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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Bondareva L., Sukhorukov F., Melgunov M.
Заглавие : Accumulation of 242Pu by a macrophyte of the Yenisei River (Elodea canadensis) in laboratory experiments
Место публикации : Chemosphere. - 2009. - Vol. 75, Is. 3. - С. 284-288. - ISSN 00456535 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.12.036
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 242pu--accumulation--laboratory experiments--sequential extraction technique--submerged plant elodea canadensis--yenisei river--sup242/suppu--accumulation--laboratory experiments--sequential extraction technique--submerged plant elodea canadensis--yenisei river--biological materials--biomass--chemical plants--experiments--positive ions--rivers--plutonium--concentration (composition)--experimental study--laboratory method--macrophyte--plutonium isotope--river water--submerged vegetation--eurasia--russian federation--yenisei river--plutonium--article--biomass--chemistry--hydrocharitaceae--physiology--plant--radiation monitoring--river--time--water pollutant--biomass--hydrocharitaceae--plant shoots--plutonium--radiation monitoring--rivers--time factors--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: The study addresses 242Pu accumulation by Elodea canadensis, one of the abundant species of submerged plants in the Yenisei River. 242Pu in water samples of the "Elodea - Yenisei River water" model system and in the biomass fractions was determined ?-spectrometrically, following radiochemical recovery of 242Pu using 236Pu - a chemical yield tracer. The experiments on accumulation of 242Pu by Elodea biomass showed that the activity concentration of 242Pu can reach 21 В± 2 Bq/g dry wt, with the concentration factor for 242Pu 13100 В± 2100 L/kg dry wt. Results of chemical fractionation proved that during the first few hours of the experiment 242Pu contained in Elodea was mainly concentrated in the exchangeable and the adsorbed fractions of biomass (about 100%). As Elodea biomass accumulated 242Pu, the absolute amount of 242Pu in the exchangeable and the adsorbed fractions remained almost unchanged, although the portion of 242Pu tightly bound to biomass increased. At the end of the experiment, on day 7, 242Pu tightly bound to biomass (fractions of organics and mineral residue) constituted 43-63% (in different experiments) of the total 242Pu in the biomass. В© 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Murueva A.V., Shishatskaya E.I., Kuzmina A.M., Volova T.G., Sinskey A.J.
Заглавие : Microparticles prepared from biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates as matrix for encapsulation of cytostatic drug
Место публикации : Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. - 2013. - Vol. 24, Is. 8. - С. 1905-1915. - ISSN 09574530 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10856-013-4941-2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 3-hydroxybutyric acid--average diameter--cell attachments--chemical compositions--mass concentration--mouse-fibroblasts--polyhydroxyalkanoates--solvent evaporation techniques--biocompatibility--cell culture--cells--loading--3 hydroxybutyric acid--3 hydroxyhexanoic acid--4 hydroxybutyric acid--4',6 diamidino 2 phenylindole--dna--doxorubicin--nanoparticle--polyhydroxyalkanoic acid--polymer--polystyrene--solvent--unclassified drug--animal cell--article--biocompatibility--biodegradability--cell adhesion--cell proliferation--cell strain 3t3--cell viability--chemical composition--chemical structure--controlled study--cytotoxicity--drug efficacy--drug release--electrophoretic mobility--encapsulation--evaporation--fibroblast--in vitro study--nonhuman--particle size--priority journal--stain--study--surface charge--zeta potential
Аннотация: Microparticles made from degradable polyhydroxyalkanoates of different chemical compositions a homopolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, copolymers of 3-hydroxybutyric and 4-hydroxybutyric acids (P3HB/4HB), 3-hydroxybutyric and 3-hydroxyvaleric acids (P3HB/3HV), 3-hydroxybutyric and 3-hydroxyhexanoic acids (P3HB/3HHx) were prepared using the solvent evaporation technique, from double emulsions. The study addresses the influence of the chemical compositions on the size and ?-potential of microparticles. P3HB microparticles loaded with doxorubicin have been prepared and investigated. Their average diameter and ?-potential have been found to be dependent upon the level of loading (1, 5, and 10 % of the polymer mass). Investigation of the in vitro drug release behavior showed that the total drug released from the microparticle into the medium increased with mass concentration of the drug. In this study mouse fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells were cultivated on PHA microparticles, and results of using fluorescent DAPI DNA stain, and MTT assay showed that microparticles prepared from PHAs of different chemical compositions did not exhibit cytotoxicity to cells cultured on them and proved to be highly biocompatible. Cell attachment and proliferation on PHA microparticles were similar to those on polystyrene. The cytostatic drug encapsulated in P3HB/3HV microparticles has been proven to be effective against HeLa tumor cells. В© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T.G., Zhila N.O., Shishatskaya E.I., Mironov P.V., Vasil'Ev A.D., Sukovatyi A.G., Sinskey A.J.
