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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zotina T., Trofimova E., Bolsunovsky A.
Заглавие : Artificial radionuclides in fish fauna of the Yenisei River in the vicinity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (Siberia, Russia)
Место публикации : Radioprotection. - 2011. - Vol. 46, Is. 6 SUPPL. - С. S75-S78. - ISSN 00338451 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1051/radiopro/20116649s
Аннотация: Activities of radionuclides were measured in five species of fish (grayling, dace, crucian carp, pike, cod) sampled in the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia) in the vicinity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (ROSATOM) from 2007 to 2010, with a gamma-spectrometer (Canberra, USA). The analyses of samples of organs and tissues of fish species revealed artificial (46Sc, 51Cr, 54Mn, 58,60Co, 59Fe, 65Zn, 85Sr, 99Mo, 103,106Ru, 137Cs, 141,144Ce) and natural (7Be, 40K) radionuclides in fish organs and tissues, including edible ones. The major percent (up to 80%) of 137Cs and 40K activity occurred in muscles of fish species, which also contained considerable percentages of 60Co (up to 70%) and 65Zn (up to 20%). Seasonal changes in the intake of artificial radionuclides by zoobenthos-feeding fish species (grayling and dace) were recorded and they were followed by an activity concentration increase in internal organs. The dramatic increase in radionuclide intake by grayling coincided with the change of diet source. Hence, the feeding behavior of fish can change the fluxes of artificial radionuclides in the Yenisei River. The most effective diet transfer of a radionuclide from gammarus to grayling (muscles and total body) was recorded for 40K (1.3) and much less effective for artificial nuclides. В© 2011 EDP Sciences.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rogozin D.Y., Zykov V.V., Degermendzhi A.G.
Заглавие : Ecology of purple sulfur bacteria in the highly stratified meromictic Lake Shunet (Siberia, Khakassia) in 2002-2009
Место публикации : Microbiology (Russian Federation). - 2012. - Vol. 81, Is. 6. - С. 727-735. - ISSN 00262617 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0026261712060148
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacteriochlorophyll a--chemocline--meromictic lake--purple sulfur bacteria--seasonal dynamics--bacteria (microorganisms)--chromatiaceae
Аннотация: Phototrophic sulfur bacteria form dense accumulations in the chemocline zones of stratified lakes where light reaches the sulfide-containing layers of water. Many works are dedicated to the ecophysiology of these microorganisms in meromictic lakes. However, the role of these microorganisms in the trophic network of these ecosystems, the ways of biomass utilization, and the contribution to the turnover of biogenic elements have so far been insufficiently understood. This work deals with the analysis of many years' seasonal dynamics of the biomass of purple sulfur bacteria and the physicochemical conditions of their environment in Lake Shunet (Siberia, Khakassia, Russia), unraveling the causes of their anomalous development in the chemocline of this lake, as well as the comparative analysis of such type of ecosystems. Lake Shunet is characterized by markedly pronounced stratification and the high density of purple sulfur bacteria (PSB) in the chemocline, which is comparable to that of Lake Mahoney (Canada) where the number of PSB is the greatest among those known in the world. It was shown that, in the period 2002-2009, the total amount of bacterio-chlorophyll a in the water column of Lake Shunet increased and did not correlate with the seasonal variations in temperature and illumination in the chemocline. It was established that PSB cells in the purple layer experienced the effect of self-shading. The sedimentation rate of purple sulfur bacteria in Lake Shunet was low due to the pronounced density gradient in the chemocline zone. Thus, the high number of PSB in the chemocline was due to the combination of strong illumination, a high sulfide concentration, and a high water density gradient, which was responsible for stable stratification and contributed to the accumulation of the cells in a narrow layer. The data obtained could be useful for the paleoreconstruction of climatically deter-mined changes in the level of the lake and its periods of meromixis by the presence of carotenoids and bacte-riochlorophylls in the bottom sediments. В© 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zykov V.V., Rogozin D.Y., Kalugin I.A., Dar'in A.V., Degermendzhi A.G.
