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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskii A.Y., Zhizhaev A.M., Saprykin A.I., Degermendzhi A.G., Rubailo A.I.
Заглавие : First data on the uranium content in water of the Yenisei River basin in the area affected by the operation of Rosatom plants
Место публикации : Doklady Earth Sciences. - 2011. - Vol. 439, Is. 1. - С. 1010-1015. - ISSN 1028334X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1028334X11070208
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): inorganic chemistry--isotope ratio--isotopic composition--long term monitoring--river basins--russian academy of sciences--uranium contents--uranium isotopes--water samples--effluents--inorganic compounds--isotopes--mass spectrometry--nuclear fuels--rivers--uranium--watersheds--water content--effluent--environmental monitoring--isotopic composition--isotopic ratio--mass spectrometry--tributary--uranium isotope--russian federation--yenisei river
Аннотация: This study is devoted to investigating the content of uranium isotopes in water of the Yenisei River and its tributaries within the territories affected by the operation of Rosatom plants (mining chemical combine, and electrochemical plant). Long-term monitoring of the 238U content by mass spectrometry carried out in two institutes of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences first revealed the multiple excess of 238U over the background content in different areas of the Yenisei River basin, such as the region of the Yenisei River near the effluents of the mining and chemical combine (MCC), and the territories of the Bol'shaya Tel' and Kan rivers. In these regions, the 238U content in water reaches 2.1-4.0 ?g/l, which exceeds its content upstream from the MCC (0.3-0.6 ?g/l) by almost an order of magnitude. The studies of the isotopic composition of uranium in water samples, which were carried out at the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, showed the presence of a technogenic isotope of uranium 236U in the samples from the Bolshaya Tel' River and revealed the deviation of the isotope ratio 238U/ 235U (167 В± 3 and 177 В± 3) from the equilibrium natural ratio ( 238U/ 235U = 138). These facts attest to the technogenic origin of part of the uranium in water of the Bol'shaya Tel' River connected with the activity of MCC. The excess uranium content in the Kan River requires additional studies to ascertain the fraction of uranium of technogenic origin connected with the activity of the electrochemical plant (ECP) (Fig. 1, Table 4). В© 2011 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskii A.Ya., Zotina T.A., Bondareva L.G., Degermendzhi A.G.
Заглавие : Assessment of the rate of accumulation of the transuranium element americium-241 by the aquatic plant Elodea canadensis
Место публикации : Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2004. - Vol. 399, Is. 1-6. - С. 467-469. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10630-005-0014-0
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): americium--radioisotope--water--article--biomass--drug effect--environmental monitoring--hydrocharitaceae--methodology--ph--plant--plant root--radiation exposure--radiochemistry--time--toxicity testing--water pollutant--americium--biomass--environmental monitoring--hydrocharitaceae--hydrogen-ion concentration--plant roots--plant shoots--plants--radiochemistry--radioisotopes--time factors--toxicity tests--water--water pollutants, radioactive--elodea canadensis
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A.
