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Каталог книг и продолжающихся изданий библиотеки Института биофизики СО РАН

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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kirensky L.V., Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Y.N.
Заглавие : Theoretical and experimental decisions in the creation of an artificial ecosystem for human life support in space.
Место публикации : Life sciences and space research. - 1971. - Vol. 9. - С. 75-80. - ISSN 00759422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--bacterium--biotechnology--chlorella--energy metabolism--human--instrumentation--man machine interaction--metabolism--microclimate--space flight--weightlessness--bacteria--biotechnology--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--energy metabolism--environment, controlled--humans--life support systems--man-machine systems--space flight--weightlessness
Аннотация: All of man's former space flights were not real ventures into space in the biological sense, as his life was supported with unregenerated earth supplies. The coming stage of space exploration requires man's long existence in the cosmos and on the other planets. This stage of man's activity outside the earth become possible only by creating small man-made ecosystems, permitting the support of his metabolism by the recycling of substances of the terrestrial biosphere. Creation of such systems is a new scientific and technical task. Man-made ecosystems are a new product of man's activity, which have no complete analogy, either in nature, or in technology. Stochastic mechanisms, which stabilize biogeocenosis, cannot be effective in small ecosystems. A technique of parametric control over biosynthesis made it possible to calculate, and put to practice, an ecosystem for man with a cyclic regeneration of the atmosphere, water and, partially, food. The specific bio-technological properties of small man-made ecosystems are being analysed. The possibility of their application for man's excursions into space and for the settlement of other planets is being considered.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Barashkov V.A., Gitelzon I.I., Nefedov V.P., Trubachev I.N.
Заглавие : The dynamics of the amino acid composition of the medium in cultivating the isolated organs by controlled perfusion (Russian)
Место публикации : Byulleten Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny. - 1975. - Vol. 80, Is. 7. - С. 36-38. - ISSN 03659615 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acid--amino acid--dog--in vitro study--kidney--liver--sternum--theoretical study--animal--article--culture medium--metabolism--organ culture--organ preservation--perfusion--tissue preservation--kidney--liver--kidney perfusion--liver perfusion--tissue culture--amino acids--animal--culture media--dogs--english abstract--in vitro--organ culture--organ preservation--perfusion--tissue preservation--kidney--liver
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Sidko F.Ya., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Belyanin V.N., Trubachov I.N., Rerberg M.S.
Заглавие : Life support system with autonomous control employing plant photosynthesis
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1976. - Vol. 3, Is. 9-10. - С. 633-650. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biochemical engineering - photosynthesis--spacecraft--adaptation--article--chlorella--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--intestine--male--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--photosynthesis--physiology--plant--space flight--task performance--vegetable--water supply--wheat--adaptation, physiological--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--humans--intestines--life support systems--male--metabolism--photosynthesis--plants--space simulation--task performance and analysis--triticum--vegetables--water supply
Аннотация: This research was aimed at obtaining a closed control system. This was achieved by placing all the technological processes providing for human vital activities within the hermetically sealed space, and by transferring the entire control and guidance of these processes to people inhabiting the system. In contrast to existing biological life support systems, man has been included not only as a participant of metabolism, but as an operator who is the central figure in collecting information, making decisions and controlling all technological processes. To tackle this problem, the "BIOS-3" experimental complex was created for performing long-term experiments using different structures of biological life-support system. The experiment lasted six months and consisted of three stages. During the first stage the system was comprised of two equivalent phytotrons with the culture of wheat and an assortment of vegetable plants, and the living compartment. At the second stage, one of the phytotrons was removed while a compartment of chlorella cultivators was introduced. The third stage differed from the second, the former using wheat phytotron and the latter employing phytotron with an assortment of vegetable cultures. Three men inhabited the system simultaneously. The experiment demonstrated that a biological life support system controlled autonomously from the inside is feasible within a small confined space. However, immunological and microbiological research shows, that the medium created by the system is not fully adequate for man. In conclusion, some prospects have been outlined for further studies of biological life support systems. В© 1976.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelzon I.I., Nefedov V.P., Mezhevikin V.V.