Заглавие : Carotenoids in bottom sediments of lake Shira as a paleoindicator for reconstruction of Lake States in Khakassiya, Russia
Место публикации : Contemporary Problems of Ecology. - 2012. - Vol. 5, Is. 4. - С. 434-442. - ISSN 19954255 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S199542551204018X
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): anaerobiosis--bottom sediments--holomixis--meromixis--okenone--bacterium--bioindicator--biomarker--carotenoid--holocene--lacustrine deposit--meromixis--molecular analysis--paleoclimate--photoautotrophy--reconstruction--khakassia--lake shira--russian federation
Аннотация: The concentrations of carotenoids buried in the bottom sediments of Lake Shira (Siberia, Khakassiya) have analyzed for the period of the last 2300 years. The bottom sediments were found to contain carotenoids, which are molecular markers of the corresponding groups of Phototrophic organisms. The bottom sediments of Lake Shira were shown to be a promising object for climate reconstructions of the Late Holocene in southern Siberia. В© 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Savvichev A.S., Rusanov I.I., Rogozin D.Yu., Zakharova E.E., Lunina O.N., Bryantseva I.A., Yusupov S.K., Pimenov N.V., Degermendzhi A.G., Ivanov M.V.
Заглавие : Microbiological and isotopic-geochemical investigations of meromictic lakes in Khakasia in winter
Место публикации : Mikrobiologiya. - 2005. - Vol. 74, Is. 4. - С. 552-561. - ISSN 00263656 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): meromictic water bodies--microbial production and oxidation of methane--photosynthesis--stable isotopes of carbon (? 13c) and sulfur (? 34s)--sulfate reduction--bacteria (microorganisms)--chlorobi--chromatiaceae--lamprocystis purpurea--pelodictyon luteolum--photobacteria--carbon--fresh water--methane--sulfate--sulfur--article--bacterial phenomena and functions--bacterium--comparative study--isolation and purification--metabolism--microbiology--oxidation reduction reaction--photosynthesis--russian federation--season--species difference--bacteria--bacterial physiology--carbon isotopes--fresh water--methane--oxidation-reduction--photosynthesis--seasons--siberia--species specificity--sulfates--sulfur isotopes--water microbiology
Аннотация: Microbiological and isotopic-geochemical investigations of the brackish meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet were performed in the steppe region of Khakasia in winter. Measurements made with a submersed sensor demonstrated that one-meter ice transmits light in a quantity sufficient for oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis. As in the summer season, in the community of phototrophic bacteria found in Lake Shira, the purple sulfur bacteria Amoebobacter purpureus dominated, whereas, in Lake Shunet, the green sulfur bacteria Pelodictyon luteolum were predominant. Photosynthetic production, measured using the radioisotopic method, was several times lower than that in summer. The rates of sulfate reduction and production and oxidation of methane in the water column and bottom sediments were also lower than those recorded in summer. The process of anaerobic methane oxidation in the sediments was an exception, being more intense in winter than in summer. The data from radioisotopic measurements of the rates of microbial processes correlate well with the results of determination of the isotopic composition of organic and mineral carbon (? 13C) and hydrogen sulfide and sulfate (? 34S) and suggest considerable seasonal variations in the activity of the microbial community in the water bodies investigated.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zhila N.O., Kalacheva G.S., Volova T.G., Degermendzhi A.G.
Заглавие : Structure of hydrocarbons synthesized by the alga Botryococcus isolated from Lake Shira.
Место публикации : Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections / translated from Russian. - 2001. - Vol. 378. - С. 265-269. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fatty acid--hydrocarbon--sea water--article--chemical structure--chemistry--classification--green alga--isolation and purification--metabolism--microbiology--russian federation--species difference--algae, green--fatty acids--hydrocarbons--molecular structure--seawater--siberia--species specificity
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rogozin D.Y., Zykov V.V., Kalugin I.A., Daryin A.V., Degermendzhy A.G.
