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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M. I., Sushchik N. N., Shulepina S. P., Ageev A. V., Dubovskaya O. P., Kolmakova A. A., Kalachova G. S.
Заглавие : Secondary Production of Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids by Zoobenthos Across Rivers Contrasting in Temperature
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Коллективы : Siberian Federal University [6.1089.214/K]; Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research [51.1.1]
Место публикации : River Res. Appl.: WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016. - Vol. 32, Is. 6. - С. 1252-1263. - ISSN 1535-1459, DOI 10.1002/rra.2945. - ISSN 1535-1467(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:55. - The work was supported by the project no. 6.1089.214/K of Siberian Federal University carried out according to Federal Tasks of Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation and by Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research (project no. 51.1.1).
Предметные рубрики: AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
CLIMATE-CHANGE
YENISEI RIVER
ALPINE PONDS
LAKE
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): essential polyunsaturated fatty acids--river zoobenthos--secondary--production--biodiversity--water temperature--climate warming
Аннотация: Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA), namely eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA), which are essential for many animals, including humans, are mainly produced in aquatic trophic webs. In fast-flowing rivers, macrozoobenthos is the main source of HUFA for fish and may be particularly vulnerable to thermal alterations associated with climate change. We studied benthic communities in a unique natural ecosystem: the Yenisei River downstream of the dam of Krasnoyarsk Hydroelectric Power Station with very low temperature in summer because of discharge of cold water from deep in the reservoir and its tributaries with high summer temperature. This natural experiment' allowed to get rid of confounding factors, such as differences in light, seasonality, geology (biogeochemistry) and biogeography (regional species pools). As found, in spite of an increase of biodiversity and rates of daily production in warm rivers compared with cold sites, DHA and partly EPA production of zoobenthos decreased with the increase of temperature because of changes in species composition. Thus, in a climate warming context, we can predict a decrease of production of these HUFA by river zoobenthos and thereby a diminishing of their supply for fish and next to humans. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Borisova E. V., Makhutova O. N., Gladyshev M. I., Sushchik N. N.
Заглавие : Fluxes of biomass and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids from water to land via chironomid emergence from a mountain lake
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: Maik Nauka Publishing / Springer SBM, 2016. - Vol. 9, Is. 4. - С. 446-457. - ISSN 19954255 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S199542551604003X
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amphibiotic insect emergence--biogenic fluxes from water to land--chironomidae--mountain landscape--polyunsaturated fatty acids--chironomidae--hexapoda
Аннотация: The taxonomic composition, seasonal dynamics, and emergence intensity of chironomid adults (the Chironomidae family) emerging from Oiskoe mountain oligotrophic lake (Western Sayan, Southern Siberia) have been established. The value of the annual emergence of chironomid adults averages 0.42 g wet weight m-2 in the lake area and approaches the value of potential emergence, which is calculated based on the estimate of zoobenthos secondary production. For the first time the fatty-acid composition and contents of essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are compared between the larvae and adult stages of chironomids. The PUFA content per wet weight unit in adults is more than 7 times higher than that in larvae. The PUFA flux per lake area unit resulting from the chironomid emergence amounted to 1.752 mg m-2 y-1, which is over 10 times lower than the global estimate for the emergence of amphibiotic insects. Calculations show that the PUFA flux brought with the chironomid emergence per land unit of the studied mountain territory is very low when compared to that for other landscapes, with the exception of the shoreline part of the territory with a width of 15 m, in which the PUFA flux is comparable to that in productive landscapes. © 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Popova O. N., Haritonov A. Y., Anishchenko O. V., Gladyshev M. I.
Заглавие : Export of biomass and metals from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems via the emergence of dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata)
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: Maik Nauka Publishing / Springer SBM, 2016. - Vol. 9, Is. 4. - С. 458-473. - ISSN 19954255 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1995425516040090
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): abundance--barabinsk forest steppe--biomass--emergence--long-term ecological monitoring--metals--odonata--western siberia--anisoptera (dragonflies)--diptera--insecta--libellula quadrimaculata--odonata
Аннотация: Long-term monitoring of the abundance and spatial distribution of 18 widespread species of Odonata has made it possible to assess their contribution to the export of aquatic productivity that entered the Barabinsk forest-steppe ecosystem. The annual emergence of Odonata varies from 0.8 to 4.9 g/m2 of the land area and from 2.3 to 13.3 g/m2 of the water area, which is 4–5 times larger than that in Diptera. The total flux of organic matter from water to terrestrial ecosystems remains relatively stable (sixfold interannual variability) irrespective of large interannual variations in the abundance of separate species (e.g., 42-fold interannual variability in Libellula quadrimaculata). The metal content was determined in nine Odonata species. Export of metals by dragonflies decreases in the series K > Na > Mg > Ca > Fe > Zn > Cu > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cr > Cd. Therefore, odonates appear to be quantitatively and qualitatively important providers of aquatic resources to the forest-steppe landscape of Western Siberia. © 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T. G., Prudnikova S. V., Boyandin A. N.
