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Processing of household waste in the BTLSS using the wet combustion method / S. V. Trifonov, Y. A. Morozov, T. A. Kozlova // Life Sci. Space Res. - 2019. - Vol. 21. - P22-24, DOI 10.1016/j.lssr.2019.02.003 . - ISSN 2214-5524
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Cellulose -- Hydrogen peroxide -- Organic waste -- Physicochemical processing of organic waste -- Urea -- cellulose -- hydrogen peroxide -- urea -- alternating current -- Article -- chemical procedures -- desalination -- dissolution -- domestic waste -- electric field -- household -- microclimate -- oxidation -- physical chemistry -- priority journal -- urine -- waste management -- wet combustion method
Аннотация: The present study discusses physicochemical methods of organic waste processing in closed biotechnical life support systems (BTLSS). Sanitary and household cotton wastes were processed by the method of wet combustion in hydrogen peroxide using an alternating current electric field – a promising physicochemical method for organic waste processing in the BTLSS. The highest efficiency of the process (in terms of power consumption, duration of the process, and oxidation rate) was achieved in experiments with oxidation of a combination of cotton fabrics and urea-containing wastes such as human urine and feces. The reason for this must be that urea is a reactive aqueous solvent of cellulose. © 2019

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Trifonov, S. V.; Morozov, Y. A.; Kozlova, T. A.

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Radioactive particles in the Yenisei River floodplain (Russia): Characterization, leaching and potential effects in the environment / A. Bolsunovsky, M. Melgunov // J. Environ. Radioact. - 2019. - Vol. 208-209, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.105991 . - ISSN 0265-931X
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Fuel particles -- Incidents at plutonium reactors -- Leaching experiments -- Low doses -- Plant bioassays -- The Yenisei river floodplain -- Aquatic ecosystems -- Aquatic organisms -- Banks (bodies of water) -- Floods -- Fuel gages -- Fuels -- Gamma rays -- Leaching -- Plutonium -- Radiation effects -- Radioactivity -- Radioisotopes -- Flood plains -- Fuel particles -- Leaching experiments -- Low dose -- Plant bioassays -- Rivers -- Elodea canadensis
Аннотация: The operation of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC), the largest producer of weapons-grade plutonium in Russia, has resulted in radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain. Investigations carried out in Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk institutes have shown that the floodplain of the Yenisei downstream of the MCC is contaminated by radioactive particles (RP) of various types and activities. Analytical characterization of the RP showed that most of them were fuel particles, which were carried into the Yenisei after incidents at the MCC reactors. The plutonium and caesium isotope ratios (238Pu/239,240Pu; 137Cs/134Cs) vary substantially between the particles, indicating different source terms and time intervals when the RP were formed. In addition to fuel RP, there were particles that contained activation radionuclides. The experiment on dissolution of RP using the model solution (the simulated stomach fluid) showed different cumulative extractions of radionuclides from the particles: 60Co and 137Cs extractions were the lowest, the extracted fractions of europium and americium isotopes were the largest, and plutonium occupied an intermediate position. High concentrations of radionuclides in RP are sources of exposure of organisms in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to low radiation doses. The plant bioassays of the effects of ?-radiation from RP showed the effect of low doses of ?-radiation on growth parameters of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis growing in the Yenisei River floodplain. The presence of RP from different sources in the Yenisei River floodplain makes this region a unique site for studying environmental effects of the particles. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Bolsunovsky, A.; Melgunov, M.

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Feasibility of incorporating all products of human waste processing into material cycling in the BTLSS / Y. A. Morozov [et al.] // Life Sci. Space Res. - 2018. - Vol. 18. - P29-34, DOI 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.05.002 . - ISSN 2214-5524
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
BTLSS -- Closure -- Cycling -- Hydroponics -- Nutrient availability -- Sediment
Аннотация: The present study addresses the ways to increase the closure of biotechnical life support systems (BTLSS) for space applications. A promising method of organic waste processing based on “wet combustion” in hydrogen peroxide developed at the IBP SB RAS to produce fertilizers for higher plants is discussed. The method is relatively compact, energy efficient, productive, and eco-friendly. However, about 4–6 g/L of recalcitrant sediment containing such essential nutrients as Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn precipitates after the initial process. These elements are unavailable to plants grown hydroponically and, thus, drop out of the cycling as dead-end products. Possible methods of dissolving that sediment have been studied. Results of experiments show that the most promising method is additional oxidation of the sediment in HNO3 + H2O2. By using the new technological process, which only involves substances synthesized inside the BTLSS material flows, more than 90% of each nutrient can be converted into the form available to plants in irrigation solutions, thus returning them into the material cycling. The results obtained in this study show the efficacy of supplementing the irrigation solutions with the mineral nutrients after sediment dissolution. Lettuce plants grown as the test object on the newly prepared irrigation solutions produced the yield that was more than twice higher than the yield produced on the nutrient solutions prepared without the sediment conversion into a soluble form. Composition of the gases emitted during this process has been analyzed. Dynamics of oxidation of the small fractions of a wax-like sediment remaining after the initial sediment dissolution in HNO3 + H2O2 in the BTLSS soil-like substrate has been studied. The entire technological scheme aimed at the full inclusion of all human wastes into the BTLSS cycling has been suggested and discussed. A process scheme of including products of human waste processing in the biotic cycle of the BTLSS is discussed in the conclusion. © 2018 The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 31 “Krasnoyarskiy Rabochiy” Ave., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Morozov, Y. A.; Trifonov, S. V.; Ushakova, S. A.; Anishchenko, O. V.; Tikhomirov, A. A.

