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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Degermendzhy A.G., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Understanding the mechanisms of blooming of phytoplankton in Lake Shira, a saline lake in Siberia (the Republic of Khakasia)
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2002. - Vol. 36, Is. 2. - С. 331-340. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon budget--cyanobacteria--heterotrophic bacteria--hydrogen sulphide--mathematical models of stratification--meromictic lakes--microbial loop--stratification--trophic scheme--algal bloom--ecosystem modeling--limiting factor--nutrient availability--phytoplankton--saline lake--trophic interaction--russian federation--algae--bacteria (microorganisms)--cyanobacteria--lyngbya--lyngbya contorta
Аннотация: The paper summarises the results of a three-year research study (European Union Grant: INTAS 97-0519) aimed at investigating the planktonic populations and trophic organization of the Lake Shira ecosystem - a saline lake in Khakasia, Siberia. The lake exhibits a stable summer-autumn stratification of the chemical-biological components. The mechanisms responsible for the 'blooming' of phytoplankton in the deeper layers were investigated in greater detail, using data from both field and laboratory experiments. The spectra of nutrition were examined to estimate the relationships between the specific growth rates of the hydrobionts and the influence of the limiting factors: light, nutrients. The observed heterotrophic capability of a metalimnetic phytoplankton population might help explain the development in the deeper waters of Lyngbya contorta. The scheme of trophic interactions was put up, based on the assessment of the carbon pools and carbon flows in the pelagic zone of the lake. A mathematical model of the vertical structure of the lake's plankton populations was constructed, using the ecosystem description and data of vertical turbulent diffusion. The role of light and nutrient limitations and grazing mortality in forming the vertical inhomogeneities, particularly in lowering the depth of the maximal cyanobacterial biomass, has been demonstrated. The theoretical curves for the stratification of chemical and biological parameters have been brought in conformity with the field observations, e.g. for the different patterns of the peaks, and for the biomass maxima of cyanobacteria, purple and green sulphur bacteria, oxygen, and hydrogen sulphide. The calculations revealed that for an adequate assessment of the parameters for the hydrogen sulphide zone it is necessary to introduce flows of allochthonous organic matter. Based on the form of the sulphur distribution curve, the allochthonous input of organic matter and the inflow of hydrogen sulphide from the bottom have been theoretically discriminated for the first time. It has also been ascertained that irrespective of the depth the allochthonous substances limiting bacterial growth, the bacteria are uniformly distributed over depth and can serve as an indicator of the presence of limitation (the effect of autostabilisation in space). Of indisputable interest to limnology are the specific methods developed for understanding the functioning of Lake Shira ecosystem. These include the autostabilisation of the limiting factors, the on-the-spot fluorescent method of determining the three classes of microalgae, the algal mixotrophy and the planktonic population interactions and feedbacks, and development of a more sensitive, bioluminescent method for mapping the nonhomogeneities. Owing to a balanced combination of classical approaches (field observations, in situ data on production-decomposition) and the more recent ones (satellite monitoring, biophysical methods of estimating interactions of populations, mathematical models based on the field and experimental data), many of the structural-function relationships in the ecosystem can now be explained, and the models can provide 'mutual control and mutual agreement' between the data collected using different approaches.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N., Kalacheva G.S., Zhila N.O., Gladyshev M.I., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : A Temperature Dependence of the Intra- and Extracellular Fatty-Acid Composition of Green Algae and Cyanobacterium
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. - 2003. - Vol. 50, Is. 3. - С. 374-380. - ISSN 10214437 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1023830405898
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): cyanobacterium--fatty acids--green algae--lipids--secretion--algae--bacteria (microorganisms)--botryococcus braunii--chlorella vulgaris--chlorophyta--eukaryota--prokaryota--spirulina--spirulina platensis
Аннотация: The effect of ambient temperature on the composition of intracellular fatty acids and the release of free fatty acids (FFA) into a medium by cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis and eukaryotic microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris and Botryococcus braunii, was studied using their batch cultures. It was found that all the species studied, regardless of their taxonomic status, responded to the temperature regime by similar changes in their intracellular fatty acid composition: the relative content of more unsaturated fatty acids decreased with the elevation of temperature. At the same time, in the prokaryote, this temperature shift blocked, first of all, the elongation of 16: 0 to 18:0 and then their further desaturation. In eukaryotes, the change in the desaturation of dienoic to trienoic fatty acids was the most pronounced process. The ratio of dienoic to trienoic fatty acids remained almost unchanged in S. platensis. The relative content of extracellular unsaturated FFA increased in the prokaryotic organism S. platensis at a higher temperature. But no significant changes in the composition of extracellular unsaturated FFA were detected in eukaryotic algae upon temperature elevation.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakova A.A., Gladyshev M.I., Kalachova G.S., Kravchuk E.S., Ivanova E.A., Sushchik N.N.
