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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Sidko F.Ya., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Belyanin V.N., Trubachov I.N., Rerberg M.S.
Заглавие : Life support system with autonomous control employing plant photosynthesis
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1976. - Vol. 3, Is. 9-10. - С. 633-650. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biochemical engineering - photosynthesis--spacecraft--adaptation--article--chlorella--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--intestine--male--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--photosynthesis--physiology--plant--space flight--task performance--vegetable--water supply--wheat--adaptation, physiological--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--humans--intestines--life support systems--male--metabolism--photosynthesis--plants--space simulation--task performance and analysis--triticum--vegetables--water supply
Аннотация: This research was aimed at obtaining a closed control system. This was achieved by placing all the technological processes providing for human vital activities within the hermetically sealed space, and by transferring the entire control and guidance of these processes to people inhabiting the system. In contrast to existing biological life support systems, man has been included not only as a participant of metabolism, but as an operator who is the central figure in collecting information, making decisions and controlling all technological processes. To tackle this problem, the "BIOS-3" experimental complex was created for performing long-term experiments using different structures of biological life-support system. The experiment lasted six months and consisted of three stages. During the first stage the system was comprised of two equivalent phytotrons with the culture of wheat and an assortment of vegetable plants, and the living compartment. At the second stage, one of the phytotrons was removed while a compartment of chlorella cultivators was introduced. The third stage differed from the second, the former using wheat phytotron and the latter employing phytotron with an assortment of vegetable cultures. Three men inhabited the system simultaneously. The experiment demonstrated that a biological life support system controlled autonomously from the inside is feasible within a small confined space. However, immunological and microbiological research shows, that the medium created by the system is not fully adequate for man. In conclusion, some prospects have been outlined for further studies of biological life support systems. В© 1976.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovskii G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Sid'ko F.Ya., Trubachev I.N., Shilenko M.P., Alekseev S.S., Pan'kova I.M., Tirranen L.S.
Заглавие : Long-term experiments on man's stay in biological life-support system
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1989. - Vol. 9, Is. 8. - С. 65-71. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agricultural products--ecosystems--food products--personnel - health--space flight - manned flight--bios-3 complex--phytotrons--spacecraft--water--air conditioning--article--biomass--crop--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--light--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--photosynthesis--plant--waste management--wheat--air conditioning--biomass--crops, agricultural--ecological systems, closed--evaluation studies--humans--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plants--triticum--waste management--water
Аннотация: We describe the experimental system having maximal possible closure of material recycling in an ecosystem, including people and plants, which was carried out in a hermetically sealed experimental complex "BIOS-3", 315 m2 in volume. The system included 2 experimentators and 3 phytotrons with plants (total sowing area of 63 m2). Plants were grown with round-the-clock lamp irradiation with 130 Wm-2 PAR intensity. The plants production was food for people. Water exchange of ecosystem, as well as gas exchange, was fully closed excluding liquids and gas samples taken for chemical analysis outside the system. The total closure of material turnover constituted 91%. Health state of the crew was estimated before, during and after the experiment. A 5-months period did not affect their health. The experiments carried out prove that the closed ecosystem of "man-plants" is a prototype of a life-support system for long-term space expeditions. В© 1989.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., V B., Grigoriev A.I., Lisovsky G.M., Manukovsky N.S., Sinyak Y.u.E., Ushakova S.A.
