Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ L. . Hellmann [et al.] // J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. - 2013. - Vol. 118, Is. 1. - P68-76, DOI 10.1002/jgrg.20022. - Cited References: 76. - B. Sittler, B. Frauenberger, C. Lachenmeier, I. Pike, A. Verstege, D. Nievergelt, H. Linderson, and B. Held contributed to field and laboratory work. A. Bast and C. Ginzler provided insight on various mapping techniques. G. King and two anonymous reviewers commented on earlier manuscript versions. This work is supported by the Eva Mayr-Stihl Foundation. . - 9. - ISSN 0148-0227РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: Arctic environments, where surface temperatures increase and sea ice cover and permafrost depth decrease, are very sensitive to even slight climatic variations. Placing recent environmental change of the high-northern latitudes in a long-term context is, however, complicated by too short meteorological observations and too few proxy records. Driftwood may represent a unique cross-disciplinary archive at the interface of marine and terrestrial processes. Here, we introduce 1445 driftwood remains from coastal East Greenland and Svalbard. Macroscopy and microscopy were applied for wood anatomical classification; a multi-species subset was used for detecting fungi; and information on boreal vegetation patterns, circumpolar river systems, and ocean current dynamics was reviewed and evaluated. Four conifer (Pinus, Larix, Picea, and Abies) and three deciduous (Populus, Salix, and Betula) genera were differentiated. Species-specific identification also separated Pinus sylvestris and Pinus sibirica, which account for similar to 40% of all driftwood and predominantly originate from western and central Siberia. Larch and spruce from Siberia or North America represents similar to 26% and similar to 18% of all materials, respectively. Fungal colonization caused different levels of driftwood staining and/or decay. Our results demonstrate the importance of combining wood anatomical knowledge with insight on boreal forest composition for successfully tracing the origin of Arctic driftwood. To ultimately reconstruct spatiotemporal variations in ocean currents, and to better quantify postglacial uplift rates, we recommend consideration of dendrochronologically dated material from many more circumpolar sites. Citation: Hellmann, L., W. Tegel, O. Eggertsson, F. H. Schweingruber, R. Blanchette, A. Kirdyanov, H. Gartner, and U. Buntgen (2013), Tracing the origin of Arctic driftwood, J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci., 118, 68-76, doi:10.1002/jgrg.20022.

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[Hellmann, Lena
Schweingruber, Fritz Hans
Gaertner, Holger
Buentgen, Ulf] Swiss Fed Res Inst, WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
[Hellmann, Lena
Buentgen, Ulf] Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Bern, Switzerland
[Tegel, Willy] Univ Freiburg, Inst Forest Growth IWW, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany
[Eggertsson, Olafur] Iceland Forest Serv, Reykjavik, Iceland
[Blanchette, Robert] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN USA
[Kirdyanov, Alexander] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

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Hellmann, L...; Tegel, W...; Eggertsson, O...; Schweingruber, F.H.; Blanchette, R...; Kirdyanov, A...; Gartner, H...; Buntgen, U...

/ V. I. Kharuk, M. L. Dvinskaya, K. J. Ranson // Int. J. Wildland Fire. - 2013. - Vol. 22, Is. 2. - P207-211, DOI 10.1071/WF11181. - Cited References: 28. - This research was supported by the SB RAS Program Number 27.33, and NASA Science Mission Directorate, Terrestrial Ecology Program. The authors thank Dr Joanne Howl for editing the manuscript. . - 5. - ISSN 1049-8001РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: A fire history of northern larch forests was studied. These larch forests are found near the northern limit of their range at similar to 71 degrees N, where fires are predominantly caused by lightning strikes rather than human activity. Fire-return intervals (FRIs) were calculated based on fire scars and dates of tree natality. Tree natality was used as an approximation of the date of the last fire. The average FRI was found to be 295 +/- 57 years, which is the longest reported for larch-dominated stands. Prior studies reported 80-90-year FRIs at 64 degrees N and similar to 200 years near the latitude of the Arctic Circle. Comparing data from fires that occurred in 1700-1849 (end of the Little Ice Age, LIA) and 1850-1999 (post-LIA warming) indicates approximately twice as many fires occurred during the latter period. This agrees with the hypothesis that observed climatic warming will result in an increase in fire frequency. Our results also indicate that fires that did not leave visible fire scars on the tree stem may be identified based on the date of growth release revealed from dendrochronology.

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Держатели документа:
[Kharuk, Vyacheslav I.
Dvinskaya, Mariya L.] Siberian Fed Univ, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Ranson, K. Jon] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, V.I.; Dvinskaya, M.L.; Ranson, K.J.

/ A. J. Dolman [et al.] // Biogeosciences. - 2012. - Vol. 9, Is. 12. - P5323-5340, DOI 10.5194/bg-9-5323-2012. - Cited References: 90. - The authors would like to acknowledge the inspiration of the Global Carbon Project's RECCAP team that laid the basis for the present work. A. J. D. and T. C. acknowledge partial support from the EU FP7 Coordination Action on Carbon Observing System (COCOS, grant agreement no. 212196 and the Operational Global Carbon Observing System (GEOCARBON, grant agreement no: 283080). A. S. and D. S. acknowledge support from European Union Grants FP7-212535 (Project CC-TAME), FP7-244122 (GHG-Europe), FP7-283080 (GEO-Carbon) and by the Global Environmental Forum, Japan (Project GEF-2).E.-D. S., N. T. and A. J. D. acknowledge support from the Russian "Megagrant" 11.G34.31.0014 from 30 November 2010 to E.-D. Schulze by the Russian Federation and the Siberian Federal University to support research projects by leading scientists at Russian Institutions of higher education. . - 18. - ISSN 1726-4170РУБ Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: We determine the net land to atmosphere flux of carbon in Russia, including Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan, using inventory-based, eddy covariance, and inversion methods. Our high boundary estimate is -342 TgC yr(-1) from the eddy covariance method, and this is close to the upper bounds of the inventory-based Land Ecosystem Assessment and inverse models estimates. A lower boundary estimate is provided at -1350 TgC yr(-1) from the inversion models. The average of the three methods is -613.5 TgC yr(-1). The methane emission is estimated separately at 41.4 Tg C yr(-1). These three methods agree well within their respective error bounds. There is thus good consistency between bottom-up and top-down methods. The forests of Russia primarily cause the net atmosphere to land flux (-692 TgC yr(-1) from the LEA. It remains however remarkable that the three methods provide such close estimates (-615, -662, -554 TgC yr(-1)) for net biome production (NBP), given the inherent uncertainties in all of the approaches. The lack of recent forest inventories, the few eddy covariance sites and associated uncertainty with upscaling and undersampling of concentrations for the inversions are among the prime causes of the uncertainty. The dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) suggest a much lower uptake at -91 TgC yr(-1), and we argue that this is caused by a high estimate of heterotrophic respiration compared to other methods.

