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Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания : А.с. 1585326!-996518
Автор(ы) : Саубенова М.Г., Мухамедиева У.С., Хмелевская Л.К., Печуркин Н.С., Фуряева А.Ф., Тушкова Г.И.
Заглавие : Способ получения биомассы .-
Выходные данные : Б.м.,Б.г.
Коллективы : Ин-т микробиол. и вирусол. АН КазССР
Цена : Б.ц.
ГРНТИ : 62.13.31
Предметные рубрики: БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ
БИОМАССА
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ
СПОСОБ
TRICHOSPORON CUTANEUM
LACTOBACTERIUM PENTOACETICUM
КУЛЬТИВИРОВАНИЕ
СОВМЕСТНОЕ
СМЕШАННЫЕ СРЕДЫ
BIOTECHNOLOGY
BIOMASS
CULTURE
NUTRIENT MEDIUM
Аннотация: Изобретение относится к биотехнологии и представляет собой способ получения биомассы на гидролизных средах. Цель изобретения - повышение выхода биомассы. Биомассу получают путем культивирования на пентозных, гексозных и смешанных средах консорциума дрожжей Trichosporon cutaneum ЦМПМ У-437 и бактерий Lactobacterium pentoaceticum ЦМПМ В-1622, полученного путем взаимной адаптации микроорганизмов к продуцируемым метаболитам с последующей автоселекцией смешанной симбиотической культуры в непрерывных условиях культивирования
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova, Tatiana G., Kiselev, Evgeniy G., Demidenko, Alexey V., Zhila, Natalia O., Nemtsev, Ivan V., Lukyanenko, Anna V.
Заглавие : Production and Properties of Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates Synthesized from Hydrolysates of Jerusalem Artichoke Tubers and Vegetative Biomass
Колич.характеристики :25 с
Коллективы : Project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" [075-15-2021-626]; State Assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [FSRZ-2020-0006]
Место публикации : Polymers: MDPI, 2022. - Vol. 14, Is. 1. - Ст.132. - ISSN 2073-4360(eISSN), DOI 10.3390/polym14010132
Примечания : Cited References:93. - This study was financially supported by Project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" (Agreement No. 075-15-2021-626) in accordance with Resolution No. 220 of the Government of the Russian Federation of 9 April 2010, "On measures designed to attract leading scientists to the Russian institutions of higher learning" (polymer synthesis, properties), and by the State Assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation No. FSRZ-2020-0006 (films production, surface properties).
Предметные рубрики: GLUCOSE-UTILIZING STRAIN
RALSTONIA-EUTROPHA
ASPERGILLUS-NIGER
ACID
Аннотация: One of the major challenges in PHA biotechnology is optimization of biotechnological processes of the entire synthesis, mainly by using new inexpensive carbon substrates. A promising substrate for PHA synthesis may be the sugars extracted from the Jerusalem artichoke. In the present study, hydrolysates of Jerusalem artichoke (JA) tubers and vegetative biomass were produced and used as carbon substrate for PHA synthesis. The hydrolysis procedure (the combination of aqueous extraction and acid hydrolysis, process temperature and duration) influenced the content of reducing substances (RS), monosaccharide contents, and the fructose/glucose ratio. All types of hydrolysates tested as substrates for cultivation of three strains-C. necator B-10646 and R. eutropha B 5786 and B 8562-were suitable for PHA synthesis, producing different biomass concentrations and polymer contents. The most productive process, conducted in 12-L fermenters, was achieved on hydrolysates of JA tubers (X = 66.9 g/L, 82% PHA) and vegetative biomass (55.1 g/L and 62% PHA) produced by aqueous extraction of sugars at 80 degrees C followed by acid hydrolysis at 60 degrees C, using the most productive strain, C. necator B-10646. The effects of JA hydrolysates on physicochemical properties of PHAs were studied for the first time. P(3HB) specimens synthesized from the JA hydrolysates, regardless of the source (tubers or vegetative biomass), hydrolysis conditions, and PHA producing strain employed, exhibited the 100-120 degrees C difference between the T-melt and T-degr, prevailing of the crystalline phase over the amorphous one (C-x between 69 and 75%), and variations in weight average molecular weight (409-480) kDa. Supplementation of the culture medium of C. necator B-10646 grown on JA hydrolysates with potassium valerate and epsilon-caprolactone resulted in the synthesis of P(3HB-co-3HV) and P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymers that had decreased degrees of crystallinity and molecular weights, which influenced the porosity and surface roughness of polymer films prepared from them. The study shows that JA hydrolysates used as carbon source enabled productive synthesis of PHAs, comparable to synthesis from pure sugars. The next step is to scale up PHA synthesis from JA hydrolysates and conduct the feasibility study. The present study contributes to the solution of the critical problem of PHA biotechnology-finding widely available and inexpensive substrates.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev, Michail I., Makhrov, Alexander A., Baydarov, Ilia V., Safonova, Stanislava S., Golod, Viktor M., Alekseyev, Sergey S., Glushchenko, Larisa A., Rudchenko, Anastasia E., Karpov, Vladimir A., Sushchik, Nadezhda N.
