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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shevyrnogov A.P., Vysotskaya G.S.
Заглавие : Observed trends of chlorophyll concentration in the surface layer of the Northern and Central Atlantic (1979-1983)
Колич.характеристики :4 с
Место публикации : SYNERGISTIC USE OF MULTISENSOR DATA FOR LAND PROCESSES. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON PRESS LTD, 1998. - Vol. 22: A3 1 Symposium of COSPAR Scientific Commission A on Synergistic Use of Multisensor Data for Land Processes at 31st COSPAR Scientific Assembly (JUL 14-21, 1996, BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND), Is. 5. - P701-704. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(97)01136-8. - ISBN 0-08-043469-X
Примечания : Cited References: 7
Аннотация: To preserve and utilize the biosphere it is imperative that we understand the long-term dynamics of the primary production process on our planet. Variability of chlorophyll concentration in the ocean is one of the most important components of this process. However, size and access make its investigation labour-intensive. Dependence of primary production on high variability of hydrophysical phenomena in the ocean (fluctuations of currents, frontal zones, etc.) makes it difficult to locate points to measure chlorophyll concentration dynamics. To locate such quasistationary zones with respect to seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll concentration by satellite data the Institute of Biophysics (Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch) has developed a geoinformation system. II use made it possible to locate such zones over the entire ocean. The work shows zones on the Central and Northern Atlantic. They form the ground to analyse perennial dynamics of chlorophyll concentration. The quasistationary zones are proposed for systematic monitoring of phytopigment concentration by space-borne and marine craft. (C) 1998 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Makhutova O.N.
Заглавие : Production of EPA and DHA in aquatic ecosystems and their transfer to the land
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [11-04-00168, 12-05-00298]; project B-15 of Siberian Federal University
Место публикации : Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat.: ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2013. - Vol. 107. - С. 117-126. - 10. - ISSN 1098-8823, DOI 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.03.002
Примечания : Cited References: 129. - This work was supported by grants of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) No. 11-04-00168 and No. 12-05-00298, and also by the project B-15 of Siberian Federal University, carried out according to Federal Tasks of Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments to improve the manuscript.
Предметные рубрики: POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS
FRESH-WATER FISH
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID
YENISEI RIVER
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTION
ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL
CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS
MICROBIAL COMMUNITY
THYMALLUS-ARCTICUS
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): eicosapentaenoic acid--docosahexaenoic acid--aquatic ecosystems--trophic transfer efficiency
Аннотация: Most omnivorous animals, including humans, have to some degree relied on physiologically important polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from food. Only some taxa of microalgae, rather than higher plants can synthesize de novo high amounts of EPA and DHA. Once synthesized by microalgae, PUFA are transferred through trophic chain to organisms of higher levels. Thus, aquatic ecosystems play the unique role in the Biosphere as the principal source of EPA and DHA for most omnivorous animals, including inhabitants of terrestrial ecosystems. PUFA are transferred from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems through riparian predators, drift of carrion and seaweeds, emergence of amphibiotic insects, and water birds. The essential PUFA are transferred through trophic chains with about twice higher efficiency than bulk carbon. Thereby, PUFA are accumulated, rather than diluted in biomass of organisms of higher trophic levels, e.g., in fish. Mankind is faced with a severe deficiency of EPA and DHA in diet. Although additional sources of PUFA supply for humans, such as aquaculture, biotechnology of microorganisms and transgenic terrestrial oil-seed producing plants are developed, natural fish production of aquatic ecosystems will remain one of the main sources of EPA and DHA for humans. Aquatic ecosystems have to be protected from anthropogenic impacts, such as eutrophication, pollution and warming, which reduce PUFA production. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kirensky L.V., Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Y.N.
Заглавие : Theoretical and experimental decisions in the creation of an artificial ecosystem for human life support in space.