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Держатели документа:
[Dolman, A. J.
Chen, T.
van der Molen, M. K.
Marchesini, L. Belelli] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Earth Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
[Shvidenko, A.
Schepaschenko, D.] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
[Ciais, P.] CEA CNRS UVSQ, IPSL LSCE, Ctr Etud Orme Merisiers, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[Tchebakova, N.] SB RAS, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Tchebakova, N.] SIF SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Tchebakova, N.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[van der Molen, M. K.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Meteorol & Air Qual, Wageningen, Netherlands
[Maximov, T. C.] RAS, Inst Biol Problems Cryolithozone, Siberian Branch, Yakutsk, Russia
[Maksyutov, S.] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Ctr Global Environm Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan
[Schulze, E. -D.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Jena, Germany

Доп.точки доступа:
Dolman, A.J.; Shvidenko, A...; Schepaschenko, D...; Ciais, P...; Tchebakova, N...; Chen, T...; van der Molen, M.K.; Marchesini, L.B.; Maximov, T.C.; Maksyutov, S...; Schulze, E.D.

[Text] / A. S. Prokushkin [et al.] // Environ. Res. Lett. - 2011. - Vol. 6, Is. 4. - Ст. 45212, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045212. - Cited References: 63. - This work was supported by the joint US-Russia program between the RFBR and CRDF through grants 10-05-92513 and RUG1-2980-KR-10. Additional support was provided by joint Russian-French Programmes EC2CO, Environement Cotier PNEC and GDRI CAR-WET-SIB, ANR 'Arctic metals' and grant 11.G34.31.0014 of Russian Ministry of higher education and science. We greatly thank Sergey Tenishev for assistance with sample collection during harsh winter and spring periods, and Vladimir Ivanov who provided invaluable daily discharge data for the Nizhnyaya Tunguska and Tembenchi Rivers. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their fruitful and constructive comments that allowed improving greatly the quality of presentation. . - 14. - ISSN 1748-9326РУБ Environmental Sciences + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: Frequent measurements of dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic (DIC) carbon concentrations in rivers during snowmelt, the entire ice-free season, and winter were made in five large watersheds (15 000-174 000 km(2)) of the Central Siberian Plateau (Yenisey River basin). These differ in the degree of continuous permafrost coverage, mean annual air temperature, and the proportion of tundra and forest vegetation. With an annual DOC export from the catchment areas of 2.8-4.7 gC m(-2) as compared to an annual DIC export of 1.0-2.8 gC m(-2), DOC was the dominant component of terrigenous C released to rivers. There was strong temporal variation in the discharge of DOC and DIC. Like for other rivers of the pan-arctic and boreal zones, snowmelt dominated annual fluxes, being 55-71% for water runoff, 64-82% for DOC and 37-41% for DIC. Likewise, DOC and DIC exhibited also a strong spatial variation in C fluxes, with both dissolved C species decreasing from south to north. The rivers of the southern part of the plateau had the largest flow-weighted DOC concentrations among those previously reported for Siberian rivers, but the smallest flow-weighted DIC concentrations. In the study area, DOC and DIC fluxes were negatively correlated with the distribution of continuous permafrost and positively correlated with mean annual air temperature. A synthesis of literature data shows similar trends from west to east, with an eastward decrease of dissolved C concentrations and an increased proportion of DOC in the total dissolved C flux. It appears that there are two contemporary limitations for river export of terrigenous C across Siberia: (1) low productivity of ecosystems with respect to potentially mobilizable organic C, slow weathering rates with concomitant small formation of bicarbonate, and/or wildfire disturbance limit the pools of organic and inorganic C that can be mobilized for transport in rivers (source-limited), and (2) mobilization of available pools of C is constrained by low precipitation in the severe continental climate of interior Siberia (transport-limited). Climate warming may reduce the source limitation by enhancing primary production and weathering rates, while causes leading to surmounting the transport limitation remain debatable due to uncertainties in predictions of precipitation trends and other likely sources of reported increase of river discharges.

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Держатели документа:
[Prokushkin, A. S.
Korets, M. A.
Prokushkin, S. G.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, O. S.
Shirokova, L. S.
Viers, J.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, LMTG OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Amon, R. M. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77553 USA
[Guggenberger, G.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Bodenkunde, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
[McDowell, W. H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Prokushkin, A.S.; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Shirokova, L.S.; Korets, M.A.; Viers, J...; Prokushkin, S.G.; Amon, RMW; Guggenberger, G...; McDowell, W.H.