Заглавие : Fatty Acid Composition and Contents of Fish of Genus Salvelinus from Natural Ecosystems and Aquaculture
Колич.характеристики :17 с
Место публикации : Biomolecules: MDPI, 2022. - Vol. 12, Is. 1. - Ст.144. - ISSN 2218-273X(eISSN), DOI 10.3390/biom12010144
Примечания : Cited References:82
Предметные рубрики: ALPINUS SALMONIDAE
MOLECULAR ACTIVITY
SEASONAL DYNAMICS
SYMPATRIC
Аннотация: Fatty acids (FA) of muscle tissue of Salvelinus species and its forms, S. alpinus, S. boganidae, S. drjagini, and S. fontinalis, from six Russian lakes and two aquacultures, were analyzed. Considerable variations in FA compositions and contents were found, including contents of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids (EPA and DHA), which are important indicators of fish nutritive value for humans. As found, contents of EPA+DHA (mg center dot g(-1) wet weight) in muscle tissue of Salvelinus species and forms varied more than tenfold. These differences were supposed to be primarily determined by phylogenetic factors, rather than ecological factors, including food. Two species, S. boganidae and S. drjagini, had the highest EPA+DHA contents in their biomass and thereby could be recommended as promising species for aquaculture to obtain production with especially high nutritive value. Basing on revealed differences in FA composition of wild and farmed fish, levels of 15-17-BFA (branched fatty acids), 18:2NMI (non-methylene interrupted), 20:2NMI, 20:4n-3, and 22:4n-3 fatty acids were recommended for verifying trade label information of fish products on shelves, as the biomarkers to differentiate wild and farmed charr.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zuev I. V., Andrushchenko P. Y., Zotina T. A.
Заглавие : Seasonal formation of annual rings on the scales of Baikal grayling inhabiting the middle reaches of the Yenisei River under altered temperature regime
Место публикации : Environ. Biol. Fishes: Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021. - Article in press. - ISSN 03781909 (ISSN), DOI 10.1007/s10641-021-01155-y
Аннотация: The seasonal formation of annual rings on the scales of Baikal grayling from the middle reaches of the Yenisei River has been studied to find out the reasons for the high growth rate of the grayling under altered temperature regime downstream of the dam of the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Plant. The number of circuli outside the last identified annuli and in the second, third, and fourth completed annuli was estimated on 569 fish caught during the annual cycle. The von Bertalanffy growth function was used to describe the increment in the number of circuli over a year. The calculation showed that a new annual ring was produced in July. In November, there was no statistically significant difference between the circulus number in scale increment and the circulus number in the corresponding completed annuli of older fish. Thus, despite the increased duration of the period with optimal water temperatures downstream of the dam of the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Plant, fish growth was observed in a limited period of the year, from July to November. The probable reason for the high growth rate of grayling in the study area is that the fish do not have to waste energy on seasonal migration to the tributaries. Taking into account that grayling biomass production in the middle Yenisei occurs from July to November, we can recommend shifting the dates of commercial fishing for grayling to the end of this period—November–December. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Scopus
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zuev, Ivan V., Andrushchenko, Pavel Yu., Zotina, Tatiana A.
Заглавие : Seasonal formation of annual rings on the scales of Baikal grayling inhabiting the middle reaches of the Yenisei River under altered temperature regime
Колич.характеристики :10 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Government of the Krasnoyarsk Territory; Krasnoyarsk Regional Scientific Foundation [20-44-240009]
Место публикации : Environ. Biol. Fishes: SPRINGER, 2021. - Article in press. - ISSN 0378-1909, DOI 10.1007/s10641-021-01155-y. - ISSN 1573-5133(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:40. - The research was supported by the grant of Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Government of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, and Krasnoyarsk Regional Scientific Foundation No. 20-44-240009.
Предметные рубрики: THYMALLUS-ARCTICUS
FLOW REGULATION
SOCKEYE-SALMON
SOMATIC GROWTH
Аннотация: The seasonal formation of annual rings on the scales of Baikal grayling from the middle reaches of the Yenisei River has been studied to find out the reasons for the high growth rate of the grayling under altered temperature regime downstream of the dam of the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Plant. The number of circuli outside the last identified annuli and in the second, third, and fourth completed annuli was estimated on 569 fish caught during the annual cycle. The von Bertalanffy growth function was used to describe the increment in the number of circuli over a year. The calculation showed that a new annual ring was produced in July. In November, there was no statistically significant difference between the circulus number in scale increment and the circulus number in the corresponding completed annuli of older fish. Thus, despite the increased duration of the period with optimal water temperatures downstream of the dam of the Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Plant, fish growth was observed in a limited period of the year, from July to November. The probable reason for the high growth rate of grayling in the study area is that the fish do not have to waste energy on seasonal migration to the tributaries. Taking into account that grayling biomass production in the middle Yenisei occurs from July to November, we can recommend shifting the dates of commercial fishing for grayling to the end of this period-November-December.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Chertoprud M. V., Krylenko S. V., Lukinych A. I., Glazov P. M., Dubovskaya O. P., Chertoprud E. S.
Заглавие : Specific Features of the Macrozoobenthic Communities of Small Arctic Lakes in Eurasia
Колич.характеристики :14 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [20-04-00145]; Meeresenten project (Bundesamt fur Naturschutz, BfN) [100308472]; Federal Agency for Nature Protection of Germany (Conservation Bundesamtfur Naturschutz, BfN), grant MEERESENTEN [3516821500]; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA); Research Council of NorwayResearch Council of Norway [227024, 246726]; Basic Research Program of the Russian Federation [51.1.1]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to the Siberian Federal University [FSRZ-2020-0006]; [AAAA-A19119021990093-8]
Место публикации : Inland Water Biol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 4. - С. 401-414. - ISSN 1995-0829, DOI 10.1134/S1995082921030056. - ISSN 1995-0837(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:58. - The primary processing of the material and statistical analysis of the data were carried out with financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project No. 20-04-00145). Field works on Kolguev Island were sup-ported by the Meeresenten project (Bundesamt fur Naturschutz, BfN; online ID 100308472), the Federal Agency for Nature Protection of Germany (Conservation Bundesamtfur Naturschutz, BfN), grant MEERESENTEN (3516821500), and State assignment.AAAA-A19119021990093-8; works on Svalbard were funded by the Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) and Research Council of Norway, projects no. 227024 and 246726. Research on the Putorana Plateau was supported by a state task as part of the Basic Research Program of the Russian Federation, topic no. 51.1.1, and the State Assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to the Siberian Federal University, project no. FSRZ-2020-0006.