Заглавие : Effect of hypoxemia on erythropoietic activity of perfused organs
Место публикации : Byulleten Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny. - 1977. - Vol. 84, Is. 7. - С. 23-24. - ISSN 03659615 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): animal--bone marrow--cell proliferation--erythropoiesis--histology--hypoxemia--injury--mammal--perfusion fluid--theoretical study--article--dog--kidney--liver--metabolism--perfusion--spleen--sternum--erythropoietin--animal--anoxemia--dogs--english abstract--erythropoietin--kidney--liver--perfusion--spleen--sternum
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Illarionov B.A., Protopopova M.V., Karginov V.A., Mertvetsov N.P., Gitelson J.I.
Заглавие : Nucleotide sequence of part of Photobacterium leiognathi lux region
Место публикации : Nucleic Acids Research. - 1988. - Vol. 16, Is. 20. - С. 9855. - ISSN 03051048 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1093/nar/16.20.9855
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacterial protein--luciferase--article--bacterial gene--genetics--molecular genetics--nucleotide sequence--photobacterium--bacterial proteins--base sequence--genes, bacterial--luciferase--molecular sequence data--photobacterium
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Levin L.A.
Заглавие : Bioluminescence in oceanology.
Место публикации : Journal of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. - 1989. - Vol. 4, Is. 1. - С. 555-562. - ISSN 08843996 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--biology--circadian rhythm--ecology--gas--instrumentation--luminescence--oceanography--circadian rhythm--ecology--gases--luminescence--marine biology--oceanography
Аннотация: For analytical purposes bioluminescence can be used in three main ways: 1. luminescence measurement of bioluminescent system components isolated in vitro; 2. determination of luminous organisms' reaction to the in vivo test-action; 3. measurement of bioluminescence in marine ecological systems. The majority of the reports of this Symposium are dealing with the first two topics. The aim of our presentation is to draw attention to the third one. The possibilities of bioluminescent analysis are wider than its traditional scheme of applications in the laboratory, when the emitting system is withdrawn from a native source and is placed in a cuvette of the light measuring device. The reverse scheme is also possible, i.e. the device can be introduced into light emitting system such as a marine biocenosis--the community of the sea inhabitants--where we obtain a highly sensitive and rapid means of gaining the information on the vital activity of marine ecosystems, i.e. their spatial structure, rhythms, man's influence upon them, etc. The present communication will consider the possibilities of this form of bioluminescent analysis.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovskii G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Sid'ko F.Ya., Trubachev I.N., Shilenko M.P., Alekseev S.S., Pan'kova I.M., Tirranen L.S.
Заглавие : Long-term experiments on man's stay in biological life-support system
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1989. - Vol. 9, Is. 8. - С. 65-71. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agricultural products--ecosystems--food products--personnel - health--space flight - manned flight--bios-3 complex--phytotrons--spacecraft--water--air conditioning--article--biomass--crop--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--light--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--photosynthesis--plant--waste management--wheat--air conditioning--biomass--crops, agricultural--ecological systems, closed--evaluation studies--humans--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plants--triticum--waste management--water
Аннотация: We describe the experimental system having maximal possible closure of material recycling in an ecosystem, including people and plants, which was carried out in a hermetically sealed experimental complex "BIOS-3", 315 m2 in volume. The system included 2 experimentators and 3 phytotrons with plants (total sowing area of 63 m2). Plants were grown with round-the-clock lamp irradiation with 130 Wm-2 PAR intensity. The plants production was food for people. Water exchange of ecosystem, as well as gas exchange, was fully closed excluding liquids and gas samples taken for chemical analysis outside the system. The total closure of material turnover constituted 91%. Health state of the crew was estimated before, during and after the experiment. A 5-months period did not affect their health. The experiments carried out prove that the closed ecosystem of "man-plants" is a prototype of a life-support system for long-term space expeditions. В© 1989.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : terskov I.A., Sid'ko A.F., Sid'ko F.Y., Vasil'ev V.A.