Заглавие : Biodegradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate as a fertiliser carrier
Место публикации : J. Sci. Food Agric. - 2016. - С. 4183-4193. - ISSN 00225142 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1002/jsfa.7621
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biodegradable polymers--controlled delivery systems--fertilisers--polyhydroxyakanoates
Аннотация: BACKGROUND: Increasing use of mineral fertilisers can lead to accumulation of fertilisers in soil, water and foodstuffs. One of the approaches to preventing these problems is to develop controlled release forms of fertilisers. RESULTS: Experimental formulations of the nitrogen fertiliser urea loaded in a degradable matrix of the natural polymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) in the form of films, pellets and coated granules were constructed and investigated. Nitrogen release into soil occurred as the polymer was degraded, and it was dependent on the geometry of the carrier and the amount of nitrogen loaded in it, showing that nitrogen release can last for 30 days or longer and that release rates can be controlled by varying the fabrication technique employed. P3HB/urea formulations have a favourable effect on the soil microbial community. The use of embedded urea has a beneficial influence on the growth of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and lettuce (Latuca sativa) and reduces removal of nitrogen with drain water. CONCLUSION: The slow-release nitrogen formulations developed in this study can be buried in soil together with seeds preventing nitrogen deficiency. The use of such slow-release formulations can decrease the amounts of chemicals in the environment and prevent their adverse effects on the biosphere. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Belolipetskii V. M., Belolipetskii P. V.
Заглавие : Change in the wind flow regime in stratified lakes
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research [14-01-00296]
Место публикации : J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2016. - Vol. 57, Is. 1. - С. 8-12. - ISSN 0021-8944, DOI 10.1134/S0021894416010028. - ISSN 1573-8620(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:4. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 14-01-00296).
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): stratified lakes--wind flows--criterion of change in flow regime
Аннотация: Wind flows in meromictic saline lakes in which the water column is not mixed to the bottom for at least one year are studied. This leads to the formation of upper and depth layers with small density gradients, between which there is a water layer with a large density gradient. It has been shown that, depending on the density stratification and the wind speed, wind flows (in the vertical plane) of two types are possible: with one or two circulation zones. For a two-layer lake model, a criterion for the change in the wind flow regime is proposed.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Puzyr A. P., Medvedeva S. E., Bondar V. S.
Заглавие : The use of glowing wood as a source of luminescent culture of fungus mycelium
Колич.характеристики :17 с
Коллективы : RF Government [11.G34.31.0058]; SB RAS [71]
Место публикации : Mycosphere: MYCOSPHERE PRESS, 2016. - Vol. 7, Is. 1. - С. 1-17. - ISSN 2077-7000, DOI 10.5943/mycosphere/7/1/1
Примечания : Cited References:22. - The authors are grateful to Prof. A. Frank, Director of North Borneo Biostation, for the opportunity to carry out studies of glowing wood; to Nadezhda N. Kudashova, a senior researcher at the Institute of Biology and Biophysics at the Tomsk University, for identifying the species of nonluminous fungi. This study was supported by grant no. 11.G34.31.0058 (RF Government) and Projects no. 71 (SB RAS).
Предметные рубрики: BIOLUMINESCENCE CHARACTERISTICS
NEONOTHOPANUS-NAMBI
LIGHT-EMISSION
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bioluminescence--culture of luminous mycelia--kinetics of luminescent--reaction--light emitting wood--luminous fungus
Аннотация: In studies of fungal bioluminescence, not only fruiting bodies and spores of the fungus, but also samples of luminescent wood, leaf litter or soil may need to be used to derive pure mycelial culture. This study describes an approach to isolating the culture of luminescent fungal mycelium from samples of light-emitting wood found on Borneo Island in November-December 2013. A GelDoc XR Imaging System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., U.S.) was used for the first time to monitor luminescence and select luminous samples. This study shows that for successful isolation of the culture of luminescent mycelium out of the luminescent wood found in the forest, it is imperative to keep the samples moist (mycelium alive until there is water), while immediate and aseptic delivery of the samples to the laboratory is not a crucial condition (inner layers of wood is "sterile"). Investigation of the growth features of the isolated mycelium in various growing conditions revealed some peculiar properties of its luminescence in comparison with the known luminescent cultures of basidiomycetes. When grown on solid nutrient media, mycelium exhibits low growth rates, long-lasting luminescence (140 days or longer), and emergence and disappearance of local zones with high levels of light emission. Mycelium produced in submerged culture does not emit light, and this effect must be caused by the absence or a very low level of the luminescent reaction substrate in the biomass. The luminescence system isolated from mycelial biomass did not induce luminescent reaction in vitro upon the addition of NADPH (recording intensity is 60 100 URL/sec). We found that enzymes of the luminescence systems isolated from mycelium pellets retained their activity and catalyzed luminescent reaction when a hot extract of the luminous fungus Armillaria sp. (IBSO 2360) was added (near 1900 URL/sec). The same effect was obtained after addition of hot extracts from the fruiting bodies of nonluminous higher fungi Pholiota squarrosa, Cortinarius sp., Hypholoma capnoides and Chroogomphus rutilus (near 3500 URL/sec). The pure culture of luminescent mycelium has been registered in the Culture Collection of IBP SB RAS as IBSO 2371; now it can be used for various in vivo and in vitro studies, including identification of the fungus.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Evsyunina E. V., Taran D. O., Stom D. I., Saksonov M. N., Balayan A. E., Kirillova M. A., Esimbekova E. N., Kratasyuk V. A.
