Труды сотрудников ИЛ им. В.Н. Сукачева СО РАН

[Text] / A. S. Prokushkin [et al.] // Environ. Res. Lett. - 2011. - Vol. 6, Is. 4. - Ст. 45212, DOI 10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045212. - Cited References: 63. - This work was supported by the joint US-Russia program between the RFBR and CRDF through grants 10-05-92513 and RUG1-2980-KR-10. Additional support was provided by joint Russian-French Programmes EC2CO, Environement Cotier PNEC and GDRI CAR-WET-SIB, ANR 'Arctic metals' and grant 11.G34.31.0014 of Russian Ministry of higher education and science. We greatly thank Sergey Tenishev for assistance with sample collection during harsh winter and spring periods, and Vladimir Ivanov who provided invaluable daily discharge data for the Nizhnyaya Tunguska and Tembenchi Rivers. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their fruitful and constructive comments that allowed improving greatly the quality of presentation. . - 14. - ISSN 1748-9326РУБ Environmental Sciences + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: Frequent measurements of dissolved organic (DOC) and inorganic (DIC) carbon concentrations in rivers during snowmelt, the entire ice-free season, and winter were made in five large watersheds (15 000-174 000 km(2)) of the Central Siberian Plateau (Yenisey River basin). These differ in the degree of continuous permafrost coverage, mean annual air temperature, and the proportion of tundra and forest vegetation. With an annual DOC export from the catchment areas of 2.8-4.7 gC m(-2) as compared to an annual DIC export of 1.0-2.8 gC m(-2), DOC was the dominant component of terrigenous C released to rivers. There was strong temporal variation in the discharge of DOC and DIC. Like for other rivers of the pan-arctic and boreal zones, snowmelt dominated annual fluxes, being 55-71% for water runoff, 64-82% for DOC and 37-41% for DIC. Likewise, DOC and DIC exhibited also a strong spatial variation in C fluxes, with both dissolved C species decreasing from south to north. The rivers of the southern part of the plateau had the largest flow-weighted DOC concentrations among those previously reported for Siberian rivers, but the smallest flow-weighted DIC concentrations. In the study area, DOC and DIC fluxes were negatively correlated with the distribution of continuous permafrost and positively correlated with mean annual air temperature. A synthesis of literature data shows similar trends from west to east, with an eastward decrease of dissolved C concentrations and an increased proportion of DOC in the total dissolved C flux. It appears that there are two contemporary limitations for river export of terrigenous C across Siberia: (1) low productivity of ecosystems with respect to potentially mobilizable organic C, slow weathering rates with concomitant small formation of bicarbonate, and/or wildfire disturbance limit the pools of organic and inorganic C that can be mobilized for transport in rivers (source-limited), and (2) mobilization of available pools of C is constrained by low precipitation in the severe continental climate of interior Siberia (transport-limited). Climate warming may reduce the source limitation by enhancing primary production and weathering rates, while causes leading to surmounting the transport limitation remain debatable due to uncertainties in predictions of precipitation trends and other likely sources of reported increase of river discharges.

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Держатели документа:
[Prokushkin, A. S.
Korets, M. A.
Prokushkin, S. G.] VN Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, O. S.
Shirokova, L. S.
Viers, J.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, LMTG OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Amon, R. M. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Sci, Galveston, TX 77553 USA
[Guggenberger, G.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Bodenkunde, D-30419 Hannover, Germany
[McDowell, W. H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Prokushkin, A.S.; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Shirokova, L.S.; Korets, M.A.; Viers, J...; Prokushkin, S.G.; Amon, RMW; Guggenberger, G...; McDowell, W.H.