Заглавие : The physicochemical properties of polyhydroxyalkanoates with different chemical structures
Место публикации : Polymer Science - Series A. - 2013. - Vol. 55, Is. 7. - С. 427-437. - ISSN 0965545X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0965545X13070080
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amorphous and crystalline phasis--degrees of crystallinity--physicochemical property--poly(3-hydroxybutirate)--polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer--temperature characteristic--thermal degradation temperatures--thermoplastic materials--copolymers--monomers--thermoplastic elastomers--structure (composition)
Аннотация: A set of polyhydroxyalkanoates are synthesized, and a comparative study of their physicochemical properties is performed. The molecular masses and polydispersities of polyhydroxyalkanoates are found to be independent of their chemical structures. It is shown that the temperature characteristics and degrees of crystallinity of polyhydroxyalkanoates are affected by the chemical compositions of the monomers and their quantitative contents in the polymers. The incorporation of 4-hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxyvalerate, and 3-hydroxyhexanoate units into the chain of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) decreases its melting point and thermal degradation temperature relative to these parameters of a homogeneous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) sample (175 В± 5 C and 275 В± 5 C, respectively). The higher the content of the second monomer units in the poly(3-hydroxybutirate) chain, the greater the changes. The degrees of crystallinity of polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers are generally lower than that of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (75 В± 5%). The effect on the ratio of the amorphous and crystalline phases of the copolymer samples becomes more pronounced in the series 3-hydroxy-valerate-3-hydroxyhexanoate-4- hydroxybutyrate. The prepared samples exhibit different properties ranging from rigid thermoplastic materials to engineering elastomers. В© 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Boyandin A., Kalacheva G.S., Medvedeva S., Rodicheva E., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : Luminous bacteria as producers of polyhydroxyalkanoates
Место публикации : Macromolecular Symposia. - 2008. - Vol. 269, Is. 1. - С. 17-22. - ISSN 10221360 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1002/masy.200850904
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): luminous bacteria--polyhydroxyalkanoates--polyhydroxybutyrate--abs resins--acids--bacteriology--batch cell culture--biological materials--biomass--biopolymers--biotechnology--cell culture--esters--hydrocarbons--organic compounds--polymers--renewable energy resources--supramolecular chemistry--batch cultures--dry cells--luminous bacteria--micro-organisms--photobacterium leiognathi--photobacterium phosphoreum--polyhydroxyalkanoates--polyhydroxybutyrate--polymer yields--vibrio fischeri--bioluminescence
Аннотация: The study addresses the ability of luminous bacteria of different taxa (Photobacterium leiognathi, Photobacterium phosphoreum, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio fischeri) to synthesize polyesters of hydrocarbon acids (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs) as storage macromolecules. The screened strains widely varied in their PHA productivity. Conditions for attaining high polymer yields (including two- and three-component polymers) in batch culture have been determined. The attained polymer yields reached 40-70% of dry cell biomass. The results suggest a conclusion that luminous microorganisms can be considered as producers of multi-component PHAs. Copyright В© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shishatskaya E.I., Voinova O.N., Goreva A.V., Mogilnaya O.A., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : Biocompatibility of polyhydroxybutyrate microspheres: In vitro and in vivo evaluation
Место публикации : Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. - 2008. - Vol. 19, Is. 6. - С. 2493-2502. - ISSN 09574530 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10856-007-3345-6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biocompatibility--drug delivery--fibroblasts--ion implantation--microspheres--polymer matrix--fibroblast cells--hydroxybutyric acid--intramuscular implantation--polyhydroxybutyrate--organic polymers--microsphere--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid)--polymer--animal cell--animal experiment--animal tissue--article--biocompatibility--cell infiltration--controlled study--giant cell--implantation--in vitro study--in vivo study--inflammation--macrophage--mouse--nonhuman--priority journal--rat--3-hydroxybutyric acid--animals--biocompatible materials--cell survival--inflammation--materials testing--mice--microspheres--necrosis--nih 3t3 cells--polymers--rats--rats, wistar--tetrazolium salts--thiazoles--time factors--rattus norvegicus
