggesting possible limitation by these elements. Although the intrinsic requirement seems to be similar among habitats, the total amount of element stored within the different habitats is drastically different due to the differences in standing tree biomass. The partitioning coefficients between soil and larch appear to be among the lowest compared to other environments with variable plants, soils and climates. Applying the "space for time" substitution scenario, it follows that under ongoing climate warming there will be an increase of the element stock following enhanced above-ground biomass accumulation, even considering zero modification of element ratios and their relative mobility. In this sense, the habitats like south-facing slopes can serve as resultant of climate warming effect on element cycling in larch ecosystems for the larger territory of Central Siberia.

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Держатели документа:
[Viers, J.
Pokrovsky, O. S.
Auda, Y.
Beaulieu, E.
Zouiten, C.
Oliva, P.
Dupre, B.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, GET OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Prokushkin, A. S.
Kirdyanov, A. V.] Sukachev Inst Forestry SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, O. S.] UroRAS, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Viers, J.; Prokushkin, Anatoly S.; Прокушкин, Анатолий Станиславович; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Auda, Y.; Kirdyanov, Alexander V.; Кирдянов, Александр Викторович; Beaulieu, E.; Zouiten, C.; Oliva, P.; Dupre, B.; Ministere de l'Educational Nationale et de la Recherche; le Ministere des Affaires Etrabngers; l'INSU/CNRS of France

[Text] / T. T. Efremova [et al.] // J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. - 2003. - Vol. 256, Is. 1. - P143-148, DOI 10.1023/A:1023372630804. - Cited References: 15 . - 6. - ISSN 0236-5731РУБ Chemistry, Analytical + Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear + Nuclear Science & Technology

Аннотация: Biogeochemical migration of heavy metals in the course of marsh formation is mainly determined by physical-chemical processes, such as the oxidation-reduction zonality of the peatbog thickness and the state of humous substances (the quality of humus adsorptive barriers). In the process of peatbog formation V, U, Ta are the weakly captured elements while Mo is captured to a relatively higher extent. Elements as Ti and W are found in separate layers. No technogenic degradation of the marsh ecosystem in the Ob and Tom has been observed.

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Держатели документа:
RAS, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
RAS, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Siberian Branch, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Efremova, T.T.; Efremov, S.P.; Koutsenogii, K.P.; Peresedov, V.F.

[Text] / T. T. Efremova [et al.] // J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. - 2001. - Vol. 247, Is. 2. - P419-424, DOI 10.1023/A:1006738609415. - Cited References: 15 . - 6. - ISSN 0236-5731РУБ Chemistry, Analytical + Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear + Nuclear Science & Technology

Аннотация: In a eutrophic marsh. Fe. Mn. Ni. and Co are the elements of moderate biological capture and Cr is the element of weak biological capture. Over the history of the peatbog formation migration of elements is determined by the oxidation-reduction zonality of the peatbog thickness, the quality of humous barriers. and the carbonate equilibrium in the stagnant waters. No technogenic degradation of the marshes in the southern taiga of Western Siberia has been detected.

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Держатели документа:
RAS, Siberian Branch, Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
RAS, Siberian Branch, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Efremova, T.T.; Efremov, S.P.; Koutsenogii, K.P.; Peresedov, V.F.

[Text] / T. T. Efremova [et al.] // J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. - 1998. - Vol. 227, Is. 01.02.2013. - P31-36, DOI 10.1007/BF02386427. - Cited References: 17 . - 6. - ISSN 0236-5731РУБ Chemistry, Analytical + Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear + Nuclear Science & Technology

Аннотация: Siberian peat bog are the largest in the world. Collecting of data on contaminating elements in Siberian peat deposits is important because no quantitative information has been available till recently. As a rule, the distribution of the concentrations of elements over the vertical profile of the stratigraphic column is used to study the evolution of pollutants in the environment. Using neutron activation analysis the concentrations of nearly 33 elements in 23 layers of peat deposits were determined. The thickness of the deposit is 8.4 m. The results provide a possibility for studying the geochemical aspects of the peat bog genesis down to 10000 years ago.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 630090, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, SB, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
Joint Inst Nucl Res, Frank Lab Neutron Phys, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Efremova, T.T.; Efremov, S.P.; Koutzenogii, K.P.; Peresedov, V.F.

