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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Dementyev, Dmitry, Bolsunovsky, Alexander
Заглавие : A long-term study of radionuclide concentrations in mushrooms in the 30-km zone around the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (Russia)
Колич.характеристики :10 с
Место публикации : Isot. Environ. Health Stud.: TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - ISSN 1025-6016, DOI 10.1080/10256016.2020.1718124. - ISSN 1477-2639(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:25
Предметные рубрики: CS-137
FOREST
RADIOCESIUM
FUNGI
ACCUMULATION
ACCIDENT
Аннотация: Cs-137 concentrations were measured in mushrooms in an area affected by radioactive discharges of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) (Rosatom, Russia) in 2002-2017. The sources of radionuclides in the study sites were global fallouts and waterborne and airborne radioactive discharges of the MCC. The mushroom species Suillus granulatus and S. luteus showed the highest Cs-137 concentrations (140-7100 Bq kg(-1)) for this area. Over the entire monitoring period, no significant change in Cs-137 concentration was observed in the Suillus spp. samples collected from the sites with the aerial deposition of radionuclides. In the floodplain site with the radionuclide deposition from water and air, a significant decrease in the average Cs-137 concentration was observed in the period between 2004 and 2017: a three-fold decrease in Suillus spp. and a nine-fold decrease in Lactarius deliciosus. The effective half-lives of Cs-137 in fruiting bodies of the mushrooms L. deliciosus and Suillus spp. in this site were 3.6 +/- 0.6 and 9.2 +/- 2.7 years, respectively.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky, A. Ya., Dementyev D. V., Vakhrushev V. I.
Заглавие : Transport of Artificial Radionuclides over Long Distances Downstream along the Yenisei River during the 1966 Extreme Flood Event
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic ResearchRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [18-44-240001]
Место публикации : Dokl. Earth Sci.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2021. - Vol. 498, Is. 2. - С. 514-518. - ISSN 1028-334X, DOI 10.1134/S1028334X21060052. - ISSN 1531-8354(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:12. - This study was supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-44-240001.
Предметные рубрики: SEDIMENTS
ELEMENTS
Аннотация: Long-term research has revealed layers with abnormally high concentrations of Cs-137 in bottom sediments and alluvial soils in the floodplain of the Yenisei River at various distances (as far as 820 km) downstream from the radioactive discharge point of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) of Rosatom. The highest activity concentration of Cs-137 in these layers reached 26 000 Bq/kg, which was higher than the Cs-137 maximum at the well-known radioactive anomaly in the Yeniseisk riparian zone (330 km downstream from the MCC), which was formed during the 1966 extreme flood event. The radionuclide composition and the Cs-137/Eu-152 and Cs-137/Co-60 ratios in the anomalous layers studied were the same as those at the Yeniseisk anomalous site, suggesting that they had the same origin by the transport of sediments from the MCC area during the 1966 extreme flood event. The transport of radioactive bottom sediments over long distances from the MCC discharge point downstream along the Yenisei River during the 1966 extreme flood event may continue to pose a possible radiation hazard to the river ecosystem and residents of riverside villages.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Dementyev D., Bolsunovsky A.
Заглавие : A long-term study of radionuclide concentrations in mushrooms in the 30-km zone around the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (Russia)
Место публикации : Isot. Environ. Health Stud.: Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2020. - Article in press. - ISSN 10256016 (ISSN), DOI 10.1080/10256016.2020.1718124
Аннотация: 137Cs concentrations were measured in mushrooms in an area affected by radioactive discharges of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) (Rosatom, Russia) in 2002–2017. The sources of radionuclides in the study sites were global fallouts and waterborne and airborne radioactive discharges of the MCC. The mushroom species Suillus granulatus and S. luteus showed the highest 137Cs concentrations (140–7100 Bq kg?1) for this area. Over the entire monitoring period, no significant change in 137Cs concentration was observed in the Suillus spp. samples collected from the sites with the aerial deposition of radionuclides. In the floodplain site with the radionuclide deposition from water and air, a significant decrease in the average 137Cs concentration was observed in the period between 2004 and 2017: a three-fold decrease in Suillus spp. and a nine-fold decrease in Lactarius deliciosus. The effective half-lives of 137Cs in fruiting bodies of the mushrooms L. deliciosus and Suillus spp. in this site were 3.6 ± 0.6 and 9.2 ± 2.7 years, respectively. © 2020, © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Melgunov M.
