Библиотека института биофизики СО РАН

Главная

Базы данных

Труды сотрудников ИБФ СО РАН - результаты поиска

Вид поиска

Каталог книг и продолжающихся изданий библиотеки Института биофизики СО РАН

Иностранные журналы библиотеки Института биофизики СО РАН

Отечественные журналы библиотеки Института биофизики СО РАН

Каталог диссертаций ИБФ СО РАН

Труды сотрудников ИБФ СО РАН

Область поиска

в найденном

Найдено в других БД:

Каталог книг и продолжающихся изданий библиотеки Института биофизики СО РАН (1)

Формат представления найденных документов:
полный	информационный	краткий

Отсортировать найденные документы по:
автору	заглавию	году издания	типу документа

Поисковый запрос: (<.>K=Humans<.>)

Общее количество найденных документов : 63
Показаны документы с 1 по 20

1-20 21-40 41-60 61-63

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kirensky L.V., Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Y.N.
Заглавие : Theoretical and experimental decisions in the creation of an artificial ecosystem for human life support in space.
Место публикации : Life sciences and space research. - 1971. - Vol. 9. - С. 75-80. - ISSN 00759422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--bacterium--biotechnology--chlorella--energy metabolism--human--instrumentation--man machine interaction--metabolism--microclimate--space flight--weightlessness--bacteria--biotechnology--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--energy metabolism--environment, controlled--humans--life support systems--man-machine systems--space flight--weightlessness
Аннотация: All of man's former space flights were not real ventures into space in the biological sense, as his life was supported with unregenerated earth supplies. The coming stage of space exploration requires man's long existence in the cosmos and on the other planets. This stage of man's activity outside the earth become possible only by creating small man-made ecosystems, permitting the support of his metabolism by the recycling of substances of the terrestrial biosphere. Creation of such systems is a new scientific and technical task. Man-made ecosystems are a new product of man's activity, which have no complete analogy, either in nature, or in technology. Stochastic mechanisms, which stabilize biogeocenosis, cannot be effective in small ecosystems. A technique of parametric control over biosynthesis made it possible to calculate, and put to practice, an ecosystem for man with a cyclic regeneration of the atmosphere, water and, partially, food. The specific bio-technological properties of small man-made ecosystems are being analysed. The possibility of their application for man's excursions into space and for the settlement of other planets is being considered.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Sidko F.Ya., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Belyanin V.N., Trubachov I.N., Rerberg M.S.
Заглавие : Life support system with autonomous control employing plant photosynthesis
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1976. - Vol. 3, Is. 9-10. - С. 633-650. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biochemical engineering - photosynthesis--spacecraft--adaptation--article--chlorella--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--intestine--male--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--photosynthesis--physiology--plant--space flight--task performance--vegetable--water supply--wheat--adaptation, physiological--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--humans--intestines--life support systems--male--metabolism--photosynthesis--plants--space simulation--task performance and analysis--triticum--vegetables--water supply
Аннотация: This research was aimed at obtaining a closed control system. This was achieved by placing all the technological processes providing for human vital activities within the hermetically sealed space, and by transferring the entire control and guidance of these processes to people inhabiting the system. In contrast to existing biological life support systems, man has been included not only as a participant of metabolism, but as an operator who is the central figure in collecting information, making decisions and controlling all technological processes. To tackle this problem, the "BIOS-3" experimental complex was created for performing long-term experiments using different structures of biological life-support system. The experiment lasted six months and consisted of three stages. During the first stage the system was comprised of two equivalent phytotrons with the culture of wheat and an assortment of vegetable plants, and the living compartment. At the second stage, one of the phytotrons was removed while a compartment of chlorella cultivators was introduced. The third stage differed from the second, the former using wheat phytotron and the latter employing phytotron with an assortment of vegetable cultures. Three men inhabited the system simultaneously. The experiment demonstrated that a biological life support system controlled autonomously from the inside is feasible within a small confined space. However, immunological and microbiological research shows, that the medium created by the system is not fully adequate for man. In conclusion, some prospects have been outlined for further studies of biological life support systems. В© 1976.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovskii G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Sid'ko F.Ya., Trubachev I.N., Shilenko M.P., Alekseev S.S., Pan'kova I.M., Tirranen L.S.
Заглавие : Long-term experiments on man's stay in biological life-support system