Заглавие : Chemical fractionation of radionuclides and stable elements in aquatic plants of the yenisei river
Место публикации : Environmental Science and Technology. - 2011. - Vol. 45, Is. 17. - С. 7143-7150. - ISSN 0013936X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1021/es2008853
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): aquatic plants--artificial radionuclides--cell structure--chemical fractionation--distribution patterns--nuclear plant--plant biomass--sequential extraction scheme--stable elements--submerged plants--transuranic elements--americium--biomass--neptunium--river pollution--rivers--radioisotopes--americium--element--neptunium--radioisotope--bioaccumulation--chemical binding--gamma ray spectrometry--isotopic fractionation--monocotyledon--phytomass--radionuclide--river pollution--submerged vegetation--aquatic species--article--batrachium kauffmanii--biomass--cell structure--controlled study--extraction--fontinalis antipyretica--fractionation--gamma spectrometry--higher plant--nonhuman--plant growth--potamogeton lucens--potamogetonaceae--river--russian federation--aquatic organisms--biomass--chemical fractionation--china--industrial waste--plants--radiation monitoring--radioisotopes--rivers--water pollutants, radioactive--russian federation--yenisei river--batrachium--fontinalis antipyretica--potamogeton lucens
Аннотация: The Yenisei River is contaminated with artificial radionuclides released by one of the Russian nuclear plants. The aquatic plants growing in the radioactively contaminated parts of the river contain artificial radionuclides. The aim of the study was to investigate accumulation of artificial radionuclides and stable elements by submerged plants of the Yenisei River and estimate the strength of their binding to plant biomass by using a new sequential extraction scheme. The aquatic plants sampled were: Potamogeton lucens, Fontinalis antipyretica, and Batrachium kauffmanii. Gamma-spectrometric analysis of the samples of aquatic plants has revealed more than 20 radionuclides. We also investigated the chemical fractionation of radionuclides and stable elements in the biomass and rated radionuclides and stable elements based on their distribution in biomass. The greatest number of radionuclides strongly bound to biomass cell structures was found for Potamogeton lucens and the smallest for Batrachium kauffmanii. For Fontinalis antipyretica, the number of distribution patterns that were similar for both radioactive isotopes and their stable counterparts was greater than for the other studied species. The transuranic elements 239Np and 241Am were found in the intracellular fraction of the biomass, and this suggested their active accumulation by the plants. В© 2011 American Chemical Society.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Bondareva L., Sukhorukov F., Melgunov M.
Заглавие : Accumulation of 242Pu by a macrophyte of the Yenisei River (Elodea canadensis) in laboratory experiments
Место публикации : Chemosphere. - 2009. - Vol. 75, Is. 3. - С. 284-288. - ISSN 00456535 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.12.036
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 242pu--accumulation--laboratory experiments--sequential extraction technique--submerged plant elodea canadensis--yenisei river--sup242/suppu--accumulation--laboratory experiments--sequential extraction technique--submerged plant elodea canadensis--yenisei river--biological materials--biomass--chemical plants--experiments--positive ions--rivers--plutonium--concentration (composition)--experimental study--laboratory method--macrophyte--plutonium isotope--river water--submerged vegetation--eurasia--russian federation--yenisei river--plutonium--article--biomass--chemistry--hydrocharitaceae--physiology--plant--radiation monitoring--river--time--water pollutant--biomass--hydrocharitaceae--plant shoots--plutonium--radiation monitoring--rivers--time factors--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: The study addresses 242Pu accumulation by Elodea canadensis, one of the abundant species of submerged plants in the Yenisei River. 242Pu in water samples of the "Elodea - Yenisei River water" model system and in the biomass fractions was determined ?-spectrometrically, following radiochemical recovery of 242Pu using 236Pu - a chemical yield tracer. The experiments on accumulation of 242Pu by Elodea biomass showed that the activity concentration of 242Pu can reach 21 В± 2 Bq/g dry wt, with the concentration factor for 242Pu 13100 В± 2100 L/kg dry wt. Results of chemical fractionation proved that during the first few hours of the experiment 242Pu contained in Elodea was mainly concentrated in the exchangeable and the adsorbed fractions of biomass (about 100%). As Elodea biomass accumulated 242Pu, the absolute amount of 242Pu in the exchangeable and the adsorbed fractions remained almost unchanged, although the portion of 242Pu tightly bound to biomass increased. At the end of the experiment, on day 7, 242Pu tightly bound to biomass (fractions of organics and mineral residue) constituted 43-63% (in different experiments) of the total 242Pu in the biomass. В© 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Bondareva L.
