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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T. G., Vinogradova O. N., Zhila N. O., Peterson I. V., Kiselev E. G., Vasiliev A. D., Sukovatiy A. G., Shishatskaya E. I.
Заглавие : Properties of a novel quaterpolymer P(3HB/4HB/3HV/3HHx)
Место публикации : Polymer: Elsevier Ltd, 2016. - Vol. 101. - С. 67-74. - ISSN 00323861 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.08.048
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): physicochemical and mechanical properties--polyhydroxyalkanoates--quaterpolymers--biocompatibility--cell culture--chain length--chains--decomposition--3-hydroxyhexanoate--degrees of crystallinity--elongation at break--physico-chemical and mechanical properties--polyhydroxyalkanoates--quaterpolymers--short chain lengths--thermal decomposition temperature--film preparation
Аннотация: Cupriavidus eutrophus В10646 was used to synthesize a series of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) quaterpolymers composed of the short-chain-length 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), and 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) and the medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx). The molar fraction of 3HB in the quaterpolymers varied between 63.5 and 93.1 mol.%, 3HV – between 1.1 and 24.6 mol.%, 4HB – between 2.4 and 15.6 mol.%, and 3HHx – between 0.4 and 4.8 mol.%. The properties of PHA quaterpolymers were significantly different from those of the P(3HB) homopolymer: they had much lower degrees of crystallinity (up to 30–45%), and lower melting points and thermal decomposition temperatures, with the interval between these temperatures remaining practically unchanged. Films prepared from PHA quaterpolymers were rougher and more porous than P(3HB) films; they showed higher values of elongation at break (up to 6–113%), i.e. were more elastic. Films prepared from PHA quaterpolymers were biocompatible and had no toxic effect on mouse fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik, Nadezhda N., Yurchenko, Yuri A., Belevich, Olga E., Kalachova, Galina S., Kolmakova, Anzhelika A., Gladyshev, Michail I.
Заглавие : Waterbugs (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) as sources of essential n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Central Siberian ecoregions
Колич.характеристики :15 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-04-00860]; Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research [51.1.1, VI.51.1.9]; Russian Federation [NSh-9249.2016.5]
Место публикации : Freshw. Biol.: WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016. - Vol. 61, Is. 10. - С. 1787-1801. - ISSN 0046-5070, DOI 10.1111/fwb.12818. - ISSN 1365-2427(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:77. - The work was supported by award no. 13-04-00860 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and by the Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research (projects no. 51.1.1 and VI.51.1.9). The research was partially supported by grant NSh-9249.2016.5 from the President of the Russian Federation.
Предметные рубрики: FRESH-WATER
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
BUGS HETEROPTERA
AQUATIC INSECTS
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): essential fatty acids--heteroptera--subsidies--terrestrial consumers--waterbugs--water-land transfers
Аннотация: 1. Aquatic systems are considered to be a main source of essential long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are preferentially synthesized by microalgae and transferred along food chains to terrestrial consumers. Emerging aquatic insects comprise a significant part of this transfer of the essential PUFA from water to land. Quantitative data on PUFA content and composition are available mainly for rheophilic insects while taxa that are characteristic of wetlands and stagnant water bodies, such as aquatic Heteroptera, remain relatively unstudied. 2. We investigated the role of various waterbug taxa (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) inhabiting different ecoregions in temperate Central Siberia (Russia) as potential sources of PUFA. The ecoregions were steppe, forest-steppe, hemiboreal forest and montane coniferous forest. Although these waterbugs insects are aquatic in both larval and adult stages, they can disperse through the landscape and transfer essential PUFAs from water to land so making them potentially available to terrestrial consumers. 3. Species of Naucoridae, Notonectidae and Corixidae were generally dominant in all ecoregions, attaining maximum biomass in the steppe. We showed that habitat or ecoregion played a major role in the variability of fatty acid composition of Notonectidae and Gerridae but not Corixidae. In contrast, the biochemical composition of the only naucoridae, Ilyocoris cimicoides, was largely affected by life stage. 4. Both the dominant families and species within them differed with respect to their mass-specific contents of essential long-chain PUFA of the n-3 family, namely eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Corixid species had the highest content of these two essential PUFAs among the waterbug studies, and relative to literature reports for other aquatic insects. Corixids thus appear to be a potentially important vector for transfer of the essential biochemical compounds from water to land, especially in steppe ecoregions with numerous ephemeral water bodies.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Vanyukov V., Mikheev G., Mogileva T., Puzyr A., Bondar V., Lyashenko D., Chuvilin A.