[Text] / E. A. Vaganov [et al.] // Oecologia. - 2009. - Vol. 161, Is. 4. - P729-745, DOI 10.1007/s00442-009-1421-y. - Cited References: 72. - This work was supported by Alexander von Humboldt (Research Award 2003 for E. Vaganov) and the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (RFBR-05-04-48069). We thank Alessandro Cescatti, Leonardo Montagnani, Stefano Minerbi and Claudio Mutinelli for providing the climate and nitrogen data for Renon, Sune Linder for dendrometer data, and Anders Lindroth for eddy flux data of the Flakaliden site. We thank Gerd Gleixner for discussion of this manuscript. We also like to thank Annett Boerner for the artwork and Jens Schumacher for advice on statistical analyses. . - 17. - ISSN 0029-8549РУБ Ecology

Аннотация: Tree-ring width, wood density, anatomical structure and C-13/C-12 ratios expressed as delta C-13-values of whole wood of Picea abies were investigated for trees growing in closed canopy forest stands. Samples were collected from the alpine Renon site in North Italy, the lowland Hainich site in Central Germany and the boreal Flakaliden site in North Sweden. In addition, Pinus cembra was studied at the alpine site and Pinus sylvestris at the boreal site. The density profiles of tree rings were measured using the DENDRO-2003 densitometer, delta C-13 was measured using high-resolution laser-ablation-combustion-gas chromatography-infra-red mass spectrometry and anatomical characteristics of tree rings (tracheid diameter, cell-wall thickness, cell-wall area and cell-lumen area) were measured using an image analyzer. Based on long-term statistics, climatic variables, such as temperature, precipitation, solar radiation and vapor pressure deficit, explained < 20% of the variation in tree-ring width and wood density over consecutive years, while 29-58% of the variation in tree-ring width were explained by autocorrelation between tree rings. An intensive study of tree rings between 1999 and 2003 revealed that tree ring width and delta C-13-values of whole wood were significantly correlated with length of the growing season, net radiation and vapor pressure deficit. The delta C-13-values were not correlated with precipitation or temperature. A highly significant correlation was also found between delta C-13 of the early wood of one year and the late wood of the previous year, indicating a carry-over effect of the growing conditions of the previous season on current wood production. This latter effect may explain the high autocorrelation of long-term tree-ring statistics. The pattern, however, was complex, showing stepwise decreases as well as stepwise increases in the delta C-13 between late wood and early wood. The results are interpreted in the context of the biochemistry of wood formation and its linkage to storage products. It is clear that the relations between delta C-13 and tree-ring width and climate are multi-factorial in seasonal climates.

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Держатели документа:
[Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
Brand, Willi A.
Roscher, Christiane] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
[Vaganov, Eugene A.
Skomarkova, Marina V.] RAS, Inst Forest SB, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Knohl, Alexander] ETH, Dept Plant Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland

Доп.точки доступа:
Vaganov, E.A.; Schulze, E.D.; Skomarkova, M.V.; Knohl, A...; Brand, W.A.; Roscher, C...; Alexander von Humboldt; Russian Foundation of Basic Research [RFBR-05-04-48069]

[Text] / L. M. Parham [et al.] // Biogeochemistry. - 2013. - Vol. 116, Is. 01.03.2014. - P55-68, DOI 10.1007/s10533-013-9922-5. - Cited References: 33. - This work was supported by joint US-Russia program between the RFBR and CRDF through Grants 10-05-92513 and RUG1-2980-KR-10, ANR, GDRI "CAR WET SIB", Grants RFBR-CNRS 08-04-92495 and BIO-GEO-CLIM of MinObrNauki and BIO-GEO-CLIM of Russian Ministry of Science and Education (14.B25.31.0001). . - 14. - ISSN 0168-2563РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: Stream chemistry in permafrost regions is regulated by a variety of drivers that affect hydrologic flowpaths and watershed carbon and nutrient dynamics. Here we examine the extent to which seasonal dynamics of soil active layer thickness and wildfires regulate solute concentration in streams of the continuous permafrost region of the Central Siberian Plateau. Samples were collected from 2006 to 2012 during the frost-free season (May-September) from sixteen watersheds with fire histories ranging from 3 to 120 years. The influence of permafrost was evident through significantly higher dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in the spring, when only the organic soil horizon was accessible to runoff. As the active layer deepened through the growing season, water was routed deeper through the underlying mineral horizon where DOC underwent adsorption and concentrations decreased. In contrast, mean concentrations of major cations (Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+) were significantly higher in the summer, when contact with mineral horizons in the active zone provided a source of cations. Wildfire caused significantly lower concentrations of DOC in more recently burned watersheds, due to removal of a source of DOC through combustion of the organic layer. An opposite trend was observed for dissolved inorganic carbon and major cations in more recently burned watersheds. There was also indication of talik presence in three of the larger watersheds evidenced by Cl- concentrations that were ten times higher than those of other watersheds. Because climate change affects both fire recurrence intervals as well as rates of permafrost degradation, delineating their combined effects on solute concentration allows forecasting of the evolution of biogeochemical cycles in this region in the future.

