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Bioassay of products of organic waste mineralization: An approach for closed ecosystems / S. V. Trifonov, Y. A. Kudenko, A. A. Tikhomirov // Ecol. Eng. - 2016. - Vol. 91. - P139-142, DOI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.02.032 . - ISSN 0925-8574
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Closed life support systems (CLSS) -- Organic waste -- Physicochemical oxidation -- Products of mineralization -- Radish growth -- Bioassay -- Electric fields -- Solutions -- Space flight -- Wastes -- Alternating current -- Closed life support systems (CLSS) -- Gaseous environments -- High sensitivity -- Liquid products -- Organic wastes -- Plant productivity -- Products of mineralization -- Mineralogy -- Embryophyta -- Raphanus sativus
Аннотация: The study assesses the usability of the method of organic waste mineralization in the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution under application of an alternating current electric field in closed life support systems (CLSS). The effects of the mineralized organic wastes on the higher plant component of the CLSS intended for space flights were studied experimentally. Radish plants, representing the higher plant compartment of the CLSS, were chosen for their high sensitivity to the pollution of the gaseous environment. The study showed that plant productivity remained comparable to that of control plants in the experiments with gaseous and liquid products of mineralization of human wastes and inedible plant parts used both separately and simultaneously. Results of the study suggest that this method is eco-friendly and suitable for use in the CLSS. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, 50/50, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Trifonov, S. V.; Kudenko, Y. A.; Tikhomirov, A. A.

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Comparative Estimation of the Plutonium (238Pu, 239+240Pu) and Radiocesium (137Cs) Content in Bottom Sediments and Hydrobionts of the Yenisei River / T. A. Zotina, M. S. Melgunov, D. V. Dementyev, Y. V. Alexandrova // Dokl. Earth Sci. - 2020. - Vol. 492, Is. 2. - P434-437, DOI 10.1134/S1028334X20060227 . - ISSN 1028-334X
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Apatania crymophyla -- Fontinalis antipyretica -- plutonium -- radiocesium -- zoobenthos -- Isotopes -- Nuclear fuels -- Plutonium -- Rivers -- Bottom sediments -- Comparative estimation -- Hydrobionts -- Plutonium isotopes -- Radioactive discharges -- Radiocesium -- Specific activity -- Yenisei rivers -- River pollution
Аннотация: Abstract: The contents of isotopes of plutonium (238Pu and 239, 240Pu) and 137Cs in samples of bottom sediments and hydrobionts (water moss, amphipods, and caddisfly larvae with casings) taken in the Yenisei River in the vicinity of the radioactive discharge from the Mining and Chemical Combine in 2012 and 2018 were comparatively estimated. It is shown that the content and ratios between the specific activities of plutonium isotopes (238/239 and 240) in samples of BSs and hydrobionts increased after the recommencing of plutonium discharges into the Yenisei due to the beginning of MOX fuel production. The background content and the ratio between plutonium isotopes in BSs of the Yenisei were estimated for the first time. Hydrobionts and BSs were ranged differently according to the content of plutonium and 137Cs: we recorded the highest content of 137Cs in BSs and that of plutonium in water moss. The plutonium content in hydrobionts of the Yenisei River varies considerably, which permits specification of representatives of biota (water moss and caddisfly larvae with casings) that, along with BSs, can be used as effective indicators of ecosystem pollution with plutonium. © 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Zotina, T. A.; Melgunov, M. S.; Dementyev, D. V.; Alexandrova, Y. V.

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Geochemical Features of Annual Layers of Bottom Sediments of Freshwater Lakes, Studied via Synchrotron Radiation–Induced XRF Microanalysis / A. V. Darin [et al.] // Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. - 2019. - Vol. 83, Is. 11. - P1437-1440, DOI 10.3103/S106287381911008X . - ISSN 1062-8738
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Catchments -- Geochemistry -- Lakes -- Lithology -- Microanalysis -- Synchrotron radiation -- Synchrotrons -- Bottom sediments -- Extraterrestrial origin -- Fresh water lakes -- Geochemical features -- Geochemical indicators -- Lake sediments -- Layer boundaries -- Micro-particles -- Sediments
Аннотация: Abstract: The possibility of distinguishing layer boundaries through lithological and geochemical indicators (Rb/Sr ratio) is shown by a case study of bottom sediments from Lake Kucherlinskoe (Altai). Based on the data from scanning synchrotron radiation–induced XRF microanalysis and isotope studies, a record of the Tunguska event of 1908 is found in the bottom sediments of Lake Zapovednoye, forty kilometers from the explosion’s epicenter. An anomalous layer in the sediments is associated with an increase in the terrigenous drift in the catchment area due to massive forest outfall and subsequent fires. The possibility of a targeted search for microparticles of extraterrestrial origin in lake sediments is demonstrated. © 2019, Allerton Press, Inc.