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Luminescence of cold extracts from mycelium of luminous basidiomycetes during long-term storage / A. P. Puzyr [et al.] // Curr. Res. Environ. Appl. Mycol. J. Fungal. - 2017. - Vol. 7, Is. 3. - P227-235, DOI 10.5943/cream/7/3/9 . - ISSN 2229-2225
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Armillaria borealis -- Kinetics of luminescence -- Lyophilic preparations -- Mycena citricolor -- Neonothopanus nambi
Аннотация: Cold extracts with high activities of enzymes of luminescent reaction were prepared from mycelia of luminous fungi Armillaria borealis IBSO 2328, Mycena citricolor IBSO 2331, and Neonothopanus nambi IBSO 2391. The authors describe techniques of preparing cold extracts with high levels of luminescence from mycelial biomass of different species of luminous basidiomycetes. The investigation of cold extracts showed that in experiments with freezing and thawing of the samples as well as in experiments with lyophilization followed by dissolution of the dry samples, the levels of enzyme activity were high, with in vitro luminescence exhibited after addition of NADPH and the hot extract containing the substrate. High activity levels of the enzymes of luminescent reaction were measured in lyophilized cold extracts stored over three years. In lyophilized preparations, the enzymes of luminescent reaction had high thermostability, even when dry preparations of cold extracts were exposed to a temperature of 100°C for 60 minutes. © Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS', Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Puzyr, A. P.; Medvedeva, S. E.; Artemenko, K. S.; Bondar, V. S.

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Feasibility of incorporating all products of human waste processing into material cycling in the btlss / Ye. A. Morozov [et al.] // Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC. - 2017. - Vol. 4: 68th International Astronautical Congress: Unlocking Imagination, Fostering Innovation and Strengthening Security, IAC 2017 (25 September 2017 through 29 September 2017, ) Conference code: 136635. - P2143-2149
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
BTLSS -- Closure -- Cycling -- Hydroponics -- Nutrient availability -- Sediment -- Dissolution -- Energy efficiency -- Irrigation -- Life support systems (spacecraft) -- Plant shutdowns -- Sediments -- Space applications -- Waste incineration -- BTLSS -- Closure -- Cycling -- Hydroponics -- Nutrient availability -- Nutrients
Аннотация: The present study addresses the ways to increase the closure of biotechnical life support systems (BTLSS) for space applications. A promising method of organic waste processing based on wet combustion in hydrogen peroxide developed at the IBP SB RAS to produce fertilizers for higher plants is discussed. The method is relatively compact, energy efficient, productive, and eco-friendly. However, about 4-6 g/L of recalcitrant sediment containing such essential nutrients as Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn precipitates after the initial process. These elements are unavailable to plants grown hydroponically, thus dropping out of the cycling as deadlock products. Possible methods of dissolving that sediment have been studied. Results of experiments show that the most promising method is additional oxidation of the sediment in HNO3 + H2O2. By using the new technological process, which only involves substances synthesized inside the BTLSS material flows, more than 90% of each nutrient can be converted into the available form in irrigation solutions, thus returning them into the material cycling. The efficiency of irrigation solutions beneficiated with the mineral nutrients after the sediment dissolution has been shown. Lettuce plants grown as the test object on the newly prepared irrigation solutions produced the yield that was higher more than twice compared to the nutrient solutions prepared without the sediment conversion into a soluble state. Composition of the gases emitted during this process has been analysed. Dynamics of oxidation of small fractions of a wax-like sediment remaining after its dissolution in the BTLSS soil-like substrate has been studied. In conclusion, the entire technological chain aimed at inclusion of deadlock products of human waste wet combustion into the BTLSS cycling has been suggested and discussed. © 2017 by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF). All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 31 "Krasnoyarskiy Rabochiy" Ave., Krasnoyarsk, 660037, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Morozov, Ye. A.; Trifonov, S. V.; Ushakova, S. A.; Anishchenko, O. V.; Tikhomirov, A. A.