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1989. - Vol. 9, Is. 8. - С. 65-71. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agricultural products--ecosystems--food products--personnel - health--space flight - manned flight--bios-3 complex--phytotrons--spacecraft--water--air conditioning--article--biomass--crop--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--light--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--photosynthesis--plant--waste management--wheat--air conditioning--biomass--crops, agricultural--ecological systems, closed--evaluation studies--humans--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plants--triticum--waste management--water
Аннотация: We describe the experimental system having maximal possible closure of material recycling in an ecosystem, including people and plants, which was carried out in a hermetically sealed experimental complex "BIOS-3", 315 m2 in volume. The system included 2 experimentators and 3 phytotrons with plants (total sowing area of 63 m2). Plants were grown with round-the-clock lamp irradiation with 130 Wm-2 PAR intensity. The plants production was food for people. Water exchange of ecosystem, as well as gas exchange, was fully closed excluding liquids and gas samples taken for chemical analysis outside the system. The total closure of material turnover constituted 91%. Health state of the crew was estimated before, during and after the experiment. A 5-months period did not affect their health. The experiments carried out prove that the closed ecosystem of "man-plants" is a prototype of a life-support system for long-term space expeditions. В© 1989.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I.
Заглавие : Biological life-support systems for Mars mission
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1992. - Vol. 12, Is. 5. - С. 167-192. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): air conditioning--alcaligenes--article--astronomy--biomass--chlorella--classification--comparative study--equipment design--human--instrumentation--microclimate--plant--solar energy--space flight--waste management--water management--air conditioning--alcaligenes--biomass--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--equipment design--humans--life support systems--mars--plants--solar energy--space flight--spacecraft--waste management--water purification
Аннотация: Mars mission like the Lunar base is the first venture to maintain human life beyond earth biosphere. So far, all manned space missions including the longest ones used stocked reserves and can not be considered egress from biosphere. В© 1991.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pechurkin N.
Заглавие : Biospherics: a new science
Место публикации : Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1994. - Vol. 1, Is. 2. - С. 85-87. - ISSN 10699422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--astronomy--human--microclimate--russian federation--space flight--theoretical model--earth (planet)--ecological systems, closed--humans--life support systems--models, theoretical--russia--space flight
Аннотация: The experience of human existence in the last few decades shows clearly that developed civilizations come into greater and greater antagonism with nature. Modern technology cannot on its own coexist easily with the biosphere without destroying key biological components. The necessity of comprehending the laws of development of the biosphere as a single whole is becoming more and more obvious and urgent. Because it is so precious and fragile, the biosphere cannot be subjected to any direct study which may harm it. Therefore this science depends on the study of analogs and small models such as artificial ecological systems with differing degrees of complexity and closure. On such model ecosystems we can (and must) study both the particular laws of development of individual elements and components of the ecosystems, and the general principles of turnover of the entire biospheric system. As this new science is being formed, it is necessary to develop the scientific basis of harmonizing the relationship of humanity and nature, to open the path to the next phase, termed the noosphere by Vernadsky. The principal objects of study are closed ecological systems, from simple microsystems to more sophisticated human life-support systems under extreme conditions on the Earth and in space. Biospherics by its very nature knows no political boundaries, and is by necessity an international effort. As such, it is deserving of support both intellectually and economically from all peoples.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I.
Заглавие : Man-made closed ecosystems-instruments for future space exploration by man
Место публикации : SAE Technical Papers. - 1994. - 24th International Conference on Environmental Systems and 5th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems (20 June 1994 through 23 June 1994, Friedrichshafen. - , DOI 10.4271/941611
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): human knowledge--international researches--long-term effects--low concentrations--russian academy of sciences--siberia--space explorations--space research--ecosystems
Аннотация: Artificial, closed ecosystems are potentially useful tools with which to explore ecosystem interactions, allowing investigations of the biology, physiology and biophysics of complex communities. They can also be used to evaluate the long-term effects of environmental constituents that are usually present at very low concentrations. The introduction of humans into such systems extends their usefulness even further, allowing the study of the influence of the environment on people, and the effects of people on the environment. Because of the great potential of such systems in adding to human knowledge, and their considerable expense, it is appropriate that such activities be international studies. The Institute of Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Siberian Branch) has established, The International Research Center for Closed Ecosystems (Biospherics). It is located in Central Siberia near Krasnoyarsk on the Yenissei river, and is open to all interested investigators. В© Copyright 1994 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I. U - Okladnikov YuN