Место публикации : Life sciences and space research. - 1971. - Vol. 9. - С. 75-80. - ISSN 00759422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--bacterium--biotechnology--chlorella--energy metabolism--human--instrumentation--man machine interaction--metabolism--microclimate--space flight--weightlessness--bacteria--biotechnology--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--energy metabolism--environment, controlled--humans--life support systems--man-machine systems--space flight--weightlessness
Аннотация: All of man's former space flights were not real ventures into space in the biological sense, as his life was supported with unregenerated earth supplies. The coming stage of space exploration requires man's long existence in the cosmos and on the other planets. This stage of man's activity outside the earth become possible only by creating small man-made ecosystems, permitting the support of his metabolism by the recycling of substances of the terrestrial biosphere. Creation of such systems is a new scientific and technical task. Man-made ecosystems are a new product of man's activity, which have no complete analogy, either in nature, or in technology. Stochastic mechanisms, which stabilize biogeocenosis, cannot be effective in small ecosystems. A technique of parametric control over biosynthesis made it possible to calculate, and put to practice, an ecosystem for man with a cyclic regeneration of the atmosphere, water and, partially, food. The specific bio-technological properties of small man-made ecosystems are being analysed. The possibility of their application for man's excursions into space and for the settlement of other planets is being considered.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Semenov D.A., Khlebopros R.G.
Заглавие : The effect of biota on global climate
Колич.характеристики :4 с
Место публикации : Biofizika: MEZHDUNARODNAYA KNIGA, 2005. - Vol. 50, Is. 4. - P748-751. - ISSN 0006-3029
Примечания : Cited References: 6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biosphere--climate--modeling--co2 balance--energy balance
Аннотация: A model consisting of two blocks (equations) was proposed for the analytical, study of the biosphere-climate system over great periods of time. The first equation describes the balance of carbon dioxide in the Atmosphere and re presents the biological block of the model. The second equation is the equation of the energy balance or the physical block of the system. The model is based on the most general conceptions of living matter and the evolution process. A possible interpretation of some events and phenomena in the earth history in terms of the model is given.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Shevyrnogov A..., Vysotskaya G..., Shevyrnogov E...
Заглавие : A study of the stationary and the anomalous in the ocean surface chlorophyll distribution by satellite data
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : Int. J. Remote Sens.: TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2004. - Vol. 25: Oceans from Space Venice 2000 Symposium (OCT 09-13, 2000, Venice, ITALY), Is. 07.08.2013. - P1383-1387. - ISSN 0143-1161, DOI 10.1080/01431160310001592337
Примечания : Cited References: 8
Аннотация: Variability of chlorophyll concentration in the ocean is one of the most important components of the primary production process on the planet. To preserve the biosphere and to make appropriate use of it, it is imperative to have a deep insight into the long-term dynamics of the primary production on the planet. To investigate the dynamics of chlorophyll concentration based on satellite data, the Institute of Biophysics (Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch) has developed a geoinformation system. It was used to detect the areas in the global ocean that are quasistationary in relation to seasonal dynamics of chlorophyll concentration. Areas such as these, found in the Indian Ocean, are described in this work. These areas form the basis for the analysis of long-term dynamics of chlorophyll concentration. In these quasistationary zones systematic monitoring of phytopigment concentration is conducted by space-borne and marine craft. The work presents long-term satellite-based data on the space distribution of anomalous deviations of chlorophyll concentration in the ocean. An anomaly criterion is proposed and maps of Pacific Ocean areas with a high probability of anomalies are presented.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bartsev S.I., Mezhevikin V.V., Okhonin V.A.
Заглавие : Systematic approach to life support system analyses and integration
Колич.характеристики :10 с
Место публикации : SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - P1823-1832. - ISBN 0273-1177, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00081-4
Примечания : Cited References: 25
Предметные рубрики: RELIABILITY
SPACE
Аннотация: This paper is devoted to the consideration of possible viewpoint on CELSS development and design. If the aim to create practically applicable CELSS is accepted then the task to optimize the process of CELSS research and development in terms of minimum cost, hours, maximum applicability, scientific contribution, etc. becomes actual. Requirements of applicability and scientific significance are synergetic since understanding of general properties of CELSS gives an ability to create CELSS for different applications. To accomplish the task three main groups of parameters have to be optimized: i) configuration and operating parameters of developing CELSS itself, ii) organizational management of research and development of CELSS; iii) features of an area where CELSS is planned to be used (space missions, terrestrial applications, or biosphere investigation) and where requirements to CELSS characteristic come from. Given paper is a brief review presented some attempts to arrange mentioned above into some set of formalized and interacting criteria, and some progression of research stages derived from these criteria. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of COSPAR.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T., Gitelson J., Terskov I., Sidko F.
