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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Prokopkin I., Makhutova O., Kravchuk E., Sushchik N., Anishchenko O., Gladyshev M.
Заглавие : Assessing the reliability of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis and compound-specific isotope analysis-based mixing models for trophic studies
Место публикации : Biomolecules: MDPI, 2021. - Vol. 11, Is. 11. - Ст.1590. - ISSN 2218273X (ISSN), DOI 10.3390/biom11111590
Аннотация: The study of the trophic relationships of aquatic animals requires correct estimates of their diets. We compared the quantitative fatty acid signature analysis (QFASA) and the isotope?mixing model IsoError, based on the compound?specific isotope analysis of fatty acids (CSIA?FA), which are potentially effective models for quantitative diet estimations. In a 21?day experiment, Daphnia was fed a mixture of two food items, Chlorella and Cryptomonas, which were supplied in nearly equal proportions. The percentages and isotope values of the FAs of the algal species and Daphnia were measured. The IsoError based on CSIA?FA gave an estimation of algae consumption using only one FA, 18:3n?3. According to this model, the proportion of consumption of Chlorella decreased while the proportion of consumption of Cryptomonas increased during the experiment. The QFASA model was used for two FA subsets—the extended?dietary subset, which included sixteen FAs, and the dietary one, which included nine FAs. According to both subsets, the portion of consumed Chlorella decreased from Day 5 to 10 and then increased at Day 21. The comparison of the two model approaches showed that the QFASA model is a more reliable method to determine the contribution of different food sources to the diet of zooplankton than the CSIA?based mixing model. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zadereev E. S., Drobotov A. V., Lopatina T. S., Ovchinnikov S. D., Tolomeev A. P.
Заглавие : Comparison of rapid methods used to determine the concentration, size structure and species composition of algae
Место публикации : J. Sib. Fed. Univ. - Biol.: Siberian Federal University, 2021. - Vol. 14, Is. 1. - С. 5-27. - ISSN 19971389 (ISSN), DOI 10.17516/1997-1389-0338
Аннотация: Traditionally, the abundance, cell size distribution and species identification of algae are determined by microscopic counts. In recent years, various rapid methods have been developed for routine algal studies. However, each of these methods has its drawbacks. It is important for aquatic ecologists to understand the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of these methods. We compared the sensitivity of three rapid methods (multichannel fluorimeter FluoroProbe, imaging flow cytometer FlowCam, and CASY particle counter) to changes in cell abundance of three algae species (Chlorella vulgaris Beyerinck, Arthrospira platensis Gomont, and Nostoc sp.). We also assessed the ability of rapid methods to estimate the cell abundance of different species in the mixed samples. All instruments showed high sensitivity to changes in the cell abundance of different algae species and a mixture of these species. Any one of these methods, once calibrated, can be reliably used to estimate the abundance of a single-species/laboratory culture of microalgae. At the same time, FlowCam, without preliminary calibration, recorded the cell abundance closest to microscopic counts. When analysing a mixture of three microalgae differing in their cell sizes and spectral characteristics, FluoroProbe showed the highest accuracy in assessing the proportions of species in the mixture and FlowCam - in assessing their abundance. To study mixtures of algae and/or natural phytoplankton communities, it is advisable to use jointly a flow cytometer and a multichannel fluorimeter. The images of algae saved by the flow cytometer, if necessary, can be used to identify them, with a certain accuracy, to the species. Information on cells size and spectral characteristics obtained by two methods will be detailed enough to perform such common tasks as studying trophic interactions between phyto- and zooplankton or creating warning systems to inform of unwanted blooms of phytoplankton and their individual groups (for example, cyanobacteria). © Siberian Federal University. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gaysina L. A., Fazlutdinova A. I., Mukhina O. N., Akhmadeyeva L. F., Rogozin D. Y.U., Bul'Khin A. O., Sukhanova N. V., Johansen J. R.