[Text] / D. . Sulla-Menashe [et al.] // Remote Sens. Environ. - 2011. - Vol. 115, Is. 2. - P392-403, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.09.010. - Cited References: 71. - The research was supported by NASA grant numbers NNG06GF54G and NNX08AE61A. An additional thanks goes to Dr. Bin Tan who was instrumental in implementing the MODIS classification algorithms, and to the rest of the NELDA team for helpful input and discussions. . - 12. - ISSN 0034-4257РУБ Environmental Sciences + Remote Sensing + Imaging Science & Photographic Technology

Аннотация: The Northern Eurasian land mass encompasses a diverse array of land cover types including tundra, boreal forest, wetlands, semi-arid steppe, and agricultural land use. Despite the well-established importance of Northern Eurasia in the global carbon and climate system, the distribution and properties of land cover in this region are not well characterized. To address this knowledge and data gap, a hierarchical mapping approach was developed that encompasses the study area for the Northern Eurasia Earth System Partnership Initiative (NEESPI). The Northern Eurasia Land Cover (NELC) database developed in this study follows the FAO-land Cover Classification System and provides nested groupings of land cover characteristics, with separate layers for land use, wetlands, and tundra. The database implementation is substantially different from other large-scale land cover datasets that provide maps based on a single set of discrete classes. By providing a database consisting of nested maps and complementary layers, the NELC database provides a flexible framework that allows users to tailor maps to suit their needs. The methods used to create the database combine empirically derived climate-vegetation relationships with results from supervised classifications based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. The hierarchical approach provides an effective framework for integrating climate-vegetation relationships with remote sensing-based classifications, and also allows sources of error to be characterized and attributed to specific levels in the hierarchy. The cross-validated accuracy was 73% for the land cover map and 73% and 91% for the agriculture and wetland classifications, respectively. These results support the use of hierarchical classification and climate-vegetation relationships for mapping land cover at continental scales. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
[Sulla-Menashe, Damien
Friedl, Mark A.
Woodcock, Curtis E.
Sibley, Adam] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA
[Krankina, Olga N.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[Baccini, Alessandro] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA
[Sun, Guoqing] NASA, GSFC, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20770 USA
[Kharuk, Viacheslav] Acad Gorodok Krasnoyarsk, Sukachev Forest Inst, Forest Ecol & Monitoring Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Elsakov, Vladimir] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biol, Komi Sci Ctr, Syktyvkar 167610, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Sulla-Menashe, D...; Friedl, M.A.; Krankina, O.N.; Baccini, A...; Woodcock, C.E.; Sibley, A...; Sun, G.Q.; Kharuk, V...; Elsakov, V...

[Text] / T. . Wallenius [et al.] // Int. J. Wildland Fire. - 2011. - Vol. 20, Is. 2. - P248-254, DOI 10.1071/WF10020. - Cited References: 43. - Aleksey Sadvordaev, Galina Zrazhevskaya, Toivo Haltia and Antti Lavikainen helped with the challenging arrangements and the field work. Oskar Ofluds Stiftelse, Nordenskiolds Samfundet and Ulla Wallenius funded the expedition to central Siberia. The Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation (grant number 2003064), Emil Aaltonen Foundation and Finnish Academy (grant number 121919) financed this long-duration study from field work to publication. . - 7. - ISSN 1049-8001РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: To study the poorly known fire history of Larix-dominated forest in central Siberia, we collected samples from 200 trees in 46 systematically located study plots. Our study area stretches similar to 90 km from north to south along the River Nizhnyaya Tunguska in northern Irkustk district. Cross-dated tree-ring chronology for all samples combined extended from the year 1360 AD to the present and included 76 fire years and 88 separate fire events. Average fire cycle gradually lengthened from 52 years in the 18th century to 164 years in the 20th century. During the same time, the number of recorded fires decreased even more steeply, i.e. by more than 85%. Fires were more numerous but smaller in the past. Contrary to expectations, climate change in the 20th century has not resulted in increased forest fires in this region. Fire suppression may have contributed to the scarcity of fires since the 1950s. However, a significant decline in fires was evident earlier; therefore an additional explanation is required, a reduction in human-caused ignitions being likely in the light of historical accounts.

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Держатели документа:
[Wallenius, Tuomo
Heikkinen, Juha] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Vantaa Res Unit, FI-01301 Vantaa, Finland
[Larjavaara, Markku] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama
[Shibistova, Olga] SB RAS, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

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Wallenius, T...; Larjavaara, M...; Heikkinen, J...; Shibistova, O...

[Text] / V. I. Kharuk [et al.] // Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. - 2010. - Vol. 19, Is. 6. - P822-830, DOI 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00555.x. - Cited References: 33. - This research was supported by the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Terrestrial Ecology Program, the Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Science Program no. 23.3.33, and grant no. MK-2497.2009.5. Thanks to Joanne Howl for edits of the manuscript. . - 9. - ISSN 1466-822XРУБ Ecology + Geography, Physical

Аннотация: Aim To evaluate the hypothesis that topographic features of high-elevation mountain environments govern spatial distribution and climate-driven dynamics of the forest. Location Upper mountain forest stands (elevation range 1800-2600 m) in the mountains of southern Siberia. Methods Archive maps, satellite and on-ground data from1960 to 2002 were used. Data were normalized to avoid bias caused by uneven distribution of topographic features (elevation, azimuth and slope steepness) within the analysed area. Spatial distribution of forest stands was analysed with respect to topography based on a digital elevation model (DEM). Results Spatial patterns in mountain forests are anisotropic with respect to azimuth, slope steepness and elevation. At a given elevation, the majority of forests occupied slopes with greater than mean slope values. As the elevation increased, forests shifted to steeper slopes. The orientation of forest azimuth distribution changed clockwise with increase in elevation (the total shift was 120 degrees), indicating a combined effect of wind and water stress on the observed forest patterns. Warming caused changes in the forest distribution patterns during the last four decades. The area of closed forests increased 1.5 times, which was attributed to increased stand density and tree migration. The migration rate was 1.5 +/- 0.9 m year-1, causing a mean forest line shift of 63 +/- 37 m. Along with upward migration, downward tree migration onto hill slopes was observed. Changes in tree morphology were also noted as widespread transformation of the prostrate forms of Siberian pine and larch into erect forms. Main conclusions The spatial pattern of upper mountain forests as well as the response of forests to warming strongly depends on topographic relief features (elevation, azimuth and slope steepness). With elevation increase (and thus a harsher environment) forests shifted to steep wind-protected slopes. A considerable increase in the stand area and increased elevation of the upper forest line was observed coincident with the climate warming that was observed. Warming promotes migration of trees to areas that are less protected from winter desiccation and snow abrasion (i.e. areas with lower values of slope steepness). Climate-induced forest response has significantly modified the spatial patterns of high-elevation forests in southern Siberia during the last four decades, as well as tree morphology.