Заглавие : Carotenoids of phototrophic organisms in bottom sediments of meromictic Lake Shira (Siberia, Russia) as an indicator of past stratification
Место публикации : Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2011. - Vol. 439, Is. 1. - С. 228-231. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0012496611040077
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carotenoid--chlorophyll--water--animal--article--chemistry--ecosystem--lake--metabolism--microbiology--photosynthesis--phototrophy--pigmentation--russian federation--sediment--animals--carotenoids--chlorophyll--ecosystem--geologic sediments--lakes--photosynthesis--phototrophic processes--pigmentation--russia--siberia--water--water microbiology
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Degermendzhy A.G., Zadereev E.S., Rogozin D.Y., Prokopkin I.G., Barkhatov Y.V., Tolomeev A.P., Khromechek E.B., Janse J.H., Mooij W.M., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in two saline lakes Shira and Shunet (South Siberia, Russia)
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2010. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - С. 619-632. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10452-010-9336-6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ciliates--cryptomonas--fishless lakes--gammarus--mathematical modelling--meromictic lakes--phytoplankton--stratification--sulphur bacteria--amphipod--bacterium--biomass--ciliate--ecosystem modeling--flagellate--meromictic lake--microbial community--numerical model--physicochemical property--phytoplankton--population density--saline lake--salinity--stratification--thermocline--trophic interaction--vertical profile--zooplankton--khakassia--lake shira--lake shunet--russian federation--siberia--amphipoda--bacteria (microorganisms)--ciliophora--copepoda--cryptomonas--cryptomonas sp.--gammaridae--gammarus--gammarus lacustris--phytomastigophorea--protista--rotifera
Аннотация: A feature of meromictic lakes is that several physicochemical and biological gradients affect the vertical distribution of different organisms. The vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in saline, fishless meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet (Siberia, Russia) is quite different mainly because both mean depth and maximum depth of lakes differ as well as their salinity levels differ. The chemocline of the Lake Shira, as in many meromictic lakes, is inhabited by bacterial community consisting of purple sulphur and heterotrophic bacteria. As the depth of the chemocline is variable, the bacterial community does not attain high densities. The mixolimnion in Lake Shira, which is thermally stratified in summer, also creates different habitat for various species. The distribution of phytoplankton is non-uniform with its biomass peak in the metalimnion. The distribution of zooplankton is also heterogeneous with rotifers and juvenile copepods inhabiting the warmer epilimnion and older copepods found in the cold but oxic hypolimnion. The amphipod Gammarus lacustris which can be assigned to the higher trophic link in the fishless lake's ecosystem, such as Lake Shira, is also distributed non-uniformly, with its peak density generally observed in the thermocline region. The chemocline in Lake Shunet is located at the depth of 5 m, and unlike in Lake Shira, due to a sharp salinity gradient between the mixolimnion and monimolimnion, this depth is very stable. The mixolimnion in Lake Shunet is relatively shallow and the chemocline is inhabited by (1) an extremely dense bacterial community; (2) a population of Cryptomonas sp.; and (3) ciliate community comprising several species. As the mixolimnion of Lake Shunet is not thermally stratified for long period, the phytoplankton and zooplankton populations are not vertically stratified. The gammarids, however, tend to concentrate in a narrow layer located 1-2 m above the chemocline. We believe that in addition to vertical inhomogeneities of both physicochemical parameters, biological and physical factors also play a role in maintaining these inhomogeneities. We conclude that the stratified distributions of the major food web components will have several implications for ecosystem structure and dynamics. Trophic interactions as well as mass and energy flows can be significantly impacted by such heterogeneous distributions. Species spatially separated even by relatively short distances, say a few centimetres will not directly compete. Importantly, we demonstrate that not only bacteria, phytoflagellates and ciliate tend to concentrate in thin layers but also larger-sized species such Gammarus (amphipods) can also under certain environmental conditions have stratified distribution with maxima in relatively thin layer. As the vertical structure of the lake ecosystem is rather complex in such stratified lakes as ours, the strategy of research, including sampling techniques, should consider potentially variable and non-homogeneous distributions. В© 2010 The Author(s).
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rogozin D.Y., Zykov V.V., Chernetsky M.Y., Degermendzhy A.G., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Effect of winter conditions on distributions of anoxic phototrophic bacteria in two meromictic lakes in Siberia, Russia
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2009. - Vol. 43, Is. 3. - С. 661-672. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10452-009-9270-7
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chemocline--green sulphur bacteria--purple sulphur bacteria--snow--winter--anoxic conditions--bacterium--biomass--ice cover--light intensity--meromictic lake--photoautotrophy--remote sensing--vertical distribution--eurasia--khakassia--lake shira--lake shunet--russian federation--siberia--bacteria (microorganisms)--photobacteria
Аннотация: The year-to-year variations of vertical distribution and biomass of anoxic phototrophic bacteria were studied during ice periods 2003-2005 and 2007-2008 in meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet (Southern Siberia, Russian Federation). The bacterial layers in chemocline of both lakes were sampled with a thin-layer hydraulic multi-syringe sampler. In winter, biomass of purple sulphur bacteria varied considerably depending on the amount of light penetrating into the chemocline through the ice and snow cover. In relatively weakly stratified, brackish Shira Lake, the depth of chemocline varied between winters, so that light intensity for purple sulphur bacteria inhabiting this zone differed. In Shira Lake, increased transparency of mixolimnion in winter, high chemocline position and absence of snow resulted in light intensity and biomass of purple sulphur bacteria exceeding the summer values in the chemocline of the lake. We could monitor snow cover at the lake surface using remote sensing and therefore estimate dynamics and amount of light under ice and its availability for phototrophic organisms. In Shunet Lake, the light intensities in the chemocline and biomasses of purple sulphur bacteria were always lower in winter than in summer, but the biomasses of green sulphur bacteria were similar. В© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rogozin D.Yu., Zykov V.V., Chernetskii M.Yu., Degermendzhy A.G.