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Держатели документа:
[Parham, Lucy M.
McDowell, William H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Coll Life Sci & Agr, Durham, NH 03824 USA
[Prokushkin, Anatoly S.
Titov, Sergey V.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, Oleg. S.] Univ Toulouse, CNRS IRD OMP, Geosci Environm Toulouse, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Grekova, Ekaterina] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
[Shirokova, Liudmila S.] UroRAS, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Parham, L.M.; Prokushkin, A.S.; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Titov, S.V.; Grekova, E...; Shirokova, L.S.; McDowell, W.H.; RFBR; CRDF [10-05-92513, RUG1-2980-KR-10]; ANR; GDRI "CAR WET SIB"; MinObrNauki [RFBR-CNRS 08-04-92495, BIO-GEO-CLIM]; BIO-GEO-CLIM of Russian Ministry of Science and Education [14.B25.31.0001]

/ S. G. Ovchinnikov [et al.] // JETP Letters. - 2012. - Vol. 96, Is. 2. - P129-132, DOI 10.1134/S002136401214010X . - ISSN 0021-3640
Аннотация: We predict the insulator-metal-insulator transitions for the temperature and pressure of the lower mantle with the metal layer thickness Δh ≈ 400 km at the depth of 1400-1800 km. The insulator-metal transition has the Mott-Hubbard origin, while the second transition from metal to insulator results from spin crossover of the Fe 2+ ions from high spin S = 2 to low spin S = 0 state. The conductivity in the metal layer may attain 250 S/m. The depth profile of the conductivity is also suggested. © 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russian Federation
Sukhachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation
Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum-Gas Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Ovchinnikov, S.G.; Ovchinnikova, T.M.; Dyad'kov, P.G.; Plotkin, V.V.; Litasov, K.D.

/ L. V. Karpenko // Geography and Natural Resources. - 2009. - Vol. 30, Is. 1. - P54-59, DOI 10.1016/j.gnr.2009.03.011 . - ISSN 1875-3728
Аннотация: Presented are the results from field surveys of the bogs in the area of the projected Boguchanskoye reservoir. The study revealed their main types and provides a brief geobotanical description of the vegetation as well as the data on the waterlogging of the bogs, the thickness of peat beds, and granulometric composition of underlying materials. A classification of the kinds of peat is compiled. В© 2009.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Karpenko, L.V.

/ A. S. Prokushkin, G. Guggenberger // Russian Meteorology and Hydrology. - 2007. - Vol. 32, Is. 6. - P404-412, DOI 10.3103/S1068373907060088 . - ISSN 1068-3739
Аннотация: With reference to 2001-2005, the fluxes of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are analyzed in a water stream of the northern taiga subzone of continuous permafrost. Dynamics of hydroclimatic parameters is shown during a frost-free period. It is found that, in spite of a potential decrease in the DOM concentrations with the increased thickness of a seasonally thawed layer, one observes their direct dependence on the precipitation amount and part that enters the water stream. Seasonal variations in the DOM qualitative composition are determined. The basic DOM part exported from the watershed is observed during the regimes of a maximum water content (spring flooding and floods). В© Allerton Press, Inc. 2007.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation
Institute fur Bodenkunde und Planzenernahrung, Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg, Weidenplan 14, 06108 Halle, Saale, Germany

Доп.точки доступа:
Prokushkin, A.S.; Guggenberger, G.