Заглавие : Ecological features of cyanobacteria and algae communities of the littoral of the meromictic Lake Shira (Khakassia Republic, Russia)
Место публикации : Theor. Appl. Ecol.: Publishing House "O- Kratkoe", 2020. - Vol. 2020, Is. 1. - С. 47-50. - ISSN 19954301 (ISSN), DOI 10.25750/1995-4301-2020-1-047-050
Аннотация: During the study of cyanobacteria and algae from littoral of the meromictic Lake Shira (Republic of Khakassia, Russia) forty-eight taxa were identified: Cyanobacteria - 7, Chlorophyta - 5, and Bacillariophyta - 36 species. Cyanobacteria were represented by cosmopolitan taxa Leptolyngbya voronichiniana, cf. Trichocoleus hospitus and widely distributed in the freshwater ecosystems species Phormidium cf. paulsenianum, Pseudophormidium cf. golenkinianum, P. pauciramosum, Leptolyngbya perforans, and L. subtilissima. Among green algae typical freshwater taxa Chloroidium saccharophilum, Desmodesmus abundans, Oocystis lacustris, Chlorella sp., Stigeoclonium sp. were detected. Among Bacillariophyta the most frequent species were Amphora ovalis, Cymbella affinis, Encyonema silesiacum, Eunotia fallax, Gomphonella olivacea, G. parvulum, Kobayasiella subtilissima, Navicula minima, N. radiosa, N. veneta, Nitzchia fonticola, N. palea, Grunowia tabellaria, Surirella undulata. Several rare species cf. Fragilaria tenera, Grunowia tabellaria and cf. Ulnaria capitata were found. In relation to mineralization indifferents was the largest group (73%). In relation to pH, a unique feature of the investigated lake was the predominance of alkaliphilic species of diatoms (56%), such as Amphora ovalis, Cymbella affinis, Gomphonema truncatum, Hantzschia amphioxys, Navicula minima, N. veneta, Nitzschia cf. linearis, N. palea, Planothidium lanceolatum and other. In the geographic structure cosmopolitan group included 25 species (69%), boreal group - 4 species (11%), arcto-apline group - 2 species (6%). To obtain more accurate information on the biodiversity of cyanobacteria and algae of Lake Shira further studies using molecular-genetic and electron microscopic methods are needed. © 2020 Publishing House "O- Kratkoe". All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gaysina L. A., Fazlutdinova, A., I, Mukhina N., Akhrnadeyeva L. E., Rogozin, D. Yu, Bul'khin A. O., Sulehanova, N., V, Johansen J. R.
Заглавие : Ecological features of cyanobacteria and algae communities of the littoral of the meromictic Lake Shira (Khakassia Republic, Russia)
Колич.характеристики :4 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [19-05-00428]; internal grant of M. Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University; RFBRRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [19-04-20031]
Место публикации : Theor. Appl. Ecol.: LLC PUBLISHING HOUSE, KAMERTON, 2020. - Is. 1. - С. 47-50. - ISSN 1995-4301, DOI 10.25750/1995-4301-2020-1-047-050. - ISSN 2618-8406(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:18. - The study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the frame of project 19-05-00428 and an internal grant of M. Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University for the year 2019. This article is published with financial support from the RFBR grant No. 19-04-20031.