Предметные рубрики: WATER BODIES
ECOSYSTEMS
ZOOBENTHOS
RECOVERY
SVALBARD
IMPACT
PONDS
Аннотация: The taxonomic structure, typology, species richness, and total abundance of bentic and littoral macroinvertebrate communities from small lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic zones are considered on the basis of original data from three northern Palearctic regions (the foot of the Putorana Plateau, Kolguev Island, and Western Svalbard Island). A comparative analysis of the communities of these regions has been carried out. The features of High Arctic insular, Low Arctic, subarctic, and boreal lake communities are discussed using a large volume of literature data. The complex pattern of changes in the total benthos biomass of small lakes has been revealed: it decreases in the subarctic taiga, increases in the hypoarctic tundra, and decreases again in the High Arctic.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Dubovskaya O. P., Yolgina O. E., Morozova I. I.
Заглавие : Zooplankton of Lake Pyasino and the Rivers Flowing into It after the Diesel Spill in 2020
Колич.характеристики :11 с
Коллективы : Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of Sciences [223-EP-2020/07]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 4. - С. 380-390. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S199542552104003X. - ISSN 1995-4263(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:35. - This work was supported by economic agreement no. 223-EP-2020/07 with the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Предметные рубрики: NONPREDATORY MORTALITY
OIL-SPILLS
RECORDS
BASIN
STATE
Аннотация: At the beginning of August, 2 months after 20 000 t of diesel fuel spilled into the Bezymyanny Stream (which took it out to the Daldykan and Ambarnaya rivers), the large Norilsk expedition of the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, sampled net zooplankton at 13 stations located in both sections of these rivers and Lake Pyasino with the Pyasina River outflowing from it. A comparative analysis of the species composition, abundance, biomass, and saprobity index of zooplankton at these stations has been carried out. The productions of rotifer and crustacean zooplankton and potential production of planktivorous fish in Lake Pyasino have been calculated. Based on the state of zooplankton, a gradual improvement in water quality has been observed from river areas exposed to the oil products to the northern part of the lake and the River Pyasina outflow. The low abundance and biomass of zooplankton in the lake (43 800 +/- 17 550 ind./m(3), 112.8 +/- 26.2 mg/m(3), on average) due to the dominance of rotifers (Ploesoma truncatum (Levander), Bipalpus hudsoni (Imhof), and Conochilus unicornis Rousselet) resulted in low values of zooplankton production and the potential production of planktivorous fish (0.85 kg/ha per season).
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shulepina S. P., Dubovskaya O. P., Glushchenko L. A.
Заглавие : Zoobenthos of Lake Pyasino and the Rivers Flowing into It after the Diesel Spill of 2020
Колич.характеристики :8 с
Коллективы : Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of Sciences [223-EP-2020/07]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 4. - С. 391-398. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S1995425521040077. - ISSN 1995-4263(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:32. - This work was supported by the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, contract no. 223-EP-2020/07.
Предметные рубрики: CRUDE-OIL SPILL
Аннотация: The species composition and quantitative characteristics of the zoobenthos in Lake Pyasino and rivers flowing into it after a diesel spill have been analyzed. The production of zoobenthos and potential production of benthivorous fish in Lake Pyasino have been calculated. A small number of zoobenthos species and low values of abundance and biomass are revealed. In the Bezymyanny Stream, the mouth of the Daldykan River, and the Ambarnaya River, oligochaetes Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparede and Tubifex tubifex (O. F. Muller) dominate in the zoobenthos abundance and biomass. In Lake Pyasino and the Pyasina River outflow, larvae of caddis flies, chironomids, stoneflies, and amphipods prevail. In the area of the deepwater silted station of Lake Pyasino, oligochaetes L.hoffmeisteri develop, the proportion of which in the benthic fauna at this station (40 and 79% of the total biomass and abundance, respectively) is maximal. The amphipod Monoporeia affinis (Lindstrom) dominates in terms of biomass at this station. A decrease in the chironomid diversity, an increase in the proportion of polysaprobic oligochaetes, and lower values of the Shannon index in Lake Pyasino in 2020 when compared to 1992 are found. The low abundance (2181 +/- 2048 ind./m(2)) and biomass (2.01 +/- 1.85 g/m(2)) of zoobenthos in the lake results in low values of zoobenthos production and the potential production of benthivorous fish (3 kg/ha per season). Based on the state of zoobenthos, an improvement in water quality has been observed from river sections exposed to the oil spill to the lake and the source of the River Pyasina.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gusakov, Vladimir A., Makhutova, Olesia N., Gladyshev, Michail I., Golovatyuk L. V., Zinchenko, Tatiana D.
Заглавие : Ecological Role of Cyprideis torosa and Heterocypris salina (Crustacea, Ostracoda) in Saline Rivers of the Lake Elton Basin: Abundance, Biomass, Production, Fatty Acids
Колич.характеристики :16 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [13-04-00740, 15-04-03341, 17-04-00135]; Russian FederationRussian Federation [51.1.1]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [FSRZ-2020-0006]
Место публикации : Zool. Stud.: BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH CENTER, ACAD SINICA, 2021. - Vol. 60. - Ст.53. - ISSN 1021-5506, DOI 10.6620/ZS.2021.60-53. - ISSN 1810-522X(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:84. - This research was performed in the framework of State Assignments No. 121051100109-1 and AAAA-A17-117112040039-7, and it was also supported by the grants from Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) (projects numbers 13-04-00740, 15-04-03341, 17-04-00135), State Assignment within the framework of the basic research program of the Russian Federation (topic No. 51.1.1), State Assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to Siberian Federal University in 2020 (project No. FSRZ-2020-0006 "Biologically active substances in environmental, biotechnological and medical systems"). The authors are grateful to Elena Krasova for linguistic check and improvements of the manuscript. We would also like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments, recommendations as well as extra corrections of the paper's language and style.
