[Текст] : монография. 67 / Carlo Cercignani. - New York ; Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag, 1988. - 455 с. : With 42 illustrations. - (Applied Mathematical Sciences). - Bibliogr. at the end of the chapters. - 1.20 р.
Аннотация: Statistical mechanics may be naturally divided into two branches, one dealing with the equilibrium systems, the other with nonequilibrium systems. The equilibrium properties of macroscopic systems are defined in principle by suitable averages in well-defined Gibb's ensembles. This provides a framework for both qualitative understanding and quantitative approximations to equilibrium behaviour. Nonequilibrium phenomena are much less understood at the present time. A notable exception is offered by the case of dilute gases. Here are basic equation was established by Ludwig Boltzmann in 1872.The Boltzmann equation still forms the basis for the kinetic theory of gases and has proved fruitfull not only for a study of the classical gases Boltzmann had in mind but also, properly generalized, for studying electron transport in solids and platsmas, neutron transport in nuclear reactors, phonon transport in superfluids, and radiative transfer in planetaryand stellar atmospheres. Research in both the new fields and the old one has undergone a considerable advance in last thirty years. In the last ten years, a new wave of interest has surrounded the Boltzmann equation, stemming from its unique role in the theory of time-dependent phenomena in large systems. In fact, the Boltzmann equation appears as a prototype of a reduced description taking into account only partial information about the underlying microscopic state (fully described by the coordinate and the momenta of all the molecules), but nevertheless undergoing an autonomous time evolution. Thus the problem of the rigorous derivation of the Boltzmann equation from the microscopic description has attracted a certain amount of interest among physicists and mathematicians. This, in turn, has revived the interest in the theory of existence and uniqueness of the solutionsof the Boltzmann equation, since this problem has proved to be intimately tied with the previous one. This justifies the present book (which tries to present a unified approach to the problems arising in different fields mentioned above) by exploiting the similarities whenever they exist and underlining the differences when necessary. The main line of exposition, however, is tied to the classical equation established by Boltzmann, and hence the detailed description of some applications almost exclusively refer to monatomic neutral gases. Appropriate references are given, however, to papers dealing with similar problems arising in other fields, with particular concern for neutron transport, gas mixtures, and polyatomic gases. The material dealing with the basic properties and applications known before 1975 was covered in the previous book by the author; thus, it was natural to incorporate in the present book the material of the first seven chapters of that book. This material is updated in an extensive Appendix, coveringthe developments from 1975 to 1987. But the main feature of the book is Chapter VIII, completely rewritten and covering the important studies resulting from new mathematical approaches to the old problem of existence and uniqueness, and the new once tied up with the question of validity. There is still no satisfactory prooffor existence of solutions under general reasonable initial conditions. The material presented here indicates, however, that a great deal of progress has been achievedin recent times. There is no doubt that the better understanding resulting from this progress will be essential to the further penetration to be expectedin the next few years.It is hoped that the book will be usefull as a textbook for an advanced course in kinetic theory and as a reference for mathematicians, physicists, and engineers interested in the kinetic theory of gases and its applications.
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ИВМ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр.44
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В36
S70
S70
Microscale and nanoscale heat transfer
[Text] : fundamentals and engineering applications / C. B. Sobhan. - Boca Raton ; London ; New York : CRC press, 2008. - 409 p. : il. - ISBN 978-0-8493-7307-7 : 3632.42 р.
ББК В36
Аннотация: Through analyses, experimental results, and worked-out numerical examples, Microscale and Nanoscale Heat Transfer: Fundamentals and Engineering Applications explores the methods and observations of thermophysical phenomena in size-affected domains. Compiling the most relevant findings from the literature, along with results from their own research activities, the authors provide a useful treatise on the principal concepts and practical design engineering aspects of heat transfer. The book discusses in detail various modern engineering applications, such as microchannel heat sinks, micro heat exchangers, and micro heat pipes. It covers methods that range from discrete computation to optical measurement techniques for microscale applications. The authors also present the fundamentals of nanoscale thermal phenomena in fluids. The text concludes with an entire chapter devoted to numerical examples of microscale conduction, convective heat transfer, and radiation as well as nanoscale thermal phenomena. Drawing on their hands-on experience, the authors shed light on the differences to consider while developing engineering designs related to micro- and nanoscale systems.