Заглавие : Biological-physical-chemical aspects of a human life support system for a lunar base
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1995. - Vol. 37, Is. C. - С. 385-394. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): animal--aquaculture--article--biomass--construction work and architectural phenomena--cyprinodontiformes--filtration--growth, development and aging--human--microbiology--microclimate--moon--nutritional value--photoperiodicity--plant--space flight--standard--tilapia--waste management--water management--wheat--animals--aquaculture--biomass--cyprinodontiformes--ecological systems, closed--facility design and construction--filtration--humans--life support systems--moon--nutritive value--photoperiod--plants, edible--space flight--tilapia--triticum--waste management--water microbiology--water purification
Аннотация: To create a life support system based on biological and physical-chemical processes is the optimum solution providing full-valued condidtions for existence and efficient work of people at a lunar base. Long-standing experinece in experimental research or closed ecosystems and their components allows us to suggest a realistic functional structure of the lunar base and to estimate qualitatively its parameters. The original restrictions are as follows: 1) the basic source of energy to support the biological processes has to be the solar radiation; 2) the initial amount of basic biological elelments forming the turnover of substances (C, O, H, P, K, N) has to be delivered from Earth; 3). Moon materials are not to be used in the biological turnover inside the base; 4) the base is to supply the crew fully with atmosphere and water, and with 90% (A scenario) or 40% (B scenario) of food. Experimental data about the plant productivity under the "Moon" rhythm of light and darkness allow us to suggest that the A scenario requires per one human: plant area - 40 m2 irradiated during the lunar day by 250-300 W/m2 PAR producing 1250 g of dry biomass a terrestrial day; a heterotrophic component of "biological incineration" of inedible plant biomass (800 g/day) including the aquaculture of fish to produce animal products and contaminating the environment less than birds and mammals, and the culture of edible mushrooms; a component of physical-chemical correction for the LSS envi ronment including the subsystems of: deep oxidation of organic impurities in the atmosphere and of water, organic wastes of human activity and that biological components (420 g/day) Co2 concentration in "Moon" nights, damping O2 in "Moon" days, etc. The stock of presotred or delivered from Earth substances (food additions, seeds, etc.) to be involved in biological turnover is to be about 50 kg/year per man. Increase of the mass of prestored substances per man up to 220 kg/year would reduce twice the plant area and consumed amount of radiant energy to exclude the components of "biological incineration" and physical-chemical destruction of organic wastes. В© 1995.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : Spectral composition of light and plant productivity
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1996. - Vol. 18, Is. 4-5. - С. 259-263. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--biology--cucumber--growth, development and aging--illumination--light--maize--photon--photosynthesis--plant--radiation exposure--spectroscopy--sunflower--tomato--wheat--cucumis sativus--helianthus--light--lighting--lycopersicon esculentum--photobiology--photons--photosynthesis--plants--spectrum analysis--triticum--zea mays
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., Tirranen L.S., Borodina E.V., Rygalov V.Ye.
Заглавие : Impaired growth of plants cultivated in a closed system: Possible reasons
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1927-1930. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): air conditioning--air pollutant--article--culture medium--growth, development and aging--human--hydroponics--methodology--microbiology--microclimate--plant--sewage--wheat--air conditioning--air pollutants--culture media--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--humans--hydroponics--life support systems--plants--triticum--waste disposal, fluid--water microbiology
Аннотация: Plants in experiments on "man-higher plants" closed ecosystem (CES) have been demonstrated to have inhibited growth and reduced productivity due to three basic factors: prolonged usage of a permanent nutrient solution introduction into the nutrient medium of intra-system gray water, and closure of the system. Gray water was detrimental to plants the longer the nutrient solution was used. However, higher plant growth was mostly affected by the gaseous composition of the CES atmosphere, through accumulation of volatile substances. В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Lisovsky G.M., Gitelson J.I., Shilenko M.P., Gribovskaya I.V., Trubachev I.N.