Заглавие : Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria in meromictic lakes of southern Siberia during the ice period: Spatial distributions and ecological conditions
Место публикации : Doklady Biological Sciences. - 2009. - Vol. 424, Is. 1. - С. 63-67. - ISSN 00124966 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0012496609010190
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fresh water--anaerobic growth--article--environmental aspects and related phenomena--history--ice cover--microbiology--phototrophy--russian federation--season--anaerobiosis--ecological and environmental phenomena--fresh water--history, ancient--ice cover--phototrophic processes--seasons--siberia--photobacteria
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rogozin D.Yu., Pimenov N.V., Kosolapov D.B., Chan'kovskaya Yu.V., Degermendzhy A.G.
Заглавие : Thin-layer vertical distribution of purple sulfur bacteria in the chemoclines of meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet (Khakasia, Southern Siberia)
Место публикации : Doklady Akademii Nauk. - 2005. - Vol. 400, Is. 3. - С. 426-429. - ISSN 08695652 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacteria--bathymetry--biochemistry--geochemistry--physical chemistry--water bacteriology--bathometers--vertical distribution--lakes
Аннотация: Vertical inhomogeneity of microbial population, biogeochemical processes and physicochemical characteristics of chemocline was revealed using specially created stratification bathometer (sampler) consisting of syringes horizontally placed one over another on a carrying frame.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Degermendzhy A.G., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Understanding the mechanisms of blooming of phytoplankton in Lake Shira, a saline lake in Siberia (the Republic of Khakasia)
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2002. - Vol. 36, Is. 2. - С. 331-340. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon budget--cyanobacteria--heterotrophic bacteria--hydrogen sulphide--mathematical models of stratification--meromictic lakes--microbial loop--stratification--trophic scheme--algal bloom--ecosystem modeling--limiting factor--nutrient availability--phytoplankton--saline lake--trophic interaction--russian federation--algae--bacteria (microorganisms)--cyanobacteria--lyngbya--lyngbya contorta
Аннотация: The paper summarises the results of a three-year research study (European Union Grant: INTAS 97-0519) aimed at investigating the planktonic populations and trophic organization of the Lake Shira ecosystem - a saline lake in Khakasia, Siberia. The lake exhibits a stable summer-autumn stratification of the chemical-biological components. The mechanisms responsible for the 'blooming' of phytoplankton in the deeper layers were investigated in greater detail, using data from both field and laboratory experiments. The spectra of nutrition were examined to estimate the relationships between the specific growth rates of the hydrobionts and the influence of the limiting factors: light, nutrients. The observed heterotrophic capability of a metalimnetic phytoplankton population might help explain the development in the deeper waters of Lyngbya contorta. The scheme of trophic interactions was put up, based on the assessment of the carbon pools and carbon flows in the pelagic zone of the lake. A mathematical model of the vertical structure of the lake's plankton populations was constructed, using the ecosystem description and data of vertical turbulent diffusion. The role of light and nutrient limitations and grazing mortality in forming the vertical inhomogeneities, particularly in lowering the depth of the maximal cyanobacterial biomass, has been demonstrated. The theoretical curves for the stratification of chemical and biological parameters have been brought in conformity with the field observations, e.g. for the different patterns of the peaks, and for the biomass maxima of cyanobacteria, purple and green sulphur bacteria, oxygen, and hydrogen sulphide. The calculations revealed that for an adequate assessment of the parameters for the hydrogen sulphide zone it is necessary to introduce flows of allochthonous organic matter. Based on the form of the sulphur distribution curve, the allochthonous input of organic matter and the inflow of hydrogen sulphide from the bottom have been theoretically discriminated for the first time. It has also been ascertained that irrespective of the depth the allochthonous substances limiting bacterial growth, the bacteria are uniformly distributed over depth and can serve as an indicator of the presence of limitation (the effect of autostabilisation in space). Of indisputable interest to limnology are the specific methods developed for understanding the functioning of Lake Shira ecosystem. These include the autostabilisation of the limiting factors, the on-the-spot fluorescent method of determining the three classes of microalgae, the algal mixotrophy and the planktonic population interactions and feedbacks, and development of a more sensitive, bioluminescent method for mapping the nonhomogeneities. Owing to a balanced combination of classical approaches (field observations, in situ data on production-decomposition) and the more recent ones (satellite monitoring, biophysical methods of estimating interactions of populations, mathematical models based on the field and experimental data), many of the structural-function relationships in the ecosystem can now be explained, and the models can provide 'mutual control and mutual agreement' between the data collected using different approaches.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Degermendzhy A.G., Belolipetsky V.M., Zotina T.A., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Formation of the vertical heterogeneity in the Lake Shira ecosystem: The biological mechanisms and mathematical model