Заглавие : Accumulation and release of 99Tc by a macrophyte of the Yenisei River (Elodea canadensis) in laboratory experiments
Место публикации : Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - 2008. - Vol. 277, Is. 3. - С. 631-636. - ISSN 02365731 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10967-007-7148-5
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): technetium 99m--aquatic flora--article--biomass--controlled study--dry weight--liquid scintillation counting--macrophyte--nonhuman--radiation absorption--radiation detection--radiation dose fractionation--radiation measurement--radioactivity--river--water sampling
Аннотация: The study addresses 99Tc accumulation and release by Elodea canadensis, one of the abundant species of submerged plants in the Yenisei River. 99Tc in water samples of the "Elodea - Yenisei River water" model system and in the biomass fractions was measured using a liquid scintillation analyzer. Experiments on accumulation of 99Tc by Elodea showed that 99Tc activity concentration can reach 120В±6 Bq/g dry wt, with the concentration factor for 99Tc 2700В±500 l/kg dry wt. In experiments on 99Tc release, over 504 hours about 82% of the total 99Tc activity was released into the water from the plant; most of 99Tc was released within the first 192 hours. The data obtained using sequential chemical fractionation of biomass confirmed the experimental data on 99Tc release, which suggested that most of the biomass-bound 99Tc was adsorbed on the surface of Elodea. 99Tc tightly bound to biomass (fractions of organics and mineral residue) constituted just 17% of the total 99Tc activity. В© 2008 Akademiai Kiado, Budapest.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Bondareva L.
Заглавие : Actinides and other radionuclides in sediments and submerged plants of the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - 2007. - Vol. 444-445, Is. SPEC. ISS. - С. 495-499. - ISSN 09258388 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.01.146
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): accumulation--actinides in aquatic plants and sediments--radiochemical and ?-spectrometric investigations--sequential extraction technique--yenisei river--actinides--bioaccumulation--plants (botany)--radioisotopes--rivers--sampling--sediments--mining-and-chemical combine (mcc)--radiochemical and spectrometric investigations--sediment samples--sequential extraction techniques--contamination
Аннотация: The source of radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain, including contamination with actinides, is the Mining-and-Chemical combine (MCC), which has for many years been producing weapons-grade plutonium. Actinides have been detected not only in the soil and sediment of the river but also in the biomass of aquatic plants. The aim of our investigation was to assess the levels of actinides and other radionuclides in sediments and aquatic plants both near the MCC and at a considerable distance from it, down the Yenisei River. Investigations of the Yenisei River sediment samples revealed high activity concentrations of actinides (Pu isotopes and 241Am), which were 100 times higher than their global fallout levels. Sequential extraction of radionuclides from samples of sediments collected near the MCC showed that the amounts of extracted 241Am were the largest (up to 98% of initial activity). It was found that aquatic plants of the Yenisei River collected both near the MCC discharge site and at a distance up to 200 km downstream contained several actinide isotopes. The aquatic moss, Fontinalis antipyretica, was found to contain higher levels of radionuclides than Potamogeton lucens. Leaves of P. lucens contained higher levels of radionuclides, including 239Np, than stems. Sequential extraction of radionuclides from samples of aquatic plants showed that 239Np levels in exchangeable and adsorption fractions of P. lucens biomass were higher than in the respective fractions of F. antipyretica biomass. В© 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Ermakov A., Sobolev A.
Заглавие : New data on transuranium elements in the ecosystem of the Yenisei river floodplain
Место публикации : Radiochimica Acta. - 2007. - Vol. 95, Is. 9. - С. 547-552. - ISSN 00338230 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1524/ract.2007.95.9.547
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 243,244cm--blackcurrant--sediment and floodplain soil of the yenisei river--soil-plant transfer factor (tf)--transuranium elements
Аннотация: The aim of the study is to investigate levels of transuranium elements in the ecosystem of the Yenisei river floodplain in the vicinity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine of Rosatom. For the first time, the transuranium isotopes 243,244Cm have been detected in sediment, floodplain soil, and a berry shrub (Ribes nigrum - the blackcurrant) in the flood-plain of the Yenisei river. The highest level of curium isotopes registered in the sediment of the Yenisei river is 21.4 Bq/kg (dry), which is more than twice higher than maximum curium levels reported for soils sampled not far from the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant. Blackcurrant plants growing on radioactively contaminated soils contain the same transuranium elements as the soil (plutonium isotopes, americium, and curium). The highest activity concentrations of all transuranic elements have been found in ashed roots of the blackcurrant plants: 239,240Pu - 9.3 Bq/kg, 241Am - 6.9 Bq/kg, and 243,244Cm - 1.8 Bq/kg. The highest soil-plant transfer factor (TF) for 243,244Cm is determined for roots - 0.073; the TF of 243,244Cm in berries is 0.027. The TF for 239,240Pu in berries is 0.006, which is several times lower than the TF for 243,244Cm. Analysis of our results and the literature data suggests that TFs for 243,244Cm are higher than those for 239,240Pu and 241Am. В© by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Zotina T., Bondareva L.