Заглавие : Radioactive particles in the Yenisei River floodplain (Russia): Characterization, leaching and potential effects in the environment
Место публикации : J. Environ. Radioact.: Elsevier Ltd, 2019. - Vol. 208-209. - ISSN 0265931X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2019.105991
Аннотация: The operation of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC), the largest producer of weapons-grade plutonium in Russia, has resulted in radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain. Investigations carried out in Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk institutes have shown that the floodplain of the Yenisei downstream of the MCC is contaminated by radioactive particles (RP) of various types and activities. Analytical characterization of the RP showed that most of them were fuel particles, which were carried into the Yenisei after incidents at the MCC reactors. The plutonium and caesium isotope ratios (238Pu/239,240Pu; 137Cs/134Cs) vary substantially between the particles, indicating different source terms and time intervals when the RP were formed. In addition to fuel RP, there were particles that contained activation radionuclides. The experiment on dissolution of RP using the model solution (the simulated stomach fluid) showed different cumulative extractions of radionuclides from the particles: 60Co and 137Cs extractions were the lowest, the extracted fractions of europium and americium isotopes were the largest, and plutonium occupied an intermediate position. High concentrations of radionuclides in RP are sources of exposure of organisms in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems to low radiation doses. The plant bioassays of the effects of ?-radiation from RP showed the effect of low doses of ?-radiation on growth parameters of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis growing in the Yenisei River floodplain. The presence of RP from different sources in the Yenisei River floodplain makes this region a unique site for studying environmental effects of the particles. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Yermokhin M. V., Sushchik N. N., Tabachishin V. G., Kalacheva G. S., Kolmakova A. A., Gladyshev M. I.
Заглавие : Amphibia as a Vector of Transfer of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Aquatic to Terrestrial Ecosystems
Колич.характеристики :3 с
Коллективы : Russian Foundation for Basic Research [16-04-01248]; Russian Academy of Sciences [II.2P/VI.51-1]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation [6.1504.2017/PCh]; program of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of leading scientific schools [NSh-9249.2016.5]
Место публикации : Dokl. Biochem. Biophys.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2018. - Vol. 481, Is. 1. - С. 195-197. - ISSN 1607-6729, DOI 10.1134/S160767291804004X. - ISSN 1608-3091(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:15. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 16-04-01248), project of the Russian Academy of Sciences no. II.2P/VI.51-1, the State Task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation to the Siberian Federal University for research (no. 6.1504.2017/PCh), and the program of the President of the Russian Federation for state support of leading scientific schools (project no. NSh-9249.2016.5).
Предметные рубрики: FATTY-ACIDS
WATER
INSECTS
EXPORT
LAND
EMERGENCE
BIOMASS
FLUXES
Аннотация: The flow of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of the omega-3 family, namely, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA), exported by amphibian metamorphs from water to terrestrial ecosystems in the Medveditsa River floodplain, was quantified for the first time. The total biomass export by three amphibian species (Pelobates fuscus, Bombina bombina, and Pelophylax ridibundus) per unit area of the lake surface was 0.594 g/m(2) per year (as a mean for 2 years). The biomass flow per unit area of land was 0.726 g/ha per year (0.302 g/ha per year for organic carbon) in 2015-2016. The average annual total removal of EPA + DHA by amphibians from the floodplain lake was 1.47 mg/m(2) of water surface area. Due to the high content of EPA and DHA in biomass, amphibians are potentially a valuable food for terrestrial predators having no access to other sources of essential PUFAs.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky, Alexander, Melgunov, Mikhail, Chuguevskii, Alexey, Lind, Ole Christian, Salbu, Brit
Заглавие : Unique diversity of radioactive particles found in the Yenisei River floodplain
Колич.характеристики :10 с
Коллективы : Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme [223268/F50]; IAEA [17941]
Место публикации : Sci Rep: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2017. - Vol. 7. - Ст.11132. - ISSN 2045-2322, DOI 10.1038/s41598-017-11557-7
Примечания : Cited References:22. - The authors are grateful to researchers of the Institute of Biophysics FRC KSC SB RAS (Krasnoyarsk, Russia) and the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS (Novosibirsk, Russia) for their assistance in isolation and analysis of radioactive particles. Part of the work is also supported by the Research Council of Norway through its Centres of Excellence funding scheme, project number 223268/F50. Investigations of the particles were partially supported by IAEA (Project 17941).
Предметные рубрики: CONTAINING CONTROL RODS
TRANSURANIC ELEMENTS
BOTTOM SEDIMENTS
HOT
Аннотация: The long-term operation of three reactors and the radiochemical plant of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC), Russia's largest producer of weapons-grade plutonium, has resulted in radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain. From 1995 to 2016, we found more than 200 radioactive particles (RP) in the Yenisei floodplain, downstream of the MCC. Analytical characterization showed that most of the RP were fuel particles, which were carried into the river after incidents at the MCC reactors. Having compared the Cs-137/Cs-134 ratios in the particles, we determined three time intervals when the RP were formed. The plutonium isotope ratios (Pu-238/Pu-239,Pu-240) vary substantially between the particles and indicate several different source terms. In addition to fuel RP, we found particles that only contained activation products (Co-60 or europium isotopes). SEM and gamma-spectrometry showed that the cobalt particles could have originated from the corrosion of the reactor coolant system and the europium particles -from the damaged compensating rods. No europium particles have been found anywhere else in the world. The presence of RP from different sources (fuel, cobalt, and europium particles) in the Yenisei River floodplain makes this region a unique site for studying environmental effects of the particles. These RP represent point sources of radioecological significance.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (однотомник)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A...
