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Вид документа : Однотомное издание
Шифр издания : А.с. 1585326!-996518
Автор(ы) : Саубенова М.Г., Мухамедиева У.С., Хмелевская Л.К., Печуркин Н.С., Фуряева А.Ф., Тушкова Г.И.
Заглавие : Способ получения биомассы .-
Выходные данные : Б.м.,Б.г.
Коллективы : Ин-т микробиол. и вирусол. АН КазССР
Цена : Б.ц.
ГРНТИ : 62.13.31
Предметные рубрики: БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ
БИОМАССА
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ
СПОСОБ
TRICHOSPORON CUTANEUM
LACTOBACTERIUM PENTOACETICUM
КУЛЬТИВИРОВАНИЕ
СОВМЕСТНОЕ
СМЕШАННЫЕ СРЕДЫ
BIOTECHNOLOGY
BIOMASS
CULTURE
NUTRIENT MEDIUM
Аннотация: Изобретение относится к биотехнологии и представляет собой способ получения биомассы на гидролизных средах. Цель изобретения - повышение выхода биомассы. Биомассу получают путем культивирования на пентозных, гексозных и смешанных средах консорциума дрожжей Trichosporon cutaneum ЦМПМ У-437 и бактерий Lactobacterium pentoaceticum ЦМПМ В-1622, полученного путем взаимной адаптации микроорганизмов к продуцируемым метаболитам с последующей автоселекцией смешанной симбиотической культуры в непрерывных условиях культивирования
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Терсков И.А., Гительзон И.И., Сидько Ф.Я., Окладников Ю.Н., Трубачев И.Н., Федорова Я.В., Волова Т.Г., Попов Н.И.
Заглавие : О биологической и кормовой ценности биомассы водородных бактерий : научное издание
Место публикации : Прикл. биохимия и микробиол. - 1984. - Т. 20, N 4. - С. 540-550. - ISSN 0555-1099
ГРНТИ : 34.27.51
Предметные рубрики: БИОМАССА
БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ
КОРМОВАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ
ВОДОРОДНЫЕ БАКТЕРИИ
ALCALIGENES EUTROPHUS
BIOMASS PRODUCTION
BIOLOGICAL VALUE
NUTRITIONAL VALUE
HYDROGEN BACTERIA
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 577.34/И 73
Автор(ы) : Болсуновский, Александр Яковлевич, Трофимова, Елена Александровна, Дементьев, Дмитрий Владимирович, Карпов, Антон Дмитриевич
Заглавие : Интенсивность накопления урана-238 представителями разных экологических уровней экосистемы р. Енисей
Коллективы : Институт биофизики Сибирского отделения Российской Академии наук (Красноярск)
Место публикации : Вестник Томского государственного университета. Биология. - Томск: Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет, 2016. - № 2 (34) . - С. 161-171. - DOI 10.17223/19988591/34/11
ISSN: 1998-8591
УДК : 577.34 + 597.5
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): коэффициент накопления--трофический уровень--philolimnogammarus viridis--fointinalis antipyretica--thymallus arcticus--esox lucius)
Аннотация: В результате многолетних исследований (2010-2013) получены данные по накоплению урана-238 в гидробионтах разных трофических уровней экосистемы р. Енисей. Пробы водного мха (Fointinalis antipyretica), зообентоса (Philolimnogammarus viridis и Ph. Cyaneus), сибирского хариуса (Thymallus arcticus) и щуки (Esox lucius) отбирали в районе ранее зарегистрированного повышенного содержания урана в воде р. Енисей (вблизи радиоактивных сбросов Горно-химического комбината Росатома). Показано, что уран способен эффективно накапливаться из воды в биомассе всех исследованных гидробионтов. Максимальные коэффициенты накопления (КН) урана получены для водного мха, что многократно превышает КН урана для зообентоса и мышечной ткани рыб. Средние значения КН урана для зообентоса статистически значимо превышают КН в мышцах рыб за весь период наблюдения. Не выявлено статистически значимых отличий в накоплении урана рыбами разного трофического уровня (хариус и щука)The aim of the research was a comparative evaluation of the intensity of uranium-238 accumulation in the biomass of aquatic organisms, occupying different trophic levels in the ecosystem of the Yenisei river. Previously, uranium-238 at concentrations higher than the background ones was detected in water and sediment samples of the Yenisei River collected close to the discharge site of one of the Rosatom facilities (the Mining-and-Chemical Combine). However, radioecological studies of the Yenisei River ecosystem have not focused on uranium isotopes in aquatic organisms so far. The toxic