Заглавие : Direct utilization of human liquid wastes by plants in a closed ecosystem
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1801-1804. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fertilizer--nitrogen--sodium chloride--urea--article--biomass--culture medium--feasibility study--human--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--sewage--urine--waste management--wheat--biomass--culture media--ecological systems, closed--feasibility studies--fertilizers--humans--nitrogen--sodium chloride--triticum--urea--urine--waste disposal, fluid--waste management
Аннотация: Model experiments in phytotrons have shown that urea is able to cover 70% of the demand in nitrogen of the conveyer cultivated wheat. At the same time wheat plants can directly utilize human liquid wastes. In this article by human liquid wastes the authors mean human urine only. In a long-term experiment on "man-higher plants" system with two crewmen, plants covered 63 m2, with wheat planted to - 39.6 m2. For 103 days, complete human urine (total amount - 210.7 1) wassupplied into the nutrient solution for wheat. In a month and a half NaCl supply into the nutrient solution stabilized at 0.9-1.65 g/l. This salination had no marked effect on wheat production. The experiment revealed the realistic feasibility to directly involve liquid wastes into the biological turnover of the life support system. The closure of the system, in terms of water, increased by 15.7% and the supply of nutrients for wheat plants into the system was decreased. Closedness of biological turnover of matter in a man-made "man - higher plants" ecological system might involve, among other processes, direct utilization of human liquid wastes by plants. The amount of urine comprises 15-20% of the total amount of water cycling within the system including water as part of food, household, hygiene and potable water necessary for man. What is more, it they contains most nitrogen-bearing compounds emitted by man, almost all of the NaCl and some other substances involved in the biological turnover. Human liquid wastes can be utilized either by preliminary physical-chemical treatment (evaporating or freezing out the water, finally oxidizing the organic matter, isolating the mineral components required for plants, etc.) and further involvement of the obtained products or by direct application into the nutrient solution for plants. The challenge of direct utilization is that plants have no need of Na+ and Cl-, and also the organic forms of nitrogen emitted by man cannot fully meet the demand of plants forthis element. Besides, hygienic and/or psychological reasons make it desirable to avoid direct use of liquid wastes in the nutrient solutions that would have direct contact with edible part of plants (tubers, roots, bulbs). Feasibility of direct utilization of liquid wastes by plants in a closed "man - higher plants" ecosystem has been experimentally studied on wheat - grain culture as a model plant with the edible part in the form of seeds spatially dissociated with the nutrient medium. The wheat covered 60-65% of the area under higher plants. The studies have been carried out in "Bios-3"experimental facility described in detail elsewhere (Lisovsky, 1979; Gitelson et al., 1989). В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S., Polonsky V.I., Pisman T.I., Sarangova A.B., Andre M., Sadovskaya G.M.
Заглавие : Plants-rhizospheric organisms interaction in a manmade system with and without biogenous element limitation
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1939-1943. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): nitrogen--article--bacterial count--biomass--comparative study--culture medium--growth, development and aging--metabolism--microbiology--plant leaf--plant root--plant seed--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--wheat--biomass--colony count, microbial--culture media--nitrogen--plant leaves--plant roots--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--seeds--triticum
Аннотация: The effect has been studied of inoculation of seeds of wheat with two species of rhizospheric microorganisms, -Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida - on young plant growth with complete and with nitrogen deficit mineral nutrition. With complete mineral medium, plants grown from seeds inoculated with bacteria of Pseudomonas genus (experiment plants) have been found to have better growth over plants not inoculated with these bacteria (control plants). The experiment plants had increased transpiration and their biomass had higher organic nitrogen content. With nitrogen deficit medium, the plants inoculated with bacteria and those without them, have not revealed changes in growth. Neither case demonstrated competition of microorganisms with plants for nitrogen sources. В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pisman T.I., Pechurkin N.S., Mariasova T.S., Somova L.A., Sarangova A.B.
Заглавие : A mathematical model of "plants-microorganisms" interaction on complete mineral medium and under nitrogen limitation
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1999. - Vol. 24, Is. 3. - С. 383-387. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): nitrogen--ecological modeling--interspecific interaction--nutrient limitation--plant--rhizosphere--article--biological model--biomass--comparative study--culture medium--drug effect--growth, development and aging--mathematics--microbiology--plant root--pseudomonas fluorescens--sweating--wheat--biomass--culture media--mathematics--models, biological--nitrogen--plant roots--plant transpiration--pseudomonas fluorescens--triticum
Аннотация: A mathematical model concerning the interaction of plants and rhizospheric microorganisms on complete mineral medium and under nitrogen limitation has been constructed. The model takes into account the closeness of plants and microorganisms in terms of the matter released by the plant and consumed by the microorganisms. The effect of rhizospheric microorganisms on plant growth with normal carbon dioxide and complete mineral medium has been demonstrated. Plants interacting with microorganisms have a greater biomass than plants growing without microorganisms. Wheat growth stimulation by metabolites of rhizospheric microorganisms under laboratory conditions on artificial soil has been experimentally demonstrated (Pechurkin, 1997). Under nitrogen limitation , the biomass of plants, with or without microorganisms, is identical, and is substantially reduced as compared with the medium with standard nitrogen. В© 1999 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S., Sarangova A.B., Pisman T.I., Polonsky V.I., Sadovskay G.M.