Заглавие : Comparative assessment of toxic effects of surfactants using biotesting methods
Место публикации : Inland Water Biol. - 2016. - Vol. 9, Is. 2. - С. 196-199. - ISSN 19950829 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1995082916020061
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): algae--bioluminescent bacteria--biotesting--daphnia--fluorescence of chlorophyll--infusorian--surfactants--survival--toxic effect--algae--ciliophora--crustacea--daphnia--daphnia magna--paramecium caudatum--photobacterium phosphoreum--protozoa--scenedesmus quadricauda
Аннотация: This study assesses the comparative sensitivity and possibility of obtaining fast results of various methods of biotesting for several surfactants: Tween 85, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Fairy dishwashing gel, and Mif washing powder. The following test organisms are used for the study: luminescent bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum (Beijerinck), preparation of Ecolum luminescent bacteria, unicellular algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (G.M. Smith), infusorian Paramecium caudatum (Ehrenberg), and crustacean Daphnia magna (Straus). It has been revealed that Fairy dishwashing gel possesses the strongest toxicity against the studied test objects. Daphnia and algae are most sensitive to the effects of Fairy and SDS, protozoan and luminescent bacteria are most sensitive to SDS, and Ecolum is most sensitive to Mif washing powder. The tested aquatic organisms and Ecolum are most tolerant to the effect of Tween 85. © 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sachkova A. S., Kovel E. S., Churilov G. N., Guseynov O. A., Bondar A. A., Dubinina I. A., Kudryasheva N. S.
Заглавие : On mechanism of antioxidant effect of fullerenols
Место публикации : Biochem. Biophys. Rep.: Elsevier B.V., 2017. - Vol. 9. - С. 1-8. - ISSN 24055808 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.10.011
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): antioxidant activity--bacterial enzymes--fullerenol--hormesis--luminous marine bacteria--ultralow concentrations
Аннотация: Fullerenols are nanosized water-soluble polyhydroxylated derivatives of fullerenes, specific allotropic form of carbon, bioactive compounds and perspective pharmaceutical agents. Antioxidant activity of fullerenols was studied in model solutions of organic and inorganic toxicants of oxidative type – 1,4-benzoquinone and potassium ferricyanide. Two fullerenol preparations were tested: С60О2–4(ОН)20–24 and mixture of two types of fullerenols С60О2–4(ОН)20–24+С70О2–4(ОН)20–24. Bacteria-based and enzyme-based bioluminescent assays were used to evaluate a decrease in cellular and biochemical toxicities, respectively. Additionally, the enzyme-based assay was used for the direct monitoring of efficiency of the oxidative enzymatic processes. The bacteria-based and enzyme-based assays showed similar peculiarities of the detoxification processes: (1) ultralow concentrations of fullerenols were active (ca 10–17–10?4 and 10–17–10? 5 g/L, respectively), (2) no monotonic dependence of detoxification efficiency on fullerenol concentrations was observed, and (3) detoxification of organic oxidizer solutions was more effective than that of the inorganic oxidizer. The antioxidant effect of highly diluted fullerenol solutions on bacterial cells was attributed to hormesis phenomenon; the detoxification was concerned with stimulation of adaptive cellular response under low-dose exposures. Sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA was carried out; it did not reveal mutations in bacterial DNA. The suggestion was made that hydrophobic membrane-dependent processes are involved to the detoxifying mechanism. Catalytic activity of fullerenol (10? 8 g/L) in NADH-dependent enzymatic reactions was demonstrated and supposed to contribute to adaptive bacterial response. © 2016 The Authors
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik N. N., Rudchenko A. E., Gladyshev M. I.