effects of uranium on living organisms are known to be based on its both radioactive and chemical properties. We conducted a study on accumulation of uranium-238 in aquatic organisms at different trophic levels in the Yenisei River ecosystem between 2010 and 2013. We collected samples of aquatic moss (Fointinalis antipyretica), zoobenthos (Philolimnogammarus viridis and Ph. cyaneus), arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus), and pike (Esox lucius) from the Yenisei region at a distance of 85-90 km downstream of Krasnoyarsk (5-10 km downstream of the radioactive discharge of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine). Data on samples are shown in Table 1. We determined uranium concentration in the samples of aquatic organisms by neutron activation analysis, in water - by ICP-MS (Table 2). The study shows that uranium can be effectively concentrated from water and accumulate in the biomass of all aquatic organisms used in experiments. The highest uranium concentration factors (CFs) were obtained for aquatic moss, and they were several times higher than the uranium CFs for zoobenthos and fish muscles. Based on the uranium concentration from water, all aquatic organisms of the Yenisei River used in this study can be ranked as follows: aquatic moss gammarids grayling = pike. No statistically significant difference has been found between uranium accumulation by fish of different trophic levels (Arctic grayling and pike). The uranium CFs obtained in this study is comparable with the literature data on the CFs of artificial radionuclides for aquatic moss and fish of the Yenisei River
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Печуркин Н.С., Попова Л.Ю., Воробьева Г.С., Марченкова Т.В., Тушкова Г.И., Теремова М.И., Фуряева А.В., Лалетина А.И.
Заглавие : Влияние биостимуляторов на способность дрожжей к росту на продуктах переработки угля : научное издание
Место публикации : Контроль и упр. биотехнол. процессами. Тез. Всес. конф., Горький, 20-24 мая, 1985. - Горький, 1985. - С. 87
ГРНТИ : 34.27.51
Предметные рубрики: CANDIDA
РОСТ
ПРОДУКТЫ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ УГЛЯ
УТИЛИЗАЦИЯ
ДРОЖЖЕВОЙ АВТОЛИЗАТ
АЦЕТАТ
ВЛИЯНИЕ
BIOMASS PRODUCTION
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Dubovskaya O. P., Yolgina O. E., Morozova I. I.
Заглавие : Zooplankton of Lake Pyasino and the Rivers Flowing into It after the Diesel Spill in 2020
Колич.характеристики :11 с
Коллективы : Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of Sciences [223-EP-2020/07]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 4. - С. 380-390. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S199542552104003X. - ISSN 1995-4263(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:35. - This work was supported by economic agreement no. 223-EP-2020/07 with the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Предметные рубрики: NONPREDATORY MORTALITY
OIL-SPILLS
RECORDS
BASIN
STATE
Аннотация: At the beginning of August, 2 months after 20 000 t of diesel fuel spilled into the Bezymyanny Stream (which took it out to the Daldykan and Ambarnaya rivers), the large Norilsk expedition of the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, sampled net zooplankton at 13 stations located in both sections of these rivers and Lake Pyasino with the Pyasina River outflowing from it. A comparative analysis of the species composition, abundance, biomass, and saprobity index of zooplankton at these stations has been carried out. The productions of rotifer and crustacean zooplankton and potential production of planktivorous fish in Lake Pyasino have been calculated. Based on the state of zooplankton, a gradual improvement in water quality has been observed from river areas exposed to the oil products to the northern part of the lake and the River Pyasina outflow. The low abundance and biomass of zooplankton in the lake (43 800 +/- 17 550 ind./m(3), 112.8 +/- 26.2 mg/m(3), on average) due to the dominance of rotifers (Ploesoma truncatum (Levander), Bipalpus hudsoni (Imhof), and Conochilus unicornis Rousselet) resulted in low values of zooplankton production and the potential production of planktivorous fish (0.85 kg/ha per season).