Заглавие : Man as a component of a closed ecological life support system
Место публикации : Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1994. - Vol. 1, Is. 2. - С. 73-81. - ISSN 10699422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--oxygen--article--blood analysis--blood cell count--breathing--construction work and architectural phenomena--crop--diet--growth, development and aging--human--metabolism--microclimate--physiology--russian federation--space flight--standard--waste management--water supply--blood cell count--blood chemical analysis--carbon dioxide--crops, agricultural--diet--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--facility design and construction--humans--life support systems--oxygen--respiration--russia--space flight--waste management--water supply
Аннотация: Material support of all manned space flights so far has been provided from a prestored stock of substances or replenished from the Earth's biosphere. Exploration of space will, however, become real only when man is able to break away from Earth completely, when he will be accompanied by a system providing everything necessary to sustain full-valued life for an unlimited time. The only known system to date meeting this requirement is the Earth's biosphere. To break away from his cradle, as K.E. Tsiolkovsky called Earth, it is necessary to devise a life support system functionally similar to the natural biosphere. This need not be similar in structure to the vast diversity of trophic relationships available on Earth, but requires the solution of a multitude of various problems of an ecological, physiological, engineering and social-psychological nature. Human life-support systems based on biological regeneration of environments in small volumes have been studied at the Institute of Biophysics (Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) over many years. This work has resulted in the design of Bios-3, a biologically-based self-sustained human life support system.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., V B., Grigoriev A.I., Lisovsky G.M., Manukovsky N.S., Sinyak Y.u.E., Ushakova S.A.
Заглавие : Biological-physical-chemical aspects of a human life support system for a lunar base
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1995. - Vol. 37, Is. C. - С. 385-394. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): animal--aquaculture--article--biomass--construction work and architectural phenomena--cyprinodontiformes--filtration--growth, development and aging--human--microbiology--microclimate--moon--nutritional value--photoperiodicity--plant--space flight--standard--tilapia--waste management--water management--wheat--animals--aquaculture--biomass--cyprinodontiformes--ecological systems, closed--facility design and construction--filtration--humans--life support systems--moon--nutritive value--photoperiod--plants, edible--space flight--tilapia--triticum--waste management--water microbiology--water purification
Аннотация: To create a life support system based on biological and physical-chemical processes is the optimum solution providing full-valued condidtions for existence and efficient work of people at a lunar base. Long-standing experinece in experimental research or closed ecosystems and their components allows us to suggest a realistic functional structure of the lunar base and to estimate qualitatively its parameters. The original restrictions are as follows: 1) the basic source of energy to support the biological processes has to be the solar radiation; 2) the initial amount of basic biological elelments forming the turnover of substances (C, O, H, P, K, N) has to be delivered from Earth; 3). Moon materials are not to be used in the biological turnover inside the base; 4) the base is to supply the crew fully with atmosphere and water, and with 90% (A scenario) or 40% (B scenario) of food. Experimental data about the plant productivity under the "Moon" rhythm of light and darkness allow us to suggest that the A scenario requires per one human: plant area - 40 m2 irradiated during the lunar day by 250-300 W/m2 PAR producing 1250 g of dry biomass a terrestrial day; a heterotrophic component of "biological incineration" of inedible plant biomass (800 g/day) including the aquaculture of fish to produce animal products and contaminating the environment less than birds and mammals, and the culture of edible mushrooms; a component of physical-chemical correction for the LSS envi ronment including the subsystems of: deep oxidation of organic impurities in the atmosphere and of water, organic wastes of human activity and that biological components (420 g/day) Co2 concentration in "Moon" nights, damping O2 in "Moon" days, etc. The stock of presotred or delivered from Earth substances (food additions, seeds, etc.) to be involved in biological turnover is to be about 50 kg/year per man. Increase of the mass of prestored substances per man up to 220 kg/year would reduce twice the plant area and consumed amount of radiant energy to exclude the components of "biological incineration" and physical-chemical destruction of organic wastes. В© 1995.
Scopus
Найти похожие