Предметные рубрики: JONES 1850 CRUSTACEA
MACROZOOBENTHIC COMMUNITIES
INVERTEBRATES
Аннотация: Saline rivers are highly productive ecosystems in arid regions. The meiobenthic community (bottom meiofauna) and its dominant representatives are one of the least studied components of these aquatic ecosystems. Ostracods Cyprideis torosa and Heterocypris salina are major consumers among the species of bottom meiofauna in saline rivers flowing into the hyperhaline Lake Elton (Volgograd Region, Russia). We estimated the abundance, biomass and production of C. torosa, the dominant species at the mouth of the polyhaline Chernavka River (average salinity is similar to 30 g l(-1)), and H. salina, the dominant species at the mouth of the mesohaline Bolshaya Samoroda River (similar to 13 g l(-1)), in spring (May) and summer (August). Additionally, we studied the composition and content of fatty acids of the ostracods and their potential food sources (bottom sediments with bacterial-algal mats). We found that the abundance and biomass (wet weight with shells) of C. torosa in the Chernavka River and H. salina in the Bolshaya Samoroda River reached 3.5 x 10(6) ind. m(-2) and 117 g m(-2), and 1.1 x 10(5) ind. m(-2) and 12 g m(-2), respectively. The first species formed on average about 85% of the total abundance and 96% of the total biomass of the meiobenthos, and the second one, about 13% and 31%, respectively. The daily production of C. torosa and H. salina can reach 249 and 36 mg m(-2) ash-free dry weight, respectively. The results indicate that these species may play an important role in the total flow of matter and energy in the studied habitats. Based on the fatty acid (FA) composition of the ostracods and their food sources, it was found that C. torosa mainly consumed diatoms, while H. salina preferred bacteria, cyanobacteria, and green algae. Differences between the species were greater than differences between the bottom sediments from the rivers. It may mean that the ostracods selectively consumed different food items that may be related to the different nutrient requirements of the species. Seasonal changes in the FA compositions of the ostracods were higher than in their food sources (bottom sediments), which also indicates selective feeding of the species.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Purtov, K., V, Petushkov V. N., Rodionova N. S., Chepurnykh, T., V, Kozhemyako V. B., Zagitova, R., I, Shcheglov A. S., Ziganshin R. H., Tsarkova A. S.
Заглавие : SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE CHAETOPTERUS VARIOPEDATUS POLYCHAETE LUCIFERASES DEPENDING ON THE TYPE OF HABITAT
Колич.характеристики :6 с
Место публикации : Bull. Russ. State Med. Univ.: PIROGOV RUSSIAN NATL RESEARCH MEDICAL UNIV, 2021. - Is. 5. - С. 41-46. - ISSN 2500-1094, DOI 10.24075/vrgmu.2021.049. - ISSN 2542-1204(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:20
Предметные рубрики: BIOLUMINESCENCE
ANNELIDA
SYSTEM
Аннотация: The marine polychaete Chaetopterus variopedatus (Renier) (family Chaetopteridae) is a cosmopolitan species complex, consisting of distinct populations/subspecies. The worms release glowing (460 nm) clouds of mucus when disturbed, and their parapodia often glow brightly. Currently, it is still unclear how exactly the bioluminescence system of these polychaetes functions. It has been previously assumed that the C. variopedatus luciferase may be used for detection of ferroptosis, the recently explored pathway of programmed cell death, resulting from accumulation of the ferrous ions. This study was aimed to extract and characterize the C. variopedatus luciferases, as well as to compare luciferases obtained from C. variopedatus of different populations. When extracting the enzyme responsible for bioluminescence from the frozen samples of Brazilian C. variopedatus using the improved method, two active luciferases, L1 and L2, were obtained. We assumed that one of the listed above luciferases was responsible for luminescence of the mucus and the other luciferase was responsible for luminescence in parapodia, and used the method for the distinct samples of mucus and parapodia of the living Far Eastern C. variopedatus. However, mucus of the latter turned out to be non-glowing. It is shown that luciferase L2 is responsible for luminescence in the parapodia of the C. variopedatus polychaete, since this luciferase has been found in the total biomass of Brazilian polychaetes and parapodia of Far Eastern polychaetes. Luminescence of the Brazilian C. variopedatus mucus is attributed to the functioning of luciferase L1, which is lacking in the mucus of the Far Eastern subspecies. The range of luciferase isoforms in polychaetes C. variopedatus depends on the place of origin.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Feniova, I. Yu, Sakharova E. G., Gladyshev, M., I, Sushchik N. N., Gorelysheva, Z., I, Karpowicz M.
Заглавие : Effect of Fish on the Transfer Efficiency of Carbon, PUFA, and Nutrients from Phytoplankton to Zooplankton under Eutrophic Conditions
Колич.характеристики :14 с
Коллективы : National Science Center of PolandNational Science Centre, Poland [UMO-506 2016/21/B/NZ8/00434]; Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [18-54-00002 Bel_a]; Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research (BRFFR) [B18R-004]; Russian Science FoundationRussian Science Foundation (RSF) [16-14-10323]; [AAAA-A18-118012690096-1]
Место публикации : Biol. Bull: PLEIADES PUBLISHING INC, 2021. - Vol. 48, Is. 8. - С. 1284-1297. - ISSN 1062-3590, DOI 10.1134/S1062359021080070. - ISSN 1608-3059(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:49. - Experiments and collection of biological material were supported by the National Science Center of Poland (project no. UMO-506 2016/21/B/NZ8/00434). Processing of phytoplankton samples was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-54-00002 Bel_a); processing of zooplankton samples and their analysis were carried out with the financial support of the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Basic Research (BRFFR no. B18R-004); statistical processing and analysis of data were performed under government contract no. AAAA-A18-118012690096-1; and interpretation of the results, data analysis, and preparation of materials for publication, were done with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 16-14-10323).