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Neubauer, Darshan, Kolmakova, Olesya, Woodhouse, Jason, Taube, Robert, Mangelsdorf, Kai, Gladyshev, Michail, Premke, Katrin, Grossart, Hans-Peter
Заглавие : Zooplankton carcasses stimulate microbial turnover of allochthonous particulate organic matter
Колич.характеристики :16 с
Коллективы : Projekt DEAL
Место публикации : ISME J.: SPRINGERNATURE, 2021. - Article in press. - ISSN 1751-7362, DOI 10.1038/s41396-020-00883-w. - ISSN 1751-7370(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:83. - Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Предметные рубрики: FRESH-WATER
SEASONAL-CHANGES
CARBON
LAKE
DECOMPOSITION
DEGRADATION
Аннотация: Carbon turnover in aquatic environments is dependent on biochemical properties of organic matter (OM) and its degradability by the surrounding microbial community. Non-additive interactive effects represent a mechanism where the degradation of biochemically persistent OM is stimulated by the provision of bioavailable OM to the degrading microbial community. Whilst this is well established in terrestrial systems, whether it occurs in aquatic ecosystems remains subject to debate. We hypothesised that OM from zooplankton carcasses can stimulate the degradation of biochemically persistent leaf material, and that this effect is influenced by the daphnia:leaf OM ratio and the complexity of the degrading microbial community. Fresh Daphnia magna carcasses and C-13-labelled maize leaves (Zea mays) were incubated at different ratios (1:1, 1:3 and 1:5) alongside either a complex microbial community (50 mu m) or solely bacteria (0.8 mu m). C-13 stable-isotope measurements of CO2 analyses were combined with phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) analysis and DNA sequencing to link metabolic activities, biomass and taxonomic composition of the microbial community. Our experiments indicated a significantly higher respiration of leaf-derived C when daphnia-derived OM was most abundant (i.e. daphnia:leaf OM ratio of 1:1). This process was stronger in a complex microbial community, including eukaryotic microorganisms, than a solely bacterial community. We concluded that non-additive interactive effects were a function of increased C-N chemodiversity and microbial complexity, with the highest net respiration to be expected when chemodiversity is high and the degrading community complex. This study indicates that identifying the interactions and processes of OM degradation is one important key for a deeper understanding of aquatic and thus global carbon cycle.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shulepina S. P., Dubovskaya O. P., Glushchenko L. A.
Заглавие : Zoobenthos of Lake Pyasino and the Rivers Flowing into It after the Diesel Spill of 2020
Колич.характеристики :8 с
Коллективы : Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Academy of Sciences [223-EP-2020/07]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 4. - С. 391-398. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S1995425521040077. - ISSN 1995-4263(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:32. - This work was supported by the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, contract no. 223-EP-2020/07.
Предметные рубрики: CRUDE-OIL SPILL
Аннотация: The species composition and quantitative characteristics of the zoobenthos in Lake Pyasino and rivers flowing into it after a diesel spill have been analyzed. The production of zoobenthos and potential production of benthivorous fish in Lake Pyasino have been calculated. A small number of zoobenthos species and low values of abundance and biomass are revealed. In the Bezymyanny Stream, the mouth of the Daldykan River, and the Ambarnaya River, oligochaetes Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri Claparede and Tubifex tubifex (O. F. Muller) dominate in the zoobenthos abundance and biomass. In Lake Pyasino and the Pyasina River outflow, larvae of caddis flies, chironomids, stoneflies, and amphipods prevail. In the area of the deepwater silted station of Lake Pyasino, oligochaetes L.hoffmeisteri develop, the proportion of which in the benthic fauna at this station (40 and 79% of the total biomass and abundance, respectively) is maximal. The amphipod Monoporeia affinis (Lindstrom) dominates in terms of biomass at this station. A decrease in the chironomid diversity, an increase in the proportion of polysaprobic oligochaetes, and lower values of the Shannon index in Lake Pyasino in 2020 when compared to 1992 are found. The low abundance (2181 +/- 2048 ind./m(2)) and biomass (2.01 +/- 1.85 g/m(2)) of zoobenthos in the lake results in low values of zoobenthos production and the potential production of benthivorous fish (3 kg/ha per season). Based on the state of zoobenthos, an improvement in water quality has been observed from river sections exposed to the oil spill to the lake and the source of the River Pyasina.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Diaz A. V., Ageev, Aleksander Vladimirovich, Ivanova, Elena Anatolevna, Anishchenko, Olesia Valerevna
Заглавие : Winter atmospheric nutrient and pollutant deposition on Western Sayan Mountain lakes (Siberia)
Колич.характеристики :18 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [20-04-00960]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation [5-100, FSRZ-2020-0014]
Место публикации : Biogeosciences: COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 2021. - Vol. 18, Is. 5. - С. 1601-1618. - ISSN 1726-4170, DOI 10.5194/bg-18-1601-2021. - ISSN 1726-4189(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:86. - This research has been supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant no. 20-04-00960) and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (postdoctoral program project no. 5-100, grant no. FSRZ-2020-0014).