Заглавие : Saturable absorption in detonation nanodiamond dispersions
Место публикации : J. Nanophoton.: SPIE, 2017. - Vol. 11, Is. 3. - ISSN 19342608 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1117/1.JNP.11.032506
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): modelocking--nanodiamonds--nanomaterials--nonlinear optics--saturable absorption--carbon--chains--dispersion (waves)--electromagnetic wave absorption--laser excitation--laser pulses--light--light absorption--locks (fasteners)--nanostructured materials--nonlinear optics--ultrafast lasers--ultrashort pulses--yarn--aqueous dispersions--detonation nanodiamond--light-induced--modelocking--nano-diamond particles--non-linear parameters--saturable absorption--z-scan experiment--nanodiamonds
Аннотация: We report on a saturable absorption in aqueous dispersions of nanodiamonds with femtosecond laser pulse excitation at a wavelength of 795 nm. The open aperture Z-scan experiments reveal that in a wide range of nanodiamond particle sizes and concentrations, a lightinduced increase of transmittance occurs. The transmittance increase originates from the saturation of light absorption and is associated with a light absorption at 1.5 eV by graphite and dimer chains (Pandey dimer chains). The obtained key nonlinear parameters of nanodiamond dispersions are compared with those of graphene and carbon nanotubes, which are widely used for the mode-locking. © 2017 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Boyandin A. N., Zhila N. O., Kiselev E. G., Volova T. G.
Заглавие : Constructing Slow-Release Formulations of Metribuzin Based on Degradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
Место публикации : J. Agric. Food Chem. - 2016. - Vol. 64, Is. 28. - С. 5625-5632. - ISSN 00218561 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05896
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): controlled release--degradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)--herbicide--metribuzin--release kinetics--polyethylene glycols--weed control--controlled release--environmental release--herbicide release--laboratory system--matrix formulation--metribuzin--poly-3-hydroxybutyrate--release kinetics--herbicides
Аннотация: Experimental formulations of herbicide metribuzin embedded in matrices of degradable natural polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) and its composites with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly-?-caprolactone (PCL), and wood powder have been prepared in the form of pressed pellets containing 75% polymeric basis (pure P3HB or its composite with a second component at a ratio of 7:3) and 25% metribuzin. Incubation of formulations in soil laboratory systems led to the degradation of the matrix and herbicide release. The most active release of metribuzin (about 60% of the embedded herbicide over 35 days) was detected for the P3HB/PEG carrier compared to the P3HB, P3HB/wood, and P3HB/PCL forms (30-40%). Thus, the study shows that herbicide release can be controlled by the matrix formulation. Metribuzin formulations exerted a significant herbicidal effect on the plant Agrostis stolonifera, used as a weed plant model. Application of these long-term formulations will make it possible to reduce environmental release of chemicals, which will restrict the rate of their accumulation in trophic chains of ecosystems and abate their adverse effects on the biosphere. © 2016 American Chemical Society.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Makhutova O.N.
Заглавие : Production of EPA and DHA in aquatic ecosystems and their transfer to the land
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [11-04-00168, 12-05-00298]; project B-15 of Siberian Federal University
Место публикации : Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat.: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2013. - Vol. 107. - С. 117-126. - 10. - ISSN 1098-8823, DOI 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.03.002
Примечания : Cited References: 129. - This work was supported by grants of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) No. 11-04-00168 and No. 12-05-00298, and also by the project B-15 of Siberian Federal University, carried out according to Federal Tasks of Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments to improve the manuscript.