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2002. - Vol. 36, Is. 2. - С. 271-297. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1015621508971
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): hydrogen sulphide--phytoplankton--stratification control--sulphate-reducing bacteria--sulphur cycle--vertical model--biological production--community structure--ecosystem modeling--nutrient cycling--plankton--saline lake--seasonal variation--vertical distribution--russian federation--algae--arctodiaptomus--bacteria (microorganisms)--calanoida--chlorophyta--copepoda--crustacea--cyanobacteria--dictyosphaerium--lyngbya--lyngbya contorta
Аннотация: Data on the seasonal changes in vertical heterogeneity of the physical-chemical and biological parameters of the thermally stratified Shira Lake ecosystem (Khakasia, Siberia) in 1996-2000 have been analyzed. The interaction mechanisms involving: (1) The plankton populations in aerobic and anaerobic zones, involving the cycling of carbon and sulphur, (2) the primary production limitation (by light and phosphorus) and inhibition (by light), and (3) the kinetic characteristics of plankton populations have been elucidated. A mathematical model of the vertical structure of the lake's plankton populations, based on the ecosystem description and on vertical turbulent diffusion of the matter, has been constructed. The green alga Dictyosphaerium tetrachotomum (Chlorophyta) and the cyanobacterium Lyngbya contorta (Cyanophyta), which dominated the phytoplankton biomass, were taken as oxygen producers. Arctodiaptomus salinus (a calanoid copepod) has been assumed as the main grazer in Shira Lake as it dominated the zooplankton biomass. Four groups of microorganisms involved in the sulphur cycle formation have been distinguished: sulphur, sulphur purple, sulphur green and SRB. H2S is oxidized to sulphate (only the green sulphur bacteria oxidize it to sulphur), and sulphate is reduced to H2S, forming neither sulphur nor its water-soluble compounds. The role of grazing, light and nutrient limitation, in forming the vertical inhomogeneities, particularly in lowering the depth of the maximal cyanobacterial biomass, has been demonstrated. When the model takes into account both light limitation and nutrient limitation of algal growth by P and consumption of algae by crustaceans: (a) in the scenario where the P is formed only by the cycling and decomposition of autochthonous organic matter, both the green algae and cyanobacteria are eliminated; (b) in the scenario involving an additional P flux in the deep water layers the peak of the cyanobacteria is at a depth of 10 m, and its amplitude is close to the one observed in the lake. The position of the peak remains stable owing to the 'double' limitation mechanism: light 'from above' and P 'from below'. Another mechanism responsible for the deep position of the peak of cyanobacteria was analyzed mathematically based on the model involving the experimentally proven assumption of the growth inhibition by light in the epilimnion and the light limitation in the hypolimnion. The main result is: the peak is positioned stable at its depth and does not change with time. The analytical and numerical calculations made for this positioning mechanism yielded the formulae relating the depth of the maximum of algal biomass, the 'width' of the peak base and the peak amplitude and a number of parameters (algae elimination, turbulent diffusion coefficient, sedimentation rate, light extinction coefficient and light intensity). The theoretical curves for the stratification of chemical and biological parameters have been brought in conformity with field observations, e.g. for the different patterns for the peaks, and the biomass maxima of cyanobacteria, purple and green sulphur bacteria, oxygen, and hydrogen sulphide. The calculations revealed that for an adequate assessment of the parameters for the hydrogen sulphide zone it is necessary to introduce flows of allochthonous organic matter. For the first time, theoretically, based on the form of the sulphur distribution curve, the allochthonous input of organic matter and the inflow of hydrogen sulphide from the bottom have been discriminated. The theoretical limit for the depth up to which the hydrogen-sulphide zone can ascend under the impact of allochthonous organic loading, has been determined.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yemelyanova A.Y., Temerova T.A., Degermendzhy A.G.