Заглавие : Small artificial ecosystems: response to variation of environmental factors (CO2 enrichment).
Место публикации : Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1999. - Vol. 6, Is. 3. - С. 215-220. - ISSN 10699422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon--carbon dioxide--article--biomass--comparative study--drug effect--ecosystem--growth, development and aging--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--photosynthesis--plant seed--pseudomonas--wheat--biomass--carbon--carbon dioxide--ecosystem--environment, controlled--photosynthesis--pseudomonas--seeds--soil microbiology--triticum
Аннотация: Response of "wheat plants--rhizospheric microorganisms--artificial soil"--a simple terrestrial ecosystem--to carbon dioxide increased in its atmosphere to 0.06% has been studied. It has been experimentally demonstrated that a simple ecosystem develops and functions different from its individual elements (components), in this case "plants-artificial soil" without microorganisms. With mineral nutrition unlimited and CO2 enrichment the system is capable of binding (involving into turnover) 40% more carbon than the system without microorganisms. With material balance as the basis, this article evaluates the contribution of a system's elements into its development, namely, the contribution of the photosynthesizing component and the contribution of microorganisms.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Nesterenko T.V., Shikhov V.N., Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : Thermoinduction of chlorophyll fluorescence and the age-related condition of higher plant leaves
Колич.характеристики :8 с
Место публикации : Russ. J. Plant Physiol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 2001. - Vol. 48, Is. 2. - P244-251. - ISSN 1021-4437, DOI 10.1023/A:1009016520582
Примечания : Cited References: 27
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): thermoinduction of chlorophyll fluorescence--leaf--development
Аннотация: The age-related changes in the temperature dependence curves (TDC) of chlorophyll fluorescence were studied in leaf segments of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), and cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) plants grown under controlled photoculture conditions. Three major TDC patterns of chlorophyll fluorescence were identified within the temperature range of 25-70 degreesC, with each of the patterns corresponding to a certain phase of leaf development. The transition from one type of thermogram to another was a gradual and ordered process. The magnitude of the low-temperature TDC peak increased until leaves completely expanded and declined with leaf senescence. In the course of leaf senescence, the thermograms exhibited an additional shoulder, which further changed into a peak at 55-65 degreesC with increasing magnitude. Our data provide the basis for assessing leaf age from the type of chlorophyll fluorescence thermogram and the changes in the particular indices characteristic of TDC of chlorophyll fluorescence.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A, Pechurkin N.S., Sarangova A.B., Pisman T.I.
Заглавие : Effect of bacterial population density on germination wheat seeds and dynamics of simple artificial ecosystems
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2001. - Vol. 27, Is. 9. - С. 1611-1615. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00257-5
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacteria--biomass--ecosystems--plants (botany)--seed--artificial soil--germination--photoassimilation--space research--artificial ecosystem--article--comparative study--ecosystem--germination--growth, development and aging--isolation and purification--microbiology--physiology--plant root--plant seed--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--wheat--ecosystem--germination--plant roots--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--seeds--triticum
Аннотация: Effect of the size of rhizospheric bacterial populations on germination of seeds and development of simple terrestrial "wheat plants - rhizospheric microorganisms - artificial soil" and "wheat plants - artificial soil" systems has been studied. Experiments demonstrated that within specify ranges in the inoculate, the rhizospheric bacteria are capable of increasing the yield of germinated seeds and stimulate the growth of plantlets. Germination of seeds inoculated with bacteria was either stimulated, or inhibited or remained at control levels depending on the amount of bacteria. Plant biomass growth and total photoassimilation has been found to depend on the amount of bacteria on the plant roots: the higher the amount of bacteria on plant roots, the smaller is the biomass of plants but the total photoassimilation is, higher. Thus, depending on the amount of bacteria on the roots of plants the system either increases the biomass of plants or increases the total photoassimilation, i.e. "pumps" carbon through itself involving bacteria. В© 2001 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S.