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Держатели документа:
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Institute of Biophysics, Krasnoyarsk Science Center, Siberian Branch, of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Tungusky State Nature Reserve, Vanavara, 648490, Russian Federation
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Darin, A. V.; Babich, V. V.; Kalugin, I. A.; Markovich, T. I.; Rogozin, D. Y.; Meidus, A. V.; Darin, F. A.; Rakshun, Y. V.; Sorokoletov, D. S.

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Indicators of Oxic and Anoxic Conditions in the System of the Current Sedimentation of Saline Lake Shira (Khakassia), According to High-Resolution SR XRF Data on Bottom Sediments Frozen In Situ / I. A. Kalugin [et al.] // Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys. - 2019. - Vol. 83, Is. 2. - P198-203, DOI 10.3103/S1062873819020163 . - ISSN 1062-8738
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Fluorescence -- Geochemistry -- Lakes -- Lithology -- Terahertz waves -- X rays -- Annual variations -- Anoxic conditions -- Bottom sediments -- Geochemical indicators -- Hydrological regime -- Quantitative estimates -- Terahertz radiation -- X ray fluorescence -- Oxic sediments
Аннотация: Abstract: Frozen upper layers of the bottom sediment of Lake Shira are selected using special sampling equipment. Frozen samples and solid samples prepared from the upper layers of a sediment core are examined by means of X-ray fluorescence at the Local and Scanning X-Ray Fluorescence Elemental Analysis Station of the Siberian Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation Center’s Shared Resource Center. Analytical data on the initial frozen and processed solid samples demonstrate the good repeatability of the results. Quantitative estimates of the sedimentation regimes are obtained, and geochemical indicators of the change in redox conditions are determined from the analysis data. Lithological and geochemical records are synchronized with regional seasonal and annual variations in weather and climate, and with the hydrological regime of the lake for the last 50 years. © 2019, Allerton Press, Inc.

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Держатели документа:
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Kalugin, I. A.; Darin, A. V.; Babich, V. V.; Markovich, T. I.; Rakshun, Y. V.; Darin, F. A.; Sorokoletov, D. S.; Rogozin, D. Y.

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Long-Chain Alkenones in Saline Meromictic Lakes of the North Minusinsk Depression (Southern Siberia): First Knowledge and Possible Correlation with Water-Level Dynamics / D. Y. Rogozin, A. O. Bulkhin, V. V. Zykov [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2020. - Vol. 13, Is. 6. - P643-655, DOI 10.1134/S199542552006013X . - ISSN 1995-4255
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
18S rRNA gene -- climate -- haptophyte algae -- long-chain alkenones -- meromictic lakes -- metagenomics -- paleolimnological reconstruction -- water level -- alkenone -- climate change -- community composition -- correlation -- hydrocarbon -- lake water -- microalga -- salinity -- secondary metabolite -- water level -- Canada -- North America -- Saskatchewan -- Siberia -- Haptophyceae -- Isochrysis
Аннотация: Abstract: Long-chain alkenones (LCAs)—lipides produced by some microalgae of the Haptophyta group in seas and continental water bodies—are promising paleomarkers of climate changes because they are well-preserved in bottom sediments. The hydrocarbon chain and the degree of unsaturation of double bonds of this class of lipides can vary depending on habitat conditions of their producers. For the first time, we have discovered LCAs in the bottom sediments of two saline meromictic lakes Shira and Uchum located in arid steppes of southern Siberia (the North Minusinsk Depression) and estimated the distribution of their total content, length, and the degree of unsaturation. The highly abundant population of producers of LCAs—haptophyte algae of the genus Isochrysis (Haptophyta)—is revealed in the water column of Lake Uchum. It is shown that the species composition of the haptophyte algae and composition of the LCAs in the lakes under study are similar to those in saline stratified lakes of North America (Saskatchewan, Canada) with a similar climate and salt composition. The abundance of the С37:4 alkenone in the bottom sediments in the last 100 years reflected the variations in lake salinity caused by the documented changes in the water level. In this way, it is shown that the LCAs may be used as a paleomarker of climate-driven changes in the water level of the saline lakes in southern Siberia. © 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Rogozin, D. Y.; Bulkhin, A. O.; Zykov, V. V.; Ivanova, E. A.; Darin, A. V.; Kalugin, I. A.; Baturina, O. A.; Kabilov, M. R.