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Держатели документа:
[Kharuk, Vyacheslav I.
Im, Sergey T.] Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Ranson, Kenneth J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[Vdovin, Alexander S.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Kharuk, V.I.; Ranson, K.J.; Im, S.T.; Vdovin, A.S.

[Text] / I. M. Danilin, T. R. Crow ; ed. R Lafortezza [et al.] // PATTERNS AND PROCESSES IN FOREST LANDSCAPES: MULTIPLE USE AND SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT : SPRINGER, 2008. - IUFRO Landscape Ecology Workshop (SEP, 2006, Locorotondo, ITALY). - P47-66, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8504-8_4. - Cited References: 18 . - 20. - ISBN 978-1-4020-8503-1РУБ Ecology + Forestry

Аннотация: The vastness or scale of the Siberian forest presents both an opportunity and a challenge. It is a major source of softwood fiber in a world in which softwood fiber is in great demand. Its vastness and isolation from markets make it more difficult to regulate harvesting and to get both raw material and processed wood to consumers. Both natural and anthropogenic disturbances (e.g., fire, climate change) greatly alter forest landscapes and complicate the management of the resource for sustainability. We characterize the current condition of the Siberian forest in Russia and recommend future directions for this globally-important resource. The future is promising because Siberia has a relatively well-developed forest infrastructure, along with highly-trained scientists, an existing structure of forest enterprises, and some protective and regulatory measures that serve as a basis for developing and sustaining the resource. However, investments directed at modernization, especially technological, are needed to enhance the country's capacity to promote sustainable development in the forestry sector.

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[Danilin, Igor M.] Russian Acad Sci, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

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Danilin, I.M.; Crow, T.R.; Lafortezza, R \ed.\; Chen, J \ed.\; Sanesi, G \ed.\; Sane, , G \ed.\

[Text] / L. B. Marchesini [et al.] // Biogeosciences. - 2007. - Vol. 4, Is. 4. - P581-595. - Cited References: 64 . - 15. - ISSN 1726-4170РУБ Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: Steppe ecosystems represent an interesting case in which the assessment of carbon balance may be performed through a cross validation of the eddy covariance measurements against ecological inventory estimates of carbon exchanges (Ehman et al., 2002; Curtis et al., 2002). Indeed, the widespread presence of ideal conditions for the applicability of the eddy covariance technique, as vast and homogeneous grass vegetation cover over flat terrains (Baldocchi, 2003), make steppes a suitable ground to ensure a constrain to flux estimates with independent methodological approaches. We report about the analysis of the carbon cycle of a true steppe ecosystem in southern Siberia during the growing season of 2004 in the framework of the TCOS-Siberia project activities performed by continuous monitoring of CO2 fluxes at ecosystem scale by the eddy covariance method, fortnightly samplings of phytomass, and ingrowth cores extractions for NPP assessment, and weekly measurements of heterotrophic component of soil CO2 effluxes obtained by an experiment of root exclusion. The carbon balance of the monitored natural steppe was, according to micrometeorological measurements, a sink of carbon of 151.7 +/- 36.9 g Cm-2, cumulated during the growing season from May to September. This result was in agreement with the independent estimate through ecological inventory which yielded a sink of 150.1 g Cm-2 although this method was characterized by a large uncertainty (+/- 130%) considering the 95% confidence interval of the estimate. Uncertainties in belowground process estimates account for a large part of the error. Thus, in particular efforts to better quantify the dynamics of root biomass (growth and turnover) have to be undertaken in order to reduce the uncertainties in the assessment of NPP. This assessment should be preferably based on the application of multiple methods, each one characterized by its own merits and flaws.

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Держатели документа:
Univ Tuscia, Dept Forest Resources & Environm, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany
RAS, SB, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Marchesini, L.B.; Papale, D...; Reichstein, M...; Vuichard, N...; Tchebakova, N...; Valentini, R...

[Text] / H. . Balzter [et al.] // Geophys. Res. Lett. - 2005. - Vol. 32, Is. 14. - Ст. L14709, DOI 10.1029/2005GL022526. - Cited References: 20 . - 4. - ISSN 0094-8276РУБ Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: Russia's forests play an important role in the global carbon cycle. Because of their scale and interannual variability, forest fires can change the direction of the net carbon flux over Eurasia. 2002 and 2003 were the first two consecutive years in the atmospheric record in which the carbon content rose by more than 2 ppm per year. Northern Hemisphere fires could be the reason. We show that 2002 and 2003 were the two years with the largest fire extent in Central Siberia since 1996 using new measurements of burned forest area in Central Siberia derived from remote sensing. To quantify the relationship between Siberian forest fires and climate variability, we compare these measurements with time-series of large-scale climatic indices for the period 1992-2003. This paper is amongst the first studies that analyse statistical relationships between interannual variability of forest fires in Russia and climate indices. Significant relationships of annual burned forest area with the Arctic Oscillation, summer temperatures, precipitation, and the El Nino index NINO4 were found (p0.1). In contrast, we find no significant relation with the El Nino indices NINO1, NINO3 or SOI (p0.1). Interannual forest fire variability in Central Siberia could best be explained by a combination of the Arctic Oscillation index and regional summer temperatures (r(2)=0.80).