Аннотация: During the study of cyanobacteria and algae from littoral of the meromictic Lake Shira (Republic of Khakassia, Russia) forty-eight taxa were identified: Cyanobacteria - 7, Chlorophyta - 5, and Bacillariophyta - 36 species. Cyanobacteria were represented by cosmopolitan taxa Leptolyngbya voronichiniana, cf. Trichocoleus hospitus and widely distributed in the freshwater ecosystems species Phormidium cf. paulsenianum, Pseudophormidium cf. golenkinianum, P. pauciramosum, Leptolyngbya perforans, and L. subtilissima. Among green algae typical freshwater taxa Chloroidium saccharophilum, Desmodesmus abundans, Oocystis lacustris, Chlorella sp., Stigeoclonium sp. were detected. Among Bacillariophyta the most frequent species were Amphora ovalis, Cymbella affinis, Encyonema silesiacum, Eunotia fallax, Gomphonella olivacea, G. parvulum, Kobayasiella subtilissima, Navicula minima, N. radiosa, N. veneta, Nitzchia fonticola, N. palea, Grunowia tabellaria, Surirella undulata. Several rare species cf. Fragilaria tenera, Grunowia tabellaria and cf. Ulnaria capitata were found. In relation to mineralization indifferents was the largest group (73%). In relation to pH, a unique feature of the investigated lake was the predominance of alkaliphilic species of diatoms (56%), such as Amphora ovalis, Cymbella affinis, Gomphonema truncatum, Hantzschia amphioxys, Navicula minima, N. veneta, Nitzschia cf. linearis, N. palea, Planothidium lanceolatum and other. In the geographic structure cosmopolitan group included 25 species (69%), boreal group - 4 species (11%), arcto-apline group - 2 species (6%). To obtain more accurate information on the biodiversity of cyanobacteria and algae of Lake Shira further studies using molecular-genetic and electron microscopic methods are needed.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M. I., Makhutova O. N., Kravchuk E. S., Anishchenko O. V., Sushchik N. N.
Заглавие : Stable isotope fractionation of fatty acids of Daphnia fed laboratory cultures of microalgae
Место публикации : Limnologica. - 2016. - Vol. 56. - С. 23-29. - ISSN 00759511 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.limno.2015.12.001
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): compound-specific isotope analysis--fatty acids--food webs--stable isotope fractionation--comparative study--crustacean--fatty acid--food web--isotopic analysis--isotopic fractionation--microalga--stable isotope--chlorella vulgaris--cryptomonas sp.--daphnia--daphnia galeata
Аннотация: We tested a comparatively new method of tracing of natural food webs, compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) of fatty acids (FA), using laboratory culture of Daphnia galeata fed Chlorella vulgaris and Cryptomonas sp. In general, Daphnia had significantly lighter carbon stable isotope composition of most fatty acids, including essential, than those of their food, microalgae. Thus, our results did not support the pivotal premise of the FA-CSIA application for food web analysis, i.e., transmitting the isotope 'signal' of essential FAs to consumers from their food without any modification. Moreover, the values of isotope fractionation of particular FAs in the consumer relative to its food were not constant, but varied from 1.35‰ to 7.04‰. The different isotope fractionation (depletion) values of diverse FAs in consumer were probably caused by different processes of their synthesis, catabolism and assimilation. More work is evidently to be done for correct interpretation of results of FA-CSIA during field studies for tracing of natural food webs. © 2015 Elsevier GmbH.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Kovaleva N.P., Lamaze B., Lobo M., Lasseur Ch.
Заглавие : Biological life support systems for a Mars mission planetary base: Problems and prospects
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2007. - Vol. 40, Is. 11. - С. 1741-1745. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2006.11.009
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): blss--matter turnover--wastes utilization--biological systems--biophysics--martian surface analysis--physical chemistry--problem solving--biological life support systems--mars mission planetary base--matter turnover--wastes utilization--life support systems (spacecraft)
Аннотация: The study develops approaches to designing biological life support systems for the Mars mission - for the flight conditions and for a planetary base - using experience of the Institute of Biophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBP SB RAS) with the Bios-3 system and ESA's experience with the MELISSA program. Variants of a BLSS based on using Chlorella and/or Spirulina and higher plants for the flight period of the Mars mission are analyzed. It is proposed constructing a BLSS with a closed-loop material cycle for gas and water and for part of human waste. A higher-plant-based BLSS with the mass exchange loop closed to various degrees is proposed for a Mars planetary base. Various versions of BLSS configuration and degree of closure of mass exchange are considered, depending on the duration of the Mars mission, the diet of the crew, and some other conditions. Special consideration is given to problems of reliability and sustainability of material cycling in BLSS, which are related to production of additional oxygen inside the system. Technologies of constructing BLSS of various configurations are proposed and substantiated. Reasons are given for using physicochemical methods in BLSS as secondary tools both during the flight and the stay on Mars. В© 2007.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Galayda Y.V., Loginova N.S.
