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1.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Gribovskaya I.A., Tirranen L.S., Manukovsky N.S., Zolotukhin I.G., Karnachuk R.A., Gros J.-B., Lasseur Ch.
Заглавие : Light intensity and production parameters of phytocenoses cultivated on soil-like substrate under controled environment conditions
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 7. - С. 1775-1780. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)80020-0
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacteria--biology--crops--photosynthesis--substrates--light intensity--space research--biosphere--biomass--carbon dioxide--colony count, microbial--culture media--ecological systems, closed--enterobacteriaceae--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plant transpiration--raphanus--soil microbiology--triticum--water microbiology
Аннотация: To increase the degree of closure of biological life support systems of a new generation, we used vermicomposting to involve inedible phytomass in the intra-system mass exchange. The resulting product was a soil-like substrate, which was quite suitable for growing plants (Manukovsky et al. 1996, 1997). However, the soil-like substrate can be regarded as a candidate for inclusion in a system only after a comprehensive examination of its physical, chemical, and other characteristics. An important criterion is the ability of the soil-like substrate to supply the necessary mineral elements to the photosynthesizing component under the chosen cultivation conditions. Thus, the purpose of this work was to study the feasibility of enhancing the production activity of wheat and radish crops by varying the intensity of photosynthetically active radiation, without decreasing the harvest index. The increase of light intensity from 920 to 1150 ?molВ·m -2В·s -1 decreased the intensity of apparent photosynthesis of the wheat crops and slightly increased the apparent photosynthesis of the radish crops The maximum total and grain productivity (kg/m 2) of the wheat crops was attained at the irradiance of 920 ?molВ·m -2В·s -1. Light intensity of 1150 ?molВ·m -2В·s -1 decreased the productivity of wheat plants and had no significant effect on the productivity of the radish crops (kg/m 2) as compared to 920 ?molВ·m 2В·s -1. The qualitative and quantitative composition of microflora of the watering solution and substrate was determined by the condition of plants, developmental phase and light intensity. By the end of wheat growth under 1150 ?molВ·m -2В·s -1 the numbers of bacteria of the coliform family and phytopathogenic bacteria in the watering solution and substrate were an order of magnitude larger than under other illumination conditions. The obtained data suggest that the cultivation of plants in a life support system on soil-like substrate from composts has a number of advantages over the cultivation on neutral substrates, which require continual replenishment of the plant nutrient solution from the system's store to complement the macro- and microelements. Yet, a number of problems arise, including those related to the controlling of the production activity of the plants by the intensity of photosynthetically active radiation. It is essential to understand why the intensity of production processes is limited at higher irradiation levels and to overcome the factors responsible for this, so that the soil-like substrate could have an even better chance in the competition for the best plant cultivation technology to be used in biological life support systems. В© 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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2.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Manukovsky N.S., Lisovsky G.M., Kudenko Yu.A., Kovalev V.S., Gubanov V.G., Barkhatov Yu.V., Gribovskaya I.V., Zolotukhin I.G., Gros J.B., Lasseur Ch.
