Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

/ G. F. Antonova [et al.] // Russ. J. Dev. Biol. - 2012. - Vol. 43, Is. 4. - P199-208, DOI 10.1134/S1062360412040029. - Cited References: 51. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 06-04-49501. . - 10. - ISSN 1062-3604РУБ Developmental Biology

Аннотация: The content and fractional composition of alcohol soluble phenolic acids (PhA) in cells with different degree maturation and lignification in the course of early and late wood formation in the pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stem during vegetation were studied. Phenolic compounds (PhC), extracted by 80% ethanol, were divided into free and bound fractions of PhA. In turn, the esters and ethers were isolated from bound PhA. The contents of all substances were calculated per dry weight and per cell. Considerable differences have been found to exist in both the contents and the composition of the fractions PhA on successive stages of tracheid maturation of early and late xylem. Early wood tracheids at all secondary wall thickening steps contained PhC less and free PhA more than late wood tracheids. Throughout earlywood tracheid maturation, the pool of free PhA per cell declined at the beginning of lignification and then increased gradually while that of bound PhA decreased. The maturation of late wood tracheids were accompanied by the rise of free PhA pool and the diminution of bound PhA pool. In the composition of bound PhA, the ethers were always dominant, and the amount of that in earlywood cells was less than in latewood cells. The cells of early xylem at all steps of maturation contained more of esters. The sum total of free hydroxycinnamic acids, precursors of monolignols, gradually decreased during early xylem lignification as the result of the reduction of the pools of p-coumaric, caffeic, ferulic and synapic acids, while that of their esters rised. In the course of late xylem lignification, the pools of free p-coumaric, ferulic and, especially, synapic acids increased. Simultaneously, the amount of ferulic acid ester and synapic acid ether increased too. According to the data, lignin biosynthesis in early xylem and late xylem occurs with different dynamics and the structure of lignins of two xylem types might be different too.

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Держатели документа:
[Antonova, G. F.
Varaksina, T. N.
Zheleznichenko, T. V.
Stasova, V. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

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Antonova, G.F.; Varaksina, T.N.; Zheleznichenko, T.V.; Stasova, V.V.

[Text] / G. F. Antonova, V. V. Stasova, T. N. Varaksina // Russ. J. Plant Physiol. - 2009. - Vol. 56, Is. 2. - P190-199, DOI 10.1134/S1021443709020071. - Cited References: 30. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 06-04-49501. . - 10. - ISSN 1021-4437РУБ Plant Sciences

Аннотация: Changes in the levels of ascorbic acid (AA), its oxidized form, dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), and uronic acids as initial precursors for the AA synthesis were studied as related to the degree of xylem and phloem cell development in the course of early and late wood formation in the trunks of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The cells of mature and conducting phloem, cambial zone, differently developed cells in the zones of cell enlargement and maturation were obtained by successive scraping tissue layers from trunk segments of 20-25-year-old trees; tissue identification was checked anatomically and histochemically. The contents of compounds tested were calculated per dry weight and per cell basis. We found great differences in the contents of AA and DHA and also in their ratio in dependence of the wood type developing in the pine trunks during growth period and on the stage of differentiation of xylem and phloem cells. Changes in the AA content during xylem cell differentiation were accompanied by changes in the content of uronic acids. The amounts of AA, DHA, and uronic acids were the highest at the stage of early lignification and reduced with tracheid maturation. The AA to DHA ratio changed differently in the course of early and late xylem lignification. It reduced from the start of lignification to the formation of early mature xylem and, in contrast, increased in mature late wood; this indicates a difference in the level of redox processes in these tissues.

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Держатели документа:
[Antonova, G. F.
Stasova, V. V.
Varaksina, T. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Sukachev Inst Forest, Siberian Div, Akad Gorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Antonova, G.F.; Stasova, V.V.; Varaksina, T.N.; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [06-04-49501]

[Text] / O. V. Menyailo [et al.] // Glob. Change Biol. - 2008. - Vol. 14, Is. 10. - P2405-2419, DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01648.x. - Cited References: 62. - We thank Esther Surges for the isotope ratio measurements, V. Menyailo and V. Novikov for the help with field flux measurements, A. Pimenov for botanical description of the grassland and P. Frenzel for discussion of the data. We are deeply grateful to the staff of Soil Science Department of the Institute of Forest in Krasnoyarsk for creation and maintaining the afforestation experiment over the last 35 years. The work was funded by the US Civilian Research and Development Foundation (USA) and by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Germany). . - 15. - ISSN 1354-1013РУБ Biodiversity Conservation + Ecology + Environmental Sciences

Аннотация: Forest ecosystems assimilate more CO(2) from the atmosphere and store more carbon in woody biomass than most nonforest ecosystems, indicating strong potential for afforestation to serve as a carbon management tool. However, converting grasslands to forests could affect ecosystem-atmosphere exchanges of other greenhouse gases, such as nitrous oxide and methane (CH(4)), effects that are rarely considered. Here, we show that afforestation on a well-aerated grassland in Siberia reduces soil CH(4) uptake by a factor of 3 after 35 years of tree growth. The decline in CH(4) oxidation was observed both in the field and in laboratory incubation studies under controlled environmental conditions, suggesting that not only physical but also biological factors are responsible for the observed effect. Using incubation experiments with (13)CH(4) and tracking (13)C incorporation into bacterial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA), we found that, at low CH(4) concentrations, most of the (13)C was incorporated into only two PLFAs, 18 : 1 omega 7 and 16 : 0. High CH(4) concentration increased total (13)C incorporation and the number of PLFA peaks that became labeled, suggesting that the microbial assemblage oxidizing CH(4) shifts with ambient CH(4) concentration. Forests and grasslands exhibited similar labeling profiles for the high-affinity methanotrophs, suggesting that largely the same general groups of methanotrophs were active in both ecosystems. Both PLFA concentration and labeling patterns indicate a threefold decline in the biomass of active methanotrophs due to afforestation, but little change in the methanotroph community. Because the grassland consumed CH(4) at a rate five times higher than forest soils under laboratory conditions, we concluded that not only biomass but also cell-specific activity was higher in grassland than in afforested plots. While the decline in biomass of active methanotrophs can be explained by site preparation (plowing), inorganic N (especially NH(4)(+)) could be responsible for the change in cell-specific activity. Overall, the negative effect of afforestation of upland grassland on soil CH(4) uptake can be largely explained by the reduction in biomass and to a lesser extent by reduced cell-specific activity of CH(4)-oxidizing bacteria.

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Держатели документа:
[Menyailo, Oleg V.] Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Menyailo, Oleg V.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
[Menyailo, Oleg V.
Conrad, Ralf] Max Planck Inst Terr Microbiol, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
[Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA
[Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA
[Abraham, Wolf-Rainer] Helmholtz Ctr Infect Res, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany

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Menyailo, O.V.; Hungate, B.A.; Abraham, W.R.; Conrad, R...