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Possibility of Salicornia europaea use for the human liquid wastes inclusion into BLSS intrasystem mass exchange / N. A. Tikhomirova [et al.] // Acta Astronautica. - 2008. - Vol. 63, Is. 7-10. - P1106-1110, DOI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2008.01.003 . - ISSN 0094-5765
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
BLSS -- NaCl turnover -- Salicornia europaea -- Space biology -- Acids -- Amides -- Arsenic compounds -- Biochemical engineering -- Biochemistry -- Biomass -- Cellulose -- Curing -- Drying -- Environmental engineering -- Fatty acids -- Garnets -- Health -- Human engineering -- Lipids -- Mineralogy -- Minerals -- Mining -- Nitrates -- Nitrogen -- Plants (botany) -- Polysaccharides -- Polyvinyl alcohols -- Renewable energy resources -- Silica -- Silicate minerals -- Sodium -- Sodium chloride -- Solutions -- Sugar (sucrose) -- Sugars -- Waste utilization -- Biochemical composition -- Biochemical substances -- Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) -- Component conditions -- Crude protein (CP) -- Dry weight (DW) -- Essential fatty acids -- Europaea -- H igh concentrations -- Human urine -- Linoleic acid (LA) -- Linolenic -- Lipid content -- Liquid wastes -- Mass exchanges -- Mineral compositions -- Nitrate nitrogen -- Nitrogen nutrition -- Non saturation -- Physico chemical processes -- Plant functions -- Plant lipids -- Reduced nitrogen -- Salicornia europaea -- Soluble sugars -- Wide spectrum -- Nonmetals -- Amides -- Arsenic -- Biochemistry -- Biomass -- Biotechnology -- Cellulose -- Curing -- Drying -- Fatty Acids -- Lipids -- Nonmetals -- Plants -- Polysaccharides -- Sugars
Аннотация: One of the ways of solving the problem of the human liquid wastes utilization in bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) can be the use of halophytic vegetable plant Salicornia europaea capable of accumulating sodium chloride in rather high concentrations. Since the most specific higher plant function in BLSS, which at present cannot be substituted by physicochemical processes, appears to be the biosynthesis of a wide spectrum of nutritive substances necessary for a human, the object of the given work was the investigation of the S. europaea productivity, biochemical and mineral composition when grown under close to optimal BLSS vegetative component conditions. As the use of human urine after its preliminary physicochemical processing is supposed to be the mineral solution basis for the S. europaea cultivation, it is necessary to clear up the effect of reduced nitrogen on plants growth. Ground research was carried out. Biochemical composition of the S. europaea edible part showed that crude protein was contained in the highest degree. At that the content of crude protein (24% per dry weight) and cellulose (4.7% per dry weight) was higher in the plants grown on solutions containing amide nitrogen in comparison with the plants grown on solutions with nitrate nitrogen (15.4%-3.1% correspondingly). The water-soluble sugar contents were not high in the S. europaea edible part and depending on the nitrogen nutrition form they amounted to 1.1% (amide nitrogen) and 1.5% (nitrate nitrogen). The polysaccharide number (except cellulose) was rather higher and varied from 7.7% to 8.2%. Although the lipid content in the S. europaea plants was relatively low (7% per dry weight), it was shown that the plant lipids are characterized by a high nonsaturation degree mainly due to alpha linolenic and linoleic acids. Nitrogen nutrition form did not significantly affect the S. europaea productivity, and dry edible biomass of one plant was 8.6 g. Sodium and its concentrations predominated in the plant mineral composition and amounted in average to 9% per dry weight. Thus the S. europaea being the vegetable plant it can be the source of several biochemical substances and essential fatty acids. The present work also considers the influence of nitrate and amide forms of nitrogen on S. europaea biochemical and mineral composition. В© 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
LGCB, Universite B. Pascal, CUST, BP206, 63174 Aubie're, cedex, France : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirova, N.A.; Ushakova, S.A.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Kalacheva, G.S.; Gros, J.-B.

