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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pechurkin N.S.
Заглавие : Quantitative criteria for estimation of natural and artificial ecosystems functioning
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2005. - Vol. 35, Is. 9 SPEC. ISS. - С. 1507-1511. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2005.01.059
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): artificial ecosystems--limiting substances--natural ecosystems--quantitative criteria--carbon dioxide--energy management--estimation--hierarchical systems--personnel--plants (botany)--reliability--artificial ecosystems--limiting substances--natural ecosystems--quantitative criteria--ecosystems--carbon--biomass--chemistry--conference paper--ecology--ecosystem--energy transfer--microclimate--photosynthesis--population dynamics--biomass--carbon--ecological systems, closed--ecology--ecosystem--energy transfer--life support systems--photosynthesis--population dynamics
Аннотация: Using biotic turnover of substances in trophic chains, natural and artificial ecosystems are similar in functioning, but different in structure. It is necessary to have quantitative criteria to evaluate the efficiency of artificial ecosystems (AES). These criteria are dependent on the specific objectives for which the AES are designed. For example, if AES is considered for use in space, important criteria are efficiency in use of mass, power, volume (size) and human labor and reliability. Another task involves the determination of quantitative criteria for the functioning of natural ecosystems. To solve the problem, it is fruitful to use a hierarchical approach suitable for both individual links and the ecosystem as a whole. Energy flux criteria (principles) were developed to estimate the functional activities of biosystems at the population, community and ecosystem levels. A major feature of ecosystems as a whole is their biotic turnover of matter the rate of which is restricted by the lack of limiting substances. Obviously, the most generalized criterion is to take into account the energy flux used by the biosystem and the quantity of limiting substance included in its turnover. The use of energy flux by ecosystem, EUSED - is determined from the photoassimilation of CO2 by plants (per time unit). It can be approximately estimated as the net primary production of photosynthesis (NPP). So, the ratio of CO 2 photoassimilation rate (sometimes, measured as NPP) to the total mass of limiting substrate can serve as a main universal criterion (MUC). This MUC characterizes the specific cycling rate of limiting chemical elements in the system and effectiveness of every ecosystem including the global Biosphere. Comparative analysis and elaboration of quantitative criteria for estimation of natural and artificial ecosystems activities is of high importance both for theoretical considerations and for real applications. В© 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovskii G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Sid'ko F.Ya., Trubachev I.N., Shilenko M.P., Alekseev S.S., Pan'kova I.M., Tirranen L.S.
Заглавие : Long-term experiments on man's stay in biological life-support system
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1989. - Vol. 9, Is. 8. - С. 65-71. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agricultural products--ecosystems--food products--personnel - health--space flight - manned flight--bios-3 complex--phytotrons--spacecraft--water--air conditioning--article--biomass--crop--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--light--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--photosynthesis--plant--waste management--wheat--air conditioning--biomass--crops, agricultural--ecological systems, closed--evaluation studies--humans--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plants--triticum--waste management--water
Аннотация: We describe the experimental system having maximal possible closure of material recycling in an ecosystem, including people and plants, which was carried out in a hermetically sealed experimental complex "BIOS-3", 315 m2 in volume. The system included 2 experimentators and 3 phytotrons with plants (total sowing area of 63 m2). Plants were grown with round-the-clock lamp irradiation with 130 Wm-2 PAR intensity. The plants production was food for people. Water exchange of ecosystem, as well as gas exchange, was fully closed excluding liquids and gas samples taken for chemical analysis outside the system. The total closure of material turnover constituted 91%. Health state of the crew was estimated before, during and after the experiment. A 5-months period did not affect their health. The experiments carried out prove that the closed ecosystem of "man-plants" is a prototype of a life-support system for long-term space expeditions. В© 1989.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ivanova E.A., Anishchenko O.V., Glushchenko L.A., Gaevsky N.A., Kolmakov V.I.
Заглавие : Contribution of different groups of autotrophs to the primary production of the mountain Lake Oiskoe
Колич.характеристики :13 с
Коллективы : Federal Target Program "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel for an Innovative Russia" [16.740.11.0484]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2014. - Vol. 7, Is. 4. - С. 397-409. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S1995425514040040. - ISSN 1995-4263
Примечания : Cited References: 49. - This work was supported by the Federal Target Program "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel for an Innovative Russia," state contract no. 16.740.11.0484, and the project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation "Ecological and Biochemical Laws of Matter and Energy Transfer in Food Webs of Aquatic Ecosystems."
Предметные рубрики: DCMU-FLUORESCENCE METHOD
PHYTOPLANKTON
CHLOROPHYLL
PERIPHYTON
RANGE
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): primary productivity--phytoplankton--phytoperiphyton--macrophytes--fluorescence--chlorophyll--lake oiskoe
Аннотация: Productivity characteristics of phytoplankton, phytoperiphyton, and five species of macrophytes in the mountain oligotrophic Lake Oiskoe (Ergaky Mountain Range, West Sayan) have been studied. High primary productivity has been noted for phytoperiphyton and macrophyte communities. Photosynthetic parameters of the macrophyte leaves have been compared using a PAM fluorimeter.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Makhutova O.N., Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Dubovskaya O.P., Buseva Z.F., Fefilova E.B., Semenchenko V.P., Kalachova G.S., Kononova O.N., Baturina M.A.