Предметные рубрики: FATTY-ACIDS
FOOD QUALITY
FRESH-WATER
ZEBRA MUSSELS
DAPHNIA
Аннотация: The efficiency of the transfer of carbon, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), nitrogen, and phosphorus from phytoplankton to zooplankton determines the functioning of the entire ecosystem. However, this parameter depends on environmental conditions. Fish as a very important factor regulating planktonic communities very likely affect the efficiency of the transfer of basic elements and substances from phytoplankton to zooplankton. In experimental mesocosms filled with water from a eutrophic lake and containing phyto- and zooplankton, we investigated how fish affect both primary and secondary production and the efficiency of transfer of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, PUFA, and fatty acids (FAs) from phytoplankton to zooplankton. Two treatments (control and fish treatment) were repeated in three replicates. The transfer efficiency of substances from phytoplankton to zooplankton was measured as the ratio of secondary production to primary production expressed per L and per unit of biomass. The efficiency expressed per L characterizes the productivity of the water body, while the efficiency expressed per unit of biomass indicates the effectiveness of aquatic species to transfer biologically valuable substances from one trophic level to another. We found that phytoplankton-zooplankton-fish interface is determined not only by predator-prey relationships, but are also affected by the quality of both phytoplankton and zooplankton in terms of contents of phosphorus, nitrogen, PUFA, and FAs in their biomass. We showed that, in the presence of fish, the transfer efficiency of carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and FAs per unit of biomass from phytoplankton to zooplankton was increased twofold, 12.4-fold, 2.5-fold, 12.4-fold, 7.4-fold, and tenfold, respectively, relative to the control. This facilitates sustainable functioning of the ecosystem under fish pressure. Such a mechanism prevents zooplankton over-exploitation by fish and enlarges the food chain.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gusakov V. A., Makhutova O. N., Gladyshev M. I., Golovatyuk L. V., Zinchenko T. D.
Заглавие : Ecological role of cyprideis torosa and heterocypris salina (Crustacea, ostracoda) in saline rivers of the lake elton basin: Abundance, biomass, production, fatty acids
Место публикации : Zool. Stud.: Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, 2021. - Vol. 60. - С. 60-53. - ISSN 10215506 (ISSN), DOI 10.6620/ZS.2021.60-53
Аннотация: Saline rivers are highly productive ecosystems in arid regions. The meiobenthic community (bottom meiofauna) and its dominant representatives are one of the least studied components of these aquatic ecosystems. Ostracods Cyprideis torosa and Heterocypris salina are major consumers among the species of bottom meiofauna in saline rivers flowing into the hyperhaline Lake Elton (Volgograd Region, Russia). We estimated the abundance, biomass and production of C. torosa, the dominant species at the mouth of the polyhaline Chernavka River (average salinity is ~30 g l-1), and H. salina, the dominant species at the mouth of the mesohaline Bolshaya Samoroda River (~13 g l-1), in spring (May) and summer (August). Additionally, we studied the composition and content of fatty acids of the ostracods and their potential food sources (bottom sediments with bacterial-algal mats). We found that the abundance and biomass (wet weight with shells) of C. torosa in the Chernavka River and H. salina in the Bolshaya Samoroda River reached 3.5 ? 106 ind. m-2 and 117 g m-2, and 1.1 ? 105 ind. m-2 and 12 g m-2, respectively. The first species formed on average about 85% of the total abundance and 96% of the total biomass of the meiobenthos, and the second one, about 13% and 31%, respectively. The daily production of C. torosa and H. salina can reach 249 and 36 mg m-2 ash-free dry weight, respectively. The results indicate that these species may play an important role in the total flow of matter and energy in the studied habitats. Based on the fatty acid (FA) composition of the ostracods and their food sources, it was found that C. torosa mainly consumed diatoms, while H. salina preferred bacteria, cyanobacteria, and green algae. Differences between the species were greater than differences between the bottom sediments from the rivers. It may mean that the ostracods selectively consumed different food items that may be related to the different nutrient requirements of the species. Seasonal changes in the FA compositions of the ostracods were higher than in their food sources (bottom sediments), which also indicates selective feeding of the species. © 2021 Academia Sinica, Taiwan.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pavlova A. M., Gaevskii N. A., Anishchenko O. V., Tikhomirova N. A., Tikhomirov A. A.
Заглавие : Influence of NaCl on Productivity and Fluorescence Parameters of Nasturtium officinale R. Br. and Its Relevance to Artificial Closed Ecosystems
Колич.характеристики :13 с
Коллективы : fundamental research program of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of Sciences [56.1.4]
Место публикации : Russ. J. Plant Physiol.: PLEIADES PUBLISHING INC, 2021. - Vol. 68, Is. 6. - С. 1173-1185. - ISSN 1021-4437, DOI 10.1134/S1021443721050137. - ISSN 1608-3407(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:27. - This work was supported by the fundamental research program of the Russian Academy of Sciences for 2013-2020, project no. 56.1.4 Sustainability of Higher Plant Cenoses Grown on Nutrient Media with Mineralized Organic Waste in Closed Human-Inhabited Ecological Systems.