Предметные рубрики: POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS
FRESH-WATER FISH
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID
YENISEI RIVER
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTION
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL
CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS
MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
THYMALLUS-ARCTICUS
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): eicosapentaenoic acid--docosahexaenoic acid--aquatic ecosystems--trophic transfer efficiency
Аннотация: Most omnivorous animals, including humans, have to some degree relied on physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from food. Only some taxa of microalgae, rather than higher plants can synthesize de novo high amounts of EPA and DHA. Once synthesized by microalgae, PUFA are transferred through trophic chain to organisms of higher levels. Thus, aquatic ecosystems play the unique role in the Biosphere as the principal source of EPA and DHA for most omnivorous animals, including inhabitants of terrestrial ecosystems. PUFA are transferred from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems through riparian predators, drift of carrion and seaweeds, emergence of amphibiotic insects, and water birds. The essential PUFA are transferred through trophic chains with about twice higher efficiency than bulk carbon. Thereby, PUFA are accumulated, rather than diluted in biomass of organisms of higher trophic levels, e.g., in fish. Mankind is faced with a severe deficiency of EPA and DHA in diet. Although additional sources of PUFA supply for humans, such as aquaculture, biotechnology of microorganisms and transgenic terrestrial oil-seed producing plants are developed, natural fish production of aquatic ecosystems will remain one of the main sources of EPA and DHA for humans. Aquatic ecosystems have to be protected from anthropogenic impacts, such as eutrophication, pollution and warming, which reduce PUFA production. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : BELOBROV P.I., TRETYAKOV A.G., ZASLAVSKY G.M.
Заглавие : METHODS OF NONLINEAR DYNAMICS AND EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURES OF MAGNETOELASTIC CHAINS
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Место публикации : J. Stat. Phys.: PLENUM PUBL CORP, 1985. - Vol. 38, Is. 01.02.2013. - P393-404. - ISSN 0022-4715, DOI 10.1007/BF01017869
Примечания : Cited References: 22
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Pechurkin N.S., Somova L.A.
Заглавие : Competition between links in "producer-consumer" trophic chains in an aquatic closed system with spatially separated components
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: EARTH AND SPACE APPLICATIONS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2001. - Vol. 27: F4 4 Symposium of COSPAR Scientific Commission F held at the 33rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly (JUL, 2000, WARSAW, POLAND), Is. 9. - P1599-1603. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00255-1
Примечания : Cited References: 13
Аннотация: The work analyzes functioning of a "producer-consumer" closed aquatic system with spatially separated links, where each component consisted of two species. Producers in the system were the microalgae of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus sp., consumers - Paramecium caudatum infusoria and Brachionus sp. rotifers. In the experiment the competing predators were consuming on a mixed culture of algae, and the competition of algae was studied under nitrogen limitation. Under these conditions competitiveness of Scenedesmus was higher than that of Chlorella vulgaris. Metabolism products of Scenedesmus algae have been found to have negative effect on reproduction of Paramecium caudatum protozoa. Predator population dynamics in the "consumer" link demonstrated that the rotifers that consume two algal species are more competitive compared to protozoa feeding on chlorella only. (C) 2001 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T. G., Vinogradova O. N., Zhila N. O., Kiselev E. G., Peterson I. V., Vasil’ev A. D., Sukovatyi A. G., Shishatskaya E. I.
Заглавие : Physicochemical properties of multicomponent polyhydroxyalkanoates: Novel aspects
Место публикации : Polym. Sci. Ser. A: Maik Nauka-Interperiodica Publishing, 2017. - Vol. 59, Is. 1. - С. 98-106. - ISSN 0965545X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0965545X17010163
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): glycols--medical problems--melting--molecular mass--monomers--polymers--chemical compositions--degree of crystallinity--degrees of crystallinity--multi-component polyhydroxyalkanoates--physicochemical property--polyhydroxyalkanoates--temperature intervals--thermal degradation temperatures--organic polymers
Аннотация: The physicochemical properties such as the degree of crystallinity and temperature and molecularmass characteristics of a number of polyhydroxyalkanoates of various chemical composition synthesized on a complex carbon substrate by bacteria Cupriavidus eutrophus В10646 have been investigated. Two-, three-, and four-component copolymer samples have different sets and ratios of monomers with various lengths of carbon chains: 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV), 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HH), 3-hydroxy-4-methyl valerate (3H4MV), and diethylene glycol (DEG). It has been shown that weight-average molar mass Мw and polydispersity vary in a wide range with no correlation existing with the composition of copolymer polyhydroxyalkanoates and that thermal stability is preserved in the temperature interval between the melting temperature and the thermal degradation temperature from 100 to 120–140°С. The composition and ratio of monomers most notably affect the degree of crystallinity of polyhydroxyalkanoates. Significant differences between the degrees of crystallinity of three- and four-component polyhydroxyalkanoates have been found for the first time. The degree of crystallinity for copolymers P(3HB/3HV/4HB) is 9–22%, and the degree of crystallinity for copolymers P(3HB/3HV/3HH) and P(3HB/3GV/3H4MV) is 41–63%; this value is close to the degree of crystallinity for diblock copolymers P(3HB)/DEG, which is 56–69%. For the four-component copolymers P(3HB/3GV/4HB/3HH), the degree of crystallinity is 30–41%. The values of Мw for the copolymers P(3HB/DEG) are inhomogeneous and the polymers contain fractions uneven with respect to molecular mass: a high-molecular-mass polymer (Мw from 2700 to 4900 kDa) and a low-molecular-mass polymer (Мw = 46–167 kDa). For the copolymers P(3HB)/DEG and P(3HB/3HV/3H4MV), two peaks are observed in the region of melting with the gap between these peaks being 4–20°С. All of the types of copolymer samples, regardless of the monomer ratio, show an increase in elongation at break against the background of a decrease in tensile stress and Young’s modulus, with these effects being pronounced to different extents. On the whole, the properties of multicomponent polyhydroxyalkanoates differ appreciably. © 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sutormin O. S., Kolosova E. M., Nemtseva A. V., Iskorneva I. V., Lisitsa A. A., Matvienko V. S., Esimbekova A. N., Kratasyuk V. A.