Заглавие : Estimate of the content of chlorophyll a of phytoplankton in the surface layer of meso- and eutrophic waters by the optical remote-sensing method
Место публикации : Doklady Biophysics. - 1989. - Vol. 304-306. - С. 77-79. - ISSN 00124974 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chlorophyll--article--microorganism--nonhuman--phytoplankton
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Illarrionov B.A., Blinov V.M., Douchenko A.P., Protopopova M.V., Karginov V.A., Mertvetsov N.P., Gitelson J.I.
Заглавие : Isolation of bioluminescent functions from Photobacterium leiognathi: analysis of luxA, luxB, luxG and neighboring genes
Место публикации : Gene. - 1990. - Vol. 86, Is. 1. - С. 89-94. - ISSN 03781119 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bioluminescence--expression in e. coli--luciferase--molecular evolution--nucleotide sequence--protein alignment--recombinant dna--luciferase--amino acid sequence--article--bioluminescence--fungus--gene structure--genetic engineering--heredity--nonhuman--nucleotide sequence--priority journal--vibrionaceae--acyltransferases--amino acid sequence--bacterial proteins--base sequence--cloning, molecular--dna, bacterial--genes, structural, bacterial--luciferase--luminescence--molecular sequence data--operon--photobacterium--restriction mapping--escherichia coli--fungi--photobacterium leiognathi--vibrio harveyi--vibrionaceae
Аннотация: Genes encoding luminescence of Photobacterium leiognathi have been cloned in Escherichia coli. The luminescent clones were readily apparent. Among them, a clone containing a recombinant plasmid with a 13.5-kb insertion was identified. This DNA fragment contained all of the luminescence-encoding genes. The luciferase-encoding genes (lux) in this DNA fragment were localized. We have sequenced a part of the cloned lux region and identified the luxA, luxB and luxG genes encoding the ? and ? subunits of luciferase and a ? protein with an Mr of 26 180, respectively. The analysis of deduced amino acid sequences and comparison with known luciferase sequences from Vibrio harveyi, indicate the common origin of these proteins. В© 1990.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Raibekas A.A.
Заглавие : Green flavoprotein from P. leiognathi: purification, characterization and identification as the product of the lux G(N) gene
Место публикации : Journal of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. - 1991. - Vol. 6, Is. 3. - P169-176. - ISSN 08843996 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacterial protein--flavoprotein--amino acid sequence--article--bacterial gene--chemistry--genetics--isolation and purification--luminescence--molecular genetics--molecular weight--photobacterium--amino acid sequence--bacterial proteins--flavoproteins--genes, bacterial--luminescence--molecular sequence data--molecular weight--photobacterium--support, u.s. gov't, p.h.s.
Аннотация: A green flavoprotein (GFP) was isolated and purified to homogeneity from Photobacterium leiognathi, strain 208. GFP is a homodimer of molecular weight 54,000 and contains two molecules of an unusual flavin per molecule of protein. Various biochemical characteristics including isoelectric point, trypsin and chymotrypsin degradation, SDS and temperature influence on subunit dissociation and the dissociation of the flavin chromophore, were investigated. The sequence of 23 N-terminal amino acids was determined and found to be concurrent with the N-terminal amino acid sequence encoded by the lux G(N) gene of P. leiognathi. This fact suggests that GFP is a structural component of the Photobacterium luminescence system.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kratasyuk V.A., Makurina V.I., Kuznetsov A.M., Kudryasheva N.S., Plotnikova N.B., Medvedeva S.E., Gritsenko I.S., Chernykh V.P.