Заглавие : Distribution of Gammarus lacustris Sars (Amphipoda, Gammaridae) in Lake Shira (Khakasia, Siberia) and laboratory study of its growth characteristics
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2002. - Vol. 36, Is. 2. - С. 245-256. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1015624205389
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--fresh-water shrimp--gammarus lacustris--growth--numbers--biomass--growth rate--saline lake--spatial distribution--zoobenthos--russian federation--amphipoda--cellular organisms--decapoda (crustacea)--gammaridae--gammarus--gammarus lacustris--invertebrata
Аннотация: Spatial distribution of Gammarus lacustris in Lake Shira and growth of young specimens that feed on lake biota were studied. The amphipods have been shown to inhabit the littoral, sublittoral and the upper aphytal zones of the lake on stony-sandy soil and silted sand. The young and adult individuals stay apart. The young live in submerged or semi-submerged vegetation in the littoral, the adults in the sublittoral and upper aphytal zones. Maximum density of amphipods was encountered in the areas influenced by human activity. The feeding experiments revealed that the lake plankton is a more important food source for G. lacustris than any other food species. The specific growth rate measured was 0.039 d-1, with a length increment 0.095 mm d-1.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Ermakov A.I., Burger M., Degermendzhy A.G., Sobolev A.I.
Заглавие : Accumulation of artificial radionuclides by the Yenisei river aquatic plants in the area affected by the activity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine
Место публикации : Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya. - 2002. - Vol. 42, Is. 2. - С. 194-199. - ISSN 08698031 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): contamination--ecosystems--environmental impact--gamma ray spectrometers--radioisotopes--river pollution--radioecological concentration--radioisotope accumulation--the yenisei river--ecology--plutonium--radioisotope--strontium--article--chemical industry--chemistry--comparative study--gamma spectrometry--industrial waste--mining--nuclear reactor--plant--radiochemistry--russian federation--water pollutant--chemical industry--industrial waste--mining--nuclear reactors--plants--plutonium--radiochemistry--radioisotopes--siberia--spectrometry, gamma--strontium radioisotopes--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: The aim of the paper is to investigate accumulation of artificial radionuclides by the Yenisei river aquatic plants collected in the area affected by the activity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (Zheleznogorsk) from 1997 to 2000. The samples of aquatic plants were of four species: Potamogeton lucens, Fontinalis antipyretica, Elodea canadensis, and Ceratophyllum demersum. The gamma-spectrometric analysis of the samples of aquatic plants for artificial radionuclides revealed a wide spectrum of radionuclides. Radionuclides of activation origin were found in the aquatic plants taken both near the Combine and 200 km down of it. The radiochemical analysis of aquatic plants revealed strontium and plutonium isotopes. Among the aquatic plants, the highest concentration factors for the principal radionuclides were recorded in Fontinalis antipyretica (water moss).
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Boyandin A.N., Rudnev V.P., Ivonin V.N., Prudnikova S.V., Korobikhina K.I., Filipenko M.L., Volova T.G., Sinskey A.J.
Заглавие : Biodegradation of polyhydroxyalkanoate films in natural environments
Место публикации : Macromolecular Symposia. - 2012. - Vol. 320, Is. 1. - С. 38-42. - ISSN 10221360 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1002/masy.201251004
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biodegradation--biopolymers--microbial degradation--polyhydroxyalkanoates--acinetobacters--acremonium--alcaligenes--burkholderia--degradation rate--degrading activities--degrading bacteria--enterobacter--hydroxyvalerate--mass loss--microbial degradation--micromycetes--natural environments--paecilomyces--poly-3-hydroxybutyrate--poly-hydroxyalkanoate--polyhydroxyalkanoates--siberia--south china sea--stenotrophomonas--trichoderma--tropical soils--viet nam--xanthomonas--bacteria--bacteriology--biopolymers--degradation--seawater--soils--tropics--biodegradation
Аннотация: Biodegradation of film specimens from polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) of two types - poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3- hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) - was analysed in different environments: tropical sea waters of the South China Sea (Nha Trang, Vietnam) and soils in the environs of Hanoi (Vietnam), Nha Trang (Vietnam) and Krasnoyarsk (Siberia, Russia). In seawater, the mass loss of the specimens of both types was almost equal. However, in tropical soils, PHB degraded quicker than PHBV. In the Siberian soil, the degradation rate of the PHBV was generally higher than that of PHBV. Analysis of molecular mass of PHA specimens showed its decreasing during biodegradation. In the tropical sea conditions, PHA degrading microorganisms were represented by bacteria of Enterobacter, Bacillus and Gracilibacillus genera. Among PHA degrading bacteria, Burkholderia, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Mycobacterium and Streptomyces genera were identified in Vietnamese soils, and Variovorax, Stenotrophomonas, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Bacillus and Xanthomonas genera in Siberian soils. Micromycetes of Gongronella, Paecilomyces, Penicillium and Trichoderma genera exhibited PHA degrading activity in Vietnamese soils, and Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Acremonium, Verticillium and Zygosporium genera - in Siberian soils. Copyright В© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kalacheva G.S., Zhila N.O., Volova T.G.