Заглавие : Amino acid composition of epilithic biofilm and benthic animals in a large Siberian river
Место публикации : Freshwater Biology. - 2013. - Vol. 58, Is. 10. - С. 2180-2195. - ISSN 00465070 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1111/fwb.12200
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acids--epilithic microalgae and cyanobacteria--nutritive quality--river ecosystem--zoobenthos
Аннотация: We studied amino acid (AA) composition of epilithic biofilms and zoobenthos near the shore at a middle section of the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia). We hypothesised that there was an imbalance between the composition and content of amino acids in the biofilm and its consumers, the zoobenthos, as well as between those in the zoobenthos and fish. Based on monthly sampling from 2007 to 2010, there was seasonal variation in AA profiles in the epilithic biofilms, probably caused by the succession of microalgal and cyanobacterial species. Overall, there was an imbalance in the percentage of the essential amino acids (lysine and histidine) between benthic animals and their food (the epilithic biofilm), which suggests that benthic animals may be limited by food quality. Moreover, the zoobenthos had a significantly higher content of AA, relative to carbon, than the biofilm. Based on sampling in 2012, there was an imbalance between the AA profiles of zoobenthos and that of their main consumer, the Siberian grayling (Thymallus arcticus), particularly in the percentages of two essential amino acids, lysine and leucine. In terms of overall content of essential amino acids, the nutritional value to fish of gammarids, which have recently invaded the river, was significantly lower than that of indigenous taxa, trichopteran and chironomid larvae. В© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Makhutova O.N.
Заглавие : Production of EPA and DHA in aquatic ecosystems and their transfer to the land
Место публикации : Prostaglandins and Other Lipid Mediators. - 2013. - ISSN 10988823 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.03.002
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): aquatic ecosystems--docosahexaenoic acid--eicosapentaenoic acid--trophic transfer efficiency
Аннотация: Most omnivorous animals, including humans, have to some degree relied on physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from food. Only some taxa of microalgae, rather than higher plants can synthesize de novo high amounts of EPA and DHA. Once synthesized by microalgae, PUFA are transferred through trophic chain to organisms of higher levels. Thus, aquatic ecosystems play the unique role in the Biosphere as the principal source of EPA and DHA for most omnivorous animals, including inhabitants of terrestrial ecosystems. PUFA are transferred from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems through riparian predators, drift of carrion and seaweeds, emergence of amphibiotic insects, and water birds. The essential PUFA are transferred through trophic chains with about twice higher efficiency than bulk carbon. Thereby, PUFA are accumulated, rather than diluted in biomass of organisms of higher trophic levels, e.g., in fish. Mankind is faced with a severe deficiency of EPA and DHA in diet. Although additional sources of PUFA supply for humans, such as aquaculture, biotechnology of microorganisms and transgenic terrestrial oil-seed producing plants are developed, natural fish production of aquatic ecosystems will remain one of the main sources of EPA and DHA for humans. Aquatic ecosystems have to be protected from anthropogenic impacts, such as eutrophication, pollution and warming, which reduce PUFA production. В© 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Kalachova G.S., Makhutova O.N.