Заглавие : Functional, regulatory and indicator features of microorganisms in man-made ecosystems
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2001. - Vol. 27, Is. 9. - С. 1563-1570. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00247-2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--carbon dioxide--ecosystems--life support systems (spacecraft)--photosynthesis--sewage treatment--soils--human microfloras--microorganisms--carbon--carbon dioxide--artificial ecosystem--article--biomass--bioreactor--ecosystem--human--intestine--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--plant root--sewage--wheat--biomass--bioreactors--carbon--carbon dioxide--ecological systems, closed--ecosystem--environmental microbiology--humans--intestines--life support systems--plant roots--sewage--triticum--waste disposal, fluid
Аннотация: Functional, regulatory and indicator features of microorganisms in development and functioning of the systems and sustaining stability of three man-made ecosystem types has been studied. 1) The functional (metabolic) feature was studied in aquatic ecosystems of biological treatment of sewage waters for the reducer component. 2) The regulatory feature of bacteria for plants (producer component) was studied in simple terrestrial systems "wheat plants-rhizospheric microorganisms - artificial soil" where the behavior of the system varied with activity of the microbial component. For example with atmospheric carbon dioxide content elevated microbes promote intensification of photosynthesis processes, without binding the carbon in the plant biomass. 3) The indicator feature for the humans (consumer component) was studied in Life Support Systems (LSS). High sensitivity of human microflora to system conditions allowed its use as an indicator of the state of both system components and the entire ecosystem. В© 2001 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Nesterenko T.V., Shikhov V.N., Tikhomiro A.A.
Заглавие : Thermoinduction of chlorophyll fluorescence and the age-related condition of higher plant leaves
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. - 2001. - Vol. 48, Is. 2. - С. 244-251. - ISSN 10214437 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1009016520582
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): development--leaf--thermoinduction of chlorophyll fluorescence--cucumis--cucumis sativus--embryophyta--lycopersicon esculentum--sativum--triticum aestivum
Аннотация: The age-related changes in the temperature dependence curves (TDC) of chlorophyll fluorescence were studied in leaf segments of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), and cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) plants grown under controlled photoculture conditions. Three major TDC patterns of chlorophyll fluorescence were identified within the temperature range of 25-70В°C, with each of the patterns corresponding to a certain phase of leaf development. The transition from one type of thermogram to another was a gradual and ordered process. The magnitude of the low-temperature TDC peak increased until leaves completely expanded and declined with leaf senescence. In the course of leaf senescence, the thermograms exhibited an additional shoulder, which further changed into a peak at 55-65В°C with increasing magnitude. Our data provide the basis for assessing leaf age from the type of chlorophyll fluorescence thermogram and the changes in the particular indices characteristic of TDC of chlorophyll fluorescence.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pis'man T.I., Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S.
Заглавие : Mathematical model of the interaction of components in a plant-rhizospheric microorganisms system at the higher level of carbon dioxide in atmosphere
Место публикации : Biofizika. - 2002. - Vol. 47, Is. 5. - С. 920-925. - ISSN 00063029 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--algorithm--article--biological model--biomass--ecosystem--microbiology--physiology--plant seed--pseudomonas putida--wheat--algorithms--biomass--carbon dioxide--ecosystem--models, biological--pseudomonas putida--seeds--triticum
Аннотация: A mathematical model describing the interaction of plants and rhizospheric microorganisms on complete mineral medium at a higher CO2 level in the atmosphere was constructed. The positive effect of CO2-enrichment on the system plant--rhizospheric microorganisms was shown. The effect of rhizospheric microorganisms on plant growth at normal and high level of carbon dioxide was demonstrated. It was shown that the biomass of plant in the system is smaller than the biomass of plant growing without microorganisms. It was experimentally demonstrated that a simple ecosystem wheat--Pseudomonas putida--artificial soil develops and functions differently than its individual constituents in the case of a wheat-artificial soil system. With unlimited nutrition and a higher CO2 level (0.06%), plants with roots inoculated with microorganisms have a smaller biomass than plants that were not inoculated with microorganisms.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitel'son I.I., Tikhomirov A.A., Parshina O.V., Ushakova S.A., Kalacheva G.S.