[Text] / M. L. Bagard [et al.] // Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta. - 2011. - Vol. 75, Is. 12. - P3335-3357, DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2011.03.024. - Cited References: 80. - This work benefited from fruitful discussions with S. Derenne, J. Templier, and T. Weber and from thorough reviews by S. Gislason, Ed Tipper and an anonymous reviewer. We also thank the associate Editor S. Hemming. B. Kieffel, Th. Perronne and E. Pelt are acknowledged for their help in measuring U and Sr isotope ratios. This work was financially supported by the French INSU-CNRS program "EC2CO-Cytrix", and CNRS program "GDRI Car-Wet-Sib". It was also supported by the funding from the Region Alsace, France, and the CPER 2003-2013 "REALISE". MLB benefited the funding of a Ph.D. scholarship from the French Ministry of National Education and Research. This is an EOST-LHyGeS contribution. . - 23. - ISSN 0016-7037РУБ Geochemistry & Geophysics

Аннотация: In order to constrain the origin and fluxes of elements carried by rivers of high latitude permafrost-dominated areas, major and trace element concentrations as well as Sr and U isotopic ratios were analyzed in the dissolved load of two Siberian rivers (Kochechum and Nizhnyaya Tunguska) regularly sampled over two hydrological cycles (2005-2007). Large water volumes of both rivers were also collected in spring 2008 in order to perform size separation through dialysis experiments. This study was completed by spatial sampling of the Kochechum watershed carried out during summer and by a detailed analysis of the main hydrological compartments of a small watershed. From element concentration variations along the hydrological cycle, different periods can be marked out, matching hydrological periods. During winter baseflow period (October to May) there is a concentration increase for major soluble cations and anions by an order of magnitude. The spring flood period (end of May-beginning of June) is marked by a sharp concentration decrease for soluble elements whereas dissolved organic carbon and insoluble element concentrations strongly increase. When the spring flood discharge occurs, the significant increase of aluminum and iron concentrations is related to the presence of organo-mineral colloids that mobilize insoluble elements. The study of colloidal REE reveals the occurrence of two colloid sources successively involved over time: spring colloids mainly originate from the uppermost organic-rich part of soils whereas summer colloids rather come from the deep mineral horizons. Furthermore, U and Sr isotopic ratios together with soluble cation budgets in the Kochechum river impose for soluble elements the existence of three distinct fluxes over the year: (a) at the spring flood a surface flux coming from the leaching of shallow organic soil levels and containing a significant colloidal component (b) a subsurface flux predominant during summer and fall mainly controlled by water-rock interactions within mineral soils and (c) a deep groundwater flux predominant during winter which enters large rivers through unfrozen permafrost-paths. Detailed study of the Kochechum watershed suggests that the contribution of this deep flux strongly depends on the depth and continuous nature of the permafrost. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
[Bagard, Marie-Laure
Chabaux, Francois
Stille, Peter
Rihs, Sophie] Univ Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
[Bagard, Marie-Laure
Chabaux, Francois
Stille, Peter
Rihs, Sophie] CNRS, EOST, LHyGeS, F-67084 Strasbourg, France
[Pokrovsky, Oleg S.
Viers, Jerome
Dupre, Bernard] Observ Midi Pyrenees, UMR 5563, CNRS, LMTG, Paris, France
[Prokushkin, Anatoly S.] SB RAS, VN Sukachev Inst Forest, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
[Schmitt, Anne-Desiree] Univ Franche Comte, CNRS, UMR 6249, F-25030 Besancon, France

Доп.точки доступа:
Bagard, M.L.; Chabaux, F...; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Viers, J...; Prokushkin, A.S.; Stille, P...; Rihs, S...; Schmitt, A.D.; Dupre, B...