Заглавие : Population dynamics of an algal-bacterial cenosis in closed ecological system
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: EARTH AND SPACE APPLICATIONS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2005. - Vol. 35: Workshop on Closed Ecological Systems (JUL, 2004, Paris, FRANCE), Is. 9. - С. 1579-1583. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2005.03.073
Примечания : Cited References: 14
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): microalgae-bacteria relationships--photosynthates--detritus--chlorella--biotic cycle
Аннотация: The paper deals with microalgae-bacteria interrelationships in the "autotroph-heterotroph" aquatic biotic cycle. Explanations of why and how algal-bacterial ecosystems are formed still remain controversial. The paper presents results of experimental and theoretical investigations of the functioning of the algal-bacterial cenosis (the microalga Chlorella vulgaris and concomitant microflora). The Chlorella microbial community is dominated by representatives of the genus Pseudomonas. Experiments with non-sterile batch cultures of Chlorella on Tamiya medium showed that the biomass of microorganisms increases simultaneously with the increase in microalgal biomass. The microflora of Chlorella can grow on organic substances released by photosynthesizing Chlorella. Microorganisms can also use dying Chlorella cells, i.e. form a "producer-reducer" biocycle. To get a better insight into the cenosis-forming role of microalgae, a mathematical model of the "autotroph-heterotroph" aquatic biotic cycle has been constructed, taking into account the utilization of Chlorella photosynthates and dead cells by microorganisms and the contribution of the components to the nitrogen cycle. A theoretical study showed that the biomass of concomitant bacteria grown on glucose and detritus is larger than the biomass of bacteria utilizing only microalgal photosynthates, which agrees well with the experimental data. (c) 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S.
Заглавие : Management and control of microbial populations' development in LSS of missions of different durations
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2005. - Vol. 35, Is. 9 SPEC. ISS. - С. 1621-1625. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2004.12.046
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): long-term missions--lss--macro- and microorganism--microbial populations--ecosystems--population statistics--probability--recycling--life support systems (lss)--long-term mission--macro-and microorganism--microbial populations--microorganisms--aerospace medicine--bioreactor--bioremediation--chlorella--conference paper--drug resistance--human--hygiene--immune system--instrumentation--methodology--microbiology--microclimate--physiology--space flight--waste management--weightlessness--aerospace medicine--biodegradation, environmental--bioreactors--chlorella--drug resistance--ecological systems, closed--environmental microbiology--humans--hygiene--immune system--life support systems--space flight--waste management--weightlessness
Аннотация: The problem of interaction between man and microorganisms in closed habitats is an inextricable part of the whole problem of co-existence between macro- and microorganisms. Concerning the support of human life in closed habitat, we can, conventionally, divide microorganisms, acting in life support system (LSS) into three groups: useful, neutral and harmful. The tasks, for human beings for optimal coexistence with microhabitants seem to be trivial: (1) to increase the activity of useful forms, (2) decrease the activity harmful forms, (3) not allow the neutral forms to become the harmful ones and even to help them to gain useful activity. The task of efficient management and control of microbial population's development in LSS highly depends on mission duration. As for short-term missions without recycling, the proper hygienic procedures are developed. For longer missions, the probability of transformation of the neutral forms into the harmful ones is becoming more dangerous. The LSS for long-term missions are to use cycling-recycling systems, including system with biological recycling. In these systems, microbial populations as regenerative link should be useful and active agents. Some problems of microbial populations control and management are discussed in the paper. В© 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Galayda Y.V., Shirobokova I.M.