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Держатели документа:
Ctr Ecol & Hydrol Monks Wood, Climate & Land Surface Syst Interact Ctr, Huntingdon PE28 2LS, Cambs, England
Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Jena, Inst Geog, D-07743 Jena, Germany

Доп.точки доступа:
Balzter, H...; Gerard, F.F.; George, C.T.; Rowland, C.S.; Jupp, T.E.; McCallum, I...; Shvidenko, A...; Nilsson, S...; Sukhinin, A...; Onuchin, A...; Schmullius, C...

[Text] / A. J. Soja [et al.] // J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. - 2004. - Vol. 109, Is. D14. - Ст. D14S06, DOI 10.1029/2004JD004570. - Cited References: 126 . - 25. - ISSN 2169-897XРУБ Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: [ 1] In the biomass, soils, and peatlands of Siberia, boreal Russia holds one of the largest pools of terrestrial carbon. Because Siberia is located where some of the largest temperature increases are expected to occur under current climate change scenarios, stored carbon has the potential to be released with associated changes in fire regimes. Our concentration is on estimating a wide range of current and potential emissions from Siberia on the basis of three modeled scenarios. An area burned product of Siberia is introduced, which spans from 1998 through 2002. Emissions models are spatially explicit; therefore area burned is extracted from associated ecoregions for each year. Carbon consumption estimates are presented for 23 unique ecoregions across Siberia, which range from 3.4 to 75.4 t C ha(-1) for three classes of severity. Total direct carbon emissions range from the traditional scenario estimate of 116 Tg C in 1999 (6.9 M ha burned) to the extreme scenario estimate of 520 Tg C in 2002 (11.2 M ha burned), which are equivalent to 5 and 20%, respectively, of total global carbon emissions from forest and grassland burning. Our results suggest that disparities in the amount of carbon stored in unique ecosystems and the severity of fire events can affect total direct carbon emissions by as much as 50%. Additionally, in extreme fire years, total direct carbon emissions can be 37 - 41% greater than in normal fire years, owing to increased soil organic matter consumption. Mean standard scenario estimates of CO2 ( 555 - 1031 Tg), CO ( 43 - 80 Tg), CH4 (2.4 - 4.5 Tg), TNMHC (2.2 - 4.1 Tg), and carbonaceous aerosols (4.6 - 8.6 Tg) represent 10, 15, 19, 12 and 26%, respectively, of the global estimates from forest and grassland burning. Accounting for smoldering combustion in soils and peatlands results in increases in CO, CH4, and TNMHC and decreases in CO2 emitted from fire events.

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Держатели документа:
Terra Syst Res Inc, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA
US Forest Serv, USDA, Arlington, VA 22209 USA
Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Soja, A.J.; Cofer, W.R.; Shugart, H.H.; Sukhinin, A.I.; Stackhouse, P.W.; McRae, D.J.; Conard, S.G.

[Text] / A. J. Soja [et al.] // Int. J. Remote Sens. - 2004. - Vol. 25, Is. 10. - P1939-1960, DOI 10.1080/01431160310001609725. - Cited References: 70 . - 22. - ISSN 0143-1161РУБ Remote Sensing + Imaging Science & Photographic Technology

Аннотация: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data are used to produce an active-fire detection product for the fire season in 1999 and 2000 and an area burned product for 1996-2000. The distribution of fire is presented ranging from the Urals in the west to the eastern coast and from the semi-dry steppe regions in the south through the taiga in the north. A temporal and spatial pattern of fire is observed migrating from north of 40degrees N latitude in April to north of 60degrees N by mid-July. Fire is widespread in August, spanning the entire geographic range. In contrast to these patterns, no similar east-west migrations are discernible from these data. Peak active-fire counts are detected in early May between 50 and 55degrees N latitude in both 1999 and 2000. Wildfire in Russia is highly variable, both annually and interannually, with differences in reported area burned ranging from 0.234 to 13.3 million hectares per year. Comparing Russian fire statistics to satellite-based data from this investigation and previous works, we find area burned in Russia may be commonly underestimated by an average of 213%. Underestimates of this magnitude could strongly affect emissions estimates and climate change research.

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Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Terra Syst Res, Williamsburg, VA 23185 USA
NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Soja, A.J.; Sukhinin, A.I.; Cahoon, D.R.; Shugart, H.H.; Stackhouse, P.W.

[Text] / V. V. Shishov [et al.] // Dokl. Earth Sci. - 2002. - Vol. 387A, Is. 9. - P1088-1091. - Cited References: 11 . - 4. - ISSN 1028-334XРУБ Geosciences, Multidisciplinary


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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Sukachev Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Shishov, V.V.; Vaganov, E.A.; Hughes, M.K.; Koretz, M.A.