Предметные рубрики: CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE
SALT STRESS
TOLERANCE
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Аннотация: Productivity values, sodium accumulation in aboveground biomass, and photosynthetic indices of watercress (Nasturtium officinale) leaves were investigated under conditions resembling artificial closed ecological systems (CES). The seedlings were grown on nutrient media with various NaCl concentrations (0.7, 1.4, and 1.8 g/L) for 7, 14, and 19 days after transferring them to saline solutions. The productivity of plants on the seventh day of their growth on saline media did not differ from that of control plants. The decrease in plant productivity was noted in all the treatments starting from the 14th day after transferring the plants to saline solutions. When NaCl concentration in the nutrient solution was raised from 0.7 to 1.8 g/L, a significant increase in relative Na+ content in plant tissues was observed, regardless of the duration of NaCl treatment. A substantial decrease in chlorophyll (a + b) to carotenoid content ratio was noted on the seventh and 14th days in plants grown at 1.8 g/L NaCl. In plants treated for 7 days with 0.7 and 1.4 g/L NaCl, the content of chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids was found to increase, which indicates the tolerance of N. officinale to CES conditions. The relative content of chlorophylls a and b in the light-harvesting chlorophyll (a + b) complex was independent of the extent of salinity. The maximum quantum yield of photosystem II reaction in N. officinale plants had typically high values (Y(II)(max) of 0.755 +/- 0.007). Using the Imaging Maxi version of the pulse amplitude-modulated (PAM) fluorometer, it was found that light curves for the effective quantum yield of photochemical and nonphotochemical fluorescence quenching (Y(II) and Y(NPQ), respectively) differed appreciably between the salt-treated and untreated plants in the case of long-term cultivation (19 days) at 0.7 and 1.4 g/L NaCl. The treatment with 1.8 g/L NaCl for the period from 14 to 19 days had no effect on light curves of Y(II) and Y(NPQ). It is argued that N. officinale can be used as a source of NaCl for humans under CES conditions.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Feniova, Irina Yu, Karpowicz, Maciej, Gladyshev, Michail I., Sushchik, Nadezhda N., Petrosyan, Varos G., Sakharova, Ekaterina G., Dzialowski, Andrew R.
Заглавие : Effects of Macrobiota on the Transfer Efficiency of Essential Elements and Fatty Acids From Phytoplankton to Zooplankton Under Eutrophic Conditions
Колич.характеристики :15 с
Коллективы : Polish National Science Centre [2016/21/B/NZ8/00434]; Russian Science FoundationRussian Science Foundation (RSF) [21-14-00123]; Federal Tasks for Institute of Biophysics SB RAS [51.1.1]; Federal Tasks for Siberian Federal University [FSRG-2020-0019]; Polish National Agency for Academic ExchangePolish National Agency for Academic Exchange (NAWA) [PPN/ULM/2020/1/00258/U/DRAFT/00001]
Место публикации : Front. Environ. Sci.: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2021. - Vol. 9. - Ст.739014. - ISSN 2296-665X(eISSN), DOI 10.3389/fenvs.2021.739014
Примечания : Cited References:76. - This experiment was performed with support from the Polish National Science Centre (2016/21/B/NZ8/00434). The statistical analysis and its interpretation was performed with support from the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 21-14-00123). Biochemical analyses were performed with support by Federal Tasks for Institute of Biophysics SB RAS No. 51.1.1 and Federal Tasks for Siberian Federal University No. FSRG-2020-0019. The preparation of the manuscript by Feniova I. was supported by the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (Agreement No. PPN/ULM/2020/1/00258/U/DRAFT/00001).
Предметные рубрики: FRESH-WATER ZOOPLANKTON
DAPHNIA-LONGISPINA
ZEBRA MUSSELS
Аннотация: The transfer pathways of organic matter and elements from phytoplankton to zooplankton in freshwater ecosystems are important for understanding how aquatic ecosystems function. We conducted a mesocosm experiment to determine how fish and zebra mussels altered the transfer efficiencies of essential substances including carbon (C), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), total fatty acids (FAs), phosphorus (P), and nitrogen (N) from phytoplankton to zooplankton. We assessed the transfer efficiencies of the essential substances from phytoplankton to zooplankton as the ratio of their zooplankton production (P) per unit of biomass (B) to that of phytoplankton to exclude grazing or predation effects. We hypothesized that zebra mussels and fish would affect the transfer of materials from phytoplankton to zooplankton by altering the contents of essential elements and FAs in phytoplankton and zooplankton communities and/or due to shifts in the planktonic community structure mediated by grazing and/or predation. Fish increased the transfer efficiencies of eicosapentaenoic acid 20:5 omega-3 (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid 22:6 omega-3 (DHA), and P relative to the control. We speculated that fish weakened the control of zooplankton over algal assemblage by selectively feeding on larger cladocerans such as Daphnia. Therefore, fish can increase the relative proportion of high-quality food for zooplankton, improving food conditions for the available zooplankton. In contrast, zebra mussels reduced the transfer efficiencies of EPA and DHA relative to the control treatment likely due to competition with zooplankton for PUFA-rich food particles. However, zebra mussels did not have any impact on the transfer efficiencies of C, total FAs, N, and P. EPA, DHA, and P were transferred more efficiently than C from phytoplankton to zooplankton, while total FAs, which are commonly used as an energetic source, were transferred as efficiently as C. The enrichment of consumers with the most important substances relative to their basal food sources creates the potential for the successful transport of these substances across aquatic trophic webs./p
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kravchuk E. S., Kotovshchikov A. V., Ivanova E. A.