Заглавие : Enzymatic bioassay of soil: Sensitivity comparison of mono-, double- And triple-enzyme systems to soil toxicants
Место публикации : Tsitologiya: Sankt Peterburg, 2018. - Vol. 60, Is. 10. - С. 826-829. - ISSN 00413771 (ISSN) , DOI 10.7868/S0041377118100132
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacterial luciferase--bioluminescent analysis--coupled enzyme systems--ecological monitoring--enzymatic toxicity bioassays--lactate dehydrogenase--nadh:fmn-oxidoreductase--soil
Аннотация: In this paper, we have investigated the possibilities of application of enzymatic systems with increasing chain length as a bioassay to evaluate the soil contamination status. The sensitivity of monoenzyme reaction as well as double- and triple-enzyme chains based on NAD(P)H:FMN-oxidoreductase and luciferase of luminous bacteria and lactate dehydrogenase to pesticides and copper ions in water and water extracts from soils were estimated. For this, the toxicological parameter IC 20 reflecting the sensitivity limit of the enzyme system to the to-xicant was used. It was revealed that elongation of the coupled enzyme chain (from mono- to triple-enzyme) increases the sensitivity of the bioassay, in some cases by several orders of magnitude. This pattern can be used as a tool to improve the properties of enzymic bioassays. The effect of extracts from uncontaminated soils of various types on enzymatic systems also differs, which makes possible to design the specialized enzymatic bioassays as well. © 2018 Sankt Peterburg.All rights reserved.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolosova E. M., Sutormin O. S., Esimbekova E. N., Lonshakova-Mukina V. I., Kratasyuk V. A.
Заглавие : Set of Enzymatic Bioassays for Assessment of Soil Contamination
Место публикации : Dokl. Biol. Sci.: NLM (Medline), 2019. - Vol. 489, Is. 1. - С. 165-168. - ISSN 16083105 (ISSN), DOI 10.1134/S0012496619060024
Аннотация: A concept of the comprehensive assessment of soil contamination is proposed. According to it, the conclusion regarding the presence of toxic substances in the analyzed sample is based on the inhibition of enzymatic reactions responsible for various functions of a living organism, such as luminescence, respiration, etc. These functions are taken as test functions in classical bioassays with the use of living objects (luminous bacteria, daphnia, algae, and others). The regularities of the impact of different classes of toxicants on the activity of particular enzymes or coupled oligo-enzyme chains have been established. These enzyme reactions are selected as potential test objects: markers of contamination. Three enzyme systems with the maximal sensitivity to different classes of toxicants have been chosen for the set of enzymatic bioassays: butyrylcholinesterase, NAD(P)H:FMN-oxidoreductase + luciferase, and lactate dehydrogenase + NAD(P)H:FMN-oxidoreductase + luciferase. The possibility to use enzymes instead of living organisms in the bioassay of natural complex systems has been shown.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova, Tatyana, Demidenko, Alexey, Kurachenko, Natalia, Baranovsky, Sergey, Petrovskaya, Olga, Shumilova, Anna
Заглавие : Efficacy of embedded metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl herbicides in field-grown vegetable crops infested by weeds
Колич.характеристики :13 с
Коллективы : Project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" of the Government of the Russian Federation [074-02-2018-328]
Место публикации : Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2020. - Article in press. - ISSN 0944-1344, DOI 10.1007/s11356-020-10359-1. - ISSN 1614-7499(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:35. - This work was supported by Project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" [Agreement No 074-02-2018-328] in accordance with Resolution No 220 of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 9, 2010, "On measures designed to attract leading scientists to the Russian institutions of higher learning".