Аннотация: Microspheres have been prepared from the resorbable linear polyester of ?-hydroxybutyric acid (polyhydroxybutyrate, PHB) by the solvent evaporation technique and investigated in vitro and in vivo. Biocompatibility of the microspheres has been proved in tests in the culture of mouse fibroblast cell line NIH 3T3 and in experiments on intramuscular implantation of the microspheres to Wistar rats for 3 months. Tissue response to the implantation of polymeric microspheres has been found to consist in a mild inflammatory reaction, pronounced macrophage infiltration that increases over time, involving mono- and poly-nuclear foreign body giant cells that resorb the polymeric matrix. No fibrous capsules were formed around polymeric microparticles; neither necrosis nor any other adverse morphological changes and tissue transformation in response to the implantation of the PHB microparticles were recorded. The results of the study suggest that polyhydroxybutyrate is a good candidate for fabricating prolonged-action drugs in the form of microparticles intended for intramuscular injection. В© 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shishatskaya E.I., Khlusov I.A., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : A hybrid PHB-hydroxyapatite composite for biomedical application: Production, in vitro and in vivo investigation
Место публикации : Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition. - 2006. - Vol. 17, Is. 5. - С. 481-498. - ISSN 09205063 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1163/156856206776986242
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biocompatibility--hydroxyapatite (ha)--phb-hydroxyapatite composite--polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha)--polyhydroxybutyrate (p(3hb))--properties--biocompatibility--differential thermal analysis--electron microscopy--free energy--interfacial energy--physical properties--surface properties--x ray analysis--biomedical application--physicochemical properties--polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha)--polyhydroxybutyrate (phb)--hydroxyapatite--hydroxyapatite--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid)--polymer--biomaterial--hydroxybutyric acid--adhesion--animal cell--animal tissue--article--biomedicine--bone marrow cell--cell differentiation--cell growth--chemical structure--composite material--controlled study--crystallization--decomposition--electron microscopy--in vitro study--in vivo study--melting point--mouse--nonhuman--ossification--osteoblast--physical chemistry--priority journal--rat--strength--structure analysis--surface property--synthesis--temperature measurement--thermal analysis--tissue engineering--wettability--animal--biomechanics--bioremediation--bone prosthesis--cattle--cell culture--chemistry--cytology--differential scanning calorimetry--drug effect--human--materials testing--prostheses and orthoses--scanning electron microscopy--standard--wistar rat--murinae--animals--biocompatible materials--biodegradation, environmental--biomechanics--bone substitutes--cattle--cells, cultured--differential thermal analysis--durapatite--humans--hydroxybutyrates--materials testing--microscopy, electron, scanning--osteoblasts--prostheses and implants--rats--rats, wistar--surface properties
Аннотация: Samples of a hybrid composite of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a biodegradable polyester, and hydroxyapatite (HA), with different PHB/HA ratios, have been prepared using mechanical-physical method. Electron microscopy, X-ray structure analysis and differential thermal analysis have been used to investigate the structure and physicochemical properties of the composite, depending on the PHB/HA ratio. The properties of the surface of the HA-loaded composite are significantly different from those of the pure polymer. As the HA percentage in the composite increases, free interface energy, the cohesive force, i.e., the strength of the adhesive bond between the composite surface and the water phase, and surface wettability increase. The HA percentage of the composite does not influence its melting temperature, but affects the temperature for the onset of decomposition: as the HA content increases from 0 to 10% (w/w), Td decreases from 260В°C to 225В°C. The degree of crystallinity of PHB/HA increases from 77% to 89% with an increase in the HA fraction from 10% to 50%. Functional properties of the composites have been investigated in vitro and in vivo. The best parameters of growth and differentiation of murine marrow osteoblasts are registered on PHB/HA samples containing 10% and 20% HA. In ectopic bone formation assay it has been proven that the hybrid PHB/HA composites can function as scaffolds and that bone tissue develops on their surface and in pores. В© VSP 2006.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Protopopov A.V., Kochkina T.A., Konstantinov E.P., Shishatskaya E.I., Efremov S.N., Volova T.G., Gitelson I.I.