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Active mixing of immobilised enzymatic system in microfluidic chip / K. A. Lukyanenko [et al.] // Micro Nano Lett. - 2017. - Vol. 12, Is. 6. - P377-381, DOI 10.1049/mnl.2016.0646. - Cited References:17. - The research was supported by the grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 15-19-10041). . - ISSN 1750-0443

РУБ Nanoscience & Nanotechnology + Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Рубрики:
POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE)
   SURFACE MODIFICATION
   POINT
   DEVICES
   PMMA
Аннотация: Parameters for sample introduction, dried reagents dissolution and mixing with sample for bienzyme system NAD(H):FMN-oxidoreductase and luciferase immobilised in microfluidic chip were successfully determined. Numerical simulations of reaction chamber geometry, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) escape from starch gel and mixing options were conducted to achieve higher sensitivity of bioluminescent reaction. Results of numerical simulations were verified experimentally. The active mixer for dried reagents was made from an electro-mechanical speaker's membrane which was connected to the input of the chip. Such a mixer provided better efficiency than a passive mixing, and it is simple enough for use in point-of-care devices with any systems based on immobilised enzymes in chips.

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Держатели документа:
Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
ITMO Univ, St Petersburg 197101, Russia.
Inst Biophys SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Inst Analyt Instrumentat, St Petersburg 198095, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Lukyanenko, Kirill A.; Belousov, Kirill I.; Denisov, Ivan A.; Yakimov, Anton S.; Esimbekova, Elena N.; Bukatin, Anton S.; Evstrapov, Anatoly A.; Belobrov, Peter I.; Russian Science Foundation [15-19-10041]

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Dissolution and mixing of flavin mononucleotide in microfluidic chips for bioassay / K. I. Belousov [et al.] // J. Phys. Conf. Ser. - 2016. - Vol. 741, Is. 1, DOI 10.1088/1742-6596/741/1/012058 . - ISSN 1742-6588
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Bioassay -- Biomolecules -- Dissolution -- Flow of fluids -- Fluidic devices -- Microfluidics -- Nanostructures -- Optoelectronic devices -- Oscillating flow -- Photonics -- Analysis of liquids -- Concentration distributions -- Constant flow rates -- Flavin mono nucleotides (FMN) -- Flavin mononucleotides -- Frequency of oscillation -- Uniform distribution -- Variable flow rate -- Mixing
Аннотация: Dissolution and mixing of flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which activates a luminescent reaction, were considered in various designs of microfluidic chip for pollution analysis of liquid samples. The aim was to determine the velocity mode of fluid flow ensured the uniform distribution of the FMN in the reaction chamber. Simulation of concentration distribution of FMN in various designs of microfluidic chips was conducted. It was shown that the passive mixing techniques based on the constant flow rate didn't provide mixing of FMN in acceptable time (3 seconds). The most efficient mixing was achieved using variable flow rate with a gradually increasing frequency of oscillation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Department of Material Science and Nanotechnology, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Department of Biophysics, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Nanobiotech Lab, St. Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Laboratory of Information and Measurement Biosensor and Chemosensor Microsystems, Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Belousov, K. I.; Denisov, I. A.; Lukyanenko, K. A.; Yakimov, A. S.; Bukatin, A. S.; Kukhtevich, I. V.; Sorokin, V. V.; Esimbekova, E. N.; Belobrov, P. I.; Evstrapov, A. A.