Держатели документа:
ИВМ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр.44
Доп.точки доступа:
Peterson, George P.
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Аннотация: Through analyses, experimental results, and worked-out numerical examples, Microscale and Nanoscale Heat Transfer: Fundamentals and Engineering Applications explores the methods and observations of thermophysical phenomena in size-affected domains. Compiling the most relevant findings from the literature, along with results from their own research activities, the authors provide a useful treatise on the principal concepts and practical design engineering aspects of heat transfer. The book discusses in detail various modern engineering applications, such as microchannel heat sinks, micro heat exchangers, and micro heat pipes. It covers methods that range from discrete computation to optical measurement techniques for microscale applications. The authors also present the fundamentals of nanoscale thermal phenomena in fluids. The text concludes with an entire chapter devoted to numerical examples of microscale conduction, convective heat transfer, and radiation as well as nanoscale thermal phenomena. Drawing on their hands-on experience, the authors shed light on the differences to consider while developing engineering designs related to micro- and nanoscale systems.
Держатели документа:
ИВМ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, 50, стр.44
Доп.точки доступа:
Peterson, George P.
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634.9
B 50
B 50
A time study in Pruning plantation white spruce and red pine
[Текст] / A.B. Berry ; Forest Research Branch, Canada. - Ottawa : Forest Researcg Branch, 1964. - 6 с. : tables. - (Forest Research Branch Contribution / Forest Researcg Branch, Canada ; 568). - Библиогр: p. 6. - 0-05 р.
Аннотация: The paper deals with the study in pruning plantation white spruce and red pine. Pruning whire spruce to a height of 17 feet took about twice as long as pruning red pine to the same height, owing to differences in the branching habit, length og live crown and the persistence of the brances of the species.
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| УДК |
Аннотация: The paper deals with the study in pruning plantation white spruce and red pine. Pruning whire spruce to a height of 17 feet took about twice as long as pruning red pine to the same height, owing to differences in the branching habit, length og live crown and the persistence of the brances of the species.
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634.9T
H 77
H 77
Volume distribution in individual trees
[Текст] / T.G. Honer ; Canada Department of Forestry, Forest Research Branch. - Ottawa : Canada Department of Forestry, Forest Management Research and Services Institute, 1965. - 1-5 с. : figures + tables. - Библиогр: p.5. - 0-20 р.
Аннотация: Three models were developed to express the distribution of volume over the tree stem. Statistical tests indicated significant differences between size classes within species. An analysis of volume residual showed, however, that a single expression for each model was applicable to all trees regardless of size or species. The Application of the volume distribution models for estimating merchantable cubic-foot volume is briefly discussed
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| УДК |
Аннотация: Three models were developed to express the distribution of volume over the tree stem. Statistical tests indicated significant differences between size classes within species. An analysis of volume residual showed, however, that a single expression for each model was applicable to all trees regardless of size or species. The Application of the volume distribution models for estimating merchantable cubic-foot volume is briefly discussed
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634.1
A 11
A 11
Einige pH=Bestimmungen in Waldboden
[Текст] / V.T. Aaltonen. - Helsinki : Metsatieteellisen Tutkimuslaitoksen Julkaisuja, 1937. - 52 с. : Fig. + Tabellen. - (Metsatieteellisen Tutkimuslaitoksen Julkaisuja ; 25.2). - Библиогр: S.44. - 3-00 р.
Аннотация: The paper describes the distribution of acidity in the soil profile, especially in the podzol profile, and gives some data regarding the effect of the storage of the soil samples on acidity, and the differences between the pH-values in water and in KC1. Storage of the samples has generally lowered the acidity, particularly so in strongly podzolized soils. The changes were least in brown earth and in weakly podzolized soil. Research on the distribution of acidity shows that the pH-value first rises (from surface of mineral soil onwards) with increasing depth, reaches a maximum at the lower part of the B-horizon, and thereupon falls, soon to rise to the value which is characteristic of the subsoil in question. In ordinary northern podzol soils, this maximum is found between 25 and 35 cm, and the decrease between 35 and 45 cm. The chemical differentiation of the profile is generally the folowing: the maximum of humus is uppermost, than tha maximum of sesqui-oxides and underneath that of the pH-values. The ph-difference between water and KC1 was least in the B-horizon, and greatest in strongly washed A-horizon and in the subsoil of grass-herb forests.