Заглавие : Lipid and hydrocarbon compositions of a collection strain and a wild sample of the green microalga Botryococcus
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2002. - Vol. 36, Is. 2. - С. 317-330. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1015615618420
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): batch culture--botoryococcus braunii--fatty acids--hydrocarbons--lipids--chemical composition--fatty acid--green alga--hydrocarbon--lipid--saline lake--russian federation--algae--bacteria (microorganisms)--botryococcus--botryococcus braunii--chlorophyta
Аннотация: Lipid composition and hydrocarbon structure of two colonial green algae of the genus Botryococcus, i.e., a mu seum strain and a field sample collected for the first time from Lake Shira (Khakasia, Siberia), have been compared. Polar lipids, diacylglycerols, alcohols, triacylglycerols, sterols, sterol esters, free fatty acids and hydrocarbons have been identified among lipids in the laboratory culture. The dominant fraction in the museum strain was formed by polar lipids (up to 50% of the lipids) made up of fatty acids from C12 to C24. Palmitic, oleic, C16 - C18 dienoic and trienoic acids were the main fatty acids of the museum strain. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were found in the lipid of the museum strain. However, these amounted maximally to about 1% of the dry biomass at the end of exponential growth phase. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of FAs and hydrocarbons of the museum strain of Botryococcus, (registered at the Cambridge collection as Botryococcus braunii Kutz No LB 807/1 Droop 1950 H-252) differed from those of the Botryococcus strain described in the literature as Botryococcus braunii. The Botryococcus sp. found in Lake Shira is characterized by a higher lipid content (< 40% of the dry weight). Polar lipids, sterols, triacylglycerols, free fatty acids and hydrocarbons have been identified among lipids in the field sample. The main lipids in this sample were dienes and trienes (hydrocarbons < 60% of total lipid). Monounsaturated and very long chain monounsaturated fatty acids, including C28:1 and C32:1 acids, were identified in the Botryococcus found in Lake Shira. The chemo-taxonomic criteria allow us to unequivocally characterize the organism collected from Lake Shira as Botryococcus braunii race A.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Sukovatyj A.G.
Заглавие : Radioactive contamination of aquatic organisms of the Yenisei river in the area affected by the activity of the mining-and-chemical combine
Место публикации : Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya. - 2004. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - С. 361-366. - ISSN 08698031 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): dosimetry--environmental impact--radioactivity--river pollution--water analysis--aquatic organisms--diatoms--exposure dose rate--fontinalis antipyretica--phylolimnogammarus viridis--the enisei river--radioisotopes--animalia--bacillariophyta--bryophyta--fontinalis--fontinalis antipyretica--fresh water--radioisotope--animal--article--chemical industry--crustacea--diatom--environmental monitoring--industrial waste--methodology--mining--plant--radiation exposure--radiation response--russian federation--water pollutant--water pollution--animals--chemical industry--crustacea--diatoms--dose-response relationship, radiation--environmental monitoring--fresh water--industrial waste--mining--plants--radioisotopes--siberia--water pollutants, radioactive--water pollution
Аннотация: The study was done to investigate the content of manmade radionuclides in aquatic organisms of the Yenisei River near the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) and to estimate the exposure dose rates to organisms from various sources. The results of the investigation and calculations suggest that the main source of radioactive contamination of aquatic organisms is the coolant of the third MCC reactor, which is still being released into the Yenisei. Gamma-spectrometric analysis revealed 23 manmade radionuclides in the biomass of aquatic plants. The aquatic animal Phylolimnogammarus viridis and diatoms also contain manmade radionuclides. Among aquatic organisms, the highest dose rate is received by aquatic plants (up to 39 ?Gy/day). For most aquatic organisms under study, the dose received from the technogenic irradiation is an order of magnitude higher than the dose received from natural irradiation. The water moss (Fontinalis antipyretica) features the highest capacity to accumulate manmade radionuclides; hence, it accumulates the largest technogenic exposure dose among the study aquatic organisms.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Zotina T.A.