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., Okladnikov Yu.N.
Заглавие : Consistency of gas exchange of man and plants in a closed ecological system: Lines of attack on the problem
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1996. - Vol. 18, Is. 1-2. - С. 205-210. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--oxygen--article--atmosphere--biological model--breathing--human--metabolism--microclimate--nutrition--photosynthesis--physiology--plant--plant physiology--atmosphere--carbon dioxide--ecological systems, closed--humans--models, biological--nutrition physiology--oxygen--photosynthesis--plant physiology--plants--respiration
Аннотация: Gas exchange between man and plants in a closed ecological system based on atmosphere regeneration by plant photosynthesis is made consistent by attaining the equilibrium of human CO2 discharge and the productivity of the gas consuming bioregenerator. In this case the gas exchange might be, however, qualitatively disturbed from the equilibrium in terms of oxygen making it accumulate or decrease continuously in the air of the system. Gas exchange equilibrium in terms of O2 was attained in long-term experiments by equality of the human respiration coefficient and the plant assimilation coefficient. Varying the ratio of these parameters it is possible to control the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere to be reclaimed.
Scopus
Найти похожие

10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bartsev S.I., Gitelson J.I., Lisovsky G.M., Mezhevikin V.V., Okhonin V.A.
Заглавие : Perspectives of different type biological life support systems (BLSS) usage in space missions
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1996. - Vol. 39, Is. 8. - С. 617-622. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(97)00012-X
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--bacterium--comparative study--construction work and architectural phenomena--environmental planning--green alga--human--instrumentation--mathematics--microclimate--moon--plant--quality of life--space flight--standard--weightlessness--algae, green--bacteria--ecological systems, closed--environment design--environment, controlled--facility design and construction--humans--life support systems--mathematics--moon--plants--quality of life--space flight--weightlessness--biology--life support systems (spacecraft)--spreadsheets--biological life support systems (blss)--lunar missions
Аннотация: In the paper an attempt is made to combine three important criteria of LSS comparison: minimum mass, maximum safety and maximum quality of life. Well-known types of BLSS were considered: with higher plant, higher plants and mushrooms, microalgae, and hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. These BLSSs were compared in terms of "integrated" mass for the case of a vegetarian diet and a "normal" one (with animal proteins and fats). It was shown that the BLSS with higher plants and incineration of wastes becomes the best when the exploitation period is more than 1 yr. The dependence of higher plants' LSS structure on operation time was found. Comparison of BLSSs in terms of integral reliability (this criterion includes mass and quality of life criteria) for a lunar base scenario showed that BLSSs with higher plants are advantageous in reliability and comfort. This comparison was made for achieved level of technology of closing and for perspective one. В© 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Scopus
Найти похожие

11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Lisovsky G.M., Gitelson J.I., Shilenko M.P., Gribovskaya I.V., Trubachev I.N.
Заглавие : Direct utilization of human liquid wastes by plants in a closed ecosystem
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1801-1804. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fertilizer--nitrogen--sodium chloride--urea--article--biomass--culture medium--feasibility study--human--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--sewage--urine--waste management--wheat--biomass--culture media--ecological systems, closed--feasibility studies--fertilizers--humans--nitrogen--sodium chloride--triticum--urea--urine--waste disposal, fluid--waste management
Аннотация: Model experiments in phytotrons have shown that urea is able to cover 70% of the demand in nitrogen of the conveyer cultivated wheat. At the same time wheat plants can directly utilize human liquid wastes. In this article by human liquid wastes the authors mean human urine only. In a long-term experiment on "man-higher plants" system with two crewmen, plants covered 63 m2, with wheat planted to - 39.6 m2. For 103 days, complete human urine (total amount - 210.7 1) wassupplied into the nutrient solution for wheat. In a month and a half NaCl supply into the nutrient solution stabilized at 0.9-1.65 g/l. This salination had no marked effect on wheat production. The experiment revealed the realistic feasibility to directly involve liquid wastes into the biological turnover of the life support system. The closure of the system, in terms of water, increased by 15.7% and the supply of nutrients for wheat plants into the system was decreased. Closedness of biological turnover of matter in a man-made "man - higher plants" ecological system might involve, among other processes, direct utilization of human liquid wastes by plants. The amount of urine comprises 15-20% of the total amount of water cycling within the system including water as part of food, household, hygiene and potable water necessary for man. What is more, it they contains most nitrogen-bearing compounds emitted by man, almost all of the NaCl and some other substances involved in the biological turnover. Human liquid wastes can be utilized either by preliminary physical-chemical treatment (evaporating or freezing out the water, finally oxidizing the organic matter, isolating the mineral components required for plants, etc.) and further involvement of the obtained products or by direct application into the nutrient solution for plants. The challenge of direct utilization is that plants have no need of Na+ and Cl-, and also the organic forms of nitrogen emitted by man cannot fully meet the demand of plants forthis element. Besides, hygienic and/or psychological reasons make it desirable to avoid direct use of liquid wastes in the nutrient solutions that would have direct contact with edible part of plants (tubers, roots, bulbs). Feasibility of direct utilization of liquid wastes by plants in a closed "man - higher plants" ecosystem has been experimentally studied on wheat - grain culture as a model plant with the edible part in the form of seeds spatially dissociated with the nutrient medium. The wheat covered 60-65% of the area under higher plants. The studies have been carried out in "Bios-3"experimental facility described in detail elsewhere (Lisovsky, 1979; Gitelson et al., 1989). В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Scopus
Найти похожие