Заглавие : Accumulation and release of 241Am by a macrophyte of the Yenisei River (Elodea canadensis)
Место публикации : Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2005. - Vol. 81, Is. 1. - С. 33-46. - ISSN 0265931X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.10.012
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 241am--accumulation--laboratory experiments--release--submerged plant elodea canadensis--yenisei river--activation analysis--biomass--concentration (process)--effluents--plutonium--rivers--aquatic plants--elodea plant--macrophytes--radioactive contamination--transuranium elements--americium 241--river water--americium--americium nitrate--bioaccumulation--biological uptake--macrophyte--pollutant source--radioactive pollution--river water--submerged vegetation--article--biomass--concentration (parameters)--environmental factor--fractionation--laboratory--macrophyte--radioactivity--river--sampling--adsorption--chemistry--hydrocharitaceae--methodology--physiology--plant--radiation exposure--radiation monitoring--russian federation--sediment--soil pollutant--time--tissue distribution--water pollutant--eastern hemisphere--eurasia--russian federation--world--yenisei river--elodea canadensis--adsorption--americium--biomass--chemical fractionation--geologic sediments--hydrocharitaceae--plant shoots--radiation monitoring--rivers--russia--soil pollutants, radioactive--time factors--tissue distribution--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: The source of radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain, including contamination with transuranic elements, is the Mining-and-Chemical Combine of the Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy, which has for many years been producing weapons-grade plutonium. Transuranic elements have been detected not only in the soil and sediment of the river but also in the biomass of aquatic plants. This work is an investigation of accumulation and release of 241Am by a submerged macrophyte of the Yenisei River (Elodea canadensis) in laboratory experiments. In 2000-2003, laboratory experiments were carried out with biomass of E. canadensis Mich. and filtered river water. The samples were collected from the Yenisei River upstream of the discharge of the Combine's radioactive effluent. The experiments showed that 241Am is accumulated by Elodea biomass: the activity concentration of 241Am can reach 3280 В± 240 Bq/g, with the concentration factor for 241Am 16 600 В± 2200 l/kg. Results of chemical fractionation have proved that in the course of 241Am accumulation by Elodea biomass, 241Am tightly bound to biomass increases from 11% to 27% of the total 241Am in the biomass. Release of 241Am from the decaying Elodea biomass has been evaluated experimentally. By the end of the experiment (lasting up to 127 days), the Elodea plants had lost up to 65% of their initial 241Am activity and the rate of 241Am release into the water environment reached 23 Bq/day. В© 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A.
Заглавие : Artificial radionuclides in aquatic plants of the Yenisei River in the area affected by effluents of a Russian plutonium complex
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2004. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - С. 57-62. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/B:AECO.0000020950.43944.ec
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ?-radionuclides--aquatic plants--concentration factor--isotopes of plutonium--aquatic plant--bioaccumulation--effluent--radionuclide--eurasia--russian federation--yenisei river--bryophyta--fontinalis--fontinalis antipyretica--potamogeton--potamogeton lucens
Аннотация: The Yenisei River, one of the largest rivers in the world, is contaminated with artificial radionuclides released by one of the Russian nuclear plants, which produces weapons-grade plutonium and has been in operation for many years. The aim of the study that was conducted between 1997 and 2002 was to investigate accumulation of artificial radionuclides by aquatic plants of the Yenisei River. The aquatic plants sampled were: Potamogeton lucens (shining weed) and Fontinalis antipyretica (water moss). The ?-spectrometric analysis of the samples of aquatic plants for artificial radionuclides has revealed a wide spectrum of long-lived and short-lived radionuclides. Artificial radionuclides such as 51Cr, 54Mn, 58Co, 60Co, 65Zn, 137Cs, and 152Eu were found in aquatic plants collected both near the plutonium complex and 194 km downstream in the river. The radiochemical analysis of aquatic plants revealed strontium and isotopes of plutonium. Fontinalis antipyretica had very high concentration factors of the principal radionuclides: 14220, 3110 and 500 of 51Cr, 46Sc and 239Np, respectively.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bondareva L., Vlasova I., Mogilnaya O., Bolsunovsky A., Kalmykov S.