Заглавие : Mass exchange in an experimental new-generation life support system model based on biological regeneration of environment
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 7. - С. 1711-1720. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)80017-0
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--photosynthesis--plants (botany)--transpiration--mass exchange--life support systems (spacecraft)--ammonia--nitrogen--oxygen--biosphere--animal--annelid worm--article--biological model--biomass--bioremediation--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--metabolism--microclimate--photosynthesis--pleurotus--radish--wheat--ammonia--animals--biodegradation, environmental--biomass--ecological systems, closed--evaluation studies--humans--life support systems--models, biological--nitrogen--oligochaeta--oxygen--photosynthesis--pleurotus--raphanus--triticum
Аннотация: An experimental model of a biological life support system was used to evaluate qualitative and quantitative parameters of the internal mass exchange. The photosynthesizing unit included the higher plant component (wheat and radish), and the heterotrophic unit consisted of a soil-like substrate, California worms, mushrooms and microbial microflora. The gas mass exchange involved evolution of oxygen by the photosynthesizing component and its uptake by the heterotroph component along with the formation and maintaining of the SLS structure, growth of mushrooms and California worms, human respiration, and some other processes. Human presence in the system in the form of "virtual human" that at regular intervals took part in the respirative gas exchange during the experiment. Experimental data demonstrated good oxygen/carbon dioxide balance, and the closure of the cycles of these gases was almost complete. The water cycle was nearly 100% closed. The main components in the water mass exchange were transpiration water and the watering solution with mineral elements. Human consumption of the edible plant biomass (grains and roots) was simulated by processing these products by a unique physicochemical method of oxidizing them to inorganic mineral compounds, which were then returned into the system and fully assimilated by the plants. The oxidation was achieved by "wet combustion" of organic biomass, using hydrogen peroxide following a special procedure, which does not require high temperature and pressure. Hydrogen peroxide is produced from the water inside the system. The closure of the cycle was estimated for individual elements and compounds. Stoichiometric proportions are given for the main components included in the experimental model of the system. Approaches to the mathematical modeling of the cycling processes are discussed, using the data of the experimental model. Nitrogen, as a representative of biogenic elements, shows an almost 100% closure of the cycle inside the system. The proposed experimental model of a biological system is discussed as a candidate for potential application in the investigations aimed at creating ecosystems with largely closed cycles of the internal mass exchange. The formation and maintenance of sustainable cycling of vitally important chemical elements and compounds in biological life support systems (BLSS) is an extremely pressing problem. To attain the stable functioning of biological life support systems (BLSS) and to maintain a high degree of closure of material cycles in them, it is essential to understand the character of mass exchange processes and stoichiometric proportions of the initial and synthesized components of the system. В© 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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3.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pechurkin N.S., Somova L.A., Polonskii V.I., Pis'man T.I., Sarangova A.B., Polonskaya D.E., Sadovskaya G.M.
Заглавие : Influence of rhizosphere bacteria of the genus pseudomonas on the growth of wheat seedlings under conditions of complete mineral supply and nitrogen deficiency
Место публикации : Mikrobiologiya. - 1997. - Vol. 66, Is. 4. - С. 553-557. - ISSN 00263656 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--growth--nitrogen--pseudomonas--transpiration--wheat
Аннотация: The influence of two rhizosphere bacteria-Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putidaon the growth of wheat seedlings was studied under conditions of complete mineral supply and nitrogen deficiency in the medium. On complete mineral medium, the plants that developed from the seeds inoculated with the pseudomonads had some advantages for growth over those developed from the non-inoculated seeds. Inoculated plants showed an increased transpiration and a higher content of organic nitrogen in their biomass. Under conditions of nitrogen deficiency in the medium, no differences were found between inoculated and noninoculated plants. No competition for the nitrogen sources was revealed between the bacteria and plants; the development of the rhizosphere bacteria was limited by the rate of organic compound excretion by plant roots. The stimulatory effect produced on plant growth by the rhizosphere bacteria was shown to vary depending on the environmental factors.
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4.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S., Polonsky V.I., Pisman T.I., Sarangova A.B., Andre M., Sadovskaya G.M.
Заглавие : Plants-rhizospheric organisms interaction in a manmade system with and without biogenous element limitation
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1939-1943. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): nitrogen--article--bacterial count--biomass--comparative study--culture medium--growth, development and aging--metabolism--microbiology--plant leaf--plant root--plant seed--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--wheat--biomass--colony count, microbial--culture media--nitrogen--plant leaves--plant roots--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--seeds--triticum
Аннотация: The effect has been studied of inoculation of seeds of wheat with two species of rhizospheric microorganisms, -Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida - on young plant growth with complete and with nitrogen deficit mineral nutrition. With complete mineral medium, plants grown from seeds inoculated with bacteria of Pseudomonas genus (experiment plants) have been found to have better growth over plants not inoculated with these bacteria (control plants). The experiment plants had increased transpiration and their biomass had higher organic nitrogen content. With nitrogen deficit medium, the plants inoculated with bacteria and those without them, have not revealed changes in growth. Neither case demonstrated competition of microorganisms with plants for nitrogen sources. В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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5.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pechurkin N.S., Somova L.A., Polonskii V.I., Pis'man T.I., Sarangova A.B., Polonskaya D.E., Sadovskaya G.M.