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| УДК |
Аннотация: The paper describes the distribution of acidity in the soil profile, especially in the podzol profile, and gives some data regarding the effect of the storage of the soil samples on acidity, and the differences between the pH-values in water and in KC1. Storage of the samples has generally lowered the acidity, particularly so in strongly podzolized soils. The changes were least in brown earth and in weakly podzolized soil. Research on the distribution of acidity shows that the pH-value first rises (from surface of mineral soil onwards) with increasing depth, reaches a maximum at the lower part of the B-horizon, and thereupon falls, soon to rise to the value which is characteristic of the subsoil in question. In ordinary northern podzol soils, this maximum is found between 25 and 35 cm, and the decrease between 35 and 45 cm. The chemical differentiation of the profile is generally the folowing: the maximum of humus is uppermost, than tha maximum of sesqui-oxides and underneath that of the pH-values. The ph-difference between water and KC1 was least in the B-horizon, and greatest in strongly washed A-horizon and in the subsoil of grass-herb forests.
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06
S 92
S 92
Graded quality of 30-year-old Norway spruce grown on agricultural and forest land
[Текст] / A. Noren, A. Persson ; Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forestry. - Uppsala : Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Faculty of Forestry, 1997. - 19 с. : figures. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; 203). - Библиогр: p. 16-18%ISBN 91-576-5553-7. - 3-00 р.
Аннотация: Six 30-year-old, fast-grown Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands in Sweden, comprising a total of 700 stems, were examined. Four had been planted on agricultural land and two on very fertile forest land. The characteristics studied were branch properties, defects and basic density as well as the graded quality of timber, assessed by Swedish export grading, and the modulus of elasticity, assessed by machine strength grading (Em).Our aim was to determine how the wood properties of Norway spruce grown on agricultural land differ from those of spruce grown on fertile forest land. The only differences found between the two sites concerned defects, especially spike knots. These were more common in the agricultural stands, where the frequency of logs with at least one spike knot was 33.7%, whereas the corresponding figure in the forest stands was 6.9%.
Доп.точки доступа:
Persson, A.
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| УДК |
Аннотация: Six 30-year-old, fast-grown Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands in Sweden, comprising a total of 700 stems, were examined. Four had been planted on agricultural land and two on very fertile forest land. The characteristics studied were branch properties, defects and basic density as well as the graded quality of timber, assessed by Swedish export grading, and the modulus of elasticity, assessed by machine strength grading (Em).Our aim was to determine how the wood properties of Norway spruce grown on agricultural land differ from those of spruce grown on fertile forest land. The only differences found between the two sites concerned defects, especially spike knots. These were more common in the agricultural stands, where the frequency of logs with at least one spike knot was 33.7%, whereas the corresponding figure in the forest stands was 6.9%.
Доп.точки доступа:
Persson, A.
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06
F 54
F 54
Differences in the climatic adaption of silver birch (Betula pendula} and downy birch (B. pubescens) in Finland based on male flowering phenology
[Текст] / A. Liomajoki. - Helsinki : The Finnish Soc. of Forest Science. The Finnish Forest Research Institute, 1999. - 35 p. : ill. - (Acta Forestalia Fennica, ISSN 0001-5636 ; 263). - Библиогр: p. 33-35%ISBN 951-40-1713-7. - 11-00 р.
Аннотация: The aim of this study is to analyze whether there are systematic differences in the flowering parameters, their geographical correlations or in adaption to climate between the two birch species. Are the effects of temperature and the light factor equal for both species, and do they differ from those controlling Norway spruce and Scots pine? Is Linsser's principle of proportional heat sums valid for birch species? This book studied and the other questions. To answer these questions, the within-year and the between-year variations in the timing of anthesis involved were measured and tested with the three parameters using two alternative reference points, median of anthesis and peak pollen catch day. The geographical variation of pollen catches was also measured and possible geographical correlations were sought.
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| УДК |
Аннотация: The aim of this study is to analyze whether there are systematic differences in the flowering parameters, their geographical correlations or in adaption to climate between the two birch species. Are the effects of temperature and the light factor equal for both species, and do they differ from those controlling Norway spruce and Scots pine? Is Linsser's principle of proportional heat sums valid for birch species? This book studied and the other questions. To answer these questions, the within-year and the between-year variations in the timing of anthesis involved were measured and tested with the three parameters using two alternative reference points, median of anthesis and peak pollen catch day. The geographical variation of pollen catches was also measured and possible geographical correlations were sought.