Заглавие : Effect of season and trophic level on fatty acid composition and content of four commercial fish species from Krasnoyarsk Reservoir (Siberia, Russia)
Место публикации : Fish. Res.: Elsevier B.V., 2017. - Vol. 187. - С. 178-187. - ISSN 01657836 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.11.016
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fatty acids--piscivorous and omnivorous fish--season--stable isotopes--trophic level
Аннотация: Two groups of factors, phylogenetic and ecological, are presently regarded as controlling fatty acid composition of fish, including essential eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. Environmental effects, e.g., trophic position, temperature and/or seasonality, were previously studied using sums of fatty acids or only their level data. We tested the hypothesis that differences in trophic levels of piscivorous (pike and perch) and omnivorous (roach and bream) fish from a mesotrophic reservoir allow discriminating levels and contents of individual fatty acids, especially EPA and DHA. The more established measurements, i.e., stomach contents and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fish muscles, were also carried out to provide linkages between the different ecological tracers, fatty acids versus stable isotopes, and matching the methods for long-term food sources (fatty acids and stable isotopes) and recent foraging (stomach content analysis). We also studied a putative influence of seasonality. Similar to other studies, there were seasonal changes in fatty acid composition and contents of two fish, perch and roach, due to direct and indirect effects of water temperature. Meanwhile, the piscivorous and omnivorous species captured in the same month, were explicitly differentiated on a base of stable isotopes and fatty acids. Significantly higher percentages and contents of DHA in piscivorous fish, perch and pike, relatively to those in roach and bream, likely indicated a higher trophic transfer efficiency for this essential fatty acid. All the fishes have commercial importance for regional fishery and are harvested from the studied reservoir for human nutrition. Regarding content of EPA + DHA (mg g?1 fish) as the indicator of nutritive value for humans, pike had the highest nutritive value, roach and perch had intermediate overlapped values, and bream was of the least benefit. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Fu, Yuming, Li, HongYan, Yu, Juan, Liu, Hui, Cao, ZeYu, Manukovsky N. S., Liu, Hui
Заглавие : Interaction effects of light intensity and nitrogen concentration on growth, photosynthetic characteristics and quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. Var. youmaicai)
Колич.характеристики :7 с
Коллективы : Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2013AA103004]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31301706]
Место публикации : Sci. Hortic.: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2017. - Vol. 214. - С. 51-57. - ISSN 0304-4238, DOI 10.1016/j.scienta.2016.11.020. - ISSN 1879-1018(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:43. - This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2013AA103004) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31301706).
Предметные рубрики: WATER-USE EFFICIENCY
LIFE-SUPPORT-SYSTEM
GAS-EXCHANGE
BLUE-LIGHT
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): light intensity--nitrogen concentration--vitamin c--vegetable quality--facility agriculture
Аннотация: Light intensity and nitrogen concentration of nutrient solution are considered crucial for the contents of vitamin C and nitrate in cultivated leaf vegetables. We here investigated the effects of various combinations of light intensity (60,140 and 220 mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) and nitrogen concentration (7,15 and 23 mmol L-1) of the solution on the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, vitamin C and nitrate content of lettuce. Our results demonstrate that the lettuce had the largest dry biomass at the high illumination of 220 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) and low nitrogen of 7 mmol L-1. The higher light and low nitrogen also contributed to the accumulation of vitamin C and decrease of nitrate in lettuce leaves. The effect of nitrogen supply on chlorophyll concentrations was more efficient under low light than high illumination. Our results reveal that there was an obvious interaction between light intensity and nitrogen available for the photosynthesis, yield and quality of lettuce. This study provides valuable insights into the combinational regulation of light intensity and nitrogen supply for improving growth and nutritional quality of vegetables grown in greenhouse and plant factory. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания : 577.34/И 73
Автор(ы) : Болсуновский, Александр Яковлевич, Трофимова, Елена Александровна, Дементьев, Дмитрий Владимирович, Карпов, Антон Дмитриевич
Заглавие : Интенсивность накопления урана-238 представителями разных экологических уровней экосистемы р. Енисей
Коллективы : Институт биофизики Сибирского отделения Российской Академии наук (Красноярск)
Место публикации : Вестник Томского государственного университета. Биология. - Томск: Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университет, 2016. - № 2 (34) . - С. 161-171. - DOI 10.17223/19988591/34/11
ISSN: 1998-8591