Заглавие : Microdistribution of 241Am in structures of submerged macrophyte Elodea canadensis growing in the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2010. - Vol. 101, Is. 1. - С. 16-21. - ISSN 0265931X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.08.003
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): alpha-track analysis--americium--elodea canadensis--liquid-scintillation spectrometry--microdistribution--alpha-track analysis--elodea canadensis--microdistribution--scintillation spectrometry--track analysis--liquids--luminescence--radioisotopes--scintillation--spectrometry--spectroscopy--americium--americium 241--americium--americium--bioaccumulation--experimental study--leaf--macrophyte--mass spectrometry--morphology--radionuclide--spatial distribution--stem--submerged vegetation--tracking--aquatic flora--article--bioaccumulation--concentration (parameters)--elodea canadensis--environmental radioactivity--isotope analysis--isotope tracing--leaf lamina--leaf surface--macrophyte--nonhuman--plant cell--plant morphology--plant stem--radioisotope distribution--river--chemistry--hydrocharitaceae--metabolism--plant--plant leaf--radiation monitoring--river--water pollutant--eurasia--russian federation--yenisei river--elodea canadensis--americium--hydrocharitaceae--plant leaves--plant shoots--plant stems--radiation monitoring--rivers--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: A submerged macrophyte of the Yenisei River, Elodea canadensis, was used to study the microdistribution of the artificial radionuclide 241Am among different components of the plant. The total amount of 241Am added to the experimental system was 1850 В± 31 Bq/L. The total amount of 241Am accumulated by the plants was 182 Bq per sample, or 758,333 В± 385 Bq/kg dry mass. It has been found that the major portion of 241Am accumulated by E. canadensis, up to 85%, was bound to solid components of the cells. It is observed that the microdistribution of 241Am within different components of the submerged plant E. canadensis was not uniform. 241Am distribution vary depending on the age of the leaf blades, the state of the cells and morphological features of the plant stem. В© 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskii A.Ya., Aleksandrova Yu.V., Degermendzhi A.G.
Заглавие : First data on technetium-99 content in the ecosystem of the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Doklady Earth Sciences. - 2010. - Vol. 434, Is. 1. - С. 1219-1221. - ISSN 1028334X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1028334X10090163
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): aquatic plants--concentration factors--dumping site--filtered water--laboratory conditions--maximal values--radioactive effluents--technetium 99--ecology--effluents--sewage--technetium--wastewater--water content--aquatic plant--bioaccumulation--freshwater ecosystem--radioactive pollution--river water--technetium isotope--russian federation--yenisei river--potamogeton lucens
Аннотация: The content of a long-lived technogenic radionuclide 99Tc in the Yenisei within the territory of radioactive effluents of the Rosatom mining chemical combine (MCC) has been studied. In 2008-2009 the maximal 99Tc content in water was registered near the dumping site of the MCC and came to 33 mBq/l. According to analysis of filtered water samples, technetium in the Yenisei water is presented as pertechnetate ion (TcO 4). When moving away from the MCC downstream, the 99Tc content in water is decreased, which is caused both by dilution of waste water and by 99Tc accumulation by aquatic plants. The 99Tc content in the biomass of the aquatic plant Potamogeton lucens came to 82 15 Bq/kg, and the concentration factor (CF) to 8200, which is three times more than the maximal values of the CF of 99Tc by the plants in laboratory conditions (2700). В© 2010 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Zotina T.A., Bondareva L.G., Degermendzhi A.G.