Заглавие : HOT PARTICLES IN THE FLOODPLAIN OF THE YENISEI RIVER
Место публикации : RADIOACTIVE PARTICLES IN THE ENVIRONMENT. Ser. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security: SPRINGER, 2009. - NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Hot Particles Released from Different Nuclear Sources (MAY 07-10, 2007, Yalta, UKRAINE). - С. 111-121. - 11. - ISBN 1871-4668, DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-2949-2_6. - ISBN 978-90-481-2947-8
Примечания : Cited References: 8
Предметные рубрики: RADIONUCLIDES
RUSSIA
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): hot particles--yenisei river--floodplain soils and sediments--plutonium complex--cesium and plutonium isotopes--(241)am--dating of particles
Аннотация: The purpose of this study was to investigate radionuclide composition of the hot particles found in the floodplain of the Yenisei River and to discuss their possible Sources. Since 1995, researchers of the Institute of Biophysics have found a considerable number of hot particles that contain up to 29,000 kBq/particle of (137)Cs in the Yenisei River floodplain. Investigations of the particles in Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, and Novosibirsk have confirmed their reactor origin and made it possible to roughly estimate their age. Based oil comparative analysis of (137)Cs/(134)Cs ratios, all the particles can be divided into two or three major groups, suggesting that over the 50-year period of the MCC operation, there have been two or three emergency situations at the MCC reactors, with nuclear fuel microparticles released into the Yenisei. Microparticles containing up to 36 Bq/particle of (241)Am were detected in soil and sediment samples collected at the Yenisei River. In some of these particles the (137)Cs/(241)Am ratio is high but in the others - low. It remains unknown how these particles have been formed. However, these microparticles Occur in floodplain soils and sediments very frequently and, thus, can be considered to be the main form in which radionuclides are present in the Yenisei River floodplain. The presence of a large number of hot particles of different origin in the floodplain of the Yenisei River from the MCC production area down to the town of Yeniseisk (and, probably, farther downstream) is a source of potential health hazard to people.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Bondareva L.
Заглавие : Actinides and other radionuclides in sediments and submerged plants of the Yenisei River
Место публикации : Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - 2007. - Vol. 444-445, Is. SPEC. ISS. - С. 495-499. - ISSN 09258388 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.jallcom.2007.01.146
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): accumulation--actinides in aquatic plants and sediments--radiochemical and ?-spectrometric investigations--sequential extraction technique--yenisei river--actinides--bioaccumulation--plants (botany)--radioisotopes--rivers--sampling--sediments--mining-and-chemical combine (mcc)--radiochemical and spectrometric investigations--sediment samples--sequential extraction techniques--contamination
Аннотация: The source of radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain, including contamination with actinides, is the Mining-and-Chemical combine (MCC), which has for many years been producing weapons-grade plutonium. Actinides have been detected not only in the soil and sediment of the river but also in the biomass of aquatic plants. The aim of our investigation was to assess the levels of actinides and other radionuclides in sediments and aquatic plants both near the MCC and at a considerable distance from it, down the Yenisei River. Investigations of the Yenisei River sediment samples revealed high activity concentrations of actinides (Pu isotopes and 241Am), which were 100 times higher than their global fallout levels. Sequential extraction of radionuclides from samples of sediments collected near the MCC showed that the amounts of extracted 241Am were the largest (up to 98% of initial activity). It was found that aquatic plants of the Yenisei River collected both near the MCC discharge site and at a distance up to 200 km downstream contained several actinide isotopes. The aquatic moss, Fontinalis antipyretica, was found to contain higher levels of radionuclides than Potamogeton lucens. Leaves of P. lucens contained higher levels of radionuclides, including 239Np, than stems. Sequential extraction of radionuclides from samples of aquatic plants showed that 239Np levels in exchangeable and adsorption fractions of P. lucens biomass were higher than in the respective fractions of F. antipyretica biomass. В© 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Ermakov A., Sobolev A.