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634.9
R 66
R 66
The role of permafrost ecosystems in global climate change
[Текст] : proc. of the Intern. con. held in Yakutsk 3-5 May 2000 / Ed. by B.Ivanov and T.Maximov. - Yakutsk : Yakutsk Scientific Center, 2001. - 207 с. : figures + tables. - Библиогр: p.207. - free of charge р.
Аннотация: The book deals with the characteristics of three-dimensioned flux and components of water balance; the differences in the characteristics of water and heat flux between forest and alas ecosystems; the estimation of water balance and seasonal variations of its components within a watershed (50 x50-100 x 100 km).
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| УДК |
Аннотация: The book deals with the characteristics of three-dimensioned flux and components of water balance; the differences in the characteristics of water and heat flux between forest and alas ecosystems; the estimation of water balance and seasonal variations of its components within a watershed (50 x50-100 x 100 km).
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576.8
S82
S82
Notes on polyhedroses in Peridroma, Prodenia, Colias, Heliothis, and other Lepidoptera
[Text] / E.A. Steinhaus. - Berkeley : University of California, 1960. - 327-333 p. - (Journal of Insect Pathology ; vol. 2, N 4). - eng. - Библиогр. в конце ст. - 0.02 р.
Аннотация: Miscellaneous observations on polyhedroses in several species of Lepidoptera are reported. The genera of Lepidoptera represented include Peridroma, Prodenia, Colias, and Heliothis. In the case of Peridroma, the data pertaining to a nuclear polyhedrosis were compared with those relating to a granulosis. Incubation periods, strain differences, cross infectivities, symptomatology, and the effects of certain stressors were determined or studied in individual instances. Also reported are new records of virus-diseased insects received as accessions for diagnosis
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| УДК |
Аннотация: Miscellaneous observations on polyhedroses in several species of Lepidoptera are reported. The genera of Lepidoptera represented include Peridroma, Prodenia, Colias, and Heliothis. In the case of Peridroma, the data pertaining to a nuclear polyhedrosis were compared with those relating to a granulosis. Incubation periods, strain differences, cross infectivities, symptomatology, and the effects of certain stressors were determined or studied in individual instances. Also reported are new records of virus-diseased insects received as accessions for diagnosis
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06
S92
S92
Melampsora Pinitorqua (Braun) Rostr. - Pine twisting rust: Some experiments in resistance-biology
[Text] = Melampsora Pinitorqua (Braun) Rostr.: Nagra resistensbiologiska forsok : научное издание / A. Klingstrom. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1963. - 23 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica ; № 6). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 21-22. - 0.07 р.
Аннотация: The book deals with the fungus which was found all over Europe and adjacent parts of Asiatic Russia., in North America. Nine species of Pinus are more or less suffering from Melampsora pinitorqua. 14 clones (with 17-41 grafts) have been examined after spontaneously occurring disease. There were appreciable differences in their resistance to rust
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| УДК |
Аннотация: The book deals with the fungus which was found all over Europe and adjacent parts of Asiatic Russia., in North America. Nine species of Pinus are more or less suffering from Melampsora pinitorqua. 14 clones (with 17-41 grafts) have been examined after spontaneously occurring disease. There were appreciable differences in their resistance to rust
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06
S92
S92
Karyotype analysis of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledb. and Larix sukaczewii Dyl.)
[Text] = Karyotypanalys av sibirisk lark : научное издание / M. Simak. - Stockholm : Skogshohskolan, 1964. - 15 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 17). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 13-14. - Б. ц.
Аннотация: On the basis of karyotype analysis of the mitotic chromosomes in root tips of the germinating seedlings, a common basic idiogram was set up for the Siberian larch( Larix sibirica Ledb. and Larix sukaczewii Dyl.). No differences in the chromosome morphology were found between these two Siberian larch spesies. The seed material originated from different autochthonic stocks.
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| УДК |
Аннотация: On the basis of karyotype analysis of the mitotic chromosomes in root tips of the germinating seedlings, a common basic idiogram was set up for the Siberian larch( Larix sibirica Ledb. and Larix sukaczewii Dyl.). No differences in the chromosome morphology were found between these two Siberian larch spesies. The seed material originated from different autochthonic stocks.