Заглавие : Investigation of application of PHA coating to enhance biocompatibility of vascular stents
Место публикации : Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2005. - Vol. 401, Is. 1-6. - С. 85-87. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10630-005-0051-8
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomaterial--polymer--animal--article--blood vessel transplantation--chemistry--dog--stent--animals--blood vessel prosthesis implantation--coated materials, biocompatible--dogs--polymers--stents
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T.G., Gladyshev M.I., Trusova M.Y., Zhila N.O., Kartushinskaya M.V.
Заглавие : Degradation of bioplastics in natural environment.
Место публикации : Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections / translated from Russian. - 2004. - Vol. 397. - С. 330-332. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biopolymer--plastic--article--bioremediation--chemistry--environment--kinetics--materials--russian federation--water supply--biodegradation, environmental--biopolymers--environment--kinetics--manufactured materials--plastics--russia--water supply
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shishatskaya E.I., Volova T.G., Puzyr A.P., Mogilnaya O.A., Efremov S.N.
Заглавие : Tissue response to the implantation of biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate sutures
Место публикации : Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. - 2004. - Vol. 15, Is. 6. - С. 719-728. - ISSN 09574530 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/B:JMSM.0000030215.49991.0d
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): necrosis--polymeric implants--suppurative inflammation--tissue reaction--biodegradation--calcification (biochemistry)--cells--copolymers--implants (surgical)--silk--tissue--tumors--materials science--acid phosphatase--copolymer--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid)--polyhydroxyalkanoic acid--polyhydroxyvaleric acid--unclassified drug--animal experiment--animal model--article--biodegradable implant--blood vessel reactivity--catgut--controlled study--enzyme activity--female--giant cell--histochemistry--inflammation--macrophage--nonhuman--priority journal--rat--silk--suture--tensile strength--tissue reaction--tissue structure--wound healing--young modulus--absorbable implants--animals--female--fibrosis--foreign-body reaction--hydroxybutyrates--muscle, skeletal--polyesters--polymers--rats--rats, wistar--sutures--treatment outcome--wounds, penetrating--animalia
Аннотация: Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) sutures were implanted to test animals intramuscularly, and tissue reaction was investigated and compared with the reaction to silk and catgut. Tested monofilament sutures made of PHAs of two types polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and a copolymer of hydroxybutyrate and hydroxyvalerate (PHV) featured the strength necessary for the healing of muscle-fascial wounds. The reaction of tissues to polymeric implants was similar to their reaction to silk and was less pronounced than the reaction to catgut; it was expressed in a transient post-traumatic inflammation (up to four weeks) and the formation of a fibrous capsule less than 200 ?m thick, which became as thin as 4060 ?m after 16 weeks, in the course of reverse development. Macrophages and foreign-body giant cells with a high activity of acid phosphatase were actively involved in this process. PHB and PHB/PHV sutures implanted intramuscularly for an extended period (up to one year) did not cause any acute vascular reaction at the site of implantation or any adverse events, such as suppurative inflammation, necrosis, calcification of the fibrous capsule or malignant tumor formation. No statistically significant differences were revealed in the tissue response to polymer sutures of the two types. Capsules around silk and catgut sutures did not become significantly thinner.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sevastianov V.I., Perova N.V., Shishatskaya E.I., Kalacheva G.S., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : Production of purified polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) for applications in contact with blood
Место публикации : Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition. - 2003. - Vol. 14, Is. 10. - С. 1029-1042. - ISSN 09205063 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1163/156856203769231547
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ?-hydroxy acids--endotoxins--hemocompatibility--poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (phbv)--polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas)--polyhydroxybutyrate (phb)--bacterium lipopolysaccharide--carbon--complement--copolymer--hydroxyacid--long chain fatty acid--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid)--polyhydroxyalkanoic acid--valeric acid derivative--adult--article--biofilm--biotechnology--blood analysis--blood clotting--blood compatibility--cell function--chemical analysis--chemical composition--complement activation--concentration (parameters)--controlled study--gas chromatography--hemostasis--human--human cell--mass spectrometry--micromorphology--nonhuman--priority journal--purification--quantitative analysis--sampling--synthesis--thrombocyte adhesion--wautersia eutropha--biocompatible materials--blood--blood coagulation tests--chromatography, gas--complement activation--cupriavidus necator--fatty acids--humans--platelet adhesiveness--polyesters--surface properties
Аннотация: Samples of olyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and copolymers poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with 4 and 18 mol% hydroxyvalerate, synthesized by the bacteria Ralstonia eutropha B5786, were investigated. PHA films in contact with blood did not activate the hemostasis system at the level of cell response, but they did activate the coagulation system and the complement reaction. To detect biologically-active components in the PHAs, a detailed analysis of the composition of the polymers was conducted. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed long-chain fatty acids (FAs) in the tested PHAs. Their total concentration in the polymer ranged from tenths of mol% to 2-3 mol%, depending on the purification method. C16:0 constituted the largest proportion, up to 70%. Of the long-chain hydroxy acids, only ?-OH-C14:0 was detected and it did not exceed 0.06 mol%. The analysis of the hemocompatibility properties of the PHAs purified by a specialized procedure, including the quantitative and morphological estimation of platelets adherent to the surface of polymer films, the plasma recalcification time and complement activation studies, indicated that PHB and PHBV can be used in contact with blood. It has been found out that the lipopolysaccharides of bacteria producing PHAs, which contain mostly long-chain hydroxy acids, can be the factor activating the hemostasis systems. Thus, the technology of PHA purification must satisfy rather stringent specific requirements.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shishatskaya E.I., Volova T.G., Puzyr A.P., Mogil'naya O.A., Efremov S.N., Gitelson I.I.