Предметные рубрики: DEFICIT IRRIGATION
CONTROLLED-RELEASE
YIELD
TOMATO
FORMULATIONS
Аннотация: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of the experimental formulations of the metribuzin (MET) and tribenuron-methyl (TBM) herbicides embedded in the matrix of degradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate blended with wood flour in field-grown tomato and beet crops infested by weeds. There is a necessity to develop environmentally friendly and effective means to protect plants because of the shortcomings of the free herbicide forms such as the environmentally unsafe spray application of solutions and suspensions of the widespread metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl herbicides, removal from soil during watering events and rains, and transport to natural aquatic environments, where the herbicides accumulate in the trophic chains of biota. Free TBM is also rapidly inactivated in soil and metabolized to nontoxic products in plants. The efficacy of experimental formulations of metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl embedded in the matrix of degradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate blended with wood flour was tested in field-grown tomato and beet crops infested with weeds. Application of metribuzin resulted in the highest productivity of tomatoes (2.3 kg/m(2)) and table beet (3.4 kg/m(2)), improved biometric parameters of tomato fruits and beet roots, and caused reduction in nitrate nitrogen concentrations in them. The mode of herbicide delivery did not affect sugar contents, but application of both metribuzin and tribenuron-methyl induced a 1.7-fold and 1.4-fold, respectively, increase in vitamin C concentrations in tomato fruits and beet roots relative to the vegetables grown on the subplots treated with free herbicides and the intact plants. Embedded herbicides can be used as preemergence herbicides in the field.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Surmenev R. A., Chernozem R. V., Syromotina D. S., Oehr C., Baumbach T., Krause B., Boyandin A. N., Dvoinina L. M., Volova T. G., Surmeneva M. A.
Заглавие : Low-temperature argon and ammonia plasma treatment of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate films: Surface topography and chemistry changes affect fibroblast cells in vitro
Место публикации : Eur Polym J: Elsevier Ltd, 2019. - Vol. 112. - С. 137-145. - ISSN 00143057 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.12.040
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): cell adhesion--dielectric barrier discharge--plasma treatment--surface etching--wetting behaviour--ammonia--argon--cell adhesion--cell culture--chemical modification--contact angle--dielectric materials--electric discharges--fibroblasts--mammals--nitrogen plasma--plasma applications--surface roughness--surface treatment--temperature--topography--ammonia plasma treatment--dielectric barrier discharges--different proportions--plasma treatment--poly-3-hydroxybutyrate--poly3-hydroxybutyrate (phb)--surface etching--wetting behaviour--wetting
Аннотация: Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) films were plasma-treated using pure NH3, pure Ar or mixtures of the two different proportions (20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 70% NH3 in Ar). Surface chemistry and surface topography changes of PHB films were observed after plasma processing in all plasma regimes. The XPS results confirmed the absence of chemical modification in the case of pure Ar plasma treatment. Nitrogen-containing groups (e.g., N–C[dbnd]O) were detected on the surfaces of P3HB films treated with NH3-containing plasma. The surfaces of the untreated P3HB films were hydrophobic, and plasma treatment turned the surfaces hydrophilic, irrespective of the treatment. A significant decrease in the contact angle and an increase in the free surface energy were observed. An insignificant surface ageing effect was observed when P3HB samples were exposed to air for 10 days. In NIH 3T3 mice fibroblast cells, cell adhesion was significantly improved after plasma treatment in an Ar atmosphere, which is likely related to the fact that there was a surface ? potential of 88.6 mV at neutral pH, causing a cleavage of the polymer chains and an increase in surface roughness. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Boyandin A. N., Kazantseva E. A., Varygina D. E., Volova T. G.