12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Salisbury F.B., Gitelson J.I., Lisovsky G.M.
Заглавие : Bios-3: Siberian experiments in bioregenerative life support
Место публикации : BioScience. - 1997. - Vol. 47, Is. 9. - С. 575-585. - ISSN 00063568 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agriculture--chlorella--construction work and architectural phenomena--crop--energy metabolism--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--metabolism--methodology--microbiology--microclimate--nasa discipline life support systems--non-nasa center--photon--review--russian federation--space flight--nasa discipline life support systems--non-nasa center--agriculture--chlorella--crops, agricultural--ecological systems, closed--energy metabolism--environment, controlled--environmental microbiology--evaluation studies--facility design and construction--humans--life support systems--photons--siberia--space flight--space simulation
Scopus
Найти похожие

13.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kudenko Y.A., Gribovskaya I.V., Pavlenko R.A.
Заглавие : Mineralization of wastes of human vital activity and plants in LSS
Колич.характеристики :4 с
Место публикации : SIXTH EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2. Ser. ESA SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS: EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY, 1997. - Vol. 400: 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems (MAY 20-22, 1997, NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS). - P803-806. - ISBN 0379-6566. - ISBN 92-9092-283-4
Примечания : Cited References: 0
Аннотация: Available methods for mineralizing wastes of human activity and inedible biomass of plants used in this country and abroad are divided into two types: dry mineralization at high temperatures up to 1270 degrees K with subsequent partial dissolution of the ash and the other wet oxidation by acids. In this case mineralization is performed at the temperature of 470-460 degrees K and the pressure of 220-270 atmospheres in pure oxygen with the output of mineral solution and dissoluble sediments in the form of scale. The drawback of the former method is formation of dioxins, CO, SO2, NO2 and other toxic compounds. The latter method is too sophisticated and presently is confined to bench testing. The proposed method to mineralize the wastes is in mid-position between the thermal and physical chemical methods. At the temperature of 80-90 degrees C the mixture was exposed to controlled electromagnetic field at normal atmospheric pressure. The method merits simplicity, reliability, produces no dissoluble sediment, emissions noxious for humans and plants. The basic difference from the above said methods is to employ for oxidizer atomic oxygen, its active forms including OH-radicals with hydrogen peroxide as the source. Hydrogen peroxide can be produced with electric power from water inside LSS.
WOS
Найти похожие

14.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gribovskaya I.V., Rygalov V.Y.
Заглавие : Trace elements exchange in experimental closed life support systems
Колич.характеристики :4 с
Место публикации : SIXTH EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2. Ser. ESA SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS: EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY, 1997. - Vol. 400: 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems (MAY 20-22, 1997, NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS). - P859-862. - ISBN 0379-6566. - ISBN 92-9092-283-4
Примечания : Cited References: 0
Аннотация: Measurements of trace elements incoming and exiting ''Bios-3'' biological-engineering life support system evidence presence of a source of these elements inside the system. This source is, most probably, structural units (steel walls, hose rubber, plastic coatings), catalysts of the thermal catalytic incinerator, expanded clay aggregate mechanically fixing plants and so on. The trace elements are received by the nutrient solutions and build up in the plant biomass. As a consequence the crew may receive elevated doses of such trace elements as aluminum, lead, nickel, chromium. To reduce income of trace elements to LSS requires thorough selection and preliminary treatment of structural materials with reduced desorption capacities and running-in of the system in idle mode prior to exploitation. This mode involves operation of the engineering part of the system (without plants and humans, but with nutrient solutions) for several months.
WOS
Найти похожие