Заглавие : Tissue morphogenesis under the conditions of implantation of polyhydroxybutyrate, a biodegradable polymer.
Место публикации : Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2002. - Vol. 383, Is. 1-6. - С. 123-126. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomaterial--hydroxybutyric acid--polymer--animal--article--bioremediation--female--morphogenesis--rat--wistar rat--animals--biocompatible materials--biodegradation, environmental--female--hydroxybutyrates--morphogenesis--polymers--rats--rats, wistar
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shishatskaya E.I., Volova T.G., Efremova S.N., Puzyr S.P., Mogil'naya O.A.
Заглавие : Tissue response to biodegradable suture threads made of polyoxyalkanoates
Место публикации : Meditsinskaya Tekhnika. - 2002. - Is. 4. - С. 23-29. - ISSN 00258075 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biocompatibility--biodegradation--implants (surgical)--materials testing--organic polymers--polyoxyalkanoates--suture threads--biomaterials--biomaterial--polymer--animal--article--bioremediation--female--metabolism--rat--suture--wistar rat--animals--biocompatible materials--biodegradation, environmental--female--polymers--rats--rats, wistar--sutures
Аннотация: The paper presents data on the materials and methods of obtaining suture threads based on of the polymer batty acid derivatives (polyoxyalkanoates). Results of the study of tissue response to biodegradable polyoxyalkanoate suture threads in the postoperative period are analyzed. These suture threads have been shown to have the required strength and meet a number of other requirements for currently available materials.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shishatskaya E.I., Volova T.G., Popova T.G.
Заглавие : Study of the biological properties of polyoxyalkanoates in the in vivo chronic experiment
Место публикации : Meditsinskaya Tekhnika. - 2002. - Is. 4. - С. 29-33. - ISSN 00258075 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomaterial--polymer--animal--article--bioremediation--comparative study--female--metabolism--rat--suture--wistar rat--animals--biocompatible materials--biodegradation, environmental--female--polymers--rats--rats, wistar--sutures--biocompatibility--immunology--implants (surgical)--materials testing--organic polymers--polyoxyalkanoates--rat models--suture threads--biomaterials
Аннотация: Chronic experiments on mature Wistar rats studied the biological properties of suture threads from two types of polyoxyalkanoates (POA), such as polyoxybutyrate (POB) and the copolymer of POB and polyoxyvalerate (POV) (POB/POV) as compared to the conventional surgical material (silk and catgut). The physiological and biochemical parameters that reflect the status of the animals, including their behavior, height and development, the weight of the body and viscera, the morphology of peripheral blood, the biochemical parameters of blood, the activity of some enzymes, as well as histological findings of the viscera, and lymphoid tissue responses were assessed. POA was found to produce no negative effect on the physiological, biochemical, and functional characteristics of the animals irrespective of the duration of contact with the internal medium of the body and of the chemical composition of a material.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shishatskaya E., Goreva A., Kalacheva G., Volova T.
