Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

[Text] / E. S. Kasischke [et al.] // Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle. - 2005. - Vol. 19, Is. 1. - Ст. GB1012, DOI 10.1029/2004GB002300. - Cited References: 80 . - 16. - ISSN 0886-6236РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: 1] There were large interannual variations in burned area in the boreal region ( ranging between 3.0 and 23.6 x 10 6 ha yr(-1)) for the period of 1992 and 1995-2003 which resulted in corresponding variations in total carbon and carbon monoxide emissions. We estimated a range of carbon emissions based on different assumptions on the depth of burning because of uncertainties associated with the burning of surface-layer organic matter commonly found in boreal forest and peatlands, and average total carbon emissions were 106-209 Tg yr(-1) and CO emissions were 330-77 Tg CO yr(-1). Burning of ground-layer organic matter contributed between 46 and 72% of all emissions in a given year. CO residuals calculated from surface mixing ratios in the high Northern Hemisphere ( HNH) region were correlated to seasonal boreal fire emissions in 8 out of 10 years. On an interannual basis, variations in area burned explained 49% of the variations in HNH CO, while variations in boreal fire emissions explained 85%, supporting the hypotheses that variations in fuels and fire severity are important in estimating emissions. Average annual HNH CO increased by an average of 7.1 ppb yr(-1) between 2000 and 2003 during a period when boreal fire emissions were 26 to 68 Tg CO(-1) higher than during the early to mid-1990s, indicating that recent increases in boreal fires are influencing atmospheric CO in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Держатели документа:
Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
Altarum, Ann Arbor, MI 48113 USA
NOAA, Climate Modeling & Diagnost Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA
Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kasischke, E.S.; Hyer, E.J.; Novelli, P.C.; Bruhwiler, L.P.; French, NHF; Sukhinin, A.I.; Hewson, J.H.; Stocks, B.J.

[Text] / O. V. Menyailo [et al.] // Biol. Fertil. Soils. - 2003. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - P1-9, DOI 10.1007/s00374-003-0631-4. - Cited References: 23 . - 9. - ISSN 0178-2762РУБ Soil Science

Аннотация: Little information is available about the factors controlling soil C and N transformations in natural tropical forests and tree-based cropping systems. The aim of this work was to study the effects of single trees on soil microbiological activities from plantations of timber and non-timber species as well as species of primary and secondary forests in the Central Amazon. Soil samples were taken in the primary forest under Oenocarpus bacaba and Eschweilera spp., in secondary regrowth with Vismia spp., under two non-timber tree species (Bixa orellana L. and Theobroma grandiflorum Willd.), and two species planted for wood production (Carapa guianensis Aubl. and Ceiba pentandra). In these soils, net N mineralization, net nitrification, denitrification potential, basal and substrate-induced respiration rates were studied under standardized soil moisture and temperature conditions. Individual tree species more strongly affected N transformations, particularly net nitrification, than C respiration. Our results suggest that soil C respiration can be affected by tree species if inorganic N becomes a limiting factor. We found a strong correlation among almost all microbiological processes suggesting close inter-relationship between C and N transformations in the studied soils. Correlation analysis between soil chemical properties and microbiological activities suggest that such strong inter-relationships are likely due to competition between the denitrifying and C-mineralizing communities for NO3-, which might be an important N source for the microbial population in the studied soils.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forest, Siberain Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Bayreuth, Inst Soil Sci & Soil Geog, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany
EMBRAPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

Доп.точки доступа:
Menyailo, O.V.; Lehmann, J...; Cravo, M.D.; Zech, W...