Заглавие : Phytoplankton and Phytoperiphyton Characteristics of Lake Pyasino and Its Tributaries after an Accidental Fuel Spill in 2020
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Коллективы : Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of Sciences [223-EP-2020/07]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 4. - С. 368-379. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S1995425521040065. - ISSN 1995-4263(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:30. - The study was supported by economic agreement no. 223-EP-2020/07 with the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Предметные рубрики: OIL-SPILLS
Аннотация: An assessment of the species composition, abundance, biomass, and pigment characteristics of phytoperiphyton and phytoplankton of Lake Pyasino, its tributaries (Bezymyannyi Stream, Daldykan, Ambarnaya, and Norilskaya rivers), and the head of the Pyasina River has been carried out after a manmade accident (a diesel-fuel spill near the city of Norilsk in May 2020). A significant decline in the biomass and changes in the species composition of phytoperiphyton after the water was contaminated by fuel is revealed only near the spillage site (in the Daldykan River and the Ambarnaya River downstream the mouth of the Daldykan). Downstream, in the Ambarnaya mouth zone, as a response to the release of a large amount of nutrients during the decomposition of fuel products and dead organisms, as well as the mechanical cleaning of the bank line, there has been a massive growth of diatom and green algae (Tabularia tabulata, Spirogyra sp.) in the water column and the appearance of indicators of organic pollution (Euglenophyceae and Cryptophyceae). No significant changes in the plankton of Lake Pyasino and the Pyasina River in comparison with the data obtained in the second half of the 20th century (i.e., long before the accident) are found. Species composition and quantitative features, as well as amount and ratio of pigments, characterized the phytoplankton and phytoperiphyton of Lake Pyasino and the Pyasina River as a normally functioning freshwater community of oligotrophic waters. All this indicates the absence of a negative impact of the accidental fuel spill on the ecosystem of Lake Pyasino and the Pyasina River.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Neubauer, Darshan, Kolmakova, Olesya, Woodhouse, Jason, Taube, Robert, Mangelsdorf, Kai, Gladyshev, Michail, Premke, Katrin, Grossart, Hans-Peter
Заглавие : Zooplankton carcasses stimulate microbial turnover of allochthonous particulate organic matter
Колич.характеристики :16 с
Коллективы : Projekt DEAL
Место публикации : ISME J.: SPRINGERNATURE, 2021. - Article in press. - ISSN 1751-7362, DOI 10.1038/s41396-020-00883-w. - ISSN 1751-7370(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:83. - Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Предметные рубрики: FRESH-WATER
SEASONAL-CHANGES
CARBON
LAKE
DECOMPOSITION
DEGRADATION
Аннотация: Carbon turnover in aquatic environments is dependent on biochemical properties of organic matter (OM) and its degradability by the surrounding microbial community. Non-additive interactive effects represent a mechanism where the degradation of biochemically persistent OM is stimulated by the provision of bioavailable OM to the degrading microbial community. Whilst this is well established in terrestrial systems, whether it occurs in aquatic ecosystems remains subject to debate. We hypothesised that OM from zooplankton carcasses can stimulate the degradation of biochemically persistent leaf material, and that this effect is influenced by the daphnia:leaf OM ratio and the complexity of the degrading microbial community. Fresh Daphnia magna carcasses and C-13-labelled maize leaves (Zea mays) were incubated at different ratios (1:1, 1:3 and 1:5) alongside either a complex microbial community (50 mu m) or solely bacteria (0.8 mu m). C-13 stable-isotope measurements of CO2 analyses were combined with phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis and DNA sequencing to link metabolic activities, biomass and taxonomic composition of the microbial community. Our experiments indicated a significantly higher respiration of leaf-derived C when daphnia-derived OM was most abundant (i.e. daphnia:leaf OM ratio of 1:1). This process was stronger in a complex microbial community, including eukaryotic microorganisms, than a solely bacterial community. We concluded that non-additive interactive effects were a function of increased C-N chemodiversity and microbial complexity, with the highest net respiration to be expected when chemodiversity is high and the degrading community complex. This study indicates that identifying the interactions and processes of OM degradation is one important key for a deeper understanding of aquatic and thus global carbon cycle.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Diaz-De-Quijano D., Vladimirovich Ageev A., Anatolevna Ivanova E., Valerevna Anishchenko O.
Заглавие : Winter atmospheric nutrient and pollutant deposition on Western Sayan Mountain lakes (Siberia)
Место публикации : Biogeosciences: Copernicus GmbH, 2021. - Vol. 18, Is. 5. - С. 1601-1618. - ISSN 17264170 (ISSN), DOI 10.5194/bg-18-1601-2021
Аннотация: The world map of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen deposition and its effects on natural ecosystems is not described with equal precision everywhere. In this paper, we report atmospheric nutrient, sulfate and spheroidal carbonaceous particle (SCP) deposition rates, based on snowpack analyses of a formerly unexplored Siberian mountain region. Then, we discuss their potential effects on lake phytoplankton biomass limitation. We estimate that the nutrient depositions observed in the late-season snowpack (4016 mgNO3-Nm2 and 0.580.13 mg TP-Pm2; TP for total phosphorous) would correspond to yearly depositions lower than 11971 mgNO3-Nm2 yr1 and higher than 1.710.91 mg TP-Pm2 yr1. These yearly deposition estimates would approximately fit the predictions of global deposition models and correspond to the very low nutrient deposition range, although they are still higher than world background values. In spite of the fact that such a low atmospheric nitrogen deposition rate would be enough to induce nitrogen limitation in unproductive mountain lakes, phosphorus deposition was also extremely low, and the resulting lake water N: P ratio was unaffected by atmospheric nutrient deposition. In the end, the studied lakes' phytoplankton appeared to be split between phosphorus and nitrogen limitation. We conclude that these pristine lakes are fragile sensitive systems exposed to the predicted climate warming, increased winter precipitation, enhanced forest fires and shifts in anthropogenic nitrogen emissions that could finally couple their water chemistry to that of atmospheric nutrient deposition and unlock temperature-inhibited responses of phytoplankton to nutrient shifts. © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Feniova I. Y., Sakharova E. G., Buseva Z. F., Gladyshev M. I., Sushchik N. N., Gorelysheva Z. I., Karpowicz M., Semenchenko V. P.