15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., Tirranen L.S., Borodina E.V., Rygalov V.Ye.
Заглавие : Impaired growth of plants cultivated in a closed system: Possible reasons
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1927-1930. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): air conditioning--air pollutant--article--culture medium--growth, development and aging--human--hydroponics--methodology--microbiology--microclimate--plant--sewage--wheat--air conditioning--air pollutants--culture media--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--humans--hydroponics--life support systems--plants--triticum--waste disposal, fluid--water microbiology
Аннотация: Plants in experiments on "man-higher plants" closed ecosystem (CES) have been demonstrated to have inhibited growth and reduced productivity due to three basic factors: prolonged usage of a permanent nutrient solution introduction into the nutrient medium of intra-system gray water, and closure of the system. Gray water was detrimental to plants the longer the nutrient solution was used. However, higher plant growth was mostly affected by the gaseous composition of the CES atmosphere, through accumulation of volatile substances. В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Scopus
Найти похожие

16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ovchinnikova T.M., Savchenko A.A., Sukhovol'skii V.G., Khlebopros R.G.
Заглавие : Structural and temporal links between the components of humoral immunity.
Место публикации : Doklady Biochemistry. - 2000. - Vol. 374, Is. 1-6. - С. 186-188. - ISSN 00124958 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): immunoglobulin a--immunoglobulin d--immunoglobulin g--immunoglobulin m--antibody production--article--biological model--blood--herpes simplex--human--immunology--physiology--regression analysis--antibody formation--herpes simplex--humans--immunoglobulin a--immunoglobulin d--immunoglobulin g--immunoglobulin m--models, immunological--regression analysis
Scopus
Найти похожие

17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S.
Заглавие : Functional, regulatory and indicator features of microorganisms in man-made ecosystems
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2001. - Vol. 27, Is. 9. - С. 1563-1570. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00247-2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--carbon dioxide--ecosystems--life support systems (spacecraft)--photosynthesis--sewage treatment--soils--human microfloras--microorganisms--carbon--carbon dioxide--artificial ecosystem--article--biomass--bioreactor--ecosystem--human--intestine--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--plant root--sewage--wheat--biomass--bioreactors--carbon--carbon dioxide--ecological systems, closed--ecosystem--environmental microbiology--humans--intestines--life support systems--plant roots--sewage--triticum--waste disposal, fluid
Аннотация: Functional, regulatory and indicator features of microorganisms in development and functioning of the systems and sustaining stability of three man-made ecosystem types has been studied. 1) The functional (metabolic) feature was studied in aquatic ecosystems of biological treatment of sewage waters for the reducer component. 2) The regulatory feature of bacteria for plants (producer component) was studied in simple terrestrial systems "wheat plants-rhizospheric microorganisms - artificial soil" where the behavior of the system varied with activity of the microbial component. For example with atmospheric carbon dioxide content elevated microbes promote intensification of photosynthesis processes, without binding the carbon in the plant biomass. 3) The indicator feature for the humans (consumer component) was studied in Life Support Systems (LSS). High sensitivity of human microflora to system conditions allowed its use as an indicator of the state of both system components and the entire ecosystem. В© 2001 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Scopus
Найти похожие

18.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., Bartsev S.I., Mezhevikin V.V., Okhonin V.A.
Заглавие : An alternative approach to solar system exploration providing safety of human mission to Mars
Колич.характеристики :8 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: MISSIONS TO MARS, RADIATION BIOLOGY, AND PLANTS AS A FOUNDATION FOR LONG-TERM LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS IN SPACE. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: F0 1 and F1 3-F2 3 Symposia of COSPAR Scientific Commission F held at the 33rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly (JUL, 2000, WARSAW, POLAND), Is. 1. - P17-24. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(02)00657-9
Примечания : Cited References: 8
Предметные рубрики: SPACE
Аннотация: For systematic human Mars exploration, meeting crew safety requirements, it seems perspective to assemble into a spacecraft: an electrical rocket, a well-shielded long-term life support system, and a manipulator-robots operating in combined "presence effect" and "master-slave" mode. The electrical spacecraft would carry humans to the orbit of Mars, providing short distance (and low signal time delay) between operator and robot-manipulators, which are landed on the surface of the planet. Long-term hybrid biological and physical/chemical LSS could provide environment supporting human health and well being. Robot-manipulators operating in "presence effect" and "master-slave" mode exclude necessity of human landing on Martian surface decreasing the level of risk for crew. Since crewmen would not have direct contact with the Martian environment then the problem of mutual biological protection is essentially reduced. Lightweight robot-manipulators, without heavy life support systems and without the necessity of returning to the mother vessel, could be sent as scouts to different places on the planet surface, scanning the most interesting for exobiological research site. Some approximate estimations of electric spacecraft, long-term hybrid LSS, radiation protection and mission parameters are conducted and discussed. (C) 2002 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
WOS
Найти похожие