УДК : 577.34 + 597.5
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): коэффициент накопления--трофический уровень--philolimnogammarus viridis--fointinalis antipyretica--thymallus arcticus--esox lucius)
Аннотация: В результате многолетних исследований (2010-2013) получены данные по накоплению урана-238 в гидробионтах разных трофических уровней экосистемы р. Енисей. Пробы водного мха (Fointinalis antipyretica), зообентоса (Philolimnogammarus viridis и Ph. Cyaneus), сибирского хариуса (Thymallus arcticus) и щуки (Esox lucius) отбирали в районе ранее зарегистрированного повышенного содержания урана в воде р. Енисей (вблизи радиоактивных сбросов Горно-химического комбината Росатома). Показано, что уран способен эффективно накапливаться из воды в биомассе всех исследованных гидробионтов. Максимальные коэффициенты накопления (КН) урана получены для водного мха, что многократно превышает КН урана для зообентоса и мышечной ткани рыб. Средние значения КН урана для зообентоса статистически значимо превышают КН в мышцах рыб за весь период наблюдения. Не выявлено статистически значимых отличий в накоплении урана рыбами разного трофического уровня (хариус и щука)The aim of the research was a comparative evaluation of the intensity of uranium-238 accumulation in the biomass of aquatic organisms, occupying different trophic levels in the ecosystem of the Yenisei river. Previously, uranium-238 at concentrations higher than the background ones was detected in water and sediment samples of the Yenisei River collected close to the discharge site of one of the Rosatom facilities (the Mining-and-Chemical Combine). However, radioecological studies of the Yenisei River ecosystem have not focused on uranium isotopes in aquatic organisms so far. The toxic effects of uranium on living organisms are known to be based on its both radioactive and chemical properties. We conducted a study on accumulation of uranium-238 in aquatic organisms at different trophic levels in the Yenisei River ecosystem between 2010 and 2013. We collected samples of aquatic moss (Fointinalis antipyretica), zoobenthos (Philolimnogammarus viridis and Ph. cyaneus), arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus), and pike (Esox lucius) from the Yenisei region at a distance of 85-90 km downstream of Krasnoyarsk (5-10 km downstream of the radioactive discharge of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine). Data on samples are shown in Table 1. We determined uranium concentration in the samples of aquatic organisms by neutron activation analysis, in water - by ICP-MS (Table 2). The study shows that uranium can be effectively concentrated from water and accumulate in the biomass of all aquatic organisms used in experiments. The highest uranium concentration factors (CFs) were obtained for aquatic moss, and they were several times higher than the uranium CFs for zoobenthos and fish muscles. Based on the uranium concentration from water, all aquatic organisms of the Yenisei River used in this study can be ranked as follows: aquatic moss gammarids grayling = pike. No statistically significant difference has been found between uranium accumulation by fish of different trophic levels (Arctic grayling and pike). The uranium CFs obtained in this study is comparable with the literature data on the CFs of artificial radionuclides for aquatic moss and fish of the Yenisei River
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Mogilnaya O. A., Ronzhin N. O., Bondar V. S.
Заглавие : Comparative evaluation of total peroxidase and catalase activities during light emission of luminous fungus Neonothopanus nambi
Место публикации : Mycosphere: Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2016. - Vol. 7, Is. 4. - С. 499-510. - ISSN 20777000 (ISSN) , DOI 10.5943/mycosphere/7/4/9
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): basidiomycetes--hydrogen peroxide--luminescence--stress
Аннотация: Submerged cultivation of luminous fungus Neonothopanus nambi under orbital stirring causes formation of pellets with smooth or rough surfaces. The experiments showed that luminescence of the pellets washed in water increased considerably. Previous studies suggested possible participation of peroxidases in the light emitting reaction. In this study, oxidative azo coupling reaction accompanied by formation of chromogen was used to evaluate peroxidase activity in vivo, in brightly luminescent pellets and in pellets with low luminescence intensity (dim ones). Staining of the brightly luminescent pellets took a few minutes, and their staining intensity was several times higher than that of the dim pellets. From the results of in vivo experiments it was concluded that the bright pellets differed from the dim ones in the production of hydrogen peroxide, or, possibly, other peroxides. Measurements of total peroxidase and catalase activities in pellet extracts also showed an increase in enzyme activities along with an increase in luminescence intensity of native pellets. However, results of the in vitro experiments do not definitively suggest a direct relationship between luminescence and activity of these enzymes. We assume that luminescence of this fungal species may be an additional way to neutralize peroxide compounds under stress. © Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (выпуск продолж. издания)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J. I., Degermendzhy A. G.