[Text] / J. . Viers [et al.] // Biogeochemistry. - 2013. - Vol. 113, Is. 01.03.2013. - P435-449, DOI 10.1007/s10533-012-9770-8. - Cited References: 72. - We would like to thank the Ministere de l'Educational Nationale et de la Recherche, le Ministere des Affaires Etrabngers et l'INSU/CNRS (through the EC2CO program) of France for supporting this work. . - 15. - ISSN 0168-2563РУБ Environmental Sciences + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary

Аннотация: We measured the seasonal dynamics of major and trace elements concentrations in foliage of larch, main conifer species of Siberia, and we analyzed cryogenic soils collected in typical permafrost-dominated habitats in the Central Siberia. This region offers a unique opportunity to study element fractionation between the soil and the plant because of (i) the homogeneous geological substratum, (ii) the monospecific stands (Larix gmelinii) and (iii) the contrasted habitats (North-facing slope, South-facing slope, and Sphagnum peatbog) in terms of soil temperature, moisture, thickness of the active layer, tree biomass and rooting depth. The variation of these parameters from one habitat to the other allowed us to test the effects of these parameters on the element concentration in larch foliage considered with high seasonal resolution. Statistical treatment of data on larch needles collected 4 times in 3 locations during entire growing season (June-September) demonstrated that : (1) there is a high similarity of foliar chemical composition of larch trees in various habitats suggesting intrinsically similar requirements of larch tree growth for nutrients, (2) the variation of elemental concentrations in larch needles is controlled by the period (within the growing season) and not by the geographical location (South-facing slope, North-facing slope or bog zone) and (3) there are three groups of elements according to their patterns of elements concentration in needles over the growing season from June to September can be identified: (1): nutrient elements [P, Cu, Rb, K, B, Na, Zn, Ni and Cd] showing a decrease of concentration from June to September similar to the behaviour of major nutrients such as N, P and K; (2): accumulating elements [Ca, Mg, Mo, Co, Sr, Mn, Pb and Cr] showing an increase of concentration from June-July to September; (3): indifferent elements [Al, Zr, Fe, Ba, Ti, REEs (Pr, Nd, Ce, La, Gd, Er, Dy, Tb, Lu, Yb, Tm, Sm, Ho, Eu), Y, Th and U] showing a decrease of concentration from June to July and then an increase of concentration to September. A number of micronutrients (e.g., Cu, Zn) demonstrate significant resorption at the end of growing season suggesting possible limitation by these elements. Although the intrinsic requirement seems to be similar among habitats, the total amount of element stored within the different habitats is drastically different due to the differences in standing tree biomass. The partitioning coefficients between soil and larch appear to be among the lowest compared to other environments with variable plants, soils and climates. Applying the "space for time" substitution scenario, it follows that under ongoing climate warming there will be an increase of the element stock following enhanced above-ground biomass accumulation, even considering zero modification of element ratios and their relative mobility. In this sense, the habitats like south-facing slopes can serve as resultant of climate warming effect on element cycling in larch ecosystems for the larger territory of Central Siberia.

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Держатели документа:
[Viers, J.
Pokrovsky, O. S.
Auda, Y.
Beaulieu, E.
Zouiten, C.
Oliva, P.
Dupre, B.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRD, GET OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Prokushkin, A. S.
Kirdyanov, A. V.] Sukachev Inst Forestry SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Pokrovsky, O. S.] UroRAS, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Viers, J.; Prokushkin, Anatoly S.; Прокушкин, Анатолий Станиславович; Pokrovsky, O.S.; Auda, Y.; Kirdyanov, Alexander V.; Кирдянов, Александр Викторович; Beaulieu, E.; Zouiten, C.; Oliva, P.; Dupre, B.; Ministere de l'Educational Nationale et de la Recherche; le Ministere des Affaires Etrabngers; l'INSU/CNRS of France