Заглавие : Comparison of fatty acid composition of cladocerans and copepods from lakes of different climatic zones
Колич.характеристики :10 с
Коллективы : Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences [12-C-4-1011]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-05-00246-a]; "Thematic Plans Program" of the Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Russian Federation (Siberian Federal University) [B-9]; Federal Program of the Ministry of Education "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel of an Innovative Russia" [16.740.11.0484]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2014. - Vol. 7, Is. 4. - С. 474-483. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S1995425514040076. - ISSN 1995-4263
Примечания : Cited References: 47. - This work was supported by Partner Project of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences no. 8 and Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences no. 12-C-4-1011; grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research no. 11-05-00246-a; grants from "Thematic Plans Program" of the Ministry of Education and Sciences of the Russian Federation (Theme B-9 of Siberian Federal University); and a grant from the Federal Program of the Ministry of Education "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel of an Innovative Russia," national contract no. 16.740.11.0484.
Предметные рубрики: FRESH-WATER ZOOPLANKTON
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID
SEASONAL DYNAMICS
TROPHIC TRANSFER
YENISEI RIVER
LIVE FOOD
GROWTH
TEMPERATURE
SESTON
RESERVOIR
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): cladocerans--copepods--fatty acids--cold lakes--warm lakes
Аннотация: We have studied the fatty acid (FA) contents and composition of cladocerans and copepods from warm and cold lakes. We have found no significant differences in FA percent levels and per carbon contents of cladocerans from warm and cold lakes or of copepods from warm and cold lakes. A discriminant analysis showed that all cladocerans differed from all copepods mainly due to the content of docosahexaenoic acid. Compared to cladocerans, copepods had significantly higher levels of all C22 polyunsaturated FA. Thus, we conclude that cladocerans and copepods in all environments had comparatively invariant taxon-specific compositions and contents of long-chain highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs). According to HUFA content, all studied copepods can be regarded as a valuable food for fish.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakov V.I.
Заглавие : Role of Microcystis aeruginosa passing through the digestive tracts of filter-feeding animals in eutrophic water reservoirs (review)
Колич.характеристики :10 с
Коллективы : Federal Targeted Program "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel of an Innovative Russia" [16.740.11.0484]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2014. - Vol. 7, Is. 4. - С. 455-464. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S1995425514040052. - ISSN 1995-4263
Примечания : Cited References: 100. - This study was performed at the Siberian Federal University (project "Ecological and Biophysical Mechanisms of the Quality of Production in the Aquatic Ecosystems of the Yenisei River Basin") within the framework of the State Requirement of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for the provision of services (performance of activities), as well as by the Federal Targeted Program "Scientific and Scientific-Pedagogical Personnel of an Innovative Russia" (project no. 16.740.11.0484).
Предметные рубрики: CARP HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS-MOLITRIX
TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS
MUSSEL DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA
BLOOM-FORMING CYANOBACTERIUM
VIABLE GUT PASSAGE
LOW-NUTRIENT LAKES
ZEBRA MUSSEL
PHYTOPLANKTIVOROUS FISH
SELECTIVE FILTRATION
ALGAL COMPOSITION
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): microcystis aeruginosa--viable gut passage--water bloom--planktivorous fish--daphnia--bivalves--eutrophic reservoirs
Аннотация: The foreign and Russian literature devoted to studying the effect of enhancing the growth of colonies of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa Kutz em. Elenk. after their passage in a viable state through the digestive tract of filter-feeding aquatic animals (planktivorous fish, daphnia, and bivalves) has been analyzed. The main mechanisms of this effect are considered. Its role in the functioning of eutrophic reservoirs is discussed. The prospects and the need for further studies of the effect of enhancing Microcyctis growth after its viable passage through the digestive tracts of filter-feeding animals are shown for the development of a complete theory of the functioning of aquatic ecosystems.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (выпуск монографической серии)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Frank, Ludmila A., Krasitskaya, Vasilisa V.
Заглавие : Application of Enzyme Bioluminescence for Medical Diagnostics
Колич.характеристики :23 с
Место публикации : Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol.: SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, 2014. - Vol. 144. - С. 175-197. - (Advances in Biochemical Engineering-Biotechnology). - , DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-43385-0_6
Примечания : Cited References:63
Предметные рубрики: RESONANCE ENERGY-TRANSFER
POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION
LUCIFERASE
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bioluminescence--ca2+-regulated photoprotein--diagnostics--immunoassay--luciferase--nucleic acid hybridization assay
Аннотация: Nowadays luciferases are effectively used as analytical instruments in a great variety of research fields. Of special interest are the studies dealing with elaboration of novel analytical systems for the purposes of medical diagnostics. The ever-expanding spectrum of clinically important analytes accounts for the increasing demand for new techniques for their detection. In this chapter we have made an attempt to summarize the results on applications of luciferases as reporters in binding assays including immunoassay, nucleic acid hybridization assay, and so on. The data over the last 15 years have been analyzed and clearly show that luciferase-based assays, due to extremely high sensitivity, low cost, and the lack of need for skilled personnel, hold much promise for clinical diagnostics.
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