Заглавие : Stable isotope composition of fatty acids in organisms of different trophic levels in the yenisei river
Место публикации : PLoS ONE. - 2012. - Vol. 7, Is. 3. - Ст.e34059. - ISSN 19326203 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0034059
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon 13--fatty acid--carbon--apatania crymophila--article--benthos--eulimnogammarus viridis--fatty acid analysis--fatty acid desaturation--fontinalis antipyretica--food chain--food web--freshwater fish--isotope analysis--lipid composition--microalga--moss--nonhuman--pelagic zone--river ecosystem--russian federation--stable isotope analysis--thymallus arcticus--trophic level--animal--chemistry--larva--metabolism--river--bryophyta--gammaridae--trichoptera--animals--carbon isotopes--fatty acids--food chain--larva--microalgae--rivers
Аннотация: We studied four-link food chain, periphytic microalgae and water moss (producers), trichopteran larvae (consumers I), gammarids (omnivorous - consumers II) and Siberian grayling (consumers III) at a littoral site of the Yenisei River on the basis of three years monthly sampling. Analysis of bulk carbon stable isotopes and compound specific isotope analysis of fatty acids (FA) were done. As found, there was a gradual depletion in 13C contents of fatty acids, including essential FA upward the food chain. In all the trophic levels a parabolic dependence of ? 13C values of fatty acids on their degree of unsaturation/chain length occurred, with 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 in its lowest point. The pattern in the ? 13C differences between individual fatty acids was quite similar to that reported in literature for marine pelagic food webs. Hypotheses on isotope fractionation were suggested to explain the findings. В© 2012 Gladyshev et al.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N., Gladyshev M.I., Ivanova E.A., Kravchuk E.S.
Заглавие : Seasonal distribution and fatty acid composition of littoral microalgae in the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Journal of Applied Phycology. - 2010. - Vol. 22, Is. 1. - С. 11-24. - ISSN 09218971 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10811-009-9418-9
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fatty acids--riverine microalgae--taxa composition--temperature adaptations--algae--bacillariophyta--chlorophyta--cyanobacteria
Аннотация: We studied fatty acid (FA) composition of littoral microalgae in the fast-flowing oligotrophic river, the Yenisei, Siberia, monthly for 3 years. Seasonal dynamics of species composition had similar patterns in all the studied years. In springs, a pronounced dominance of filamentous green algae occurred, in summer and autumn diatoms were abundant, and in late autumn and winter epilithic biofilms consisted primarily of cyanobacteria and detritus. In general, FA composition of the algal periphytic community was dominated by 16:0, 16:1?7, 20:5?3, 14:0, and 18:3?3 throughout the studied period. Several groups of FAs, which had peculiar seasonal dynamics, were differentiated by statistical analysis based on a method of correlation graphs. The seasonal changes in FA composition could be partly explained by the seasonal succession of species composition of the community. Besides, we found that populations of both diatom and green algae grown in summer at a higher water temperature were lower in polyunsaturated fatty acids than those in spring, at a lower temperature. Hence, we suppose that the regular seasonal dynamics of FA composition of the studied littoral microalgae was driven both by changes in species composition and by temperature adaptations of the algal populations. The highest content of essential polyunsaturated FAs, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, in the spring "psychrophilic" populations of diatoms could make them of the higher nutritive value for zoobenthic primary consumers. В© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Anishchenko O.V., Gladyshev M.I., Kravchuk E.S., Ivanova E.A., Gribovskaya I.V., Sushchik N.N.