Предметные рубрики: FLY-ASH PARTICLES
NITROGEN DEPOSITION
PHOSPHORUS DEPOSITION
Аннотация: The world map of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen deposition and its effects on natural ecosystems is not described with equal precision everywhere. In this paper, we report atmospheric nutrient, sulfate and spheroidal carbonaceous particle (SCP) deposition rates, based on snowpack analyses of a formerly unexplored Siberian mountain region. Then, we discuss their potential effects on lake phytoplankton biomass limitation. We estimate that the nutrient depositions observed in the late-season snowpack (40 +/- 16 mgNO(3)-Nm(-2) and 0.58 +/- 0.13 mg TP-Pm-2; TP for total phosphorous) would correspond to yearly depositions lower than 119 +/- 71 mgNO(3)-Nm(-2) yr(-1) and higher than 1.71 +/- 0.91 mg TP-Pm-2 yr(-1). These yearly deposition estimates would approximately fit the predictions of global deposition models and correspond to the very low nutrient deposition range, although they are still higher than world background values. In spite of the fact that such a low atmospheric nitrogen deposition rate would be enough to induce nitrogen limitation in unproductive mountain lakes, phosphorus deposition was also extremely low, and the resulting lake water N: P ratio was unaffected by atmospheric nutrient deposition. In the end, the studied lakes' phytoplankton appeared to be split between phosphorus and nitrogen limitation. We conclude that these pristine lakes are fragile sensitive systems exposed to the predicted climate warming, increased winter precipitation, enhanced forest fires and shifts in anthropogenic nitrogen emissions that could finally couple their water chemistry to that of atmospheric nutrient deposition and unlock temperature-inhibited responses of phytoplankton to nutrient shifts.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Diaz-De-Quijano D., Vladimirovich Ageev A., Anatolevna Ivanova E., Valerevna Anishchenko O.
Заглавие : Winter atmospheric nutrient and pollutant deposition on Western Sayan Mountain lakes (Siberia)
Место публикации : Biogeosciences: Copernicus GmbH, 2021. - Vol. 18, Is. 5. - С. 1601-1618. - ISSN 17264170 (ISSN), DOI 10.5194/bg-18-1601-2021
Аннотация: The world map of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen deposition and its effects on natural ecosystems is not described with equal precision everywhere. In this paper, we report atmospheric nutrient, sulfate and spheroidal carbonaceous particle (SCP) deposition rates, based on snowpack analyses of a formerly unexplored Siberian mountain region. Then, we discuss their potential effects on lake phytoplankton biomass limitation. We estimate that the nutrient depositions observed in the late-season snowpack (4016 mgNO3-Nm2 and 0.580.13 mg TP-Pm2; TP for total phosphorous) would correspond to yearly depositions lower than 11971 mgNO3-Nm2 yr1 and higher than 1.710.91 mg TP-Pm2 yr1. These yearly deposition estimates would approximately fit the predictions of global deposition models and correspond to the very low nutrient deposition range, although they are still higher than world background values. In spite of the fact that such a low atmospheric nitrogen deposition rate would be enough to induce nitrogen limitation in unproductive mountain lakes, phosphorus deposition was also extremely low, and the resulting lake water N: P ratio was unaffected by atmospheric nutrient deposition. In the end, the studied lakes' phytoplankton appeared to be split between phosphorus and nitrogen limitation. We conclude that these pristine lakes are fragile sensitive systems exposed to the predicted climate warming, increased winter precipitation, enhanced forest fires and shifts in anthropogenic nitrogen emissions that could finally couple their water chemistry to that of atmospheric nutrient deposition and unlock temperature-inhibited responses of phytoplankton to nutrient shifts. © Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik, Nadezhda N., Yurchenko, Yuri A., Belevich, Olga E., Kalachova, Galina S., Kolmakova, Anzhelika A., Gladyshev, Michail I.
Заглавие : Waterbugs (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) as sources of essential n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Central Siberian ecoregions
Колич.характеристики :15 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-04-00860]; Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research [51.1.1, VI.51.1.9]; Russian Federation [NSh-9249.2016.5]
Место публикации : Freshw. Biol.: WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016. - Vol. 61, Is. 10. - С. 1787-1801. - ISSN 0046-5070, DOI 10.1111/fwb.12818. - ISSN 1365-2427(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:77. - The work was supported by award no. 13-04-00860 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and by the Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research (projects no. 51.1.1 and VI.51.1.9). The research was partially supported by grant NSh-9249.2016.5 from the President of the Russian Federation.