Заглавие : Biocompatibility and resorption of intravenously administered polymer microparticles in tissues of internal organs of laboratory animals
Место публикации : Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition. - 2011. - Vol. 22, Is. 16. - С. 2185-2203. - ISSN 09205063 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1163/092050610X537138
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 14c products of polymer resorption--intravenous administration--microparticles--resorbable polyhydroxybutyrate--tissues of internal organs--3-hydroxybutyric acid--sup14/supc products of polymer resorption--adverse effect--drug-delivery systems--growth and development--high molecular weight--initial molecular weight--initial values--internal organs--intravenous administration--laboratory animals--local response--matrix--mean diameter--micro-particles--polymer degradation--polymer microparticles--preparation process--radioactivity level--residual content--resorbable--sustained-release--tail veins--wistar rat--animals--biocompatibility--degradation--histology--molecular weight--morphology--radiation--radioactivity--rats--tissue--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid)--animal experiment--animal tissue--article--biocompatibility--concentration process--controlled study--degradation--drug delivery system--female--gel permeation chromatography--heart--kidney parenchyma--liver--lung parenchyma--molecular weight--nonhuman--organ culture--priority journal--radioactivity--rat--spleen--animals--animals, laboratory--biocompatible materials--drug delivery systems--female--infusions, intravenous--materials testing--microspheres--molecular weight--particle size--polymers--rats--rats, wistar--tissue distribution--animalia--rattus--rattus norvegicus
Аннотация: Specimens of 14C-labeled polymer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, P(3-HB), with different initial molecular weights, were used to prepare microparticles, whose morphology was not influenced by the M w of the polymer. During the particle preparation process, P(3-HB) molecular weight decreased by 15-20%. Sterile microparticles (mean diameter 2.4 ?m) were injected into the tail veins of Wistar rats (5 mg/rat). The effects of the particles administered to rats were studied based on the general response of animals and local response of internal organ tissues and blood morphology; no adverse effects on growth and development of the animals or unfavorable changes in the structure of the tissues of internal organs were observed. Measurements of radioactivity in tissues showed that 14C concentrations are different in different organs, changing during the course of the experiment. The main targets for 14C-labeled microparticles were tissues of the liver, spleen, and kidneys. Comparison of radioactivity levels and residual contents of high-molecular-weight matrix in tissues suggested that the most rapid metabolism and degradation of P(3-HB) occurred in the liver and spleen. Gel-permeation chromatography showed that at 3 h after the microparticles were injected into the bloodstream, polymer degradation started in all examined organs, except the lungs; at 12 weeks, the M w of the polymer matrix was as low as 20-30% of its initial value. The presence of high-molecular-weight (undegraded) polymer in the tissues at 12 weeks after administration of the particles suggests that P(3-HB) is degraded in tissues of internal organs slowly and, hence, P(3-HB)-based microparticles can be used as sustained-release drug-delivery systems. В© 2011 VSP.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T., Shishatskaya E., Sevastianov V., Efremov S., Mogilnaya O.
Заглавие : Results of biomedical investigations of PHB and PHB/PHV fibers
Место публикации : Biochemical Engineering Journal. - 2003. - Vol. 16, Is. 2. - С. 125-133. - ISSN 1369703X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S1369-703X(03)00038-X
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biocompatibility--fibers--implants--poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (phb)--poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-poly-3-hydroxyvalerate (phb/phv)--polyhydroxyalkanoates (phas)--tissue reaction--bacteriology--calcification (biochemistry)--copolymers--flammability--tissue--tissue response--biomedical engineering--acid phosphatase--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid)--poly(3 hydroxybutyric acid) co poly(3 hydroxyvaleric acid)--polyhydroxyalkanoic acid--suture material--unclassified drug--animal experiment--article--bacterial metabolism--biochemistry--biocompatibility--biomedicine--calcification--catgut--correlation analysis--dose time effect relation--enzyme activity--fascia--fiber--foreign body--functional assessment--giant cell--implantation--in vivo study--inflammation--intermethod comparison--macrophage--materials testing--multinuclear cell--muscle injury--necrosis--nonhuman--parameter--phagocytosis--physiology--postoperative period--priority journal--process monitoring--ralstonia eutropha b 5786--scar formation--silk--strength--suture--synthesis--tissue reaction--wautersia eutropha--wound healing--animalia--ralstonia--wautersia eutropha
Аннотация: The paper presents the results of biomedical investigations of sutures made of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) of two types (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-poly-3-hydroxyvalerate (PHB/PHV)), synthesized by the bacteria Ralstonia eutropha B 5786 in the experiment on test animals in vivo, in comparison with silk and catgut sutures. PHB and PHB/PHV (PHBV) implants produced no adverse effect on physiological, biochemical and functional parameters of the animals during the post-surgery period. The tested PHA sutures featured the necessary strength throughout the healing period of the muscle-fascial cuts. The reaction of tissues to the implantation of PHB and PHB/PHV fibers fitted into the usual scheme characteristic of the wound process and of the reaction to a foreign-body invasion. This reaction and the reaction of tissues to silk had the similar nature and period of inflammation, but it was much less pronounced than the reaction to catgut. The tissue response to the implantation of PHAs consisted in a short-duration (up to 2 weeks) post-traumatic inflammation and the formation of a fibrous capsule less than 200 ?m thick during weeks 4-8, which in 4-6 months was reduced to 40-60 ?m in the course of reverse development. There were no adverse changes, such as suppurative inflammation, necrosis, calcification, and malignization of the cicatrice, at the site of implantation of PHA filaments, unlike in the cases with silk and catgut. In the case of PHA implantation there was a typical prolonged (throughout the post-surgery monitoring period) pronounced macrophagal stage with a large number of macrophages present. The macrophages were of the phagocytic type and multinucleate giant foreign cells, with a high activity of acid phosphomonoesterase that correlated with the activity of the enzyme in blood. Throughout the period of monitoring no differences in the tissue response to the implantation of the polymer filaments of two PHA types were recorded. В© 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kuchkina A., Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Kravchuk E.S., Kalachova G.S.