Заглавие : Seasonal variations of metal concentrations in periphyton and taxonomic composition of the algal community at a Yenisei River littoral site
Место публикации : Central European Journal of Biology. - 2010. - Vol. 5, Is. 1. - С. 125-134. - ISSN 1895104X (ISSN) , DOI 10.2478/s11535-009-0060-y
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): heavy metals--periphyton--seasonal dynamics--algae--chlorophyta--cyanobacteria--ulothrix zonata
Аннотация: The concentrations of metals K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Co and Cr, in the water and periphyton (epilithic algal communities) were studied at a site in the middle stream of the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia) during three years using monthly sampling frequencies. Despite considerable seasonal variations in aquatic concentrations of some metals, there was no correlation between metal contents in the water and in periphyton. Seasonal concentration variations of some metals in periphyton were related to the species (taxonomic) composition of periphytic microalgae and cyanobacteria. Enhanced levels of Ni and Co in periphyton in late autumn, winter, and early spring were likely caused by the predominance of cyanobacteria in the periphytic community, and annual maximum levels of K in periphyton in late spring and early summer were attributed to the domination of Chlorophyta, primarily Ulothrix zonata. В© Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakov V.I., Anishchenko O.V., Ivanova E.A., Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N.
Заглавие : Estimation of periphytic microalgae gross primary production with DCMU-fluorescence method in Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia)
Место публикации : Journal of Applied Phycology. - 2008. - Vol. 20, Is. 3. - С. 289-297. - ISSN 09218971 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10811-007-9246-8
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chlorophyll fluorescence--gross primary production--periphytic microalgae
Аннотация: Periphyton (epilithon) gross primary production (GPP) was estimated using the DCMU-fluorescence method in the Yenisei River. In the unshaded littoral zone, chlorophyll a concentration (Chl a) and GPP value varied from 0.83 to 973.74 mg m-2and 2-304,425 O2 m-2 day -1 (0.64-95 133 mg C m-2 day-1), respectively. Positive significant correlation (r=0.8) between daily GPP and periphyton Chl a was found. Average ratio GPP:Chl a for periphyton was 36.36 mg C mg Chl a m -2 day-1. The obtained GPP values for the Yenisei River have a high significant correlation with values predicted by a conventional empirical model for stream periphyton. We concluded that the DCMU-fluorescence method can be successfully used for measuring of gross primary production of stream phytoperiphyton at least as another useful tool for such studies. В© 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N., Gladyshev M.I., Kravchuk E.S., Ivanova E.A., Ageev A.V., Kalachova G.S.
Заглавие : Seasonal dynamics of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in littoral benthos in the upper Yenisei river
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2007. - Vol. 41, Is. 2. - С. 349-365. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10452-006-9065-z
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): essential compounds--periphytonic microalgae--riverine food chain--zoobenthos--amphipod--annelid--benthos--biomass--diatom--dominance--fatty acid--food chain--larva--littoral environment--seasonal variation--eurasia--krasnoyarsk [russian federation]--russian federation--yenisei river--amphipoda--annelida--arthropoda--bacillariophyta--chironomidae--gammaridae--hexapoda--invertebrata--oligochaeta (metazoa)--trichoptera
Аннотация: We studied composition and concentrations of fatty acids (FAs) in benthos from pebbly littoral region of the Yenisei River in a sampling site near Krasnoyarsk city (Siberia, Russia) for 1 year from March 2003 to February 2004. Special attention was paid to major long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of the ?3 family: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5?3) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA, 22:6?3). In phytobenthos, which was dominated by diatoms, the annual maxima of EPA and DHA pool occurred in spring and early summer. In zoobenthos, EPA and DHA pool peaked in autumn, due mainly to an increase of the biomass of dominant taxa (gammarids) and to a moderate increase of the PUFA content per body weight. Seasonal peaks of EPA in overwintering insect larvae (chironomids and caddisflies) generally coincided with those of biomass of these larvae, while there was no such trend for amphipods and oligochaetes. In spring and early summer, the main part of ?3 PUFA, 40-97% of total amount, in the littoral region was contained in biomass of producers, i.e., benthic microalgae, and in autumn it was transferred to primary consumers-benthic invertebrates, which contained ?76-93% of total ?3 PUFAs. В© 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, B.V.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kalachova G.S., Kolmakova A.A., Gladyshev M.I., Kravchuk E.S., Ivanova E.A.