/ Y. N. Samsonov [et al.] // Int. J. Wildland Fire. - 2012. - Vol. 21, Is. 7. - P818-827, DOI 10.1071/WF11038. - Cited References: 41. - The authors thank S. G. Conard and G. A. Ivanova for participation in designing and organising the fire experiments of which this research was a part. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this research from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Land-Cover Land-Use Change program; USDA Forest Service; Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service; and the Civilian Research and Development Foundation (CRDF). The International Science and Technology Center (project 3695) and the Russian-based Research Foundation for Basic Research (grant 08-05-00083) provided additional financial support. . - 10. - ISSN 1049-8001РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Approximately 20 experimental fires were conducted on forest plots of 1-4 ha each in 2000-07 in two types of boreal forests in central Siberia, and 18 on 6 x 12-m plots in 2008-10. These experiments were designed to mimic wildfires under similar burning conditions. The fires were conducted in prescribed conditions including full documentation on pre-fire weather, pre-fire and post-fire forest fuels, fire intensities, and other biological, physical and chemical parameters. The amount of particulate matter emitted during a typical fire averaged 0.6 t ha(-1) and ranged within 0.2-1.0 t ha(-1) depending on burning conditions. Particulates accounted for similar to 1-7% of the total mass of the consumed biomass during a typical forest fire (10-30 t ha(-1) based on our data from 2000-07). Most of the particulate matter consists of organic substances, 77% on average, with a range of 70-90%. Elemental carbon averaged 8%, with a range of 2-18%. Trace element compositions and amounts of particulates indicate that there was no actual difference in the element emissions sampled from the fires conducted in the two forest types (6-8% in larch forest and 8% in pine forest). Most of the particulate matter, 90-95%, consists of submicrometre and near-micrometre particles similar to 0.1-5 mu m in diameter.

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Держатели документа:
[Samsonov, Y. N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Chem Kinet & Combust, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
[Ivanov, V. A.] Siberian State Technol Univ, Forest Inst, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[McRae, D. J.] Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada
[Baker, S. P.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59807 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Samsonov, Y.N.; Ivanov, V.A.; McRae, D.J.; Baker, S.P.

[Text] / O. S. Pokrovsky [et al.] // Chem. Geol. - 2013. - Vol. 355. - P103-116, DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.07.016. - Cited References: 65. - We are grateful to Associate Editor Carla Koretsky for her significant efforts in improving this manuscript and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful and constructive comments. This work was supported by the BIO-GEO-CLIM Mega-grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and Tomsk State University (No 14.B25.31.0001), ANR "Arctic Metals", GDRI CAR WET SIB and LIA LEAGE International Laboratories, Grants RFFI 10-05-92513, and 11-04-10056, the CRDF RUG1-2980-KR-10 and Programs of Presidium RAS (No 12-P-5-1021) and UrORAS (No 12-U-5-1034). . - 14. - ISSN 0009-2541РУБ Geochemistry & Geophysics