[Text] / A. . Arneth [et al.] // Biogeosciences. - 2006. - Vol. 3, Is. 4. - P421-437. - Cited References: 67 . - 17. - ISSN 1726-4170РУБ Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: We compare assimilation and respiration rates, and water use strategies in four divergent ecosystems located in cold-continental central Siberia and in semi-arid southern Africa. These seemingly unrelated systems have in common a harsh and highly seasonal environment with a very sharp transition between the dormant and the active season, with vegetation facing dry air and soil conditions for at least part of the year. Moreover, the northern high latitudes and the semi-arid tropics will likely experience changes in key environmental parameters (e.g., air temperature and precipitation) in the future; indeed, in some regions marked climate trends have already been observed over the last decade or so. The magnitude of instantaneous or daily assimilation and respiration rates, derived from one to two years of eddy covariance measurements in each of the four ecosystems, was not related to the growth environment. For instance, respiration rates were clearly highest in the two deciduous systems included in the analysis (a Mopane woodland In northern Botswana and a Downy birch forest in Siberia; 300mmol m(-2) d(-1)), while assimilation rates in the Mopane woodland were relatively similar to a Siberian Scots pine canopy for a large part of the active season (ca. 420 mmol m(-2) d(-1)). Acknowledging the limited number of ecosystems compared here, these data nevertheless demonstrate that factors like vegetation type, canopy phenology or ecosystem age can override larger-scale climate differences in terms of their effects on carbon assimilation and respiration rates. By far the highest rates of assimilation were observed in Downy birch, an early successional species. These were achieved at a rather conservative water use, as indicated by relatively low levels of lambda the marginal water cost of plant carbon gain. Surprisingly, the Mopane woodland growing in the semi-arid environment had significantly higher values of lambda However, its water use strategy included a very plastic response to intermittently dry periods, and values of lambda were much more conservative overall during a rainy season with low precipitation and high air saturation deficits. Our comparison demonstrates that forest ecosystems can respond very dynamically in terms of water use strategy, both on interannual and much shorter time scales. But it remains to be evaluated whether and in which ecosystems this plasticity is mainly due to a short-term stomatal response, or alternatively goes hand in hand with changes in canopy photosynthetic capacity.

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Держатели документа:
Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Anal, S-22363 Lund, Sweden
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Nat Conservat & Plant Ecol Grp, Wageningen, Netherlands
Univ Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
Int Inst Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, Enschede, Netherlands
VN Sukachev Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Arneth, A...; Veenendaal, E.M.; Best, C...; Timmermans, W...; Kolle, O...; Montagnani, L...; Shibistova, O...

[Text] / CSR Neigh [et al.] // Remote Sens. Environ. - 2013. - Vol. 137. - P274-287, DOI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.06.019. - Cited References: 75. - This study was made possible by NASA's Terrestrial Ecology program under grants NNH08ZDA001N-TE and NNH06ZDA001N-CARBON. We also acknowledge the NSERC Discovery Grant to Hank Margolis for contributing partial support for the airborne data collection in Canada. We would like to thank three anonymous reviewers who improved the quality and content of this manuscript. We would also like to thank Sergi Im, Mukhtar Naurzbaev, Pasha Oskorbin, and Marsha Dvinskaya of the Sukachev Institute of Forest and Bruce Cook from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center for help in collecting field measurements in Siberia. . - 14. - ISSN 0034-4257РУБ Environmental Sciences + Remote Sensing + Imaging Science & Photographic Technology

Аннотация: The boreal forest accounts for one-third of global forests, but remains largely inaccessible to ground-based measurements and monitoring. It contains large quantities of carbon in its vegetation and soils, and research suggests that it will be subject to increasingly severe climate-driven disturbance. We employ a suite of ground-, airborne- and space-based measurement techniques to derive the first satellite LiDAR-based estimates of aboveground carbon for the entire circumboreal forest biome. Incorporating these inventory techniques with uncertainty analysis, we estimate total aboveground carbon of 38 +/- 3.1 Pg. This boreal forest carbon is mostly concentrated from 50 to 55 degrees N in eastern Canada and from 55 to 60 degrees N in eastern Eurasia. Both of these regions are expected to warm >3 degrees C by 2100, and monitoring the effects of warming on these stocks is important to understanding its future carbon balance. Our maps establish a baseline for future quantification of circumboreal carbon and the described technique should provide a robust method for future monitoring of the spatial and temporal changes of the aboveground carbon content. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Держатели документа:
[Neigh, Christopher S. R.
Nelson, Ross F.
Ranson, K. Jon
Montesano, Paul M.
Sun, Guoqing] NASA, Biospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
[Margolis, Hank A.] Univ Laval, Ctr Etud Foret, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada
[Montesano, Paul M.] Sigma Space Corp, Lanham, MD 20705 USA
[Montesano, Paul M.
Sun, Guoqing] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[Kharuk, Viacheslav] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Naesset, Erik] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Nat Resource Management, NO-1432 As, Norway
[Wulder, Michael A.] Nat Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V82Z 1M5, Canada
[Andersen, Hans-Erik] Univ Washington, US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Neigh, CSR; Nelson, R.F.; Ranson, K.J.; Margolis, H.A.; Montesano, P.M.; Sun, G.Q.; Kharuk, V...; Naesset, E...; Wulder, M.A.; Andersen, H.E.; NASA [NNH08ZDA001N-TE, NNH06ZDA001N-CARBON]; NSERC Discovery Grant