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06
S92
S92
Cone and seed studies in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)
[Text] = Kott- och frostudier hos gran : монография / E. Andersson. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1965. - 214 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 23). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 200-212. - 0.50 р.
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
variation -- differences -- germination -- genotypes -- genetic and physiological factors
Аннотация: The book deals with cone and seed studies in Norway spruce; its variation and relationship of some morphological cone and seed characters; material and methods; flowering and setting in conifers; variation of seed quality et al
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| УДК |
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
variation -- differences -- germination -- genotypes -- genetic and physiological factors
Аннотация: The book deals with cone and seed studies in Norway spruce; its variation and relationship of some morphological cone and seed characters; material and methods; flowering and setting in conifers; variation of seed quality et al
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06
S92
S92
The identification of the micelia of wood-decay fungi by their oxidation reactions with phenolic compounds
[Text] = Identifiering av rotsvampsmycel med hjalp av deras produktion av fenoloxidaser : научное издание / A. Kaarik. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1965. - 80 p. : табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 31). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 58-61. - 2.43 р.
Аннотация: The identification of the mycelia of a great number of wood decaying fungi on the basis of their morphological characters is possible with the aid of the excellent descriptions of their cultural characters given by Campbell et al. In the large groups of white rot and brown rot fungi numerous mycelian can be easily identified by their morphological characters alone, but others show only minor differences not easily recognizable. On the basis of this investigation a rapidly working method is suggested for dividing the fungus mycelia in four groups, depending on their production of laccase and tyrosinase
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| УДК |
Аннотация: The identification of the mycelia of a great number of wood decaying fungi on the basis of their morphological characters is possible with the aid of the excellent descriptions of their cultural characters given by Campbell et al. In the large groups of white rot and brown rot fungi numerous mycelian can be easily identified by their morphological characters alone, but others show only minor differences not easily recognizable. On the basis of this investigation a rapidly working method is suggested for dividing the fungus mycelia in four groups, depending on their production of laccase and tyrosinase
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06
S92
S92
Seed weight of larch from different provenances (Larix decidua Mill.)
[Text] = Frovikt hos lark av olika provenienser : научное издание / M. Simak. - Stockholm : Skoghogskolan, 1967. - 31 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 57). - eng. - Библиогр.: 27-29. - 0.10 р., 0.30 р.
Аннотация: European larch from different geographycal regions of its natural range of distribution varies in seed weight. These differences in seed weight are rather distinct, despite the fact that they have been found - as far as can be judged from the publication. The empty seeds, which usually have about 70 per cent of the weight of filled seeds, can influenece the thousand grain weight differently, depending upon the extent to which they occur in samples. However, it is rather difficult to separate empty and filled seeds of larch, owing to the small difference in their weight. For commercial separation of larch seed, special equipment has been constructed
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| УДК |
Аннотация: European larch from different geographycal regions of its natural range of distribution varies in seed weight. These differences in seed weight are rather distinct, despite the fact that they have been found - as far as can be judged from the publication. The empty seeds, which usually have about 70 per cent of the weight of filled seeds, can influenece the thousand grain weight differently, depending upon the extent to which they occur in samples. However, it is rather difficult to separate empty and filled seeds of larch, owing to the small difference in their weight. For commercial separation of larch seed, special equipment has been constructed
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06
S92
S92
Effect of different distances between water level and seed bed on Jacobsen apparatus on the germination of Pinus silvestris L. seed
[Text] = Einfluss von verschiedenen Abstanden zwischen Wasserhohe und Keimbett auf Jacobsenapparat auf die Keimung von Pinus silvestris L. Samen = Inverkan av olika avstand mellan vattenniva och groningsbadd i Jacobsens apparat pa groningen av Pinus silvestris L. fro : научное издание / S.K. Kamra. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1968. - 18 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 65). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 17. - 0.20 р., 0.15 р.