Аннотация: This work is devoted to the characterization of natural mechanisms of silicon isotope fractionation within Siberian watersheds and predicting the climate warming effect on Si fluxes from the land to the Arctic Ocean. To unravel the different sources of silica generated by basalt weathering in Central Siberia under permafrost and larch deciduous forest conditions, we measured the Si isotopic composition of large and small rivers, surface flow, interstitial soil solutions, plant litter and soils. The average annual discharge-weighted delta Si-30 values of the second largest tributary of the Yenissei River, Nyzhnaya Tunguska and its main northern tributary (Kochechum) are equal to 1.08 +/- 0.10% and 1.67 +/- 0.15%, respectively, while their average annual Si concentrations are very similar (3.46 and 3.50 mg/L, respectively). During summer baseflow, the dissolved Si isotope composition of both large rivers and a small stream ranges between 1.5 and 2.5%. This is much heavier compared to the source basaltic rocks but similar to the fresh litter of Larix gmelinii, the dominating tree species in this region. It could be consistent with litter degradation in the uppermost soil horizons being the dominant source of solutes annually exported by Central Siberian rivers. During spring flood, accounting for 60-80% of annual Si flux, the delta Si-30 of the large rivers' dissolved load decreases by 1-1.5%, thus approaching the value of the bedrock and the silicate suspended matter of the rivers (RSM). This may reflect the dissolution of the silicate suspended load at high water/mineral ratio. The winter delta Si-30 values of the large river dissolved load range between 1.0 and 2.5%. During this period, contributing to <= 10% of the annual Si chemical flux, the interaction between bedrock (porous tuffs) and deep ground waters occurs at a very high solid/solution ratio, leading to the precipitation of isotopically light secondary minerals and enrichment of Si-30 in the fluids that feed the river through the unfrozen flowpaths. Results of this study imply that more than a half of the silica transported by Siberian rivers may transit through the biogenic pool and that, like in other stable basaltic regions, bedrock-water interactions account for a lesser fraction of the silica flux. As a result of projected future climate warming and weathering increases in boreal regions, the delta Si-30 isotopic composition of large Siberian rivers is likely to shift towards less positive values. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
[Pokrovsky, O. S.
Schott, J.
Viers, J.] Univ Toulouse, GET CNRS UMR 5563, F-31400 Toulouse, France
[Pokrovsky, O. S.] UroRAS, Inst Ecol Problems North, Arkhangelsk, Russia
[Reynolds, B. C.] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Geochem & Petr, Zurich, Switzerland
[Prokushkin, A. S.] RAS, Inst Forest, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Pokrovsky, O.S.; Reynolds, B.C.; Prokushkin, A. S.; Прокушкин, Анатолий Станиславович; Schott, J.; Viers, J.; BIO-GEO-CLIM Mega-grant of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation; Tomsk State University [14.B25.31.0001]; ANR "Arctic Metals"; GDRI CAR WET SIB and LIA LEAGE International Laboratories [RFFI 10-05-92513, 11-04-10056]; CRDF [RUG1-2980-KR-10]; Program of Presidium RAS [12-P-5-1021]; Program of Presidium UrORAS [12-U-5-1034]

/ V. L. Gavrikov, A. I. Fertikov, R. A. Sharafutdinov, E. A. Vaganov // Lesnoy Zh. - 2021. - Is. 6. - С. 24-37, DOI 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-6-24-37. - Cited References:26 . - ISSN 0536-1036РУБ Forestry

Аннотация: Distribution of chemical elements in tree rings bears important information on various biogeochemical processes. In order to achieve a reliable interpretation of the information, it is necessary to know the degree of variation in the content of chemical elements both at the level of the entire species and at the level of individual trees. The research aims to determine which chemical elements have a stable distribution in the trunks of a number of conifers: Siberian spruce (Picea obovata Ledeb.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.), and Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour). The data for the analysis were obtained on the basis of the long-term experiment in forest growing. The experimental site was laid out in 1971-1972 in the vicinity of Krasnoyarsk by the staff of the Sukachev Institute of Forest of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Before planting the seedlings, the soil ground was mechanically levelled, and thus, sufficiently equal growth conditions were created for all plantings. Cores with a diameter of 12 mm were sampled from three normally developing trees of each species and analyzed using modern X-ray fluorescence methods. Content relative values of elements (counts) were obtained with the Itrax Multiscanner (COX Analytical Systems). The content of elements in the tree rings was characterized by the concentration and reserve of elements. Concentration was calculated as the number of counts per 1 mm(2) of the ring area; reserve was calculated as the number of counts over the entire ring area. Each of these variables was defined by the parameters of linear slope in the calendar year series and the standard deviation. The cluster analysis was performed in the 4-dimensional space of the obtained parameters. This allowed determining whether the series of element distributions from different trees and species are grouped. Three elements (Ca, Co, and P) show high stability of distribution parameters in tree rings with no regard to tree species. A number of other elements (Mn, Pb, Cl, Cr, Ni, Sr, and W) are stably grouped depending on the species. The results of the research enable to focus on the study of the elements stably distributed in the conifer trunks.

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Держатели документа:
Siberian Fed Univ, Prosp Svobodnyy 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
Sukachev Inst Forest SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50-28, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Gavrikov, Vladimir L.; Fertikov, Alexey, I; Sharafutdinov, Ruslan A.; Vaganov, Evgenii A.