Заглавие : Evolution and present status of experimental manned ecological systems for long-term human life support - Bios, developed by the institute of biophysics of Russian academy of sciences in Krasnoyarsk (Siberia)
Место публикации : Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC: International Astronautical Federation, IAF, 2015. - Vol. 1: 66th International Astronautical Congress 2015: Space - The Gateway for Mankind's Future, IAC 2015 (12 October 2015 through 16 October 2015, ) Conference code: 122921. - С. 243-250
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): arid regions--biochemistry--biospherics--plant shutdowns--proteins--reconfigurable hardware--closed ecological systems--corrective actions--essential proteins--extreme conditions--human intelligence--long-term experiments--physiological effects--russian academy of sciences--ecology
Аннотация: Closed ecological systems are of two-fold interest - as models of the Earth's biosphere explorable in experiments and as a facility for long-term autonomous human life support beyond the Earth. Theoretical analysis and experimental implementation of highly closed manned systems has been the subject of studies at the Institute of Biophysics (Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch) for many years. BIOS systems of increasing complexity with complete regeneration of atmosphere, water and partially food have been realized. In BIOS-3 experiments the system inhabited by 2-3 researchers for 4-6 months maintained its metabolic equilibrium without any negative physiological effect on the crew, which proves its sustainable condition. Specific for BIOS-3 is internal control by the people inhabiting the system. So, BIOS-3 is the first experimental implementation of V.l. Vernadsky's idea about the noosphere - habitable Biosphere controlled by human intelligence. Contrary to predictions of many environmentalists the closedness of the ecosystem is a factor that does not reduce, but increases its sustainability and makes its use for reliable life support outside the Earth realistic. The system is sustainable owing to permanent feedback between the monitoring of few key parameters of the system and automatic corrective actions on them. Main object of control is photo-biosynthesis regenerating parameters of human habitat disturbed by his vital activities. This principle has been realized in BIOS system and proved its reliability in long-term experiments. A new challenge is specified-optimal increase of trophic closedness of the system by reproduction within it essential proteins (peptides and amino acids), lipids, vitamins and other essential compounds. Alternative lines of attack on this problem by state-of-the-art biotechnological methods, GMO including, are under analysis. Reduced BIOS version - without complete closure - can be a breakthrough instrument to improve the quality of life of people living under extreme conditions on the Earth - in polar latitudes (Arctic, Antarctic), in deserts, in high mountains.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sushchik, Nadezhda N., Yurchenko, Yuri A., Belevich, Olga E., Kalachova, Galina S., Kolmakova, Anzhelika A., Gladyshev, Michail I.
Заглавие : Waterbugs (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) as sources of essential n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Central Siberian ecoregions
Колич.характеристики :15 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-04-00860]; Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research [51.1.1, VI.51.1.9]; Russian Federation [NSh-9249.2016.5]
Место публикации : Freshw. Biol.: WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016. - Vol. 61, Is. 10. - С. 1787-1801. - ISSN 0046-5070, DOI 10.1111/fwb.12818. - ISSN 1365-2427(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:77. - The work was supported by award no. 13-04-00860 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and by the Russian Federal Tasks of Fundamental Research (projects no. 51.1.1 and VI.51.1.9). The research was partially supported by grant NSh-9249.2016.5 from the President of the Russian Federation.
Предметные рубрики: FRESH-WATER
TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
BUGS HETEROPTERA
AQUATIC INSECTS
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): essential fatty acids--heteroptera--subsidies--terrestrial consumers--waterbugs--water-land transfers
Аннотация: 1. Aquatic systems are considered to be a main source of essential long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are preferentially synthesized by microalgae and transferred along food chains to terrestrial consumers. Emerging aquatic insects comprise a significant part of this transfer of the essential PUFA from water to land. Quantitative data on PUFA content and composition are available mainly for rheophilic insects while taxa that are characteristic of wetlands and stagnant water bodies, such as aquatic Heteroptera, remain relatively unstudied. 2. We investigated the role of various waterbug taxa (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha and Gerromorpha) inhabiting different ecoregions in temperate Central Siberia (Russia) as potential sources of PUFA. The ecoregions were steppe, forest-steppe, hemiboreal forest and montane coniferous forest. Although these waterbugs insects are aquatic in both larval and adult stages, they can disperse through the landscape and transfer essential PUFAs from water to land so making them potentially available to terrestrial consumers. 3. Species of Naucoridae, Notonectidae and Corixidae were generally dominant in all ecoregions, attaining maximum biomass in the steppe. We showed that habitat or ecoregion played a major role in the variability of fatty acid composition of Notonectidae and Gerridae but not Corixidae. In contrast, the biochemical composition of the only naucoridae, Ilyocoris cimicoides, was largely affected by life stage. 4. Both the dominant families and species within them differed with respect to their mass-specific contents of essential long-chain PUFA of the n-3 family, namely eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Corixid species had the highest content of these two essential PUFAs among the waterbug studies, and relative to literature reports for other aquatic insects. Corixids thus appear to be a potentially important vector for transfer of the essential biochemical compounds from water to land, especially in steppe ecoregions with numerous ephemeral water bodies.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova, Tatiana, Zhila, Natalia, Vinogradova, Olga, Shumilova, Anna, Prudnikova, Svetlana, Shishatskaya, Ekaterina
Заглавие : Characterization of biodegradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate films and pellets loaded with the fungicide tebuconazole
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Коллективы : Russian Science Foundation [14-26-00039]
Место публикации : Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2016. - Vol. 23, Is. 6. - С. 5243-5254. - ISSN 0944-1344, DOI 10.1007/s11356-015-5739-1. - ISSN 1614-7499(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:33. - This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 14-26-00039).