Заглавие : The effect of succinic acid sulfoderivatives on bacterial luminescence
Место публикации : Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya. - 1991. - Vol. 27, Is. 1. - С. 127-133. - ISSN 05551099 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): luciferase--n (arylsulfonamido)succinimide--unclassified drug--article--bacterium--bioluminescence--nonhuman--bacteria (microorganisms)
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Mogilnaya O.A., Kiselyova E.V., Medvedeva S.E., Puzir A.P., Guseynov O.A., Kulyba N.N., Kozlov A.V.
Заглавие : Immunoelectronmicroscopic study of the nucleoid structure of hydrogen bacteria.
Место публикации : Journal of Basic Microbiology. - 1992. - Vol. 32, Is. 6. - С. 381-387. - ISSN 0233111X (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacterial dna--alcaligenes--article--cell division--cell nucleus--escherichia coli--immunoelectron microscopy--ultrastructure--alcaligenes--cell division--cell nucleus--dna, bacterial--escherichia coli--microscopy, immunoelectron
Аннотация: Electron microscopical studies of the nucleoid structure of hydrogen bacteria using ultrahin sections and spread DNA from bacterial cell lysates revealed a different DNA packaging in the cell. A compact state of the major part of DNA at all growth stages and stability of nucleosome-like structures were shown. The use of antibodies to HU protein of E. coli labelled by protein A-colloidal gold demonstrated the immunological relationship between HU protein of E. coli and histone-like proteins of Alcaligenes eutrophus and their possible role in the nucleosome-like DNA packaging in procariotic genome.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I.
Заглавие : Biological life-support systems for Mars mission
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1992. - Vol. 12, Is. 5. - С. 167-192. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): air conditioning--alcaligenes--article--astronomy--biomass--chlorella--classification--comparative study--equipment design--human--instrumentation--microclimate--plant--solar energy--space flight--waste management--water management--air conditioning--alcaligenes--biomass--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--equipment design--humans--life support systems--mars--plants--solar energy--space flight--spacecraft--waste management--water purification
Аннотация: Mars mission like the Lunar base is the first venture to maintain human life beyond earth biosphere. So far, all manned space missions including the longest ones used stocked reserves and can not be considered egress from biosphere. В© 1991.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Stom D.I., Geel T.A., Balayan A.E., Shachova G.I., Kuznetsov A.M., Medvedeva S.E.
Заглавие : Bioluminescent method in studying the complex effect of sewage components
Место публикации : Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. - 1992. - Vol. 22, Is. 2. - С. 203-208. - ISSN 00904341 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): heavy metal--phenol derivative--quinone derivative--article--bacterium--bioluminescence--cell membrane--nonhuman--priority journal--sludge--ultrastructure--benzoquinones--catechin--hydroquinones--luminescent measurements--metals--phenol--phenols--photobacterium--sewage--vibrio--water pollutants, chemical--bacteria (microorganisms)
Аннотация: The inhibition of bacterial luminescence has been used in testing industrial enterprises sewage. The toxicity of the sewage is less than the total toxicity of separate components due to neutralization of quinone products of polyphenol oxidation in the reactions with the other phenol components of sewage. Toxicity increase is due to their influence on the cell membrane. Studies of cell ultrastructure confirm this fact. The studied mechanism of the complex effect allowed a more accurate forecast of the ecological situation during the discharge of phenol compounds and metals. It also showed the necessity of taking into account the complex effect of sewage components on contaminant discharge into water reservoirs.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Vysotski E.S., Trofimov K.P., Bondar' V.S., Gitelson J.I.
Заглавие : Luminescence of Ca(2+)-activated photoprotein obelin initiated by NaOCl and MnCl2.