[Text] / J. . Viers [et al.] // Biogeochemistry. - 2013. - Vol. 113, Is. 01.03.2013. - P435-449, DOI 10.1007/s10533-012-9770-8. - Cited References: 72. - We would like to thank the Ministere de l'Educational Nationale et de la Recherche, le Ministere des Affaires Etrabngers et l'INSU/CNRS (through the EC2CO program) of France for supporting this work. . - 15. - ISSN 0168-2563РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: We measured the seasonal dynamics of major and trace elements concentrations in foliage of larch, main conifer species of Siberia, and we analyzed cryogenic soils collected in typical permafrost-dominated habitats in the Central Siberia. This region offers a unique opportunity to study element fractionation between the soil and the plant because of (i) the homogeneous geological substratum, (ii) the monospecific stands (Larix gmelinii) and (iii) the contrasted habitats (North-facing slope, South-facing slope, and Sphagnum peatbog) in terms of soil temperature, moisture, thickness of the active layer, tree biomass and rooting depth. The variation of these parameters from one habitat to the other allowed us to test the effects of these parameters on the element concentration in larch foliage considered with high seasonal resolution. Statistical treatment of data on larch needles collected 4 times in 3 locations during entire growing season (June-September) demonstrated that : (1) there is a high similarity of foliar chemical composition of larch trees in various habitats suggesting intrinsically similar requirements of larch tree growth for nutrients, (2) the variation of elemental concentrations in larch needles is controlled by the period (within the growing season) and not by the geographical location (South-facing slope, North-facing slope or bog zone) and (3) there are three groups of elements according to their patterns of elements concentration in needles over the growing season from June to September can be identified: (1): nutrient elements [P, Cu, Rb, K, B, Na, Zn, Ni and Cd] showing a decrease of concentration from June to September similar to the behaviour of major nutrients such as N, P and K; (2): accumulating elements [Ca, Mg, Mo, Co, Sr, Mn, Pb and Cr] showing an increase of concentration from June-July to September; (3): indifferent elements [Al, Zr, Fe, Ba, Ti, REEs (Pr, Nd, Ce, La, Gd, Er, Dy, Tb, Lu, Yb, Tm, Sm, Ho, Eu), Y, Th and U] showing a decrease of concentration from June to July and then an increase of concentration to September. A number of micronutrients (e.g., Cu, Zn) demonstrate significant resorption at the end of growing season suggesting possible limitation by these elements. Although the intrinsic requirement seems to be similar among habitats, the total amount of element stored within the different habitats is drastically different due to the differences in standing tree biomass. The partitioning coefficients between soil and larch appear to be among the lowest compared to other environments with variable plants, soils and climates. Applying the "space for time" substitution scenario, it follows that under ongoing climate warming there will be an increase of the element stock following enhanced above-ground biomass accumulation, even considering zero modification of element ratios and their relative mobility. In this sense, the habitats like south-facing slopes can serve as resultant of climate warming effect on element cycling in larch ecosystems for the larger territory of Central Siberia.

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Держатели документа:
[Viers, J.
Pokrovsky, O. S.
Auda, Y.
Beaulieu, E.
Zouiten, C.
Oliva, P.
Dupre, B.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, GET OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Prokushkin, A. S.
Kirdyanov, A. V.] Sukachev Inst Forestry SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, O. S.] UroRAS, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Viers, J.; Prokushkin, Anatoly S.; Прокушкин, Анатолий Станиславович; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Auda, Y.; Kirdyanov, Alexander V.; Кирдянов, Александр Викторович; Beaulieu, E.; Zouiten, C.; Oliva, P.; Dupre, B.; Ministere de l'Educational Nationale et de la Recherche; le Ministere des Affaires Etrabngers; l'INSU/CNRS of France

/ C. H. Cheng [et al.] // J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. - 2013. - Vol. 118, Is. 1. - P215-225, DOI 10.1002/jgrg.20019. - Cited References: 56. - This study was supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan and the cooperative grant from the National Science Council of Taiwan and the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Julie Major for her helpful comments and review. We also thank Yin-Ru Lin, Chih-Yu Hung, Da-Fun Lin, Chung-Yu Lee, and Chang-Ya Chen for their valuable assistance during field work. . - 11. - ISSN 2169-8953РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: Repeated fires might have different effect on ecosystem carbon storage than a single fire event, but information on repeated fires and their effects on forest ecosystems and carbon storage is scarce. However, changes in climate, vegetation composition, and human activities are expected to make forests more susceptible to fires that recur with relatively high frequency. In this study, the effects of repeated fires on ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks were examined along a fire-induced forest/grassland gradient wherein the fire events varied from an unburned forest to repeatedly burned grassland. Results from the study show repeated fires drastically decreased ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks along the forest/grassland gradient. The reduction began with the disappearance of living tree biomass, and followed by the loss of soil carbon and nitrogen. Within 4 years of the onset of repeated fires on the unburned forest, the original ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks were reduced by 42% and 21%, respectively. Subsequent fires caused cumulative reductions in ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks by 68% and 44% from the original ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks, respectively. The analyses of carbon budgets calculated by vegetation composition and stable isotopic delta C-13 values indicate that 84% of forest-derived carbon is lost at grassland, whereas the gain of grass-derived carbon only compensates 18% for this loss. Such significant losses in ecosystem carbon and nitrogen stocks suggest that the effects of repeated fires have substantial impacts on ecosystem and soil carbon and nitrogen cycling. Citation: Cheng, C.-H., Y.-S. Chen, Y.-H. Huang, Chiou C.-R., C.-C. Lin, and O. V. Menyailo (2013), Effects of repeated fires on ecosystem C and N stocks along a fire induced forest/grassland gradient, J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci., 118, 215-225, doi:10.1002/jgrg.20019

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Держатели документа:
[Cheng, Chih-Hsin
Chen, Yung-Sheng
Huang, Yu-Hsuan
Chiou, Chyi-Rong] Natl Taiwan Univ, Sch Forestry & Resource Conservat, Taipei 106, Taiwan
[Lin, Chau-Chih] Taiwan Forestry Res Inst, Div Forestry Protect, Taipei, Taiwan
[Menyailo, Oleg V.] Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Cheng, C.H.; Chen, Y.S.; Huang, Y.H.; Chiou, C.R.; Lin, C.C.; Menyailo, O.V.