Предметные рубрики: CONTROLLED-RELEASE
MICROBIAL-DEGRADATION
BRASSICA-NAPUS
OILSEED RAPE
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)--tebuconazole--slow-release formulations--controlled release--antifungal activity
Аннотация: Biodegradable polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) has been used as a matrix to construct slow-release formulations of the fungicide tebuconazole (TEB). P3HB/TEB systems constructed as films and pellets have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray structure analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. TEB release from the experimental formulations has been studied in aqueous and soil laboratory systems. In the soil with known composition of microbial community, polymer was degraded, and TEB release after 35 days reached 60 and 36 % from films and pellets, respectively. That was 1.23 and 1.8 times more than the amount released to the water after 60 days in a sterile aqueous system. Incubation of P3HB/TEB films and pellets in the soil stimulated development of P3HB-degrading microorganisms of the genera Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Variovorax, and Streptomyces. Experiments with phytopathogenic fungi F. moniliforme and F. solani showed that the experimental P3HB/TEB formulations had antifungal activity comparable with that of free TEB.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Prokhorenkov V. I., Vasil’eva E. Y., Puzyr’ A. P., Bondar’ V. S.
Заглавие : Effects of Nanodiamonds of Explosive Synthesis on the Skin of Experimental Animals Locally Exposed to Cobalt and Chrome Ions
Место публикации : Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. - 2014. - Vol. 158, Is. 2. - С. 264-267. - ISSN 00074888 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10517-014-2737-0
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): allergic contact dermatitis--chrome--cobalt--ions of bivalent metals--nanodiamonds--chromium--cobalt--nanodiamond--adsorption--animal--chemistry--dermatitis, allergic contact--drug effects--guinea pig--nonparametric test--skin--adsorption--animals--chromium--cobalt--dermatitis, allergic contact--guinea pigs--nanodiamonds--skin--statistics, nonparametric
Аннотация: Experiments in vivo demonstrated the protective effect of modified nanodiamonds on guinea pig skin after local exposure cobalt ions, but not chrome ions. The observed differences are determined by different adsorption of these ions by nanodiamonds: in vitro experiments showed that nanodiamonds adsorbed cobalt ions, but not chrome ions from water solutions. The perspectives of using modified nanodiamonds as a new adsorbent for prevention of allergic contact dermatitis induced by ions of bivalent metals are discussed. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Anishchenko O.V., Glushchenko L.A., Dubovskaya O.P., Zuev I.V., Ageev A.V., Ivanov E.A.
Заглавие : Morphometry and metal concentrations in water and bottom sediments of mountain lakes in Ergaki Natural Park, Western Sayan Mountains
Место публикации : Water Resour. - 2015. - Vol. 42, Is. 5. - С. 670-682. - ISSN 00978078 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0097807815050036
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bottom sediments--heavy metals--hydrochemistry--morphometry--mountain lakes
Аннотация: The concentrations of nutrients in water and the total concentrations of metals were determined in water and bottom sediments of four lakes in Ergaki Ridge, which differ in their geographic, morphometric, and hydrophysical characteristics. By the concentration of all examined metals in water and bottom sediments, the lakes can be divided into two groups. The first group includes lakes Oiskoe and Svetloe, which feature large size and depth, while the second group includes small and shallow lakes Raduzhnoe and Karovoe. The concentrations of metals are compared with data obtained for different lakes of other mountain regions and with standards established for their concentrations in water and sediments. The concentrations of Zn and Cu in the sediments of Lake Svetloe were found to exceed the threshold, introduced by international standards, below which no impact on biota is recorded. © 2015, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Medvedeva S. E., Artemenko K. S., Krivosheenko A. A., Rusinova A. G., Rodicheva E. K., Puzyr A. P., Bondar V. S.
Заглавие : Growth and light emission of luminous basidiomycetes cultivated on solid media and in submerged culture
Колич.характеристики :13 с
Коллективы : RF Government [11.G34.31.058]; SB RAS [71, 38]
Место публикации : Mycosphere: MYCOSPHERE PRESS, 2014. - Vol. 5, Is. 4. - С. 565-577. - ISSN 2077-7000, DOI 10.5943/mycosphere/5/4/9
Примечания : Cited References:23. - This study was supported by grant No. 11.G34.31.058 (RF Government) and Projects No. 71 and No. 38 (SB RAS).