Заглавие : An estimate of 241Am accumulation by the macrophyte Elodea Canadensis
Место публикации : Doklady Akademii Nauk. - 2004. - Vol. 399, Is. 1. - С. 130-133. - ISSN 08695652 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--fractionation--minerals--organic compounds--plants (botany)--radioactivity--radioisotopes--accumulation--macrophytes--americium
Аннотация: The lab experiments showed that specific activity of 241Am achieves 3280В±240 Bc/g with 241Am accumulation coefficient = 16600В±2200 l/kg. The chemical fractionation results confirmed that 241Am can be strongly fixed by elodea biomass. At the end of long-term experiment the part of 241Am strongly bonded by the biomass reached 27% of total 241Am content in biomass. The accumulation process proceeds with 241Am redistribution towards decreasing of the part of exchange and adsorbed fractions and increasing of the part of organic and mineral fractions. Thus, the 241Am part in organic fractions doubled during the experiment and in mineral fraction - grew more than 10 times as compared with initial 241Am distribution.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Ermakov A.I., Burger M., Degermendzhy A.G., Sobolev A.I.
Заглавие : Accumulation of artificial radionuclides by the Yenisei river aquatic plants in the area affected by the activity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine
Место публикации : Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya. - 2002. - Vol. 42, Is. 2. - С. 194-199. - ISSN 08698031 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): contamination--ecosystems--environmental impact--gamma ray spectrometers--radioisotopes--river pollution--radioecological concentration--radioisotope accumulation--the yenisei river--ecology--plutonium--radioisotope--strontium--article--chemical industry--chemistry--comparative study--gamma spectrometry--industrial waste--mining--nuclear reactor--plant--radiochemistry--russian federation--water pollutant--chemical industry--industrial waste--mining--nuclear reactors--plants--plutonium--radiochemistry--radioisotopes--siberia--spectrometry, gamma--strontium radioisotopes--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: The aim of the paper is to investigate accumulation of artificial radionuclides by the Yenisei river aquatic plants collected in the area affected by the activity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (Zheleznogorsk) from 1997 to 2000. The samples of aquatic plants were of four species: Potamogeton lucens, Fontinalis antipyretica, Elodea canadensis, and Ceratophyllum demersum. The gamma-spectrometric analysis of the samples of aquatic plants for artificial radionuclides revealed a wide spectrum of radionuclides. Radionuclides of activation origin were found in the aquatic plants taken both near the Combine and 200 km down of it. The radiochemical analysis of aquatic plants revealed strontium and plutonium isotopes. Among the aquatic plants, the highest concentration factors for the principal radionuclides were recorded in Fontinalis antipyretica (water moss).
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zotina T.A., Kalacheva G.S., Bolsunovsky A.Y.
Заглавие : Biochemical fractionation and cellular distribution of americium and plutonium in the biomass of freshwater macrophytes
Место публикации : Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - 2011. - Vol. 290, Is. 2. - С. 447-451. - ISSN 02365731 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10967-011-1228-2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 238, 242pu--241am--carbohydrates--cellulose--fractionation--protein--submerged macrophyte--americium 241--plutonium--plutonium 238--plutonium 242--polysaccharide--unclassified drug--article--bioaccumulation--biomass--cellular distribution--ceratophyllum demersum--controlled study--cytosol--elodea canadensis--fontinalis antipyretica--fractionation--freshwater species--macrophyte--moss--myriophyllum spicatum--nonhuman--plant cell--radiation absorption--radioactivity--shoot
Аннотация: Accumulation of americium ( 241Am) and plutonium ( 238,242Pu) and their distribution in cell compartments and biochemical components of the biomass of freshwater aquatic plants Elodea canadensis, Ceratophyllum demersum and Myrioplyllum spicatum and aquatic moss Fontinalis antipyretica have been investigated in laboratory experiments. Americium and plutonium taken up from water by Elodea canadensis apical shoots were mainly absorbed by structural components of plant cells (90% for 241Am; 89% for 238Pu and 82-87% for 242Pu). About 10-18% of isotope activity was recorded in the cytosol fraction. The major concentration (76-92%) of americium was bound to cell wall cellulose-like polysaccharides of Elodea canadensis, Myriophyllum spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum and Fontinalis antipyretica, 8-24% of americium activity was registered in the fraction of proteins and carbohydrates, and just a minor concentration (<1%) in the lipid fraction. The distribution of plutonium in the biomass fractions of Elodea was similar to that of americium. Hence, americium and plutonium had the highest affinity to cellulose-like polysaccharides of cell walls of freshwater submerged macrophytes. В© 2011 Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, Hungary.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A.Y., Dement'ev D.V.