Предметные рубрики: FRESH-WATER
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
BUGS HETEROPTERA
AQUATIC INSECTS
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): essential fatty acids--heteroptera--subsidies--terrestrial consumers--waterbugs--water-land transfers
Аннотация: 1. Aquatic systems are considered to be a main source of essential long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are preferentially synthesized by microalgae and transferred along food chains to terrestrial consumers. Emerging aquatic insects comprise a significant part of this transfer of the essential PUFA from water to land. Quantitative data on PUFA content and composition are available mainly for rheophilic insects while taxa that are characteristic of wetlands and stagnant water bodies, such as aquatic Heteroptera, remain relatively unstudied. 2. We investigated the role of various waterbug taxa (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) inhabiting different ecoregions in temperate Central Siberia (Russia) as potential sources of PUFA. The ecoregions were steppe, forest-steppe, hemiboreal forest and montane coniferous forest. Although these waterbugs insects are aquatic in both larval and adult stages, they can disperse through the landscape and transfer essential PUFAs from water to land so making them potentially available to terrestrial consumers. 3. Species of Naucoridae, Notonectidae and Corixidae were generally dominant in all ecoregions, attaining maximum biomass in the steppe. We showed that habitat or ecoregion played a major role in the variability of fatty acid composition of Notonectidae and Gerridae but not Corixidae. In contrast, the biochemical composition of the only naucoridae, Ilyocoris cimicoides, was largely affected by life stage. 4. Both the dominant families and species within them differed with respect to their mass-specific contents of essential long-chain PUFA of the n-3 family, namely eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Corixid species had the highest content of these two essential PUFAs among the waterbug studies, and relative to literature reports for other aquatic insects. Corixids thus appear to be a potentially important vector for transfer of the essential biochemical compounds from water to land, especially in steppe ecoregions with numerous ephemeral water bodies.
WOS,
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kalachova G.S., Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Makhutova O.N.
Заглавие : Water moss as a food item of the zoobenthos in the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Central European Journal of Biology. - 2011. - Vol. 6, Is. 2. - С. 236-245. - ISSN 1895104X (ISSN) , DOI 10.2478/s11535-010-0115-0
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): acetylenic fatty acids--bryophytes--fontinalis--gammarids--stable isotope analysis--trichopterans--animalia--bryophyta--bryophytes--chironomidae--ephemeroptera--eulimnogammarus viridis--fontinalis--fontinalis antipyretica--gammaridae--invertebrata--trichoptera
Аннотация: Bryophytes are abundant in streams and are a habitat for many invertebrates, but their contribution to the diet of fluvial zoobenthos is still debated. To estimate the amount of bryophyte-derived organic matter assimilated by benthic invertebrates, we used a combination of fatty acid and stable isotope analyses during a four-year monthly study of a littoral site in the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia). Acetylenic acids, which are highly specific biomarkers of the water moss Fontinalis antipyretica, were found in lipids of all dominant benthic animals: gammarids, ephemeropterans, chironomids and trichopterans. The dominant zoobenthic species, Eulimnogammarus viridis, had maximum levels of the biomarkers in its biomass during winter, and minimum levels in summer. The zoobenthos in the studied site regularly consume and assimilate bryophyte-derived organic matter as a minor supplemental food. This consumption increases in winter, when the main food source of the zoobenthos, epilithic biofilms, are probably scarce. В© 2010 Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Manukovsky N.S., Kovalev V.S., Rygalov V.Y., Zolotukhin I.G.