Заглавие : Volatile metabolites and external CO2 exchange of wheat cenoses under optimal conditions and thermal stress
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : Appl. Biochem. Microbiol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 2002. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - P78-82. - ISSN 0003-6838, DOI 10.1023/A:1013212907872
Примечания : Cited References: 17
Предметные рубрики: EMISSIONS
Аннотация: The effects of elevated temperature (35 and 45degreesC) on photosynthesis, respiration, and both the qualitative and quantitative compositions of volatile emissions (VE) of wheat (Triticum aestuvum L. cultivar 232) cenoses at light intensities of 70, 150, or 240 W/m(2) of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) were studied. At a PAR of 240 W/m(2), the thermal stabilities of photosynthesis and respiration increased at 35degreesC and decreased at 45degreesC. Elevated temperatures nonuniformly changed the rates and direction of VE syntheses. In this process, the highest increase in VE evolution was observed at 70 W/m(2) and 35degreesC; the lowest, at 240 W/m(2). In addition, the concentrations and composition of VE during the repair period differed from the initial values.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitel'son I.I., Tikhomirov A.A., Parshina O.V., Ushakova S.A., Kalacheva G.S.
Заглавие : Volatile metabolites and external CO2 exchange of wheat cenoses under optimal conditions and thermal stress
Место публикации : Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology. - 2002. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - С. 78-82. - ISSN 00036838 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1013212907872
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--volatile agent--article--biosynthesis--carbon dioxide transport--chemical composition--concentration (parameters)--controlled study--cultivar--metabolite--nonhuman--photosynthesis--photosynthetically active radiation--plant metabolism--qualitative analysis--quantitative analysis--stress--temperature sensitivity--thermal exposure--thermostability--wheat--rickettsia sp. par--triticum--triticum aestivum
Аннотация: The effects of elevated temperature (35 and 45В°C) on photosynthesis, respiration, and both the qualitative and quantitative compositions of volatile emissions (VE) of wheat (Triticum aestuvum L. cultivar 232) cenoses at light intensities of 70, 150, or 240 W/m2 of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) were studied. At a PAR of 240 W/m2, the thermal stabilities of photosynthesis and respiration increased at 35В°C and decreased at 45В°C. Elevated temperatures nonuniformly changed the rates and direction of VE syntheses. In this process, the highest increase in VE evolution was observed at 70 W/m2 and 35В°C; the lowest, at 240 W/m2. In addition, the concentrations and composition of VE during the repair period differed from the initial values.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ushakova S.A., Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : Tolerance of LSS plant component to elevated temperatures
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 2002. - Vol. 50, Is. 12. - С. 759-764. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(02)00010-3
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): metabolism--photosynthesis--rate constants--thermal effects--thermoanalysis--thermal tolerance--life support systems (spacecraft)--carbon dioxide--adaptation--article--brassicaceae--comparative study--heat--instrumentation--light--metabolism--microclimate--photosynthesis--physiology--plant physiology--wheat--adaptation, physiological--brassicaceae--carbon dioxide--ecological systems, closed--heat--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plant physiology--triticum
Аннотация: Stability of LSS based on biological regeneration of water, air and food subject to damaging factors is largely dependent on the behavior of the photosynthesizing component represented, mainly, by higher plants. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tolerance of uneven-aged wheat and radish cenoses to temperature effects different in time and value. Estimation of thermal tolerance of plants demonstrated that exposure for 20 h to the temperature increasing to 45В°C brought about irreversible damage both in photosynthetic processes (up to 80% of initial value) and the processes of growth and development. Kinetics of visible photosynthesis during exposure to elevated temperatures can be used to evaluate critical exposure time within the range of which the damage of metabolic processes is reversible. With varying light intensity and air temperature it is possible to find a time period admissible for the plants to stay under adverse conditions without considerable damage of metabolic processes. В© 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitel'zon I.I., Tikhomirov A.A., Parshina O.V., Ushakova S.A., Kalacheva G.S.