Заглавие : Experimental and mathematical modeling of the consumer's influence on productivity of algae in a model aquatic ecosystem
Колич.характеристики :7 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS: EARTH AND SPACE APPLICATIONS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH-SERIES: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2005. - Vol. 35: Workshop on Closed Ecological Systems (JUL, 2004, Paris, FRANCE), Is. 9. - P1521-1527. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2004.12.048
Примечания : Cited References: 10
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): producer--consumer--nitrogen cycling--mathematical modeling
Аннотация: A "producer-consumer" (Chlorella vulgaris-Paramecium caudatum) closed aquatic system has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. It has been found that there is a direct relationship between the growth of the paramecia population and their release of ammonia nitrogen, which is the best form of nitrogen for Chlorella growth. The theoretical study of a model of a "producer-consumer" aquatic biotic cycle with spatially separated compartments has confirmed the contribution of paramecia to nitrogen cycling. It has been shown that an increase in the concentration of nitrogen released as metabolites of paramecia is accompanied by an increase in the productivity of microalgae. (c) 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Bogdanova O.N.
Заглавие : An experimental study and a mathematical model of interactions in a mixed culture of invertebrates and algae in the Producer-Consumer aquatic biotic cycle
Колич.характеристики :6 с
Место публикации : Biofizika: MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA, 2004. - Vol. 49, Is. 6. - С. 1112-1117. - ISSN 0006-3029
Примечания : Cited References: 22
Предметные рубрики: PREY
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): mixed culture--invertebrates--algae--metabolic products
Аннотация: An experimental investigation was carried out, and a mathematical model of interaction between invertebrates (infusoria Paramecium caudatum and rotifera Brachionus plicatilis) and algae (Chlorella vulgaris and S enedesmus quadricauda) in the producer-consumer aquatic biotic cycle with spatially divided links was constructed. The model describes the dynamics of a mixed culture of infusoria and rotifera in the consumer link, when they consume a mixed culture of algae coming from the producer link. A negative influence of products of algae Scenedesmus metabolism upon the reproduction of infusoria P. caudatum was revealed. Taking this into account, a qualitative coincidence of the results of mathematical modeling with experimental data was obtained. It was shown that the co-existence of mixed algae culture in the producer link with invertebrates in the consumer link in the producer-consumer aquatic biotic cycle is impossible because of the displacement of infusoria P. caudatum by rotifera Brachionus plicatilis.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Bogdanova O.N.
Заглавие : A mathematical model of the interactions in the mixed culture of invertebrates and algae in the "producer-consumer" aquatic biotic cycle
Колич.характеристики :9 с
Место публикации : Aquat. Ecol.: KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL, 2004. - Vol. 38, Is. 3. - P415-423. - ISSN 1386-2588
Примечания : Cited References: 19
Предметные рубрики: RESOURCE COMPETITION
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): competition--metabolite interaction--principle of competitive exclusion
Аннотация: This paper presents a mathematical model of interactions between two herbivorous invertebrates (ciliate Paramecium caudatum and rotifer Brachionus plicatilis) and two planktonic algae (Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus quadricauda) spatially segregated in two compartments of a chemostat - type experimental microcosm system. The model mimics a "producer-consumer" aquatic biotic cycle, describing the dynamics of the mixed culture of ciliates and rotifers, as "consumer" compartment, feeding on the mixed algal culture, as "producer" compartment, under N-limiting conditions. We experimentally found that metabolites of the alga Scenedesmus produce an adverse effect on the reproduction of ciliate Paramecium. Taking this effect into account improved the behavior of the model, the results of which came into qualitative agreement with the experimental results. Both our experimental and modeling approaches demonstrated that, even in conditions of a spatially - segregated "producer-consumer" biotic cycle, species coexistence is impossible either in the mixed algal culture or in the mixed invertebrate culture. Scenedesmus excluded Chlorella, whereas Brachionus excluded Paramecium.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N., Kalacheva G.S., Zhila N.O., Gladyshev M.I., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : A temperature dependence of the intra- and extracellular fatty-acid composition of green algae and cyanobacterium
Колич.характеристики :7 с
Место публикации : Russ. J. Plant Physiol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 2003. - Vol. 50, Is. 3. - P374-380. - ISSN 1021-4437, DOI 10.1023/A:1023830405898
Примечания : Cited References: 31
Предметные рубрики: SURFACE-FILM
LIPIDS
WATER
BLOOM
SEA
BAY
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): green algae--cyanobacterium--lipids--fatty acids--secretion
Аннотация: The effect of ambient temperature on the composition of intracellular fatty acids and the release of free fatty acids (FFA) into a medium by cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis and eukaryotic microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris and Botryococcus braunii, was studied using their batch cultures. It was found that all the species studied, regardless of their taxonomic status, responded to the temperature regime by similar changes in their intracellular fatty acid composition: the relative content of more unsaturated fatty acids decreased with the elevation of temperature. At the same time, in the prokaryote, this temperature shift blocked, first of all, the elongation of 16:0 to 18:0 and then their further desaturation. In eukaryotes, the change in the desaturation of dienoic to trienoic fatty acids was the most pronounced process. The ratio of dienoic to trienoic fatty acids remained almost unchanged in S. platensis. The relative content of extracellular unsaturated FFA increased in the prokaryotic organism S. platensis at a higher temperature. But no significant changes in the composition of extracellular unsaturated FFA were detected in eukaryotic algae upon temperature elevation.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Degermendzhy A.G., Rodicheva E.K.