Заглавие : Seasonal dynamics of amino acids in two small Siberian reservoirs dominated by prokaryotic and eukaryotic phytoplankton
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2004. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - С. 3-15. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/B:AECO.0000021044.55658.71
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acids--blooms--cyanobacteria--phytoplankton--amino acid--biomass--phytoplankton--reservoir--seasonal variation--eurasia--siberia--cyanobacteria--eukaryota--prokaryota
Аннотация: The comparison of the dynamics of phytoplankton biomass and total amino acid composition was made for two water bodies: in one the phytoplankton were dominated by prokaryotes (i.e., there was a bloom of cyanobacteria) and by eukaryotic microalgae in the other. The dynamics of phytoplankton biomass and of total amino acid composition of water were investigated during the vegetation season. It was found that the only factor that significantly changed the percentages of amino acids in water was the bloom of cyanobacteria in the "blooming" water body. During the bloom of cyanobacteria, the absolute and relative content of the Leu-Glu group increased, while the contents of other acids generally dropped. Before and after the bloom, no significant variations in the total amino acid composition were recorded. In the reservoir where eukaryotic microalgae dominated, no significant variations in amino acid composition were recorded during the season.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakov V.I., Levin L.A., Dubovskaya O.P., Gladyshev M.I.
Заглавие : A circadian rhythm of grazing of microalgae by a laboratory cultureof Ceriodaphnia quadrangula
Место публикации : Biofizika. - 2002. - Vol. 47, Is. 4. - С. 676. - ISSN 00063029 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): daily rhythm of grazing--flowing-through cultivator--fluorescence--microalgae--photoperiod--statistical spectral analysis--algae--animalia--ceriodaphnia quadrangula--chlorella vulgaris--chlorophyta
Аннотация: The circadian rhythm of grazing of microalgae by a laboratory culture of Ceriodaphnia quadrangula under continuous illumination was studied by continuous registration of chlorophyll fluorescence at the outlet of a flow-through cultivator. A culture of green alga Chlorella vulgaris was used as a feed. The data obtained were treated by the statistical spectral analysis. It was found that animals preliminarily grown under a 12 h light : 12 h dark regime and transferred to constant light showed two maxima in the circadian rhythm of grazing with periods of 0.7 and 1.1 h. Animals preliminarily grown under constant light showed no circadian rhythm of grazing. It was concluded that the circadian rhythm of grazing of C. quadrangula has endogenous nature and can change according to light conditions.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakov V.I., Levin L.A., Dubovskaia O.P., Gladyshev M.I.
Заглавие : Circadian rhythms of feeding with microalgae of Ceriodaphnia quadrangula in laboratory culture
Место публикации : Biofizika. - 2002. - Vol. 47, Is. 4. - С. 673-676. - ISSN 00063029 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chlorophyll--alga--animal--article--chemistry--circadian rhythm--crustacea--fluorometry--growth, development and aging--photoperiodicity--physiology--algae--animals--chlorophyll--circadian rhythm--crustacea--fluorometry--photoperiod
Аннотация: The circadian rhythm of grazing of microalgae by a laboratory culture of Ceriodaphnia quadrangula under continuous illumination was studied by continuous registration of chlorophyll fluorescence at the outlet of a flow-through cultivator. A culture of green alga Chlorella vulgaris was used as a feed. The data obtained were treated by the statistical spectral analysis. It was found that animals preliminarily grown under a 12 h light: 12 h dark regime and transferred to constant light showed two maxima in the circadian rhythm of grazing with periods of 0.7 and 1.1 h. Animals preliminarily grown under constant light showed no circadian rhythm of grazing. It was concluded that the circadian rhythm of grazing of C. quadrangula has endogenous nature and can change according to light conditions.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N., Kalacheva G.S., Gladyshev M.I.