Заглавие : Efficiency of Transfer of Essential Substances from Phytoplankton to Planktonic Crustaceans in Mesotrophic Conditions
Место публикации : Inland Water Biol.: Pleiades journals, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 1. - С. 49-59. - ISSN 19950829 (ISSN), DOI 10.1134/S1995082920040033
Аннотация: Abstract: We assessed the efficiency of the transfer of essential substances (carbon, phosphorus, nitrogen, and fatty acids (FA), including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)) from phytoplankton to planktonic crustaceans in experimental mesocosms in the presence and absence of fish. The experiments were conducted under mesotrophic conditions in 300 L mesocosms. We have found that transfer efficiencies from producers to consumers are different for different substances. In particular, FA, including PUFAs, are transferred less efficiently than carbon. In contrast, the efficiency of nutrient transfer, especially phosphorus, is higher than that of carbon. This evidences that zooplankton can accumulate nutrients, increasing their quality as a resource for higher trophic levels. Fish significantly reduced the efficiency of carbon transfer from phytoplankton to zooplankton per unit of water volume, but did not affect the transfer of substances per unit of biomass. Thus, the quality of zooplankton as a food resource for higher trophic levels did not decrease in the presence of fish, despite the decline in the efficiency of the transfer of the essential substances per unit of water volume under their influence. Since the efficiency of essential substances transfered from phytoplankton to zooplankton determines the functioning of the entire trophic web, we should seek ways to increase it. © 2021, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zotina T., Dementyev D., Alexandrova Y.
Заглавие : Long-term trends and speciation of artificial radionuclides in two submerged macrophytes of the Yenisei River: A comparative study of Potamogeton lucens and Fontinalis antipyretica
Место публикации : J. Environ. Radioact.: Elsevier Ltd, 2021. - Vol. 227. - Ст.106461. - ISSN 0265931X (ISSN), DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106461
Аннотация: Long-term trends of artificial radionuclides, from 2003 to 2018, in two abundant species of macrophytes, shining pondweed, Potamogeton lucens, and water moss, Fontinalis antipyretica, have been analyzed to estimate the indicative reliability of these two species as biomonitors of radioactive contamination in a river system and to quantify the decrease in the content of artificial radionuclides in the Yenisei River. Time-dependent trends of artificial radionuclides in the biomass of these species were similar, resulting in estimates of effective half-lives for 54Mn, 58Co, 60Co, 65Zn, 137Cs, and 152Eu similar for both species. Concentrations of artificial radionuclides in biomass of shining pondweed and water moss correlated with annual discharges of the radionuclides to the Yenisei at different levels of significance, and the strongest (R2 > 0.7) positive correlation (p < 0.05) was obtained for 60Co, 65Zn, and 152Eu. Concentrations of 60Co, 137Cs, and 152Eu in water moss were 2–7.5 times higher than in shining pondweed, and considerable percentages of those isotopes were recorded in extracellular particulate matter, which was largely represented by epiphytic diatoms. Higher concentrations of artificial radionuclides in the biomass of water moss can be considered as an advantage of water moss as a monitor of radioactive contamination of the Yenisei, while shining pondweed is more useful for estimation of annual deposits of radionuclides in vegetation of the Yenisei and spatial transfer of radionuclides downstream of the discharge site. Despite differences in concentrations of artificial radionuclides, both species can be considered as reliable indicators of radioactive contamination of the river on a long-term scale. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Prudnikova, Svetlana, V, Evgrafova, Svetlana Yu, Volova, Tatiana G.
Заглавие : Metabolic activity of cryogenic soils in the subarctic zone of Siberia towards "green" bioplastics
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Коллективы : Project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" [074-02-2018-328]; Government of the Russian Federation [220]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [FSRZ-2020-0006]
Место публикации : Chemosphere: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2021. - Vol. 263. - Ст.128180. - ISSN 0045-6535, DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128180. - ISSN 1879-1298(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:101. - This study (polymer synthesis and investigation) was financially supported by Project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" (Agreement No 074-02-2018-328) in accordance with Resolution No 220 of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 9, 2010, "On measures designed to attract leading scientists to the Russian institutions of higher learning", and by the State assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation No. FSRZ-2020-0006 (investigation of polymer degradation in soils of Evenkia).
Аннотация: The present study investigates, for the first time, the structure of the microbial community of cryogenic soils in the subarctic region of Siberia and the ability of the soil microbial community to metabolize degradable microbial bioplastic - poly-3-hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB)]. When the soil thawed, with the soil temperature between 5-7 and 9-11 degrees C, the total biomass of microorganisms at a 10-20-cm depth was 226-234 mg g(-1) soil and CO2 production was 20-46 mg g(-1)W day(-1). The total abundance of microscopic fungi varied between (7.4 +/- 2.3) x 10(3) and (18.3 +/- 2.2) x 10(3) CFU/g soil depending on temperature; the abundance of bacteria was several orders of magnitude greater: (1.6 +/- 0.1) x 10(6) CFU g(-1) soil. The microbial community in the biofilm formed on the surface of P(3HB) films differed from the background soil in concentrations and composition of microorganisms. The activity of microorganisms caused changes in the surface microstructure of polymer films, a decrease in molecular weight, and an increase in the degree of crystallinity of P(3HB), indicating polymer biodegradation due to metabolic activity of microorganisms. The clear-zone technique e plating of isolates on the mineral agar with polymer as sole carbon source e was used to identify P(3HB)-degrading microorganisms inhabiting cryogenic soil in Evenkia. Analysis of nucleotide sequences of rRNA genes was performed to identify the following P(3HB)degrading species: Bacillus pumilus, Paraburkholderia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Rhodococcus sp., Stenotrophomonas rhizophila, Streptomyces prunicolor, and Variovorax paradoxus bacteria and the Penicillium thomii, P. arenicola, P. lanosum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and A. niger fungi. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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