Заглавие : Biodiesel production from sediments of a eutrophic reservoir
Место публикации : Biomass and Bioenergy. - 2011. - Vol. 35, Is. 5. - С. 2280-2284. - ISSN 09619534 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.02.047
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biodiesel--dredging sediments--eutrophic reservoir--fatty acids--lipids--bio-diesel fuel--biodiesel production--cetane number--dry weight--en 14214--eutrophic reservoirs--heat of combustion--high price--iodine number--is costs--lake restoration--lipid content--production cost--siberia--anoxic sediments--biodiesel--costs--diesel fuels--eutrophication--fatty acids--iodine--lipids--reservoirs (water)--sedimentology--synthetic fuels--thermochemistry--dredging--biofuel--combustion--dredging--environmental restoration--eutrophic environment--iodine--lacustrine deposit--lipid--production cost--reservoir--bugach reservoir--krasnoyarsk [russian federation]--russian federation
Аннотация: Sediments from eutrophic reservoir Bugach (Siberia, Russia) were tested for possibility to produce biodiesel. We supposed that the sediments could be a promising biodiesel producer. The major reason of high price of biodiesel fuel is cost of a raw material. The use of dredging sediments for biodiesel production reduces production costs, because the dredging sediments are by-products which originated during lake restoration actions, and are free of cost raw materials. Lipid content in sediments was 0.24% of dry weight. To assess the potential of from sediments as a substitute of diesel fuel, the properties of the biodiesel such as cetane number, iodine number and heat of combustion were calculated. All of this parameters complied with limits established by EN 14214 and EN 14213 related to biodiesel quality. В© 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Belobrov P.I., Bursill L.A., Maslakov K.I., Dementjev A.P.
Заглавие : Electron spectroscopy of nanodiamond surface states
Место публикации : Applied Surface Science. - 2003. - Vol. 215, Is. 1-4 SPEC. - С. 169-177. - ISSN 01694332 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0169-4332(03)00287-3
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): auger electron spectroscopy--nanodiamond--peels--surface states--xps--auger electron spectroscopy--diamonds--electrons--hydrogen--nanostructured materials--surfaces--x ray photoelectron spectroscopy--nanodiamond (nd) surface states--surface phenomena
Аннотация: Electronic states of nanodiamond (ND) were investigated by PEELS, XPS and CKVV Auger spectra. Parallel electron energy loss spectra (PEELS) show that the electrons inside of ND particles are sp3 hybridized but there is a surface layer containing distinct hybridized states. The CKVV Auger spectra imply that the HOMO of the ND surface has a shift of 2.5eV from natural diamond levels of ?p up to the Fermi level. Hydrogen (H) treatment of natural diamond surface produces a chemical state indistinguishable from that of ND surfaces using CKVV. The ND electronic structure forms ?s1?p2?1 surface states without overlapping of ?-levels. Surface electronic states, including surface plasmons, as well as phonon-related electronic states of the ND surface are also interesting and may also be important for field emission mechanisms from the nanostructured diamond surface. В© 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Karabutov A.V., Frolov V.D., Konov V.I., Ralchenko V.G., Gordeev S.K., Belobrov P.I.