[Text] / A. D. McGuire [et al.] // J. Veg. Sci. - 2002. - Vol. 13: IGBP Terrestrial Transects Workshop (JUL 12-16, 1999, DARWIN, AUSTRALIA), Is. 3. - P301-314, DOI 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02055.x. - Cited References: 69 . - 14. - ISSN 1100-9233РУБ Plant Sciences + Ecology + Forestry

Аннотация: The responses of high latitude ecosystems to global change involve complex interactions among environmental variables, vegetation distribution, carbon dynamics, and water and energy exchange. These responses may have important consequences for the earth system. In this study, we evaluated how vegetation distribution, carbon stocks and turnover, and water and energy exchange are related to environmental variation spanned by the network of the IGBP high latitude transects. While the most notable feature of the high latitude transects is that they generally span temperature gradients from southern to northern latitudes, there are substantial differences in temperature among the transects. Also, along each transect temperature co-varies with precipitation and photosynthetically active radiation, which are also variable among the transects. Both climate and disturbance interact to influence latitudinal patterns of vegetation and soil carbon storage among the transects, and vegetation distribution appears to interact with climate to determine exchanges of heat and moisture in high latitudes. Despite limitations imposed by the data we assembled, the analyses in this study have taken an important step toward clarifying the complexity of interactions among environmental variables, vegetation distribution, carbon stocks and turnover, and water and energy exchange in high latitude regions. This study reveals the need to conduct coordinated global change studies in high latitudes to further elucidate how interactions among climate, disturbance, and vegetation distribution influence carbon dynamics and water and energy exchange in high latitudes.

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Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07701 Jena, Germany
Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada
Monash Univ, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia
Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA
Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA
Far Eastern Forestry Res Inst, Khaborovsk 680030, Russia
Univ Bern, Inst Geog, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
Hokkaido Univ, Inst Low Temp, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, Madison, WI 53706 USA
Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst No Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Univ Durham, Environm Res Ctr, Durham DH1 3LE, England
Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA
Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Forestry, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
McGuire, A.D.; Wirth, C...; Apps, M...; Beringer, J...; Clein, J...; Epstein, H...; Kicklighter, D.W.; Bhatti, J...; Chapin, F.S.; de Groot, B...; Efremov, D...; Eugster, W...; Fukuda, M...; Gower, T...; Hinzman, L...; Huntley, B...; Jia, G.J.; Kasischke, E...; Melillo, J...; Romanovsky, V...; Shvidenko, A...; Vaganov, E...; Walker, D...

[Text] / M. M. Naurzbaev [et al.] // Holocene. - 2002. - Vol. 12, Is. 6. - P727-736, DOI 10.1191/0959683602hl586rp. - Cited References: 35 . - 10. - ISSN 0959-6836РУБ Geography, Physical + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: A brief review is presented of the progress, to date, in constructing a long, continuous ring-width chronology from living and subfossil Siberian larch (Larix gmelinii) in the eastern part of the Taimyr peninsula. A near 2500-year chronology running up to the present has been assembled and several shorter, earlier series have been produced that a-re dated approximately on the basis of radiocarbon dates. A description is given of the production of separate early summer and annual mean temperature histories based on the recent chronology, spanning more than 2000 years. These two reconstructions are based on alternative methods of statistical processing of the measured tree-ring data. The early summer and annual reconstructions agree well in the long-term components of their variability, providing evidence for anomalous warmth in the third, tenth to twelfth, and twentieth centuries. and a prolonged cool period throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth, and in the early nineteenth centuries. The mean growth and other statistical parameters of the earlier chronologies also suggest that conditions for tree growth were very favourable in the earlier Holocene, particularly in the fourth millennium BC. This is strongly indicative of an early Holocene Climatic Optimum in Taimyr at that time. Other material in hand, and earlier published radiocarbon dates, demonstrate the feasibility of constructing continuous ring-width chronologies and temperature estimates extending throughout all of the last 8000 years.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

Доп.точки доступа:
Naurzbaev, M.M.; Vaganov, E.A.; Sidorova, O.V.; Schweingruber, F.H.

[Text] / J. K. Shuman [et al.] // Can. J. For. Res. - 2015. - Vol. 45, Is. 2. - P175-184, DOI 10.1139/cjfr-2014-0138. - Cited References:53. - This work was funded by NASA grants to H.H. Shugart (Terrestrial Ecology10-CARBON10-0068) and A.J. Soja (Inter-Disciplinary Science09-IDS09-116). We thank the anonymous reviewers and V.A. Seamster forhelpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript, and RobertSmith for figure preparation. We also appreciate the software packagesthat made this work possible: IDRISI developed in 1987 by R.J. Eastmanat Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts, USA, and ESRI 2008(ESRI ArcGIS version 9.3, ESRI, Redlands, California, USA). . - ISSN 0045-5067. - ISSN 1208-6037РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Vegetation models are essential tools for projecting large-scale land-cover response to changing climate, which is expected to alter the distribution of biomes and individual species. A large-scale bioclimatic envelope model (RuBCliM) and an individual species based gap model (UVAFME) are used to simulate the Russian forests under current and future climate for two greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Results for current conditions are compared between models and assessed against two independent maps of Russian forest biomes and dominant tree species. Comparisons measured with kappa statistics indicate good agreement between the models (kappa values from 0.76 to 0.69), as well as between the model results and two observation-based maps for both species presence and absence (kappa values from 0.70 to 0.43). Agreement between these multiple types of data on forest distribution provides confidence in the projected forest response to changing climate. For future conditions, both models indicate a shift in the dominant biomes from conifers to deciduous leaved species. These projections have implications for feedbacks between the energy budget, carbon cycle, and land cover in the boreal system. The distinct biome and species changes emphasize the need for continued investigation of this landmass that has the size necessary to influence regional and global climate.

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Держатели документа:
Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.
NASA, Natl Inst Aerosp, Langley Res Ctr, Climate Sci Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
NASA, Natl Inst Aerosp, Langley Res Ctr, Radiat & Aerosols Branch, Hampton, VA 23681 USA.
Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Problems Ecol & Prod Forests, Moscow, Russia.
Univ Virginia, Alliance Computat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
ИЛ СО РАН

Доп.точки доступа:
Shuman, Jacquelyn K.; Tchebakova, Nadezhda M.; Parfenova, Elena I.; Soja, Amber J.; Shugart, Herman H.; Ershov, Dmitry; Holcomb, Katherine; NASA [10-CARBON10-0068, 09-IDS09-116]