Заглавие : Constructing Slow-Release Formulations of Ammonium Nitrate Fertilizer Based on Degradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
Место публикации : J. Agric. Food Chem.: American Chemical Society, 2017. - Vol. 65, Is. 32. - С. 6745-6752. - ISSN 00218561 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01217
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ammonium nitrate--degradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate--embedding--fillers--nitrogen fertilizers--tablets--chemical contamination--ecology--ecosystems--fertilizers--fillers--nitrates--plastic coatings--ammonium nitrate--ammonium nitrate fertilizers--embedding--in-laboratory experiments--poly-3-hydroxybutyrate--slow release fertilizers--tablets--wheat (triticum aestivum l.)--nitrogen fertilizers
Аннотация: The present study describes construction and investigation of experimental formulations of ammonium nitrate embedded in a matrix of degradable natural polymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB)] and P(3HB) blended with wood flour shaped as tablets, some of them coated with P(3HB). Kinetics of ammonium release into soil as dependent on the composition of the polymer matrix was investigated in laboratory experiments. The rates of fertilizer release from formulations coated with a biopolymer layer were considerably (two months or longer) slower than the rates of fertilizer release from uncoated formulations, while release from polymer and composite (polymer/wood flour) formulations occurred with comparable rates. The use of the experimental formulations in laboratory ecosystems with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was more effective than application of free ammonium nitrate. The advantage of the slow-release fertilizer formulations is that they are buried in soil together with the seeds, and the fertilizer remains effective over the first three months of plant growth. The use of such slow-release formulations will reduce the amounts of chemicals released into the environment, which will curb their accumulation in food chains of ecosystems and mitigate their adverse effects on the biosphere. © 2017 American Chemical Society.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M. I., Glushchenko L. A., Makhutova O. N., Rudchenko A. E., Shulepina S. P., Dubovskaya O. P., Zuev I. V., Kolmakov V. I., Sushchik N. N.
Заглавие : Comparative Analysis of Content of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Food and Muscle Tissue of Fish from Aquaculture and Natural Habitats
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research [16-14-10001]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2018. - Vol. 11, Is. 3. - С. 297-308. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S199542551803006X. - ISSN 1995-4263(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:86. - This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 16-14-10001. We are grateful to A.A. Makhrov and E.A. Borovikova for assisting in material collection and for useful comments to the initial text of the article.
Предметные рубрики: LONG-CHAIN OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS
TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS
BREAM
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fatty acids--aquaculture--food chain--bioaccumulation
Аннотация: Two fish species reared in aquaculture (pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha and whitefish Coregonus lavaretus) and ten fish species from natural habitats (whitefish C. lavaretus, tugun Coregonus tugun, broad whitefish Coregonus nasus, least cisco Coregonus sardinella, vendace Coregonus albula, boganid charr Salvelinus boganidae, charr Salvelinus alpinus complex, northern pike Esox lucius, sharp-snouted lenok Brachymystax lenok, and taimen Hucho taimen) have been studied. The content of two long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA), in the muscle tissue of the fish and in their food (intestine contents) are compared. In the aquacultures of whitefish and pink salmon, the total content of EPA and DHA is significantly higher in feed than in the muscle tissue of the fish, which indicates losses of PUFA in the two-link food chain of the aquaculture during their transfer to the upper trophic level. EPA and DHA losses in aquaculture, which are confirmed by numerous literature data, mean an inefficient usage of the available sources of PUFAs and the aggravation of the global deficit of these biochemicals in the human diet. A study of natural fish populations reveals the accumulation of EPA and DHA in their biomass compared to food in many cases, although opposite phenomena are also observed. An assumption on the presence of an optimal, physiologically adequate species-specific level of PUFA in the fish muscle tissue has been made based on our data and literature data. If the level of PUFAs in the muscles is lower than optimal, their accumulation (bioaccumulation) from food and/or de novo synthesis are observed. When the optimal level is exceeded, the content of EPA and DHA in biomass approaches maximum species-specific values; however, part of these PUFAs entering from food is not digested or is catabolized. According to the obtained data, the species of the order Salmoniformes have an optimal level of 2 to 6 mg/g of wet weight. It has been found that in aquaculture approaching to maximum values of EPA + DHA content was accompanied by their losses (scattering) in the food chains, while in natural ecosystems the maximum values of PUFA content in the fish biomass are achieved by their accumulation from the lower trophic level. Boganid charr S. boganidae had the highest content of EPA + DHA in the muscle tissue among all known fish species (32.78 mg/g of wet weight).
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sutormin O. S., Sukovataya I. E., Pande S., Kratasyuk V. A.