Заглавие : Low-field electron emission of diamond/pyrocarbon composites
Место публикации : Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures. - 2001. - Vol. 19: 13th International Vaccum Microelectronics Conference (14 August 2000 through 17 August 2000, Guangzhou, Is. 3. - С. 965-970. - ISSN 10711023 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1116/1.1368669
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon nanotubes--chemical bonds--chemical vapor deposition--composite materials--diamond films--electric conductivity--electron emission--electron energy levels--hysteresis--interfaces (materials)--raman scattering--semiconducting diamonds--semiconductor quantum wells--transmission electron microscopy--x ray diffraction analysis--x ray photoelectron spectroscopy--pyrocarbon composites--nanostructured materials
Аннотация: The properties of field electron emission for diamond/pyrocarbon nanocomposites produced from diamond particles surrounded by a pyrocarbon matrix were studied. Low-threshold emissions at fields of ?1 V/?m with no activation or hysterisis in the current versus voltage (I/V) behaviour were observed for the materials. Scanning tunneling-field emission microscopy was used to study the mechanisms of low-field electron emission from the composites, and a model based on quantum well effect at the diamond/graphite interface was proposed and discussed.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Maillard-Schaller E., Kuettel O.M., Diederich L., Schlapbach L., Zhirnov V.V., Belobrov P.I.
Заглавие : Surface properties of nanodiamond films deposited by electrophoresis on Si(100)
Место публикации : Diamond and Related Materials. - 1999. - Vol. 8, Is. 2-5. - С. 805-808. - ISSN 09259635 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): energy band diagram--nanodiamond--raman spectroscopy--surface characterization--band structure--electrodeposition--electrophoresis--hydrogen--nanostructured materials--nitrogen--oxidation--oxygen--phonons--plasma applications--silicon wafers--surface properties--dielectrophoresis--negative electron affinity (nea)--phonon confinement effect--diamond films
Аннотация: The surface properties of diamond nanoparticles (40-50 A in diameter) have been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The diamond nanoparticles have been deposited on flat Si(100) substrates by electrophoresis/dielectrophoresis. The as-deposited films are strongly oxidized and present a 1-2% nitrogen content. After treatment at 850 В°C in H2 plasma for 60 min, the oxygen is removed, and the position of the C 1s core-level peak indicates a n-type electronic comportment of the diamond nanoparticles. Raman spectroscopy of the as-deposited film shows a sp3 contribution at 1321 cm-1 and a sp2 contribution around 1620 cm-1. The 12 cm-1 shift of the sp3 contribution with respect to the bulk diamond peak at 1333 cm-1 is attributed to a phonon confinement effect due to the size of the diamond particles. The H2 plasma treatment induces a size decrease of the nanocrystallites confirmed by Raman and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. UPS spectroscopy shows a negative electron affinity of -0.2 eV of the hydrogenated nanodiamond film.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Vlasov A., Ralchenko V., Gordeev S., Zakharov D., Vlasov I., Karabutov A., Belobrov P.
Заглавие : Thermal properties of diamond/carbon composites
Место публикации : Diamond and Related Materials. - 2000. - Vol. 9: 10th European Conference on Diamond, Diamond-like Materials, Carbon Nanotubes, Nitrides and Silicon Carbide (12 September 1999 through 17 September 1999, Prague, Czech Republic, Is. 3-6. - С. 1104-1109. - ISSN 09259635 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0925-9635(99)00256-3
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): diamond composites--laser flash technique--tem--thermal conductivity--grain size and shape--laser applications--nanostructured materials--phonons--thermal conductivity of solids--transmission electron microscopy--diamond composites--laser flash technique--industrial diamonds--carbon--composite--diamond--thermal conductivity
Аннотация: The thermal conductivity, k, of diamond/carbon composites with different ratios of sp 2/sp 3-bonded carbon is measured by the laser flash technique. The thermal conductivity of nanocomposites containing 6 nm diamond particles falls within the range of k=0.003-0.017 W/cmK at room temperature. The thermal conductivity increases while nanopores are gradually filled with pyrolytic carbon (pyrocarbon/diamond mass ratio variation of 0.0-0.5). Transmission electron microscopy data reveal a fairly uniform mixture of two carbon phases, the diamond and matrix having similar grain sizes. Estimates show that the phonon free path is limited by dimensions of carbon matrix layer. Thermal data for coarse-grain (1-2 ?m) composites are also given for comparison. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
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