Заглавие : Self-restoration as fundamental property of CES providing their sustainability
Колич.характеристики :8 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - P1641-1648. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00111-X
Примечания : Cited References: 8
Предметные рубрики: LIFE-SUPPORT
Аннотация: Sustainability is one of the most important criteria in the creation and evaluation of human life support systems intended for use during long space flights. The common feature of biological and physicochemical life support systems is that basically they are both catalytic. But there are two fundamental properties distinguishing biological systems: 1) they are auto-catalytic: their catalysts - enzymes of protein nature - are continuously reproduced when the system functions; 2) the program of every process performed by enzymes and the program of their reproduction are inherent in the biological system itself - in the totality of genomes of the species involved in the functioning of the ecosystem. Actually, one cell with the genome capable of the phenotypic realization is enough for the self-restoration of the function performed by the cells of this species in the ecosystem. The continuous microalgal culture of Chlorella vulgaris was taken to investigate quantitatively the process of self-restoration in unicellular algae population. Based on the data obtained, we proposed a mathematical model of the restoration process in a cell population that has suffered an acute radiation damage. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Somova L.A.
Заглавие : Interaction of a mixed yeast culture in an "autotroph-heterotroph" system with a closed atmosphere cycle and spatially separated components
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 7. - С. 1751-1756. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00116-9
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): metabolism--oxygen--substrates--yeast--closed atmosphere cycle--space research--carbon dioxide--oxygen--biosphere--anaerobic growth--article--biomass--candida--chlorella--comparative study--culture medium--ecosystem--growth, development and aging--metabolism--microclimate--anaerobiosis--biomass--candida--carbon dioxide--chlorella--culture media--ecological systems, closed--ecosystem--environment, controlled--oxygen
Аннотация: The study considers an experimental model of the "autotroph-heterotroph" system with a closed atmosphere cycle, in which the heterotrophic link is a mixed yeast population. The autotrophic link is represented by the algae Chlorella vulgaris and the heterotrophic link by the yeasts Candida utilis and Candida guilliermondii. The controls are populations of Chlorella and the same yeasts isolated from the atmosphere. It has been shown that the outcome of competition in the heterotrophic link depends on the strategy of the yeast population towards the substrate and oxygen. The C. utilis population quickly utilizes the substrate as it is an r-strategist and is less sensitive to oxygen deficiency. The C. guilliermondii population consumes low concentrations of the substrate because it is a K-strategist, but it is more sensitive to oxygen deficiency. That is why, in the "autotroph-heterotroph" system with a closed gas cycle, after a considerable amount of the substrate has been consumed, the C. guilliermondii population becomes more competitive that the C. utilis population. In the culture of yeasts, isolated from the atmosphere, the C. utilis population finds itself in more favorable conditions due to oxygen deficiency. The system with a complex heterotrophic component survive longer than a system whose heterotrophic component is represented by only one yeast species. This is explained for by the positive metabolite interaction of yeasts and a more complete utilization of the substrate by a mixed culture of yeasts featuring different strategies towards the substrate. В© 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N., Kalacheva G.S., Zhila N.O., Gladyshev M.I., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : A Temperature Dependence of the Intra- and Extracellular Fatty-Acid Composition of Green Algae and Cyanobacterium
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. - 2003. - Vol. 50, Is. 3. - С. 374-380. - ISSN 10214437 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1023830405898
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): cyanobacterium--fatty acids--green algae--lipids--secretion--algae--bacteria (microorganisms)--botryococcus braunii--chlorella vulgaris--chlorophyta--eukaryota--prokaryota--spirulina--spirulina platensis