Заглавие : Rates of 32P accumulation by aquatic plants in the Yenisei river
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Ecology. - 2010. - Vol. 41, Is. 6. - С. 531-534. - ISSN 10674136 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1067413610060111
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 32p--accumulation coefficient--aquatic plants--mining and chemical plant--the yenisei--aquatic plant--bioaccumulation--industrial waste--mine waste--phosphorus--river system--russian federation--yenisei river
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A.Y., Bondareva L.G.
Заглавие : Tritium in surface waters of the Yenisei River basin
Место публикации : Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2003. - Vol. 66, Is. 3. - С. 285-294. - ISSN 0265931X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0265-931X(02)00132-7
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): deep-well injection of radionuclides--nuclear reactor--surface and ground waters--tritium--yenisei river basin--cooling water--nuclear reactors--sediments--surface waters--river basins--tritium--carbon 14--surface water--tritium--groundwater--nuclear power plant--radioactive pollution--surface water--tritium--article--catchment--measurement--radioactive contamination--river--sediment--environmental monitoring--geologic sediments--mining--power plants--reference values--russia--tritium--water pollutants, radioactive--russian federation--tritium
Аннотация: This paper reports an investigation of the tritium content in the surface waters of the Yenisei River basin near the Mining and Chemical Combine (MCC). In 2001 the maximum tritium concentration in the Yenisei River did not exceed 4 В± 1 Bq l-1, which is consistent with the data of 1998-99. However, it has been found that there are surface waters containing enhanced tritium as compared with the background values for the Yenisei River. For instance, in the Ploskii Stream and the Shumikha River the maximum tritium concentrations amount to 168 and 81 Bq l-1, respectively. The source of tritium in these surface waters is the last operating reactor at the MCC, which still uses the Yenisei water as coolant. In water and sediment samples of the Bolshaya Tel River (a tributary of the Yenisei River) the tritium content turned out to be at least 10 times higher than the background values for the Yenisei River. The measurements conducted at the RPA RADON (Moscow) revealed not only tritium but also the artificial radionuclide 14C in the Bolshaya Tel samples. The data obtained suggest that the Bolshaya Tel River receives the major part of tritium from sediments rather than from the water catchment area. This allows the conclusion that there is water exchange between the surface waters and the radioactively contaminated underground horizons of the "Severny" testing site. В© 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zotina T.A., Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Bondareva L.G.
Заглавие : New data on accumulation of americium-241 in photoassimilating organs of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis
Место публикации : Doklady Akademii Nauk. - 2005. - Vol. 405, Is. 2. - С. 274-276. - ISSN 08695652 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): absorption--biomass--composition effects--microorganisms--plants (botany)--radioactivity--photoassimilation--radionuclide accumulation--americium
Аннотация: It is shown experimentally that 241Am activity accumulated by elodea is mainly contained in leaves (up to 80%) and about 20% - in the stem. Specific capacity of leaves in respect to americium is considerably dependent on the plant age that is due to formed on elodea leaf surface organo-mineral sediment consisting of mineral salts, epiphytic microorganisms and exometabolites. Am accumulation is larger in the older leaves (located lower on the stem) - nearly 70% of activity of americium accumulated by the whole plant biomass.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Sukovatyj A.G.