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Radioactive particles in the Yenisei River floodplain (Russia): Characterization, leaching and potential effects in the environment / A. Bolsunovsky, M. Melgunov // J. Environ. Radioact. - 2019. - Vol. 208-209, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.105991 . - ISSN 0265-931X
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Fuel particles -- Incidents at plutonium reactors -- Leaching experiments -- Low doses -- Plant bioassays -- The Yenisei river floodplain -- Aquatic ecosystems -- Aquatic organisms -- Banks (bodies of water) -- Floods -- Fuel gages -- Fuels -- Gamma rays -- Leaching -- Plutonium -- Radiation effects -- Radioactivity -- Radioisotopes -- Flood plains -- Fuel particles -- Leaching experiments -- Low dose -- Plant bioassays -- Rivers -- Elodea canadensis
Аннотация: The operation of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC), the largest producer of weapons-grade plutonium in Russia, has resulted in radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain. Investigations carried out in Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk institutes have shown that the floodplain of the Yenisei downstream of the MCC is contaminated by radioactive particles (RP) of various types and activities. Analytical characterization of the RP showed that most of them were fuel particles, which were carried into the Yenisei after incidents at the MCC reactors. The plutonium and caesium isotope ratios (238Pu/239,240Pu; 137Cs/134Cs) vary substantially between the particles, indicating different source terms and time intervals when the RP were formed. In addition to fuel RP, there were particles that contained activation radionuclides. The experiment on dissolution of RP using the model solution (the simulated stomach fluid) showed different cumulative extractions of radionuclides from the particles: 60Co and 137Cs extractions were the lowest, the extracted fractions of europium and americium isotopes were the largest, and plutonium occupied an intermediate position. High concentrations of radionuclides in RP are sources of exposure of organisms in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to low radiation doses. The plant bioassays of the effects of ?-radiation from RP showed the effect of low doses of ?-radiation on growth parameters of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis growing in the Yenisei River floodplain. The presence of RP from different sources in the Yenisei River floodplain makes this region a unique site for studying environmental effects of the particles. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Bolsunovsky, A.; Melgunov, M.

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Traces of the Tunguska Event (1908) in Sediments of Zapovednoe Lake Based on SR–XRF Data / A. V. Darin, D. Y. Rogozin, A. V. Meydus [et al.] // Dokl. Earth Sci. - 2020. - Vol. 492, Is. 2. - P442-445, DOI 10.1134/S1028334X20060045 . - ISSN 1028-334X
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
lake sediments -- microelements -- synchrotron radiation (SR) -- Tunguska event 1908 -- X-ray fluorescent analysis (XRF) -- Catchments -- Chemical elements -- Fluorescence spectroscopy -- Lakes -- Synchrotron radiation -- Bottom sediments -- Extraterrestrial origin -- Micro-particles -- Sediment core -- Synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence -- Tunguska -- Water catchment -- Sediments -- chemical element -- explosion -- lacustrine deposit -- radionuclide -- sediment core -- terrigenous deposit -- wildfire -- Russian Federation -- Tunguska
Аннотация: Abstract: An anomalous layer enriched with chemical elements indicating the presence of terrigenous matter was discovered in the sediment core of Zapovednoe Lake located 60 km from the epicenter of the Tunguska event (1908) using synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SR–XRF). Radioisotope measurements indicate that the age of the layer is consistent with the date of the catastrophe. Apparently, the anomalous layer was formed as a result of an intense terrigenous matter inflow from the water catchment area due to massive forest falls and subsequent wildfires caused by the Tunguska event. Thus, it is established that targeted searches for microparticles of extraterrestrial origin can be carried out in the discovered and dated anomalous bottom sediment layer. © 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Tungusskii State Nature Reserve, Krasnoyarsk, 648490, Russian Federation
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
Kurchatov Institute National Research Center, Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Darin, A. V.; Rogozin, D. Y.; Meydus, A. V.; Babich, V. V.; Kalugin, I. A.; Markovich, T. I.; Rakshun, Y. V.; Darin, F. A.; Sorokoletov, D. S.; Gogin, A. A.; Senin, R. A.; Degermendzhi, A. G.

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