Заглавие : Waste bioregeneration in life support CES: Development of soil organic substrate
Колич.характеристики :6 с
Место публикации : LIFE SCIENCES: LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS STUDIES-I. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON PRESS LTD, 1997. - Vol. 20: F4.6, F4.8, F4.2 and F4.9 Symposia of COSPAR Scientific Commission F on Life Sciences - Life Support System Studies-I, at the 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly (JUL 14-SEP 21, 1996, BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND), Is. 10. - P1827-1832. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)00848-X. - ISBN 0-08-043307-3
Примечания : Cited References: 13
Аннотация: An experimental model of matter turnover in the biotic cycle: plants (plant biomass) -- mushrooms (residual substrate + mushroom fruit bodies) -- worms (biohumus) -- microorganisms (soil-like substrate) -- plants is presented. The initial mass of soillike substrate was produced from wheat plants grown in a hydroponic system, Three cycles of matter turnover in the biotic cycle were carried out. Grain productivity on soillike substrate was 21.87 g/m(2) day(1). The results obtained were used for designing a CES containing man, plants, soillike substrate, bioregeneration module and aquaculture. It was shown, that the circulating dry mass of the CES is 756 kg. The main part (88%) of the circulating mass accumulates in the soillike substrate and bioregeneration module. (C) 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Degermendzhy A.G., Zadereev E.S., Rogozin D.Y., Prokopkin I.G., Barkhatov Y.V., Tolomeev A.P., Khromechek E.B., Janse J.H., Mooij W.M., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in two saline lakes Shira and Shunet (South Siberia, Russia)
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2010. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - С. 619-632. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10452-010-9336-6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ciliates--cryptomonas--fishless lakes--gammarus--mathematical modelling--meromictic lakes--phytoplankton--stratification--sulphur bacteria--amphipod--bacterium--biomass--ciliate--ecosystem modeling--flagellate--meromictic lake--microbial community--numerical model--physicochemical property--phytoplankton--population density--saline lake--salinity--stratification--thermocline--trophic interaction--vertical profile--zooplankton--khakassia--lake shira--lake shunet--russian federation--siberia--amphipoda--bacteria (microorganisms)--ciliophora--copepoda--cryptomonas--cryptomonas sp.--gammaridae--gammarus--gammarus lacustris--phytomastigophorea--protista--rotifera
Аннотация: A feature of meromictic lakes is that several physicochemical and biological gradients affect the vertical distribution of different organisms. The vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in saline, fishless meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet (Siberia, Russia) is quite different mainly because both mean depth and maximum depth of lakes differ as well as their salinity levels differ. The chemocline of the Lake Shira, as in many meromictic lakes, is inhabited by bacterial community consisting of purple sulphur and heterotrophic bacteria. As the depth of the chemocline is variable, the bacterial community does not attain high densities. The mixolimnion in Lake Shira, which is thermally stratified in summer, also creates different habitat for various species. The distribution of phytoplankton is non-uniform with its biomass peak in the metalimnion. The distribution of zooplankton is also heterogeneous with rotifers and juvenile copepods inhabiting the warmer epilimnion and older copepods found in the cold but oxic hypolimnion. The amphipod Gammarus lacustris which can be assigned to the higher trophic link in the fishless lake's ecosystem, such as Lake Shira, is also distributed non-uniformly, with its peak density generally observed in the thermocline region. The chemocline in Lake Shunet is located at the depth of 5 m, and unlike in Lake Shira, due to a sharp salinity gradient between the mixolimnion and monimolimnion, this depth is very stable. The mixolimnion in Lake Shunet is relatively shallow and the chemocline is inhabited by (1) an extremely dense bacterial community; (2) a population of Cryptomonas sp.; and (3) ciliate community comprising several species. As the mixolimnion of Lake Shunet is not thermally stratified for long period, the phytoplankton and zooplankton populations are not vertically stratified. The gammarids, however, tend to concentrate in a narrow layer located 1-2 m above the chemocline. We believe that in addition to vertical inhomogeneities of both physicochemical parameters, biological and physical factors also play a role in maintaining these inhomogeneities. We conclude that the stratified distributions of the major food web components will have several implications for ecosystem structure and dynamics. Trophic interactions as well as mass and energy flows can be significantly impacted by such heterogeneous distributions. Species spatially separated even by relatively short distances, say a few centimetres will not directly compete. Importantly, we demonstrate that not only bacteria, phytoflagellates and ciliate tend to concentrate in thin layers but also larger-sized species such Gammarus (amphipods) can also under certain environmental conditions have stratified distribution with maxima in relatively thin layer. As the vertical structure of the lake ecosystem is rather complex in such stratified lakes as ours, the strategy of research, including sampling techniques, should consider potentially variable and non-homogeneous distributions. В© 2010 The Author(s).
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gaevsky N.A., Kolmakov V.I., Anishchenko O.V., Gorbaneva T.B.