Заглавие : Effect of viscosity on efficiency of enzyme catalysis of bacterial luciferase coupled with lactate dehydrogenase and NAD(P)H:FMN-Oxidoreductase
Место публикации : Mol. Cat.: Elsevier B.V., 2018. - Vol. 458. - С. 60-66. - ISSN 24688231 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.08.012
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bioluminescence--coupling of enzymes--in vivo simulated media--metabolic chain--protein stability
Аннотация: One of the current trends of the modern biology figures out cellular enzyme behaviour. Numerous researches look more closely at the chemical composition of creating in vivo simulated media conditions. The aim of this work was to find out a thermodynamic cooperativity of enzymes in a triple-enzyme chain (lactate dehydrogenase + NAD(P)H: FMN-oxidoreductase + bacterial luciferase) under in vivo simulated condition. The thermodynamic cooperativity effects were found out based on the influence of the viscogens (glycerol and sucrose) on the thermal stability of the triple-enzyme system. The results showed that the viscogens do not lead to an increase in the thermal stability of the triple-enzyme system. In addition, organic solvents (sucrose and glycerol) added as viscous agents to the reaction medium altered the kinetics of this triple-enzyme chain, including changing the light emission decay constant (kdec) and quantum yield of luminescence (Q). Plus, sucrose was found to be more efficient in limiting the flexibility of enzymes than glycerol. The high sensitivity of the triple-enzyme system to the viscogens may be connected with a fact that lactate dehydrogenase does not bound with couple enzyme system NAD(P)H: FMN-oxidoreductase + bacterial luciferase inside the real cell. Since this approach may be used as a method to understand the real connection between enzymes in cellular multi-enzyme metabolic chains inside the luminous bacteria cell. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Anishchenko O.V., Makhutova O.N., Kolmakov V.I., Kalachova G.S., Kolmakova A.A., Dubovskaya O.P.
Заглавие : Efficiency of transfer of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids versus organic carbon from producers to consumers in a eutrophic reservoir
Место публикации : Oecologia. - 2011. - Vol. 165, Is. 2. - С. 521-531. - ISSN 00298549 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s00442-010-1843-6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): phytoplankton--production--pufa--trophic level--zooplankton--carbon--fresh water--unsaturated fatty acid--biomass--eutrophic environment--fatty acid--net primary production--organic carbon--paradigm shift--phytoplankton--reservoir--secondary production--trophic level--zooplankton--animal--article--eutrophication--food chain--functional food--growth, development and aging--metabolism--phytoplankton--season--zooplankton--animals--carbon--eutrophication--fatty acids, unsaturated--food chain--fresh water--functional food--phytoplankton--seasons--zooplankton--animalia
Аннотация: One of the central paradigms of ecology is that only about 10% of organic carbon production of one trophic level is incorporated into new biomass of organisms of the next trophic level. Many of energy-yielding compounds of carbon are designated as 'essential', because they cannot be synthesized de novo by consumers and must be obtained with food, while they play important structural and regulatory functions. The question arises: are the essential compounds transferred through trophic chains with the same efficiency as bulk carbon? To answer this question, we measured gross primary production of phytoplankton and secondary production of zooplankton and content of organic carbon and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids of ?-3 family with 18-22 carbon atoms (PUFA) in the biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton in a small eutrophic reservoir during two summers. Transfer efficiency between the two trophic levels, phytoplankton (producers) and zooplankton (consumers), was calculated as ratio of the primary production versus the secondary (zooplankton) production for both carbon and PUFA. We found that the essential PUFA were transferred from the producers to the primary consumers with about twice higher efficiency than bulk carbon. In contrast, polyunsaturated fatty acids with 16 carbon atoms, which are synthesized exclusively by phytoplankton, but are not essential for animals, had significantly lower transfer efficiency than both bulk carbon, and essential PUFA. Thus, the trophic pyramid concept, which implicitly implies that all the energy-yielding compounds of carbon are transferred from one trophic level to the next with the same efficiency of about on average 10%, should be specified for different carbon compounds. В© 2010 Springer-Verlag.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Anishchenko O.V., Gladyshev M.I., Kravchuk E.S., Sushchik N.N., Gribovskaya I.V.