Место публикации : Journal of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. - 1993. - Vol. 8, Is. 6. - С. 301-305. - ISSN 08843996 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): calcium--chloride--hypochlorite sodium--manganese chloride--manganese derivative--obelin--photoprotein--article--chemistry--drug effect--kinetics--luminescence--metabolism--calcium--chlorides--kinetics--luminescence--luminescent proteins--manganese compounds--sodium hypochlorite
Аннотация: The luminescence of obelin is initiated by NaOCl in a reaction mixture containing no calcium. The addition of Mn2+ enhances the light emission 300-fold. Sodium azide and histidine, as singlet oxygen quenchers, inhibit NaOCl-activated obelin luminescence in the presence or absence of Mn2+. This suggests that the addition of NaOCl to the mixture causes singlet oxygen formation (stimulated by Mn2+ ions), and singlet oxygen initiates the light-emitting reaction.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rodicheva E.K., Trubachev I.N., Medvedeva S.E., Egorova O.I. U - Shitova LYu
Заглавие : Growth and luminescence of luminous bacteria promoted by agents of microbial origin.
Место публикации : Journal of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. - 1993. - Vol. 8, Is. 6. - С. 293-299. - ISSN 08843996 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acid--carbohydrate--folic acid--luciferase--nitrogen--riboflavin--article--biosynthesis--culture medium--electron microscopy--growth, development and aging--kinetics--luminescence--metabolism--photobacterium--physiology--time--ultrastructure--vibrio--amino acids--carbohydrates--culture media--folic acid--kinetics--luciferase--luminescence--microscopy, electron--nitrogen--photobacterium--riboflavin--time factors--vibrio
Аннотация: The examination of four species of luminous bacteria Photobacterium leiognathi, Photobacterium phosphoreum, Vibrio fischeri and Vibrio harveyi has enabled us to reveal some nutrient medium components effecting growth, luminescence intensity and luciferase synthesis. These agents are nucleic components (nucleotides, nucleotides and amine bases), amino acids and vitamins, which are part of hydrolysates from the biomass of various lithotrophic microorganisms, hydrogen-oxidizing, iron-oxidizing and carboxydobacteria. The effect of promoting agents essentially alters the physiological state and ultrastructure of the cells of luminous bacteria and increases luciferase biosynthesis two- to three-fold compared to a control.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gorban A.N., Mirkes E.M., Popova T.G., Sadovsky M.G.
Заглавие : The comparative redundancy of genes of various organisms and viruses
Место публикации : Genetika. - 1993. - Vol. 29, Is. 9. - P1413-1419. - ISSN 00166758 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--dna content--evolution--genome--nonhuman--restriction mapping--virus--amino acid sequence--comparative study--gene frequency--human--molecular genetics--nucleotide sequence--restriction mapping--virus gene--amino acid sequence--base sequence--comparative study--english abstract--gene frequency--genes, viral--human--molecular sequence data--restriction mapping
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I. U - Okladnikov YuN
Заглавие : Man as a component of a closed ecological life support system
Место публикации : Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1994. - Vol. 1, Is. 2. - С. 73-81. - ISSN 10699422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--oxygen--article--blood analysis--blood cell count--breathing--construction work and architectural phenomena--crop--diet--growth, development and aging--human--metabolism--microclimate--physiology--russian federation--space flight--standard--waste management--water supply--blood cell count--blood chemical analysis--carbon dioxide--crops, agricultural--diet--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--facility design and construction--humans--life support systems--oxygen--respiration--russia--space flight--waste management--water supply
Аннотация: Material support of all manned space flights so far has been provided from a prestored stock of substances or replenished from the Earth's biosphere. Exploration of space will, however, become real only when man is able to break away from Earth completely, when he will be accompanied by a system providing everything necessary to sustain full-valued life for an unlimited time. The only known system to date meeting this requirement is the Earth's biosphere. To break away from his cradle, as K.E. Tsiolkovsky called Earth, it is necessary to devise a life support system functionally similar to the natural biosphere. This need not be similar in structure to the vast diversity of trophic relationships available on Earth, but requires the solution of a multitude of various problems of an ecological, physiological, engineering and social-psychological nature. Human life-support systems based on biological regeneration of environments in small volumes have been studied at the Institute of Biophysics (Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) over many years. This work has resulted in the design of Bios-3, a biologically-based self-sustained human life support system.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Pechurkin N.