Заглавие : Experimental investigations of 241Am accumulation by macrophytes of the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya. - 2002. - Vol. 42, Is. 2. - С. 200-203. - ISSN 08698031 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): americium--aquaculture--biomass--ecosystems--radioisotopes--americium 241--macrophytes--radioecological concentration--the yenisei river--river pollution--americium--absorption--article--biomass--chemistry--comparative study--gamma spectrometry--metabolism--plant--russian federation--time--water pollutant--absorption--americium--biomass--plants--siberia--spectrometry, gamma--time factors--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: Experiments were carried out in which 241Am was added to water samples containing macrophytes of the Yenisei River, and the radionuclide absorption rates and concentration factors were determined for the plants. It has been shown that the water moss (Fontinalis antipyretica) has a higher capacity to accumulate 241Am than the Canadian pondweed (Elodea canadensis) does. The laboratory experiments revealed that the capacity of dead biomass of the Canadian pondweed to accumulate 241Am is twice higher than that of living biomass. In contrast, no significant increase in 241Am accumulation by dead biomass of the water moss has been recorded. The transuranic element 241Am was firmly fixed by the plant biomass and was not released into water in the course of long-duration experiments.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovskij A.Ya., Kosinenko S.V.
Заглавие : Experimental investigations of the intensity of phosphorus radionuclide uptake by samples of algobacterial community of the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Radiatsionnaya Biologiya. Radioekologiya. - 2001. - Vol. 41, Is. 1. - С. 119-123. - ISSN 08698031 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): phosphorus--alga--article--bacterium--microbiology--radiation exposure--russian federation--water pollution--algae--bacteria--phosphorus radioisotopes--siberia--water microbiology--water pollution, radioactive--algae--ecosystems--phosphorus--radioactivity--radioisotopes--river pollution--algobacterial community--radioecological concentration--yenisei river--biological radiation effects
Аннотация: The experiments in which phosphorus radionuclide was added to samples of algobacterial community of the Yenisei River taken near the production area of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (Zheleznogorsk) made possible determining the uptake rates and coefficients of radionuclide accumulation by microorganisms. Radios between processes of adsorption and accumulation of phosphorus radionuclide by components of water seston (suspended matter) have been determined. The portion of the specific radioactivity of phosphorus adsorbed by unit mass of seston (and algae) has been found to be not more than 7% of the activity accumulated by algal cells.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakova A.A., Gladyshev M.I., Kalachova G.S., Kravchuk E.S., Ivanova E.A., Sushchik N.N.
Заглавие : Amino acid composition of epilithic biofilm and benthic animals in a large Siberian river
Место публикации : Freshwater Biology. - 2013. - Vol. 58, Is. 10. - С. 2180-2195. - ISSN 00465070 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1111/fwb.12200
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acids--epilithic microalgae and cyanobacteria--nutritive quality--river ecosystem--zoobenthos
Аннотация: We studied amino acid (AA) composition of epilithic biofilms and zoobenthos near the shore at a middle section of the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia). We hypothesised that there was an imbalance between the composition and content of amino acids in the biofilm and its consumers, the zoobenthos, as well as between those in the zoobenthos and fish. Based on monthly sampling from 2007 to 2010, there was seasonal variation in AA profiles in the epilithic biofilms, probably caused by the succession of microalgal and cyanobacterial species. Overall, there was an imbalance in the percentage of the essential amino acids (lysine and histidine) between benthic animals and their food (the epilithic biofilm), which suggests that benthic animals may be limited by food quality. Moreover, the zoobenthos had a significantly higher content of AA, relative to carbon, than the biofilm. Based on sampling in 2012, there was an imbalance between the AA profiles of zoobenthos and that of their main consumer, the Siberian grayling (Thymallus arcticus), particularly in the percentages of two essential amino acids, lysine and leucine. In terms of overall content of essential amino acids, the nutritional value to fish of gammarids, which have recently invaded the river, was significantly lower than that of indigenous taxa, trichopteran and chironomid larvae. В© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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