Заглавие : Hydrogen bacteria as a potential regenerative LSS component and producer of ecologically clean degradable plastic.
Место публикации : Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1999. - Vol. 6, Is. 3. - С. 209-213. - ISSN 10699422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--hydroxybutyric acid--polymer--air conditioning--article--biomass--catering service--chemistry--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--urine--waste management--water management--wautersia eutropha--air conditioning--biomass--carbon dioxide--cupriavidus necator--ecological systems, closed--food supply--hydroxybutyrates--life support systems--polymers--urine--waste management--water purification
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Semenov D.A., Khlebopros R.G.
Заглавие : Biophysical aspects of the biosphere impact on global climate.
Место публикации : Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics. - 2002. - Vol. 387. - С. 338-339. - ISSN 16076729 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon monoxide--article--atmosphere--biophysics--chemistry--climate--greenhouse effect--kinetics--temperature--theoretical model--atmosphere--biophysics--carbon monoxide--climate--greenhouse effect--kinetics--models, theoretical--temperature
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Semenov D.A., Khlebopros R.G.
Заглавие : Influence of biota on global climate
Место публикации : Biophysics. - 2005. - Vol. 50, Is. 4. - С. 659-662. - ISSN 00063509 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biosphere--climate--co2 balance--energy balance--modeling
Аннотация: A model consisting of two blocks (equations) is proposed for the analytical study of the biosphere-climate system over great periods of time. The first equation describes the balance of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and represents the biological block of the model. The second equation is the equation of energy balance or the physical block of the system. The model is based on the most general concepts of living matter and the evolution process. A possible interpretation of some events and phenomena in the Earth history is given in terms of the model. Copyright В© 2005 by MAIK "Nauka/ Interperiodica".
Scopus
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ivanova Yu.D., Bartsev S.I., Pochekutov A.A., Kartushinsky A.V.
Заглавие : The analysis of seasonal activity of photosynthesis and efficiency of various vegetative communities on a basis NDVI for modeling of biosphere processes
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2007. - Vol. 39, Is. 1. - С. 95-99. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2006.02.028
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ndvi--plant communities--synoptic parameters--biomass--climatology--parameter estimation--photosynthesis--plants (botany)--statistical methods--time series analysis--ndvi--plant communities--seasonal activity--synoptic parameters--vegetation
Аннотация: NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) is proposed as an area-dependent climatic variable, which reflects climatically significant events and processes. NDVI is taken as a simple quantitative indicator of the amount of photosynthetically active biomass. Mean values of NDVI have been calculated for the period between 1996 and 2001. NDVI time series have been analyzed in conjunction with meaningful synoptic parameters that influence the behavior of plants in different plant communities of Eastern Siberia (tundra, taiga, and steppe). Based on GIS technologies, statistical tests have been carried out and correlations between the study parameters have been found. В© 2007.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bartsev S.I., Degermendzhi A.G., Okhonin V.A., Saltykov M.Y.