Заглавие : Secretion of free fatty acids by prokaryotic and eukaryotic algae at optimal, supraoptimal, and suboptimal growth temperatures
Место публикации : Microbiology. - 2001. - Vol. 70, Is. 5. - С. 542-547. - ISSN 00262617 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): free fatty acids--microalgae--secretion
Аннотация: The paper describes the composition of extracellular free fatty acids (FFAs) and intracellular fatty acids (FAs) in the enrichment cultures of the prokaryotic alga Spirulina platensis and the eukaryotic alga Chlorella vulgaris grown at optimal, supraoptimal, and suboptimal growth temperatures. With increasing growth temperature, the degree of unsaturation of the intracellular FAs of both algae decreased, while that of the extracellular FFAs of S. platensis increased. The composition of the extracellular FFAs of C. vulgaris practically did not depend on the growth temperature. В© 2001 MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica".
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N., Kalacheva G.S., Gladyshev M.I.
Заглавие : Secretion of free fatty acids by prokaryotic and eukaryotic algae at optimal, supraoptimal, and suboptimal growth temperatures
Место публикации : Mikrobiologiya. - 2001. - Vol. 70, Is. 5. - С. 629-635. - ISSN 00263656 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): free fatty acids--microalgae--secretion--fatty acid--article--chemistry--chlorella--cyanobacterium--cytology--extracellular space--growth, development and aging--intracellular fluid--temperature--chlorella--cyanobacteria--english abstract--extracellular space--fatty acids, nonesterified--intracellular fluid--temperature
Аннотация: Abstract-The paper describes the composition of extracellular free fatty acids (FFAs) and intracellular fatty acids (FAs) in the enrichment cultures of the prokaryotic alga Spirulina platensis and the eukaryotic alga Chlorella vulgaris grown at optimal, supraoptimal, and suboptimal growth temperatures. With increasing growth temperature, the degree of unsaturation of the intracellular FAs of both algae decreased, while that of the extracellular FFAs of 5. platensis increased. The composition of the extracellular FFAs of C. vulgaris practically did not depend on the growth temperature.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Makhutova O.N., Sushchik N.N., Kalacheva G.S.
Заглавие : The value of fatty acid composition of tricylglycerols and polar lipids of seston at analysis of food spectra of microzooplancton in small reservoir Buguch
Место публикации : Doklady Akademii Nauk. - 2004. - Vol. 395, Is. 4. - С. 562-565. - ISSN 08695652 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): algae--bacteria--chromatographic analysis--chromatography--organic compounds--food spectra--microzooplancton--polar lipids--microorganisms
Аннотация: Food spectrum of microzooplancton in fresh-water ecological systems is lowly studied area. However, these organisms play very important role in transfer of substance and energy in water reservoirs. Traditional method of analysis of food in the microzooplancton does not makes it possible to determine real assimilation of organic substance. Therefore, biochemical methods have been developed which are based on analysis of compositions of fatty acids of organic substance. This leads to determining of the food assimilation. Fatty-acid compositions of lipids allow specialists to determine specific groups of organisms such as bacteria, microalgae etc. Data of the analysis are presented.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N.N.
Заглавие : Dynamics of algal biomass and composition of extracellular free fatty acids in experimental microecosystems
Место публикации : Biology Bulletin. - 1998. - Vol. 25, Is. 6. - С. 611-616. - ISSN 10623590 (ISSN)
Аннотация: The dynamics of biomass and species composition of microalgae and of composition of extracellular free fatty acids was studied for 98 days in laboratory experimental ecosystems inoculated with water from a forest pond. The microecosystems were kept at two temperature levels: 14-17 and 22-25В°C. During the experiment, a community of planktonic microalgae with the predominance of diatoms was succeeded by a community consisting mostly of green, filamentous algae. The succession of species composition of the algal community was accompanied by changes in the composition of extracellular free fatty acids. Variations of temperature did not markedly affect either the species composition of the microalgal community or the ratio of unsaturated to saturated free fatty acids. В© 1998 MAK Haya/Interperiodica Publishing.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bartsev S.I., Gitelson J.I., Lisovsky G.M., Mezhevikin V.V., Okhonin V.A.