Аннотация: In this investigation, the effect of three distances: 22, 19 and 13 cm between the water level and the seed bed on Jacobsen apparatus (referred to in the following text as "water distance"), was studied on the germination of 24 samples of fresh and old Scots pine seed. The results showed that in most of the samples there was a tendency for germination percentage to be highest at the shortest water distance used (13 cm), although these differences were significant only in three cases. Also the germination rate was the fastest, at least in the first few days of the test, at 13 cm water distance in several samples. For the practical seed testing work, this study has indicated that it is important to keep the distance between the water level and seed bed on Jacobsen apparatus constant, in order to obtain comparable germination results
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| УДК |
Аннотация: In this investigation, the effect of three distances: 22, 19 and 13 cm between the water level and the seed bed on Jacobsen apparatus (referred to in the following text as "water distance"), was studied on the germination of 24 samples of fresh and old Scots pine seed. The results showed that in most of the samples there was a tendency for germination percentage to be highest at the shortest water distance used (13 cm), although these differences were significant only in three cases. Also the germination rate was the fastest, at least in the first few days of the test, at 13 cm water distance in several samples. For the practical seed testing work, this study has indicated that it is important to keep the distance between the water level and seed bed on Jacobsen apparatus constant, in order to obtain comparable germination results
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ИЛ-ИФ (2)
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06
S92
S92
Melampsora pinitorqua (Braun) Rostr. on progenies of Pinus silvestris L. and in relation to growth regulating substances
[Text] = Melampsora pinitorqua (Braun) Rostr. pa avkommor av Pinus silvestris och i forhallande till tillvaxtreglerande amnen : монография / A. Klingstrom. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1969. - 76 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 69). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 71-74. - Б. ц.
Аннотация: Various methods of recording pine twisting rust have been discussed, and attack frequences on 75 progenies of Pinus silvestris plus trees have been noted. Mention has also been made to the possibility of resistance breeding. Acid ether extracts of annual shoots of Pinus silvestris have been examined by various bioassays. Marked differences in the inhibitor effect between extracts from different pine clones have been established. A possible connection between inhibitor content and resistance has been discussed. Reduction in inhibitor content during axial extension and inhibitors in leachates from pine shoots has been connected with Melampsora occurrence. Gel filtration combined with thin layer chromatography has been used for separating tha extract components. Among the inhibitors a number of resin acids have been identified by chemical means
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Аннотация: Various methods of recording pine twisting rust have been discussed, and attack frequences on 75 progenies of Pinus silvestris plus trees have been noted. Mention has also been made to the possibility of resistance breeding. Acid ether extracts of annual shoots of Pinus silvestris have been examined by various bioassays. Marked differences in the inhibitor effect between extracts from different pine clones have been established. A possible connection between inhibitor content and resistance has been discussed. Reduction in inhibitor content during axial extension and inhibitors in leachates from pine shoots has been connected with Melampsora occurrence. Gel filtration combined with thin layer chromatography has been used for separating tha extract components. Among the inhibitors a number of resin acids have been identified by chemical means
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06
S92
S92
Coastal and inland provenance trials in Pinus silvestris L.
[Text] = Proveniensforsok med kust- och inlandstall : научное издание / C.E. Ehrenberg, A. Gustafsson. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1971. - 36 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 95). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 22. - 1.00 р.
Аннотация: Stands of Scots pine along the south-eastern coast of Sweden differ from inland stands at the same latitude as regards frequency of trees with broad crowns and crooked stems. In oder to investigate the nature and extent of the differences, a provenance trial was established with material of coastal and inland origin. The experimental design involved testings at two sites (coastal and inland), at two spacings at each site and with two methods of establishment (sowing and planting). Differences between provenances were established as regards germination, survival, occurrence of prolepsis and some blanching characteristic. Inland pines were less well adapted to coastal conditions than were coastal pines to inland environment. Different methods were demonstrated.
Доп.точки доступа:
Gustafsson, A.
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Аннотация: Stands of Scots pine along the south-eastern coast of Sweden differ from inland stands at the same latitude as regards frequency of trees with broad crowns and crooked stems. In oder to investigate the nature and extent of the differences, a provenance trial was established with material of coastal and inland origin. The experimental design involved testings at two sites (coastal and inland), at two spacings at each site and with two methods of establishment (sowing and planting). Differences between provenances were established as regards germination, survival, occurrence of prolepsis and some blanching characteristic. Inland pines were less well adapted to coastal conditions than were coastal pines to inland environment. Different methods were demonstrated.
Доп.точки доступа:
Gustafsson, A.
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06
S92
S92
Flowering in a clone trial of Picea abies Karst.
[Text] : научное издание / G. Eriksson, A. Jonsson, D. Lindgren. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1973. - 45 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 110). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 44-45. - ISBN 91-38-01694-X : 0.90 р.