Заглавие : Influence of rhizosphere bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas on the growth of wheat seedlings under conditions of complete mineral supply and nitrogen deficiency
Место публикации : Microbiology. - 1997. - Vol. 66, Is. 4. - С. 461-465. - ISSN 00262617 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--growth--nitrogen--pseudomonas--transpiration--wheat
Аннотация: The influence of two rhizosphere bacteria-Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida -on the growth of wheat seedlings was studied under conditions of complete mineral supply and nitrogen deficiency in the medium. On complete mineral medium, the plants that developed from the seeds inoculated with the pseudomonads had some advantages for growth over those developed from the non-inoculated seeds. Inoculated plants showed an increased transpiration and a higher content of organic nitrogen in their biomass. Under conditions of nitrogen deficiency in the medium, no differences were found between inoculated and noninoculated plants. No competition for the nitrogen sources was revealed between the bacteria and plants; the development of the rhizosphere bacteria was limited by the rate of organic compound excretion by plant roots. The stimulatory effect produced on plant growth by the rhizosphere bacteria was shown to vary depending on the environmental factors. В© 1997 MAHK Hayka/Interperiodica Publishing.
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6.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Pechurkin N.S., Mariasova T.S., Somova L.A., Sarangova A.B.
Заглавие : A mathematical model of "plants-microorganisms" interaction on complete mineral medium and under nitrogen limitation
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1999. - Vol. 24, Is. 3. - С. 383-387. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): nitrogen--ecological modeling--interspecific interaction--nutrient limitation--plant--rhizosphere--article--biological model--biomass--comparative study--culture medium--drug effect--growth, development and aging--mathematics--microbiology--plant root--pseudomonas fluorescens--sweating--wheat--biomass--culture media--mathematics--models, biological--nitrogen--plant roots--plant transpiration--pseudomonas fluorescens--triticum
Аннотация: A mathematical model concerning the interaction of plants and rhizospheric microorganisms on complete mineral medium and under nitrogen limitation has been constructed. The model takes into account the closeness of plants and microorganisms in terms of the matter released by the plant and consumed by the microorganisms. The effect of rhizospheric microorganisms on plant growth with normal carbon dioxide and complete mineral medium has been demonstrated. Plants interacting with microorganisms have a greater biomass than plants growing without microorganisms. Wheat growth stimulation by metabolites of rhizospheric microorganisms under laboratory conditions on artificial soil has been experimentally demonstrated (Pechurkin, 1997). Under nitrogen limitation , the biomass of plants, with or without microorganisms, is identical, and is substantially reduced as compared with the medium with standard nitrogen. В© 1999 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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7.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Manukovsky N.S., Lisovsky G.M., Kudenko Y.A., Kovalev V.S., Gubanov V.G., Barkhatov Y.V., Gribovskaya I.V., Zolotukhin I.G., Gros J.B., Lasseur C...
Заглавие : Mass exchange in an experimental new-generation life support system model based on biological regeneration of environment
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - С. 1711-1720. - 10. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00108-X
Примечания : Cited References: 13
Аннотация: An experimental model of a biological life support system was used to evaluate qualitative and quantitative parameters of the internal mass exchange. The photosynthesizing unit included the higher plant component (wheat and radish), and the heterotrophic unit consisted of a soil-like substrate, California worms, mushrooms and microbial microflora. The gas mass exchange involved evolution of oxygen by the photosynthesizing component and its uptake by the heterotroph component along with the formation and maintaining of the SLS structure, growth of mushrooms and California worms, human respiration, and some other processes. Human presence in the system in the form of "virtual human" that at regular intervals took part in the respirative gas exchange during the experiment. Experimental data demonstrated good oxygen/carbon dioxide balance, and the closure of the cycles of these gases was almost complete. The water cycle was nearly 100% closed. The main components in the water mass exchange were transpiration water and the watering solution with mineral elements. Human consumption of the edible plant biomass (grains and roots) was simulated by processing these products by a unique physicochemical method of oxidizing them to inorganic mineral compounds, which were then returned into the system and fully assimilated by the plants. The oxidation was achieved by "wet combustion" of organic biomass, using hydrogen peroxide following a special procedure, which does not require high temperature and pressure. Hydrogen peroxide is produced from the water inside the system. The closure of the cycle was estimated for individual elements and compounds. Stoichiometric proportions are given for the main components included in the experimental model of the system. Approaches to the mathematical modeling of the cycling processes are discussed, using the data of the experimental model. Nitrogen, as a representative of biogenic elements, shows an almost 100% closure of the cycle inside the system, The proposed experimental model of a biological system is discussed as a candidate for potential application in the investigations aimed at creating ecosystems with largely closed cycles of the internal mass exchange. The formation and maintenance of sustainable cycling of vitally important chemical elements and compounds in biological life support systems (BLSS) is an extremely pressing problem. To attain the stable functioning of biological life support systems (BLSS) and to maintain a high degree of closure of material cycles in them, it is essential to understand the character of mass exchange processes and stoichiometric proportions of the initial and synthesized components of the system. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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8.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pechurkin N.S., Somova L.A., Polonskii V.I., Pisman T.I., Sarangova A.B., Polonskaya D.E., Sadovskaya G.M.