Заглавие : An Integrated Approach to the Assessment of an Ecological Impact of Industrial Products and Processes
Место публикации : 18TH BIENNIAL ISEM CONFERENCE ON ECOLOGICAL MODELLING FOR GLOBAL CHANGE AND COUPLED HUMAN AND NATURAL SYSTEM. Ser. Procedia Environmental Sciences: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2012. - Vol. 13: 18th Biennial ISEM Conference on Ecological Modelling for Global Change and Coupled Human and Natural Systems (SEP 20-23, 2011, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA). - С. 837-846. - 10. - ISBN 1878-0296, DOI 10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.077
Примечания : Cited References: 2
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ecology--sustable development
Аннотация: Since almost any waste recycling requires non-zero resources, almost any technology exerts non-zero impact on the biosphere. Therefore, there is an objective of finding technological configuration providing a minimal harmful effect on the biosphere. Correct assessment of the harmful effect requires as broad a framework of consideration as possible. A comparison of ecological impacts of gasoline and electric vehicles was conducted as an example of applying this approach. The contribution of technological processes involved into production, usage, and disposal of vehicles was taken into account. Comparison of the total environmental impact of the vehicles has led to a result that differs radically from widely distributed points of view about the environmental benefits of electric vehicles. It indicates that the use of the proposed approach can significantly change perceptions about the environmental and economic efficiency of various industrial products and processes. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of School of Environment, Beijing Normal University.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bartsev S.I., Degermendzhi A.G., Fedotov A.M., Medvedev S.B., Pestunov A.I., Pestunov I.A.
Заглавие : The biosphere trigger mechanism in the minimal model for the global carbon cycle of the Earth
Место публикации : Dokl. Earth Sci.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2012. - Vol. 443, Is. 2. - С. 489-492. - 4. - ISSN 1028-334X, DOI 10.1134/S1028334X12040010
Примечания : Cited References: 15. - This work was supported by the Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Integration Project no. 50.
Предметные рубрики: CLIMATE
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Prudnikova S., Streltsova N., Volova T.
Заглавие : The effect of the pesticide delivery method on the microbial community of field soil
Место публикации : Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2020. - Article in press. - ISSN 09441344 (ISSN), DOI 10.1007/s11356-020-11228-7
Аннотация: The study deals with the effects of herbicides (metribuzin, tribenuron-methyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl) and fungicides (tebuconazole, epoxiconazole, azoxystrobin) applied to soil as free pesticides or as slow release formulations embedded in a biodegradable composite matrix on the structure of the soil microbial community. The matrix consisted of a natural biopolymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB)] and a filler—one of the natural materials (peat, clay, and wood flour). The soil microbial community was characterized, including the major eco-trophic groups of bacteria, dominant taxa of bacteria and fungi, and primary P(3HB)-degrading microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Pseudarthrobacter, Streptomyces, Penicillium, and Talaromyces. The addition of free pesticides adversely affected the abundance of soil microorganisms; the decrease varied from 1.4 to 56.0 times for different types of pesticides. The slow release pesticide formulations, in contrast to the free pesticides, exerted a much weaker effect on soil microorganisms, no significant inhibition in the abundance of saprotrophic bacteria was observed, partly due to the positive effects of the composite matrix (polymer/natural material), which was a supplementary substrate for microorganisms. The slow release fungicide formulations, like the free fungicides, reduced the total abundance of fungi and inhibited the development of the phytopathogens Fusarium and Alternaria. Thus, slow release formulations of pesticides preserve the bioremediation potential of soil microorganisms, which are the main factor of removing xenobiotics from the biosphere. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitel'zon I. I.
Заглавие : Biophysics to Ecology
Колич.характеристики :12 с
Место публикации : Her. Russ. Acad. Sci.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2019. - Vol. 89, Is. 6. - С. 523-534. - ISSN 1019-3316, DOI 10.1134/S1019331619060066. - ISSN 1555-6492(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:25
Аннотация: This report presents some new methodological opportunities that biophysics can offer for solving the fundamental problem of planetary ecology-deciphering the mechanism that maintains the equilibrium state of the biosphere. The Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, where the author of this report works, is developing two complementary directions in ecological biophysics. The first is monitoring the vital activity of natural and constructed ecosystems by optical methods using the example of bioluminescence of the sea and closed ecosystems, and the second is studying the laws of parametric biosynthesis control and creating biotechnological control systems for these processes in order to construct noosphere-like ecosystems, in particular, for human life-support and survival systems in extreme conditions on the Earth and in space.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitel’zon I. I.