Аннотация: The effect of ambient temperature on the composition of intracellular fatty acids and the release of free fatty acids (FFA) into a medium by cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis and eukaryotic microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris and Botryococcus braunii, was studied using their batch cultures. It was found that all the species studied, regardless of their taxonomic status, responded to the temperature regime by similar changes in their intracellular fatty acid composition: the relative content of more unsaturated fatty acids decreased with the elevation of temperature. At the same time, in the prokaryote, this temperature shift blocked, first of all, the elongation of 16: 0 to 18:0 and then their further desaturation. In eukaryotes, the change in the desaturation of dienoic to trienoic fatty acids was the most pronounced process. The ratio of dienoic to trienoic fatty acids remained almost unchanged in S. platensis. The relative content of extracellular unsaturated FFA increased in the prokaryotic organism S. platensis at a higher temperature. But no significant changes in the composition of extracellular unsaturated FFA were detected in eukaryotic algae upon temperature elevation.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Somova L.A.
Заглавие : Competition of the natural and manmade biotic cycles in the closed aquatic system
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - P1757-1761. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00117-0
Примечания : Cited References: 10
Аннотация: This study addresses competition between the Paramecium bursaria and zoochlorella - endosymbiosis and the infusoria Paramecium caudatum in a closed aquatic system. The system is a natural model of a simple biotic cycle. P. bursaria consumes glucose and oxygen released by its zoochlorella and releases nitrogenous compounds and carbon dioxide necessary for algal photosynthesis. P. caudatum was fed on bacteria. It was shown that the infusoria P. bursaria united in one cycle with Chlorella had a higher competitive ability than P. caudatum. With any initial percentage of the infusoria in the mixed culture, the end portion of P. bursaria reached 90 - 99%, which was significantly higher than the end portion of the P. caudatum population. It is assumed that the sustenance expenditures of P. caudatum were greater than those of the endosymbiotic paramecium, i.e. the closing of the components into a biotic cycle leads to a decrease in sustenance expenditures. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Somova L.A.
Заглавие : Interaction of a mixed yeast culture in an "autotroph-heterotroph" system with a closed atmosphere cycle and spatially separated components
Колич.характеристики :6 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - P1751-1756. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00116-9
Примечания : Cited References: 10
Аннотация: The study considers an experimental model of the "autotroph-heterotroph" system with a closed atmosphere cycle, in which the heterotrophic link is a mixed yeast population. The autotrophic link is represented by the algae Chlorella vulgaris and the heterotrophic link by the yeasts Candida utilis and Candida guilliermondii. The controls are populations of Chlorella and the same yeasts isolated from the atmosphere. It has been shown that the outcome of competition in the heterotrophic link depends on the strategy of the yeast population towards the substrate and oxygen. The C. utilis population quickly utilizes the substrate as it is an r-strategist and is less sensitive to oxygen deficiency. The C guilliermondii population consumes low concentrations of the substrate because it is a K-strategist, but it is more sensitive to oxygen deficiency. That is why, in the "autotroph-heterotroph" system with a closed gas cycle, after a considerable amount of the substrate has been consumed, the C. guilliermondii population becomes more competitive that the C utilis population. In the culture of yeasts, isolated from the atmosphere, the C utilis population finds itself in more favorable conditions due to oxygen deficiency. The system with a complex heterotrophic component survive longer than a system whose heterotrophic component is represented by only one yeast species. This is explained for by the positive metabolite interaction of yeasts and a more complete utilization of the substrate by a mixed culture of yeasts featuring different strategies towards the substrate. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I.