Заглавие : Radioactive contamination of aquatic organisms of the Yenisei river in the area affected by the activity of the mining-and-chemical combine
Место публикации : Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya. - 2004. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - С. 361-366. - ISSN 08698031 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): dosimetry--environmental impact--radioactivity--river pollution--water analysis--aquatic organisms--diatoms--exposure dose rate--fontinalis antipyretica--phylolimnogammarus viridis--the enisei river--radioisotopes--animalia--bacillariophyta--bryophyta--fontinalis--fontinalis antipyretica--fresh water--radioisotope--animal--article--chemical industry--crustacea--diatom--environmental monitoring--industrial waste--methodology--mining--plant--radiation exposure--radiation response--russian federation--water pollutant--water pollution--animals--chemical industry--crustacea--diatoms--dose-response relationship, radiation--environmental monitoring--fresh water--industrial waste--mining--plants--radioisotopes--siberia--water pollutants, radioactive--water pollution
Аннотация: The study was done to investigate the content of manmade radionuclides in aquatic organisms of the Yenisei River near the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) and to estimate the exposure dose rates to organisms from various sources. The results of the investigation and calculations suggest that the main source of radioactive contamination of aquatic organisms is the coolant of the third MCC reactor, which is still being released into the Yenisei. Gamma-spectrometric analysis revealed 23 manmade radionuclides in the biomass of aquatic plants. The aquatic animal Phylolimnogammarus viridis and diatoms also contain manmade radionuclides. Among aquatic organisms, the highest dose rate is received by aquatic plants (up to 39 ?Gy/day). For most aquatic organisms under study, the dose received from the technogenic irradiation is an order of magnitude higher than the dose received from natural irradiation. The water moss (Fontinalis antipyretica) features the highest capacity to accumulate manmade radionuclides; hence, it accumulates the largest technogenic exposure dose among the study aquatic organisms.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Zotina T.A.
Заглавие : Experimental investigations of 241Am accumulation by macrophytes of the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya. - 2002. - Vol. 42, Is. 2. - С. 200-203. - ISSN 08698031 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): americium--aquaculture--biomass--ecosystems--radioisotopes--americium 241--macrophytes--radioecological concentration--the yenisei river--river pollution--americium--absorption--article--biomass--chemistry--comparative study--gamma spectrometry--metabolism--plant--russian federation--time--water pollutant--absorption--americium--biomass--plants--siberia--spectrometry, gamma--time factors--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: Experiments were carried out in which 241Am was added to water samples containing macrophytes of the Yenisei River, and the radionuclide absorption rates and concentration factors were determined for the plants. It has been shown that the water moss (Fontinalis antipyretica) has a higher capacity to accumulate 241Am than the Canadian pondweed (Elodea canadensis) does. The laboratory experiments revealed that the capacity of dead biomass of the Canadian pondweed to accumulate 241Am is twice higher than that of living biomass. In contrast, no significant increase in 241Am accumulation by dead biomass of the water moss has been recorded. The transuranic element 241Am was firmly fixed by the plant biomass and was not released into water in the course of long-duration experiments.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Y., Zotina T.A., Bondareva L.G.
Заглавие : An estimate of the rate of 241Am release from the biomass of aquatic plants of the Enisei river
Место публикации : Doklady Akademii Nauk. - 2003. - Vol. 392, Is. 4. - С. 560-563. - ISSN 08695652 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): americium--aquaculture--biomass--contamination--ecology--radioisotopes--river pollution--am release rate--americium 241--elodea canadensis--enisei river--fontinalis antipyretica--radioecology--biological radiation effects
Аннотация: In the lab experiments (2000-2003) the biomass of Elodea canadelis (water thyme) and Fontinalis antipyretica (water moss) plants was used. The plants were exposed in filtered Enisei water with radionuclide additive in the form of 241Am(NO3)3 solution. The activity (A) was measured with gamma-spectrometer ("Canberra", USA) with ultra-pure germanium detector. The main A release in aqueous medium is observed after long stabilization stage caused by the plant necrosis. Elodea plants in 127 days lost up to 65% of initial A, and moss biomass - 35% in 373 days.
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