Заглавие : Biophysics to Ecology
Место публикации : Her. Russ. Acad. Sci.: Pleiades Publishing, 2019. - Vol. 89, Is. 6. - С. 523-534. - ISSN 10193316 (ISSN), DOI 10.1134/S1019331619060066
Аннотация: Abstract: This report presents some new methodological opportunities that biophysics can offer for solving the fundamental problem of planetary ecology—deciphering the mechanism that maintains the equilibrium state of the biosphere. The Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, where the author of this report works, is developing two complementary directions in ecological biophysics. The first is monitoring the vital activity of natural and constructed ecosystems by optical methods using the example of bioluminescence of the sea and closed ecosystems, and the second is studying the laws of parametric biosynthesis control and creating biotechnological control systems for these processes in order to construct noosphere-like ecosystems, in particular, for human life-support and survival systems in extreme conditions on the Earth and in space. © 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания : Е071/Б 63
Автор(ы) : Барцев, Сергей Иванович, Дегерменджи, Андрей Георгиевич
Заглавие : Малоразмерные модели биосферы и феноменология изменения глобального климата
Параллельн. заглавия :Small-scale biosphere models and phenomenology of global climate change
Коллективы : Российская академия наук, Институт биофизики
Место публикации : Биофизика для экологии и медицины: к 90-летию академика РАН И. И. Гительзона/ И. И. Гительзон, Т. Г. Волова, А. Г. Дегерменджи [и др.] ; ред., авт. предисл. Т. Г. Волова. - Новосибирск: Издательство Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, 2019. - С. 255-283. - ISBN 978-5-7692-1650-3 (Шифр Е071/Б 63-478048446)
Примечания : Библиогр.: с. 281-283
УДК : 577 + 574 + 61
ББК : Е071я43 + Р252.0я43
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания : Е071/Б 63
Автор(ы) : Шевырногов, Анатолий Петрович, Дементьев Д. В.
Заглавие : Биосфера - взгляд сверху (экспрессные методы мониторинга биосферы в ИБФ СО РАН – ХХ–ХХI вв.)
Параллельн. заглавия :biosphere - a view from space (express methods of the biosphere monitoring in the Institute of Biophysics SB RAS – XX–XXI century)
Коллективы : Российская академия наук, Институт биофизики
Место публикации : Биофизика для экологии и медицины: к 90-летию академика РАН И. И. Гительзона/ И. И. Гительзон, Т. Г. Волова, А. Г. Дегерменджи [и др.] ; ред., авт. предисл. Т. Г. Волова. - Новосибирск: Издательство Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, 2019. - С. 180-193. - ISBN 978-5-7692-1650-3 (Шифр Е071/Б 63-478048446)
Примечания : Библиогр.: с. 193
УДК : 577 + 574 + 61
ББК : Е071я43 + Р252.0я43
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Prudnikova, Svetlana, Streltsova, Nadezhda, Volova, Tatiana
Заглавие : The effect of the pesticide delivery method on the microbial community of field soil
Колич.характеристики :17 с
Коллективы : Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" [074-02-2018-328]
Место публикации : Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2020. - Article in press. - ISSN 0944-1344, DOI 10.1007/s11356-020-11228-7. - ISSN 1614-7499(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:119. - This study was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, project "Agropreparations of the new generation: a strategy of construction and realization" (Agreement No 074-02-2018-328).