Заглавие : Using DCMU-fluorescence method for the identification of dominant phytoplankton groups
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Место публикации : J. Appl. Phycol.: SPRINGER, 2005. - Vol. 17, Is. 6. - P483-494. - ISSN 0921-8971, DOI 10.1007/s10811-005-2903-x
Примечания : Cited References: 28
Предметные рубрики: IN-VIVO
CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE
FLUOROMETRIC METHOD
SITU
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CYANOBACTERIA
ALGAE
EVOLUTION
CULTURES
LAKES
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): algae--chlorophyll--fluorescence--vizualization
Аннотация: For the identification of ecologically significant dominant groups of phytoplanktonic algae a polychromatic DCMU-induced fluorescence method is recommended. A special fluorometer equipped with a system of replaceable filters is used to differentiate three regions of the spectrum (410 +/- 20, 510 +/- 20 and 540 +/- 10 nm) that can excite the basic light-harvesting pigments. Total and differential (for every algal taxon studied) chlorophyll a calculated from the fluorescence signals is in good agreement with biomass estimates from direct cell counts for several different trophic types of aquatic systems. This is made possible by the vizualization of the ratios of fluorescence signal values in their own coordinates: first, to decide whether it is necessary to correct linear equations in order to eliminate negative solutions; second, to determine the possibility of nulling the negative solution if a point is situated close to a side of the triangle; and third, to reduce the number of linear algebraic equations to two if the points are situated along one of the triangle sides or to one if the points are gathered at the apex. The polychromatic DCMU-induced fluorescence method can be used for monitoring natural phytoplankton populations to detect changes in their taxonomic structure.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Balnokin Y., Nikolai M., Popova L., Tikhomirov A., Ushakova S., Lasseur C., Gros J.-B.
Заглавие : Use of halophytic plants for recycling NaCl in human liquid waste in a bioregenerative life support system
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2010. - Vol. 46, Is. 6. - С. 768-774. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2010.03.020
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biological life support system--halophytes--human waste recycling--nacl recycling--a plants--biological life support systems--biomass productions--bioregenerative life support systems--daily ration--europaea--growth conditions--halophytes--halophytic plants--human waste--liquid wastes--nutrient solution--optimal conditions--salicornia europaea--body fluids--liquids--nutrients--plant shutdowns--plants (botany)--recycling--sodium alloys--sodium chloride
Аннотация: The purpose of this work was to develop technology for recycling NaCl containing in human liquid waste as intrasystem matter in a bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). The circulation of Na+ and Cl- excreted in urine is achieved by inclusion of halophytes, i.e. plants that naturally inhabit salt-rich soils and accumulate NaCl in their organs. A model of Na+ and Cl- recycling in a BLSS was designed, based on the NaCl turnover in the human-urine-nutrient solution-halophytic plant-human cycle. The study consisted of (i) selecting a halophyte suitable for inclusion in a BLSS, and (ii) determining growth conditions supporting maximal Na + and Cl- accumulation in the shoots of the halophyte growing in a nutrient solution simulating mineralized urine. For the selected halophytic plant, Salicornia europaea, growth rate under optimal conditions, biomass production and quantities of Na+ and Cl- absorbed were determined. Characteristics of a plant production conveyor consisting of S. europaea at various ages, and allowing continuity of Na+ and Cl - turnover, were estimated. It was shown that closure of the NaCl cycle in a BLSS can be attained if the daily ration of fresh Salicornia biomass for a BLSS inhabitant is approximately 360 g. В© 2010 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Degermendzhy A.G., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Understanding the mechanisms of blooming of phytoplankton in Lake Shira, a saline lake in Siberia (the Republic of Khakasia)
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2002. - Vol. 36, Is. 2. - С. 331-340. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon budget--cyanobacteria--heterotrophic bacteria--hydrogen sulphide--mathematical models of stratification--meromictic lakes--microbial loop--stratification--trophic scheme--algal bloom--ecosystem modeling--limiting factor--nutrient availability--phytoplankton--saline lake--trophic interaction--russian federation--algae--bacteria (microorganisms)--cyanobacteria--lyngbya--lyngbya contorta
Аннотация: The paper summarises the results of a three-year research study (European Union Grant: INTAS 97-0519) aimed at investigating the planktonic populations and trophic organization of the Lake Shira ecosystem - a saline lake in Khakasia, Siberia. The lake exhibits a stable summer-autumn stratification of the chemical-biological components. The mechanisms responsible for the 'blooming' of phytoplankton in the deeper layers were investigated in greater detail, using data from both field and laboratory experiments. The spectra of nutrition were examined to estimate the relationships between the specific growth rates of the hydrobionts and the influence of the limiting factors: light, nutrients. The observed heterotrophic capability of a metalimnetic phytoplankton population might help explain the development in the deeper waters of Lyngbya contorta. The scheme of trophic interactions was put up, based on the assessment of the carbon