19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sevastianov V.I., Perova N.V., Shishatskaya E.I., Kalacheva G.S., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : Production of purified polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) for applications in contact with blood
Место публикации : Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition. - 2003. - Vol. 14, Is. 10. - С. 1029-1042. - ISSN 09205063 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1163/156856203769231547
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ?-hydroxy acids--endotoxins--hemocompatibility--poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (phbv)--polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas)--polyhydroxybutyrate (phb)--bacterium lipopolysaccharide--carbon--complement--copolymer--hydroxyacid--long chain fatty acid--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid)--polyhydroxyalkanoic acid--valeric acid derivative--adult--article--biofilm--biotechnology--blood analysis--blood clotting--blood compatibility--cell function--chemical analysis--chemical composition--complement activation--concentration (parameters)--controlled study--gas chromatography--hemostasis--human--human cell--mass spectrometry--micromorphology--nonhuman--priority journal--purification--quantitative analysis--sampling--synthesis--thrombocyte adhesion--wautersia eutropha--biocompatible materials--blood--blood coagulation tests--chromatography, gas--complement activation--cupriavidus necator--fatty acids--humans--platelet adhesiveness--polyesters--surface properties
Аннотация: Samples of olyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and copolymers poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with 4 and 18 mol% hydroxyvalerate, synthesized by the bacteria Ralstonia eutropha B5786, were investigated. PHA films in contact with blood did not activate the hemostasis system at the level of cell response, but they did activate the coagulation system and the complement reaction. To detect biologically-active components in the PHAs, a detailed analysis of the composition of the polymers was conducted. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed long-chain fatty acids (FAs) in the tested PHAs. Their total concentration in the polymer ranged from tenths of mol% to 2-3 mol%, depending on the purification method. C16:0 constituted the largest proportion, up to 70%. Of the long-chain hydroxy acids, only ?-OH-C14:0 was detected and it did not exceed 0.06 mol%. The analysis of the hemocompatibility properties of the PHAs purified by a specialized procedure, including the quantitative and morphological estimation of platelets adherent to the surface of polymer films, the plasma recalcification time and complement activation studies, indicated that PHB and PHBV can be used in contact with blood. It has been found out that the lipopolysaccharides of bacteria producing PHAs, which contain mostly long-chain hydroxy acids, can be the factor activating the hemostasis systems. Thus, the technology of PHA purification must satisfy rather stringent specific requirements.
Scopus
Найти похожие

20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., Bartsev S.I., Mezhevikin V.V., Okhonin V.A.
Заглавие : An alternative approach to solar system exploration providing safety of human mission to Mars
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 1. - С. 17-24. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(02)00657-9
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): health care--parameter estimation--planets--radiation--safety factor--mars exploration--solar system--space technology--electricity--feasibility studies--human engineering--humans--life support systems--man-machine systems--mars--radiation protection--robotics--safety--solar system--space flight--spacecraft
Аннотация: For systematic human Mars exploration, meeting crew safety requirements, it seems perspective to assemble into a spacecraft: an electrical rocket, a well-shielded long-term life support system, and a manipulator-robots operating in combined "presence effect" and "master-slave" mode. The electrical spacecraft would carry humans to the orbit of Mars, providing short distance (and low signal time delay) between operator and robot-manipulators, which are landed on the surface of the planet. Long-term hybrid biological and physical/chemical LSS could provide environment supporting human health and well being. Robot-manipulators operating in "presence effect" and "master-slave" mode exclude necessity of human landing on Martian surface decreasing the level of risk for crew. Since crewmen would not have direct contact with the Martian environment then the problem of mutual biological protection is essentially reduced. Lightweight robot-manipulators, without heavy life support systems and without the necessity of returning to the mother vessel, could be sent as scouts to different places on the planet surface, scanning the most interesting for exobiological research site. Some approximate estimations of electric spacecraft, long-term hybrid LSS, radiation protection and mission parameters are conducted and discussed. В© 2002 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Scopus
Найти похожие