/ L. V. Mukhortova, I. N. Bezkorovainaya // Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. - 2006. - Vol. 11, Is. 1. - P191-202, DOI 10.1007/s11027-006-1020-8 . - ISSN 1381-2386
Аннотация: The evaluation of biospheric role of the boreal forests in the accumulation of carbon is connected with the evaluation of organic matter (OM) pool in soils. The research sites were larch forests, they are situated on Nizhne-Tungusskoe Plateau. Larch forests of feather-moss and lichen types (110 and 380 years old) were formed on 'ochric podbur' soils. Litter stocks are 3.5-4.5 kg m-2 with thickness 10-25 cm. Cryomezomorphic northern taiga soils contains 38-73 t (carbon) ha-1. Pool of fast mineralized OM has average value 38.1 t (carbon) ha-1, including 20.5 and 6.4 t (Carbon) ha-1 of labile compounds on surface and in the soil, and 11.2 t (carbon) ha-1 of mobile OM. Microbial mass reaches 1.78-3.47 t (carbon) ha-1, its proportion is 3.6-4.9% of the total OM carbon. Zoomass of feather-moss larch forest is 0.20-0.61 * 10-2, in lichen larch forest -0.01-0.07 * 10-2 t (carbon) ha -1. A pool of resistant to biological decomposition and bonded to mineral soil matrix OM is 17.7 t (carbon) ha-1 and it varies from 18.6 to 29.0 in feather-moss larch forest, and from 6.4 to 17.0 t (carbon) ha-1 in lichen larch forest. Two-years field experiment has been performed to determine transformation rates of various plant litter fractions and to clarify the role of soil biota in these processes. The results showed participation of all biota groups in the decomposition of plant residues caused weight loss of larch-needles and root mortmass. Isolation of organic matter from all-size invertebrate groups leads to some decrease of decomposition activity. В© Springer 2006.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Mukhortova, L.V.; Bezkorovainaya, I.N.

[Text] / O. V. Trefilova, I. D. Grodnitskaya, D. Y. Efimov // Eurasian Soil Sci. - 2013. - Vol. 46, Is. 12. - P1253-1262, DOI 10.1134/S106422931401013X. - Cited References: 34 . - 10. - ISSN 1064-2293РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: The dynamics have been studied of the ecological-functional parameters (EFP) of replantozems formed on the dumps of the Borodinskiy open-pit coal mine in the Kansk-Achinsk Coal Basin (55A degrees 52' N, 94A degrees 54' E) that were not involved into agricultural use during the first 30 years. The work was based on the integrated analysis of the agrochemical properties and the EFP, which characterized the state of the plant cover, the microbial cenoses, and the biochemical activity of the replantozems representing a chronological series (5, 20, and 30 years). Multicomponent plant communities were formed on the surface of the replantozems over the 30-year period. The filled horizon of the replantozems was slowly involved into the metabolic processes. The thickness of the biologically active layer did not exceed 10 cm. The microbial cenosis's functional activity was relatively stabilized, and the values of the microbial biomass and basal respiration approached the background ones only in the upper (0-5 cm) layer. The biochemical activity of the microorganisms agreed with the changes in the properties of the upper (0-10 cm) layer of the replantozems: the contents of the total nitrogen and humus increased, as well as the degree of the humic acids "maturity" and the concentration of the mobile phosphorus, while the alkalinity decreased.

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Держатели документа:
[Trefilova, O. V.
Grodnitskaya, I. D.
Efimov, D. Yu.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
ИЛ СО РАН

Доп.точки доступа:
Trefilova, O.V.; Grodnitskaya, I.D.; Efimov, D.Y.

/ F. Z. Glebov [et al.] // Russian Journal of Ecology. - 1997. - Vol. 28, Is. 6. - P367-370 . - ISSN 1067-4136
Аннотация: A peat profile, 5.5 m in depth, laid in a bog complex comprising frost mounds, bog hollows, and lakes was studied. This bog complex was located in one of the most swamped regions of the middle taiga of the West Siberian Plain. Botanical and spore-pollen analyses of the peat field were conducted. Across the thickness of the peat deposit, 17 points at 25-cm intervals were dated by the radiocarbon method. The dynamics of vegetation and climate during the past 9500 years were determined. It was revealed that, during this period, the rate of peat accumulation constantly tended to decrease, with some fluctuations. The results of mathematical and ecological simulation of this process predict that it will cease in another 1000 years. В© 1997 MAHK Hayka/Interperiodica Publishing.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forestry, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetnyi per. 29, Moscow, 109017, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Glebov, F.Z.; Karpenko, L.V.; Klimanov, V.A.; Mindeeva, T.N.