Предметные рубрики: CONTROLLED-RELEASE
2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID
DEGRADATION
Аннотация: The study deals with the effects of herbicides (metribuzin, tribenuron-methyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl) and fungicides (tebuconazole, epoxiconazole, azoxystrobin) applied to soil as free pesticides or as slow release formulations embedded in a biodegradable composite matrix on the structure of the soil microbial community. The matrix consisted of a natural biopolymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate [P(3HB)] and a filler-one of the natural materials (peat, clay, and wood flour). The soil microbial community was characterized, including the major eco-trophic groups of bacteria, dominant taxa of bacteria and fungi, and primary P(3HB)-degrading microorganisms, such asPseudomonas,Bacillus,Pseudarthrobacter,Streptomyces,Penicillium, andTalaromyces. The addition of free pesticides adversely affected the abundance of soil microorganisms; the decrease varied from 1.4 to 56.0 times for different types of pesticides. The slow release pesticide formulations, in contrast to the free pesticides, exerted a much weaker effect on soil microorganisms, no significant inhibition in the abundance of saprotrophic bacteria was observed, partly due to the positive effects of the composite matrix (polymer/natural material), which was a supplementary substrate for microorganisms. The slow release fungicide formulations, like the free fungicides, reduced the total abundance of fungi and inhibited the development of the phytopathogensFusariumandAlternaria. Thus, slow release formulations of pesticides preserve the bioremediation potential of soil microorganisms, which are the main factor of removing xenobiotics from the biosphere.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T. G., Prudnikova S. V., Boyandin A. N.
Заглавие : Biodegradable poly-3-hydroxybutyrate as a fertiliser carrier
Место публикации : J. Sci. Food Agric. - 2016. - С. 4183-4193. - ISSN 00225142 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1002/jsfa.7621
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biodegradable polymers--controlled delivery systems--fertilisers--polyhydroxyakanoates
Аннотация: BACKGROUND: Increasing use of mineral fertilisers can lead to accumulation of fertilisers in soil, water and foodstuffs. One of the approaches to preventing these problems is to develop controlled release forms of fertilisers. RESULTS: Experimental formulations of the nitrogen fertiliser urea loaded in a degradable matrix of the natural polymer poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) in the form of films, pellets and coated granules were constructed and investigated. Nitrogen release into soil occurred as the polymer was degraded, and it was dependent on the geometry of the carrier and the amount of nitrogen loaded in it, showing that nitrogen release can last for 30 days or longer and that release rates can be controlled by varying the fabrication technique employed. P3HB/urea formulations have a favourable effect on the soil microbial community. The use of embedded urea has a beneficial influence on the growth of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and lettuce (Latuca sativa) and reduces removal of nitrogen with drain water. CONCLUSION: The slow-release nitrogen formulations developed in this study can be buried in soil together with seeds preventing nitrogen deficiency. The use of such slow-release formulations can decrease the amounts of chemicals in the environment and prevent their adverse effects on the biosphere. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Boyandin A. N., Zhila N. O., Kiselev E. G., Volova T. G.
Заглавие : Constructing Slow-Release Formulations of Metribuzin Based on Degradable Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)
Место публикации : J. Agric. Food Chem. - 2016. - Vol. 64, Is. 28. - С. 5625-5632. - ISSN 00218561 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05896
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): controlled release--degradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)--herbicide--metribuzin--release kinetics--polyethylene glycols--weed control--controlled release--environmental release--herbicide release--laboratory system--matrix formulation--metribuzin--poly-3-hydroxybutyrate--release kinetics--herbicides
Аннотация: Experimental formulations of herbicide metribuzin embedded in matrices of degradable natural polymer poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) and its composites with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly-?-caprolactone (PCL), and wood powder have been prepared in the form of pressed pellets containing 75% polymeric basis (pure P3HB or its composite with a second component at a ratio of 7:3) and 25% metribuzin. Incubation of formulations in soil laboratory systems led to the degradation of the matrix and herbicide release. The most active release of metribuzin (about 60% of the embedded herbicide over 35 days) was detected for the P3HB/PEG carrier compared to the P3HB, P3HB/wood, and P3HB/PCL forms (30-40%). Thus, the study shows that herbicide release can be controlled by the matrix formulation. Metribuzin formulations exerted a significant herbicidal effect on the plant Agrostis stolonifera, used as a weed plant model. Application of these long-term formulations will make it possible to reduce environmental release of chemicals, which will restrict the rate of their accumulation in trophic chains of ecosystems and abate their adverse effects on the biosphere. © 2016 American Chemical Society.
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