Заглавие : Distribution and migration of metals in trophic chains of the Yenisei ecosystem near Krasnoyarsk City
Место публикации : Water Resources. - 2009. - Vol. 36, Is. 5. - С. 594-603. - ISSN 00978078 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0097807809050121
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): aquatic organisms--atomic absorption--bulk concentration--cd concentrations--cr concentration--ecosystem components--emission spectral analysis--flame photometry--fly larvae--international standards--periphytons--primary producers--waterbodies--aquaculture--cadmium--chromium--ecology--photometry--spectroscopy--spectrum analysis--spectrum analyzers--water absorption--water analysis--concentration (process)--aluminum--aquatic ecosystem--aquatic organism--cadmium--chromium--concentration (composition)--copper--pollutant transport--river pollution--trophic environment--krasnoyarsk [russian federation]--russian federation--yenisei river--bryophyta--decapoda (crustacea)--thymallus arcticus
Аннотация: Methods of atomic absorption, flame photometry, and emission spectral analysis were used to study the concentrations of metals in water and major ecosystem components of the Yenisei River upstream of Krasnoyarsk City (conventionally background area). The mean bulk concentrations of Al and Cu in water exceeded the MAC for water bodies used for fishery. Cu concentration in freshwater shrimp was found to be reliably higher than that in the link of primary producers (periphyton), and Cd concentration in caddis fly larvae was found to exceed that in water moss. The maximal concentrations of metals among the examined aquatic organisms were recorded in periphyton. Cr concentration in the muscles of Arctic grayling was found to exceed some international standards. В© 2009 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Makhutova O.N., Kalacheva G.S., Kolmakova A.A., Kravchuk E.S., Dubovskaya O.P.
Заглавие : Efficiency of transfer of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids along trophic chains in aquatic ecosystems
Место публикации : Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics. - 2009. - Vol. 426, Is. 1. - С. 158-160. - ISSN 16076729 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1607672909030089
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): essential fatty acid--unsaturated fatty acid--water--article--ecosystem--metabolism--ecosystem--fatty acids, essential--fatty acids, unsaturated--water
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Makhutova O.N.
Заглавие : Production of EPA and DHA in aquatic ecosystems and their transfer to the land
Место публикации : Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators. - 2013. - ISSN 10988823 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.03.002
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): aquatic ecosystems--docosahexaenoic acid--eicosapentaenoic acid--trophic transfer efficiency
Аннотация: Most omnivorous animals, including humans, have to some degree relied on physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from food. Only some taxa of microalgae, rather than higher plants can synthesize de novo high amounts of EPA and DHA. Once synthesized by microalgae, PUFA are transferred through trophic chain to organisms of higher levels. Thus, aquatic ecosystems play the unique role in the Biosphere as the principal source of EPA and DHA for most omnivorous animals, including inhabitants of terrestrial ecosystems. PUFA are transferred from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems through riparian predators, drift of carrion and seaweeds, emergence of amphibiotic insects, and water birds. The essential PUFA are transferred through trophic chains with about twice higher efficiency than bulk carbon. Thereby, PUFA are accumulated, rather than diluted in biomass of organisms of higher trophic levels, e.g., in fish. Mankind is faced with a severe deficiency of EPA and DHA in diet. Although additional sources of PUFA supply for humans, such as aquaculture, biotechnology of microorganisms and transgenic terrestrial oil-seed producing plants are developed, natural fish production of aquatic ecosystems will remain one of the main sources of EPA and DHA for humans. Aquatic ecosystems have to be protected from anthropogenic impacts, such as eutrophication, pollution and warming, which reduce PUFA production. В© 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Trofimova E.A., Zotina T.A., Bolsunovskii A.Y.
Заглавие : Estimation of transfer of technogenic radionuclides in food chains of the Yenisei river
Место публикации : Contemporary Problems of Ecology. - 2012. - Vol. 5, Is. 4. - С. 365-370. - ISSN 19954255 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1995425512040142
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): burbot--dace--grayling--pike--water moss--zoobenthos--bioaccumulation--food chain--gadoid--gamma ray radiation--macrophyte--moss--radioactive pollution--radionuclide--salmonid--trophic level--zoobenthos--russian federation--yenisei river--bryophyta--esocidae--lota
Аннотация: The efficiency of the transfer of gamma-emitting radionuclides in food chains, including macrophytes, zoobenthos, and bentho- and ichthyophagist fish, was estimated in the radiation-polluted region of the Yenisei river. Significant differences in the efficiency of the transfer of natural and technogenic radionuclides between components of different trophic levels were revealed. Substantial species-related differences in the accumulation of radionuclides in ichthyophagist fish from food were revealed. В© 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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