Заглавие : Competition between populations in the consumer-producer trophic chain in a closed aquatic system
Колич.характеристики :4 с
Место публикации : Russ. J. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 2003. - Vol. 34, Is. 4. - P267-270. - ISSN 1067-4136, DOI 10.1023/A:1024549916165
Примечания : Cited References: 17
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): producer--consumer--competition--ecosystem
Аннотация: The functioning of a closed aquatic consumer-producer system with spatially separated links, with each link consisting of two species, is considered. Competition between the consumers (infusorians Paratnechan caudatum and rotifers Brachionus sp.) feeding on a mixed algal culture (Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus sp.) and competition between these algae under conditions of limited nitrogen supply are analyzed. It is shown that Scenedesmus algae have an advantage over C. vulgaris in terms of competitiveness, and their metabolic products have an adverse effect on reproduction in infusorians.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Degermendzhy A.G., Rodicheva E.K.
Заглавие : Self-restoration as fundamental property of CES providing their sustainability
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 7. - С. 1641-1648. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00111-X
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biocatalysts--ecosystems--genes--life support systems (spacecraft)--radiation damage--cell populations--space flight--space shuttle--article--biological model--biomass--cell division--chlorella--cytology--growth, development and aging--microclimate--radiation exposure--radiation response--ultraviolet radiation--biomass--cell division--chlorella--dose-response relationship, radiation--ecological systems, closed--life support systems--models, biological--ultraviolet rays
Аннотация: Sustainability is one of the most important criteria and evaluation of human life support systems intended for use during long space flights. The common feature of biological and physicochemical life support systems is that basically they are both catalytic. But there are two fundamental properties distinguishing biological systems: 1) they are auto-catalytic: their catalysts - enzymes of protein nature - are continuously reproduced when the system functions; 2) the program of every process performed by enzymes and the program of their reproduction are inherent in the biological system itself - in the totality of genomes of the species involved in the functioning of the ecosystem. Actually, one cell with the genome capable of the phenotypic realization is enough for the self-restoration of the function performed by the cells of this species in the ecosystem. The continuous microalgal culture of Chlorella vulgaris was taken to investigate quantitatively the process of self-restoration in unicellular algae population. Based on the data obtained, we proposed a mathematical model of the restoration process in a cell population that has suffered an acute radiation damage. В© 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Somova L.A.
Заглавие : Competition of the natural and manmade biotic cycles in the closed aquatic system
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 7. - С. 1757-1761. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00117-0
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--glucose--nitrogen compounds--oxygen--biotic cycle--space research--carbon dioxide--nitrogen--aquatic ecosystem--biosphere--competition (ecology)--endosymbiont--animal--article--bacterium--chlorella--comparative study--culture medium--food chain--growth, development and aging--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--paramecium--photosynthesis--physiology--symbiosis--time--animals--bacteria--carbon dioxide--chlorella--culture media--ecological systems, closed--food chain--nitrogen--paramecium--photosynthesis--symbiosis--time factors--water microbiology
Аннотация: This study addresses competition between the Paramecium bursaria and zoochlorella - endosymbiosis and the infusoria Paramecium caudatum in a closed aquatic system. The system is a natural model of a simple biotic cycle. P. bursaria consumes glucose and oxygen released by its zoochlorella and releases nitrogenous compounds and carbon dioxide necessary for algal photosynthesis. P. caudatum was fed on bacteria. It was shown that the infusoria P. bursaria united in one cycle with Chlorella had a higher competitive ability than P. caudatum. With any initial percentage of the infusoria in the mixed culture, the end portion of P. bursaria reached 90 - 99%, which was significantly higher than the end portion of the P. caudatum population. It is assumed that the sustenance expenditures of P. caudatum were greater than those of the endosymbiotic paramecium, i.e. the closing of the components into a biotic cycle leads to a decrease in sustenance expenditures. В© 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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