Заглавие : New data on transuranium elements in the ecosystem of the Yenisei river floodplain
Место публикации : Radiochimica Acta. - 2007. - Vol. 95, Is. 9. - С. 547-552. - ISSN 00338230 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1524/ract.2007.95.9.547
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 243,244cm--blackcurrant--sediment and floodplain soil of the yenisei river--soil-plant transfer factor (tf)--transuranium elements
Аннотация: The aim of the study is to investigate levels of transuranium elements in the ecosystem of the Yenisei river floodplain in the vicinity of the Mining-and-Chemical Combine of Rosatom. For the first time, the transuranium isotopes 243,244Cm have been detected in sediment, floodplain soil, and a berry shrub (Ribes nigrum - the blackcurrant) in the flood-plain of the Yenisei river. The highest level of curium isotopes registered in the sediment of the Yenisei river is 21.4 Bq/kg (dry), which is more than twice higher than maximum curium levels reported for soils sampled not far from the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant. Blackcurrant plants growing on radioactively contaminated soils contain the same transuranium elements as the soil (plutonium isotopes, americium, and curium). The highest activity concentrations of all transuranic elements have been found in ashed roots of the blackcurrant plants: 239,240Pu - 9.3 Bq/kg, 241Am - 6.9 Bq/kg, and 243,244Cm - 1.8 Bq/kg. The highest soil-plant transfer factor (TF) for 243,244Cm is determined for roots - 0.073; the TF of 243,244Cm in berries is 0.027. The TF for 239,240Pu in berries is 0.006, which is several times lower than the TF for 243,244Cm. Analysis of our results and the literature data suggests that TFs for 243,244Cm are higher than those for 239,240Pu and 241Am. В© by Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A.Ya., Ermakov A.I., Sobolev A.I., Degermendzhi A.G.
Заглавие : First evidence for concentrations of transuranium curium in the Yenisei floodplain ecosystem
Место публикации : Doklady Earth Sciences. - 2006. - Vol. 409, Is. 5. - С. 810-813. - ISSN 1028334X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1028334X06050308
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): actinide--background level--floodplain--fluvial deposit--radionuclide migration--river pollution--soil pollution--eurasia--krasnoyarsk [russian federation]--russian federation--yenisei river--zheleznogorsk
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Zotina T., Bondareva L.
Заглавие : Accumulation and release of 241Am by a macrophyte of the Yenisei River (Elodea canadensis)
Место публикации : Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - 2005. - Vol. 81, Is. 1. - С. 33-46. - ISSN 0265931X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.10.012
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 241am--accumulation--laboratory experiments--release--submerged plant elodea canadensis--yenisei river--activation analysis--biomass--concentration (process)--effluents--plutonium--rivers--aquatic plants--elodea plant--macrophytes--radioactive contamination--transuranium elements--americium 241--river water--americium--americium nitrate--bioaccumulation--biological uptake--macrophyte--pollutant source--radioactive pollution--river water--submerged vegetation--article--biomass--concentration (parameters)--environmental factor--fractionation--laboratory--macrophyte--radioactivity--river--sampling--adsorption--chemistry--hydrocharitaceae--methodology--physiology--plant--radiation exposure--radiation monitoring--russian federation--sediment--soil pollutant--time--tissue distribution--water pollutant--eastern hemisphere--eurasia--russian federation--world--yenisei river--elodea canadensis--adsorption--americium--biomass--chemical fractionation--geologic sediments--hydrocharitaceae--plant shoots--radiation monitoring--rivers--russia--soil pollutants, radioactive--time factors--tissue distribution--water pollutants, radioactive
Аннотация: The source of radioactive contamination of the Yenisei River floodplain, including contamination with transuranic elements, is the Mining-and-Chemical Combine of the Russian Ministry of Atomic Energy, which has for many years been producing weapons-grade plutonium. Transuranic elements have been detected not only in the soil and sediment of the river but also in the biomass of aquatic plants. This work is an investigation of accumulation and release of 241Am by a submerged macrophyte of the Yenisei River (Elodea canadensis) in laboratory experiments. In 2000-2003, laboratory experiments were carried out with biomass of E. canadensis Mich. and filtered river water. The samples were collected from the Yenisei River upstream of the discharge of the Combine's radioactive effluent. The experiments showed that 241Am is accumulated by Elodea biomass: the activity concentration of 241Am can reach 3280 В± 240 Bq/g, with the concentration factor for 241Am 16 600 В± 2200 l/kg. Results of chemical fractionation have proved that in the course of 241Am accumulation by Elodea biomass, 241Am tightly bound to biomass increases from 11% to 27% of the total 241Am in the biomass. Release of 241Am from the decaying Elodea biomass has been evaluated experimentally. By the end of the experiment (lasting up to 127 days), the Elodea plants had lost up to 65% of their initial 241Am activity and the rate of 241Am release into the water environment reached 23 Bq/day. В© 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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