Аннотация: The study was performed in a clone traial of Picea abies. Based on the data from this investigation it will be possible to estimate the gene contribution of the individual clones to the filial generation. A phenological study of the clones is also of importance for the composition of the second generation seed orchards if they will be built up by clones from the first generation seed orchards. It was pointed out that the effective number of clones in a seed orchard was lower than the real one depending on variation in fertility and the moment of the flowering. Differences concerning male and female flowering also contribute to a reduction of the effective numbers of clones.
Доп.точки доступа:
Jonsson, A.; Lindgren, D.
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Аннотация: The study was performed in a clone traial of Picea abies. Based on the data from this investigation it will be possible to estimate the gene contribution of the individual clones to the filial generation. A phenological study of the clones is also of importance for the composition of the second generation seed orchards if they will be built up by clones from the first generation seed orchards. It was pointed out that the effective number of clones in a seed orchard was lower than the real one depending on variation in fertility and the moment of the flowering. Differences concerning male and female flowering also contribute to a reduction of the effective numbers of clones.
Доп.точки доступа:
Jonsson, A.; Lindgren, D.
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06
S92
S92
Seed development after self-pollination and cross-pollination of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L.
[Text] = Froutveckling efter sjalvpollinering och korspollinering av tall, Pinus silvestris L. : научное издание / C.P. Forshell. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1974. - 37 p. : рис., табл. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; № 118). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 36-37. - ISBN 91-38-01972-8 : 0.50 р.
Аннотация: The development of pollen tubes and ovules and the formtion of embryos and endosperm after different types of pollination: self-pollination, cross-pollination and wind-pollination were studied in ten clones of Pinus silvestris. Pollination and fertilization took place in all types of pollination. At a certain stage of development, however, embryos in some seeds began to degenerate. This degeneration was followed by a breaking down of the endosperm and resulted in empty seeds. The percentage of degenerated seeds was highest after self-pollination, considerably lower after wind-pollination. The results indicate that inviable zygotes, homozygous for lethal or sub-lethal genes, are formed after self-pollination and explain the high percentage of empty seeds usually found after this type of pollination. Wind-pollination may to some extent involve self-pollination. No clone was found to be quite self-sterile, but the differences in self-fertility between the clones were rather great.
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Аннотация: The development of pollen tubes and ovules and the formtion of embryos and endosperm after different types of pollination: self-pollination, cross-pollination and wind-pollination were studied in ten clones of Pinus silvestris. Pollination and fertilization took place in all types of pollination. At a certain stage of development, however, embryos in some seeds began to degenerate. This degeneration was followed by a breaking down of the endosperm and resulted in empty seeds. The percentage of degenerated seeds was highest after self-pollination, considerably lower after wind-pollination. The results indicate that inviable zygotes, homozygous for lethal or sub-lethal genes, are formed after self-pollination and explain the high percentage of empty seeds usually found after this type of pollination. Wind-pollination may to some extent involve self-pollination. No clone was found to be quite self-sterile, but the differences in self-fertility between the clones were rather great.
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06
S92
S92
Ultrastructural changes in seeds of Pinus sylvestris L. during senescence
[Text] = Forandringar i ultrastrukturen hos fron av Pinus sylvestris L. under aldrande : научное издание / L.K. Simola. - Stockholm : Skogshogskolan, 1974. - 22 p. : рис. - (Studia Forestalia Suecica, ISSN 0039-3150 ; 119). - eng. - Библиогр.: с. 13. - ISBN 91-38-02082-3 : 0.50 р.
Аннотация: The ultrastructure of three parts (endosperm, rootlets and cotyledons) of aged seeds of Pinis sylvestris L. has been studied. In dry seeds no clear differences resulting from ageing are seen as compared with resting living cells, but during inbibition clear differences are evident. Inhibition of development of the DNA-containing structures, mitochondria and plastids, was the first indication of senescence. Lypolysis usually preceded proteolysis, in contrast to the course of events in living cells.
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Аннотация: The ultrastructure of three parts (endosperm, rootlets and cotyledons) of aged seeds of Pinis sylvestris L. has been studied. In dry seeds no clear differences resulting from ageing are seen as compared with resting living cells, but during inbibition clear differences are evident. Inhibition of development of the DNA-containing structures, mitochondria and plastids, was the first indication of senescence. Lypolysis usually preceded proteolysis, in contrast to the course of events in living cells.
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