Заглавие : Biospherics: a new science
Место публикации : Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1994. - Vol. 1, Is. 2. - С. 85-87. - ISSN 10699422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--astronomy--human--microclimate--russian federation--space flight--theoretical model--earth (planet)--ecological systems, closed--humans--life support systems--models, theoretical--russia--space flight
Аннотация: The experience of human existence in the last few decades shows clearly that developed civilizations come into greater and greater antagonism with nature. Modern technology cannot on its own coexist easily with the biosphere without destroying key biological components. The necessity of comprehending the laws of development of the biosphere as a single whole is becoming more and more obvious and urgent. Because it is so precious and fragile, the biosphere cannot be subjected to any direct study which may harm it. Therefore this science depends on the study of analogs and small models such as artificial ecological systems with differing degrees of complexity and closure. On such model ecosystems we can (and must) study both the particular laws of development of individual elements and components of the ecosystems, and the general principles of turnover of the entire biospheric system. As this new science is being formed, it is necessary to develop the scientific basis of harmonizing the relationship of humanity and nature, to open the path to the next phase, termed the noosphere by Vernadsky. The principal objects of study are closed ecological systems, from simple microsystems to more sophisticated human life-support systems under extreme conditions on the Earth and in space. Biospherics by its very nature knows no political boundaries, and is by necessity an international effort. As such, it is deserving of support both intellectually and economically from all peoples.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., V B., Grigoriev A.I., Lisovsky G.M., Manukovsky N.S., Sinyak Y.u.E., Ushakova S.A.
Заглавие : Biological-physical-chemical aspects of a human life support system for a lunar base
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1995. - Vol. 37, Is. C. - С. 385-394. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): animal--aquaculture--article--biomass--construction work and architectural phenomena--cyprinodontiformes--filtration--growth, development and aging--human--microbiology--microclimate--moon--nutritional value--photoperiodicity--plant--space flight--standard--tilapia--waste management--water management--wheat--animals--aquaculture--biomass--cyprinodontiformes--ecological systems, closed--facility design and construction--filtration--humans--life support systems--moon--nutritive value--photoperiod--plants, edible--space flight--tilapia--triticum--waste management--water microbiology--water purification
Аннотация: To create a life support system based on biological and physical-chemical processes is the optimum solution providing full-valued condidtions for existence and efficient work of people at a lunar base. Long-standing experinece in experimental research or closed ecosystems and their components allows us to suggest a realistic functional structure of the lunar base and to estimate qualitatively its parameters. The original restrictions are as follows: 1) the basic source of energy to support the biological processes has to be the solar radiation; 2) the initial amount of basic biological elelments forming the turnover of substances (C, O, H, P, K, N) has to be delivered from Earth; 3). Moon materials are not to be used in the biological turnover inside the base; 4) the base is to supply the crew fully with atmosphere and water, and with 90% (A scenario) or 40% (B scenario) of food. Experimental data about the plant productivity under the "Moon" rhythm of light and darkness allow us to suggest that the A scenario requires per one human: plant area - 40 m2 irradiated during the lunar day by 250-300 W/m2 PAR producing 1250 g of dry biomass a terrestrial day; a heterotrophic component of "biological incineration" of inedible plant biomass (800 g/day) including the aquaculture of fish to produce animal products and contaminating the environment less than birds and mammals, and the culture of edible mushrooms; a component of physical-chemical correction for the LSS envi ronment including the subsystems of: deep oxidation of organic impurities in the atmosphere and of water, organic wastes of human activity and that biological components (420 g/day) Co2 concentration in "Moon" nights, damping O2 in "Moon" days, etc. The stock of presotred or delivered from Earth substances (food additions, seeds, etc.) to be involved in biological turnover is to be about 50 kg/year per man. Increase of the mass of prestored substances per man up to 220 kg/year would reduce twice the plant area and consumed amount of radiant energy to exclude the components of "biological incineration" and physical-chemical destruction of organic wastes. В© 1995.
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