Заглавие : Perspectives of different type biological life support systems (BLSS) usage in space missions
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1996. - Vol. 39, Is. 8. - С. 617-622. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(97)00012-X
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--bacterium--comparative study--construction work and architectural phenomena--environmental planning--green alga--human--instrumentation--mathematics--microclimate--moon--plant--quality of life--space flight--standard--weightlessness--algae, green--bacteria--ecological systems, closed--environment design--environment, controlled--facility design and construction--humans--life support systems--mathematics--moon--plants--quality of life--space flight--weightlessness--biology--life support systems (spacecraft)--spreadsheets--biological life support systems (blss)--lunar missions
Аннотация: In the paper an attempt is made to combine three important criteria of LSS comparison: minimum mass, maximum safety and maximum quality of life. Well-known types of BLSS were considered: with higher plant, higher plants and mushrooms, microalgae, and hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria. These BLSSs were compared in terms of "integrated" mass for the case of a vegetarian diet and a "normal" one (with animal proteins and fats). It was shown that the BLSS with higher plants and incineration of wastes becomes the best when the exploitation period is more than 1 yr. The dependence of higher plants' LSS structure on operation time was found. Comparison of BLSSs in terms of integral reliability (this criterion includes mass and quality of life criteria) for a lunar base scenario showed that BLSSs with higher plants are advantageous in reliability and comfort. This comparison was made for achieved level of technology of closing and for perspective one. В© 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Blum V., Gitelson J.I., Horneck G., Kreuzberg K.
Заглавие : Opportunities and constraints of closed man-made ecological systems on the moon
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1994. - Vol. 14, Is. 6. - С. 271-280. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Аннотация: Most scenarios for a manned lunar base include a combination of physical-chemical and bioregenerative life support systems. Especially on the lunar surface, however, there is a series of special environmental factors which seriously affect the organisms suitable for food production and biological regeneration of the habitat atmosphere and water. So, e.g. the lunar day/night period creates difficult problems for higher plant culture. The paper presents the current scientific approaches to bioregenerative life support systems of a lunar base and discusses critically the possibilities of their realization. Moreover, a scientific strategy is developed with the biologist's point of view to implement in a stepwise manner bioregenerative life support modules into a lunar base covering the possibilities of the untilization of chemolytotrophic bacteria, microalgae and higher plants as well as those of animal breeding and protein production in intensive aquaculture systems. В© 1994.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Pechurkin N.S., Somova L.A.
Заглавие : Competition between links in "producers-consumer" trophic chains in an aquatic closed system with spatially separated components
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2001. - Vol. 27, Is. 9. - С. 1599-1603. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00255-1
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): algae--aquifers--biodiversity--metabolism--nitrogen--protozoa--aquatic closed systems--spatially separated components--space research--aquatic ecosystem--competition--grazing--primary production--fresh water--nitrogen--animal--article--chlorella--food chain--green alga--metabolism--microclimate--paramecium--rotifera--algae, green--animals--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--food chain--fresh water--nitrogen--paramecium--rotifera
Аннотация: The work analyzes functioning of a "producer-consumer" closed aquatic system with spatially separated links, where each component consisted of two species. Producers in the system were the microalgae of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus sp., consumers - Paramecium caudatum infusoria and Brachionus sp. rotifers. In the experiment the competing predators were consuming on a mixed culture of algae, and the competition of algae was studied under nitrogen limitation. Under these conditions competitiveness of Scenedemus was higher than that of Chlorella vulgaris. Metabolism products of Scenedesmus algae have been found to have negative effect on reproduction of Paramecium caudatum protozoa. Predator population dynamics in the "consumer" link demonstrated that the rotifers that consume two algal species are more competitive compared to protozoa feeding on chlorella only. В© 2001 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : BOLSUNOVSKII A.J., TERSKOV I.A.
Заглавие : PHOTOENERGENIC MECHANISM OF SPECIES COEXISTENCE IN MODEL COMMUNITIES OF MICROALGAE
Место публикации : DOKLADY AKADEMII NAUK SSSR: MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA, 1985. - Vol. 281, Is. 1. - С. 172-175. - 4. - ISSN 0002-3264
Примечания : Cited References: 6
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