Заглавие : Influence of rhizosphere bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas on the growth of wheat seedlings under conditions of complete mineral supply and nitrogen deficiency
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : Microbiology: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 1997. - Vol. 66, Is. 4. - С. 461-465. - ISSN 0026-2617
Примечания : Cited References: 9
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): pseudomonas--wheat--nitrogen--growth--biomass--transpiration
Аннотация: The influence of two rhizosphere bacteria-Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida-on the growth of wheat seedlings was studied under conditions of complete mineral supply and nitrogen deficiency in the medium. On complete mineral medium, the plants that developed from the seeds inoculated with the pseudomonads had some advantages for growth over those developed from the non-inoculated seeds. Inoculated plants showed an increased transpiration and a higher content of organic nitrogen in their biomass. Under conditions of nitrogen deficiency in the medium, no differences were found between inoculated and noninoculated plants. No competition for the nitrogen sources was revealed between the bacteria and plants; the development of the rhizosphere bacteria was limited by the rate of organic compound excretion by plant roots. The stimulatory effect produced on plant growth by the rhizosphere bacteria was shown to vary depending on the environmental factors.
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9.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Manukovsky N.S., Lisovsky G.M., Kudenko Y.A., Kovalev V.S., Gubanov V.G., Barkhatov Y.V., Gribovskaya I.V., Zolotukhin I.G., Gros J.B., Lasseur C...
Заглавие : Mass exchange in an experimental new-generation life support system model based on biological regeneration of environment
Колич.характеристики :10 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - P1711-1720. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00108-X
Примечания : Cited References: 13
Аннотация: An experimental model of a biological life support system was used to evaluate qualitative and quantitative parameters of the internal mass exchange. The photosynthesizing unit included the higher plant component (wheat and radish), and the heterotrophic unit consisted of a soil-like substrate, California worms, mushrooms and microbial microflora. The gas mass exchange involved evolution of oxygen by the photosynthesizing component and its uptake by the heterotroph component along with the formation and maintaining of the SLS structure, growth of mushrooms and California worms, human respiration, and some other processes. Human presence in the system in the form of "virtual human" that at regular intervals took part in the respirative gas exchange during the experiment. Experimental data demonstrated good oxygen/carbon dioxide balance, and the closure of the cycles of these gases was almost complete. The water cycle was nearly 100% closed. The main components in the water mass exchange were transpiration water and the watering solution with mineral elements. Human consumption of the edible plant biomass (grains and roots) was simulated by processing these products by a unique physicochemical method of oxidizing them to inorganic mineral compounds, which were then returned into the system and fully assimilated by the plants. The oxidation was achieved by "wet combustion" of organic biomass, using hydrogen peroxide following a special procedure, which does not require high temperature and pressure. Hydrogen peroxide is produced from the water inside the system. The closure of the cycle was estimated for individual elements and compounds. Stoichiometric proportions are given for the main components included in the experimental model of the system. Approaches to the mathematical modeling of the cycling processes are discussed, using the data of the experimental model. Nitrogen, as a representative of biogenic elements, shows an almost 100% closure of the cycle inside the system, The proposed experimental model of a biological system is discussed as a candidate for potential application in the investigations aimed at creating ecosystems with largely closed cycles of the internal mass exchange. The formation and maintenance of sustainable cycling of vitally important chemical elements and compounds in biological life support systems (BLSS) is an extremely pressing problem. To attain the stable functioning of biological life support systems (BLSS) and to maintain a high degree of closure of material cycles in them, it is essential to understand the character of mass exchange processes and stoichiometric proportions of the initial and synthesized components of the system. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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