Заглавие : Volatile Metabolites and External CO2 Exchange of Wheat Cenoses under Optimal Conditions and Thermal Stress
Место публикации : Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya. - 2002. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - С. 95. - ISSN 05551099 (ISSN)
Аннотация: The effects of elevated temperature (35 and 45В°C) on photosynthesis, respiration, and both the qualitative and quantitative compositions of volatile emissions (VE) of wheat (Triticum aestuvum L. cultivar 232) cenoses at light intensities of 70, 150, or 240 W/m2 of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) were studied. At a PAR of 240 W/m2, the thermal stabilities of photosynthesis and respiration increased at 35В°C and decreased at 45В°C. Elevated temperatures nonuniformly changed the rates and direction of VE syntheses. In this process, the highest increase in VE evolution was observed at 70 W/m2; the lowest, at 240 W/m2 and 35В°C. In addition, the concentrations and composition of VE during the repair period differed from the initial values.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Manukovsky N.S., Lisovsky G.M., Kudenko Yu.A., Koyalev V.S., Gribovskaya I.V., Tirranen L.S., Zolotukhin I.G., Gros J.B., Lasseur Ch.
Заглавие : Synthesis of biomass and utilization of plants wastes in a physical model of biological life-support system
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 2003. - Vol. 53, Is. 4-10. - С. 249-257. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(03)00137-1
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ecosystems--microorganisms--ph--photosynthesis--plants (botany)--synthesis (chemical)--waste utilization--biological life support systems (blls)--gas exchange--plant respiration--biomass--carbon dioxide--agaricales--article--biomass--bioremediation--growth, development and aging--hydroponics--incineration--metabolism--methodology--microbiology--microclimate--photosynthesis--plant physiology--radish--space flight--waste management--weightlessness--wheat--agaricales--biodegradation, environmental--biomass--carbon dioxide--ecological systems, closed--environmental microbiology--hydroponics--incineration--life support systems--photosynthesis--plant physiology--raphanus--space flight--triticum--waste management--weightlessness
Аннотация: The paper considers problems of biosynthesis of higher plants' biomass and "biological incineration" of plant wastes in a working physical model of biological LSS. The plant wastes are "biologically incinerated" in a special heterotrophic block involving Califomian worms, mushrooms and straw. The block processes plant wastes (straw, haulms) to produce soil-like substrate (SLS) on which plants (wheat, radish) are grown. Gas exchange in such a system consists of respiratory gas exchange of SLS and photosynthesis and respiration of plants. Specifics of gas exchange dynamics of high plants - SLS complex has been considered. Relationship between such a gas exchange and PAR irradiance and age of plants has been established. Nitrogen and iron were found to the first to limit plants' growth on SLS when process conditions are deranged. The SLS microflora has been found to have different kinds of ammonifying and denitrifying bacteria which is indicative of intensive transformation of nitrogen-containing compounds. The number of physiological groups of microorganisms in SLS was, on the whole, steady. As a result, organic substances - products of exchange of plants and microorganisms were not accumulated in the medium, but mineralized and assimilated by the biocenosis. Experiments showed that the developed model of a man-made ecosystem realized complete utilization of plant wastes and involved them into the intrasystem turnover. В© 2003 International Astronautical Federation. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Karnachuk R.A., Vaishlya O.B., Dorofeev V.Y., Ushakova S.A., Tikhomirov A.A., Lasseur C..., Gros J.B.
Заглавие : Effect of growing conditions on wheat hormonal status and productivity in experimental ecological system
Колич.характеристики :6 с
Место публикации : Russ. J. Plant Physiol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 2003. - Vol. 50, Is. 2. - P237-242. - ISSN 1021-4437, DOI 10.1023/A:1022933516663
Примечания : Cited References: 24
Предметные рубрики: GRAINS
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): triticum aestivum--phytohormones--co2--illuminance--productivity
Аннотация: The levels of free and bound forms of IAA, ABA, cytokinins (CK), and gibberellins, as well as growth characteristics and productivity were investigated in two wheat lines. The plants were grown under controlled conditions in an artificial ecosystem that allowed the irradiance, CO2 concentration, and rhizosphere temperature to be changed. The main difference in the hormonal status of leaves of tall spring wheat, line 232, and dwarf wheat, line 95-3, was the absence of GA(9) gibberellins in the latter. It was found that the light intensity and temperature of rhizosphere insignificantly affected the balance of endogenous phytohormones and HI in wheat. The elevation of CO2 concentration resulted in a considerable increase in the content of free IAA, an appearance of free GA(9), and a rise in the productivity of wheat, line 232. The concentration of CO2 was shown to be a major parameter that determined HI in the experimental ecological system.
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