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Some generalizations based on stratification and vertical mixing in meromictic Lake Shira, Russia, in the period 2002-2009 / D. Y. Rogozin [et al.] // Aquatic Ecology. - 2010. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - P485-496, DOI 10.1007/s10452-010-9328-6 . - ISSN 1386-2588
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
1-D model -- Meromixis -- Mixolimnion -- Oxic-anoxic interface -- Thermocline -- Weather conditions -- brackish water -- meromictic lake -- numerical model -- one-dimensional modeling -- overturn -- physicochemical property -- salinity -- seasonality -- stratification -- temperate environment -- vertical mixing -- water temperature -- weather -- Khakassia -- Lake Shira -- Russian Federation
Аннотация: In a brackish, temperate, 24-m-deep Lake Shira, the profiles of salinity, temperature, oxygen and sulfide concentrations were measured on a seasonal basis from 2002 to 2009. The lake was shown to be meromictic with autumnal overturn restricted to mixolimnion. The depth of mixolimnion and position of oxic-anoxic interface varied annually. The spring mixing processes contribute to the formation of mixolimnion in autumn. The exceptionally windy spring of 2007 caused the deepening of mixolimnion in the winter of 2008. The winter position of oxic-anoxic interface was affected by the position of lower boundary of mixolimnion in all winters. The salinity in the winter mixolimnion increased compared with the autumn because of freezing out of salts from the upper water layers meters during ice formation and their dissolution in water below. The profiles of salinity and temperature were simulated by the mathematical 1-D model of temperature and salinity conditions taking into account ice formation. The simulated profiles generally coincided with the measured ones. The coincidence implies that simplified one-dimensional model can be applied to roughly describe salinity and density profiles and mixing behavior of Lake Shira. В© 2010 The Author(s).

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50-50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Svobodny 79, 660071 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Institute of Computational Modeling of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 50-50, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
The Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Center for Aquatic Ecology, Nieuwersluis, Netherlands : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Rogozin, D.Y.; Genova, S.N.; Gulati, R.D.; Degermendzhy, A.G.

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Mineralization of wastes of human vital activity and plants to be used in a life support system [Text] / Y. A. Kudenko, I. V. Gribovskaya, R. A. Pavlenko // Acta Astronaut. - 1997. - Vol. 41, Is. 3. - P. 193-196, DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(97)00215-4. - Cited References: 8 . - ISSN 0094-5765

РУБ Engineering, Aerospace

Аннотация: Available methods for mineralizing wastes of human activity and inedible biomass of plants used in this country and abroad are divided into two types: dry mineralization at high temperatures up to 1270 K with subsequent partial dissolution of the ash and the other-wet oxidation by acids. In this case mineralization is performed at a temperature of 470-460 K and a pressure of 220-270 atmospheres in pure oxygen with the output of mineral solution and dissoluble sediments in the form of scale. The drawback of the first method is the formation of dioxins, CO, SO2, NO2 and other toxic compounds. The latter method is too sophisticated and is presently confined to bench testing. The here proposed method to mineralize the wastes is in mid-position between the thermal and physical chemical methods. At a temperature of 89-90 degrees C the mixture was exposed to a controlled electromagnetic field at normal atmospheric pressure. The method merits simplicity, reliability, produces no dissoluble sediment or emissions noxious for human and plants. The basic difference from the above said methods is to employ as an oxidizer atomic oxygen, its active forms including OH-radicals with hydrogen peroxide as the sourer. Hydrogen peroxide can be produced with electric power from water inside the Life Support System (LSS). (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
ИБФ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Kudenko, Y.A.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Pavlenko, R.A.

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10.

Mineralization of wastes of human vital activity and plants in LSS [Text] / Y. A. Kudenko, I. V. Gribovskaya, R. A. Pavlenko ; ed. ya, IV Gribovs // SIXTH EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON SPACE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2. Ser. ESA SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS : EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY, 1997. - Vol. 400: 6th European Symposium on Space Environmental Control Systems (MAY 20-22, 1997, NOORDWIJK, NETHERLANDS). - P. 803-806. - Cited References: 0 . - ISBN 0379-6566. - ISBN 92-9092-283-4

РУБ Engineering, Aerospace

Аннотация: Available methods for mineralizing wastes of human activity and inedible biomass of plants used in this country and abroad are divided into two types: dry mineralization at high temperatures up to 1270 degrees K with subsequent partial dissolution of the ash and the other wet oxidation by acids. In this case mineralization is performed at the temperature of 470-460 degrees K and the pressure of 220-270 atmospheres in pure oxygen with the output of mineral solution and dissoluble sediments in the form of scale. The drawback of the former method is formation of dioxins, CO, SO2, NO2 and other toxic compounds. The latter method is too sophisticated and presently is confined to bench testing. The proposed method to mineralize the wastes is in mid-position between the thermal and physical chemical methods. At the temperature of 80-90 degrees C the mixture was exposed to controlled electromagnetic field at normal atmospheric pressure. The method merits simplicity, reliability, produces no dissoluble sediment, emissions noxious for humans and plants. The basic difference from the above said methods is to employ for oxidizer atomic oxygen, its active forms including OH-radicals with hydrogen peroxide as the source. Hydrogen peroxide can be produced with electric power from water inside LSS.

WOS : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Kudenko, Y.A.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Pavlenko, R.A.; Gribovs, ya, IV \ed.\

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