pools and carbon flows in the pelagic zone of the lake. A mathematical model of the vertical structure of the lake's plankton populations was constructed, using the ecosystem description and data of vertical turbulent diffusion. The role of light and nutrient limitations and grazing mortality in forming the vertical inhomogeneities, particularly in lowering the depth of the maximal cyanobacterial biomass, has been demonstrated. The theoretical curves for the stratification of chemical and biological parameters have been brought in conformity with the field observations, e.g. for the different patterns of the peaks, and for the biomass maxima of cyanobacteria, purple and green sulphur bacteria, oxygen, and hydrogen sulphide. The calculations revealed that for an adequate assessment of the parameters for the hydrogen sulphide zone it is necessary to introduce flows of allochthonous organic matter. Based on the form of the sulphur distribution curve, the allochthonous input of organic matter and the inflow of hydrogen sulphide from the bottom have been theoretically discriminated for the first time. It has also been ascertained that irrespective of the depth the allochthonous substances limiting bacterial growth, the bacteria are uniformly distributed over depth and can serve as an indicator of the presence of limitation (the effect of autostabilisation in space). Of indisputable interest to limnology are the specific methods developed for understanding the functioning of Lake Shira ecosystem. These include the autostabilisation of the limiting factors, the on-the-spot fluorescent method of determining the three classes of microalgae, the algal mixotrophy and the planktonic population interactions and feedbacks, and development of a more sensitive, bioluminescent method for mapping the nonhomogeneities. Owing to a balanced combination of classical approaches (field observations, in situ data on production-decomposition) and the more recent ones (satellite monitoring, biophysical methods of estimating interactions of populations, mathematical models based on the field and experimental data), many of the structural-function relationships in the ecosystem can now be explained, and the models can provide 'mutual control and mutual agreement' between the data collected using different approaches.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Manukovsky N.S., Kovalev V.S., Gribovskaya I.V.
Заглавие : Two-stage biohumus production from inedible potato biomass
Колич.характеристики :3 с
Место публикации : Bioresour. Technol.: ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2001. - Vol. 78, Is. 3. - P273-275. - ISSN 0960-8524, DOI 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00022-0
Примечания : Cited References: 5
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): inedible potato biomass--wheat straw--bioconversion--residual substrate--biohumus
Аннотация: The feasibility of a two-stage bioconversion of inedible potato biomass into biohumus by oyster mushroom followed by worms was tested. As a raw material for biohumus production the inedible potato biomass in certain properties ranked below wheat straw. The most feasible method to convert the potato wastes into biohumus was to mix them with wheat straw at the mass ratio of 1:3 and then treat with mushrooms followed by worms. This gave a good yield of mushrooms. The biohumus produced from the mixture was suitable for use as a plant growth medium. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Krylov A.V., Sushchik N.N., Malin M.I., Makhutova O.N., Chalova I.V., Kalacheva G.S.
Заглавие : Transfer of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids from an aquatic to terrestrial ecosystem through the fish-bird trophic pair
Место публикации : Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2010. - Vol. 431, Is. 1. - С. 121-123. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0012496610020146
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fatty acid--fresh water--triacylglycerol--unsaturated fatty acid--animal--article--biological model--biomass--bird--chemistry--ecosystem--fish--food chain--metabolism--muscle--pathology--physiology--species difference--animals--biomass--birds--ecosystem--fatty acids--fatty acids, unsaturated--fishes--food chain--fresh water--models, biological--muscles--species specificity--triglycerides--aves
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zotina T., Trofimova E., Dementyev D., Bolsunovsky A.
Заглавие : Transfer of americium-241 from food and water to organs and tissues of the crucian carp *
Место публикации : Radioprotection. - 2011. - Vol. 46, Is. 6 SUPPL. - С. S69-S73. - ISSN 00338451 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1051/radiopro/20116648s
Аннотация: The transfer of transuranium element americium-241 (241Am) from food and water to organs and tissues of freshwater fish (Carassius auratus gibelio, crucian carp) has been investigated in laboratory experiments. The fishes were fed with homogenized biomass of submerged macrophytes labeled with 241Am, through catheter. For the first two days after force-feeding, fishes excreted up to 80% of ingested americium, for four days - 98%. 241Am was registered in internal organs and tissues that had no direct contact with americium (liver, bones, muscles) as early as two days after the feeding and after eight days, when the digestive tract was depurated. Among internal organs, the highest activity concentration was recorded in the liver (up to 427 Bq/kg). Activity concentration in bones (19-31 Bq/kg) was several times higher than in muscles, indicating the affinity of americium to bone tissue. Assimilation of 241Am in organs and tissues of crucian carp from water occurred mainly via the digestive tract too. В© 2011 EDP Sciences.
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