Предметные рубрики: MYCELIAL GROWTH
PANELLUS-STYPTICUS
BIOLUMINESCENCE
LUMINESCENCE
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): luminescence--luminous higher fungi--mycelium
Аннотация: There are higher fungi that emit visible light; however, little is known about their requirements for good growth and bright luminescence. Knowledge of these requirements is extremely important for maintaining fungal cultures in laboratory conditions and preparation of luminous mycelia for research purposes. Luminous higher fungi Panellus stipticus, Armillaria sp. and Neonothopanus nambi isolated from different climatic areas and maintained in CCIBSO 836 (Collection of IBP SB RAS, Russia) were used for experiments. Techniques for static and submerged cultivation of mycelia of higher fungi have been developed and optimized for the production of samples of aerial and globular mycelia with prolonged and stable luminescence. We investigated the growth characteristics and luminescence of mycelia cultivated in/on different nutrient media, and the effects of deionized water and mechanical damage on the light emission of mycelia. An increase in luminescence intensity of fungal mycelia can be obtained during cultivation of fungi on a nutrient medium with a certain composition. A significant increase in light emission from N. nambi mycelium can also be obtained after its incubation in water and mechanical damage. The light emission from N. nambi mycelium was greatly enhanced after these treatments, in contrast to the mycelia of Armillaria sp. or P. stipticus. Cultivation conditions that enable growing mycelia with high levels of luminescence will expedite further studies to gain a better understanding of fungal bioluminescence.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gubelit Y. I., Makhutova O. N., Sushchik N. N., Kolmakova A. A., Kalachova G. S., Gladyshev M. I.
Заглавие : Fatty acid and elemental composition of littoral “green tide” algae from the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea
Место публикации : J. Appl. Phycol. - 2014. - Vol. 27, Is. 1. - С. 375-386. - ISSN 09218971 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10811-014-0349-8
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): cladophora glomerata--coastal eutrophication--essential pufa--green tides--ulva intestinalis
Аннотация: Coastal eutrophication leads to a shift in primary producer communities from perennial species to ephemeral fast-growing species of macroalgae, which is known as “green tides” phenomenon. In brackish water habitats of the Baltic Sea, the opportunistic green algae, Cladophora glomerata and Ulva intestinalis, replaced the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus, while in freshwater estuarine parts they replaced epilithic microalgae. We studied Baltic populations of the macroalgae, C. glomerata and U. intestinalis, and epilithic and epiphytic microalgae, with respect to their nutritive quality, such as content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and elemental composition. Fatty acid profiles of the two macroalgae were significantly different, including levels of essential PUFAs. We found a relatively high content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n−3) in C. glomerata biomass (4.14 mg g−1 C), whereas U. intestinalis had a lower value (0.45 mg g−1 C). Comparison with literature data showed that C. glomerata appeared to be a more valuable food for potential invertebrate consumers in respect to EPA content and stoichiometric C/P ratio than perennial F. vesiculosus and U. intestinalis. Thus, replacement of F. vesiculosus and epilithic microalgae by C. glomerata would not decrease the potential nutritive value of coastal algal communities for invertebrates. In turn, if U. intestinalis dominate in algal community, the nutritive value of primary producers in coastal zone would decrease. However, in following works, other important indicators of nutritive value, such as sterols and amino acids, should be included in the estimations of green tide algae species. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Vanyukov, Viatcheslav V., Mikheev, Gennady M., Mogileva, Tatyana N., Puzyr, Alexey P., Bondar, Vladimir S., Svirko, Yuri P.
Заглавие : Near-IR nonlinear optical filter for optical communication window
Колич.характеристики :4 с
Коллективы : Academy of Finland [278252, 288547], Emil Aaltosen Saatio foundation, Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-02-96016 r_ural_a], Erasmus staff exchange support [Dno 275/04.04.02.01], FP7 Marie Curie project FANCEE
Место публикации : Appl. Optics: OPTICAL SOC AMER, 2015. - Vol. 54, Is. 11. - С. 3290-3293. - ISSN 1559-128X, DOI 10.1364/AO.54.003290. - ISSN 2155-3165(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:21. - This work was supported by the Academy of Finland (grants no. 278252 and no. 288547), the Emil Aaltosen Saatio foundation, Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 13-02-96016 r_ural_a), the Erasmus staff exchange support (Dno 275/04.04.02.01), and FP7 Marie Curie project FANCEE.
Предметные рубрики: DETONATION NANODIAMOND CLUSTERS
LIGHT-SCATTERING
SUSPENSIONS
Аннотация: We report on a high performance nonlinear optical filter for the telecommunication window that employs detonation nanodiamonds (NDs). The nanosecond Z-scan experiments revealed that the heavy water ND suspensions enable strong optical limiting in the wavelength range of 1400-1675 nm. We observed an enhancement of the optical limiting performance in the blue part of the communication window. In particular, at the wavelength of 1400 nm the transmittance of the 2 mm thick sample with 4.5 wt. % ND concentration is suppressed by 45% for the input fluence of 3.8 J/cm(2). The proposed nonlinear optical filter employs the phenomena of the nonlinear absorption and the nonlinear light scattering in ND suspensions. (C) 2015 Optical Society of America
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