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Estimating CO2 gas exchange in mixed age vegetable plant communities grown on soil-like substrates for life support systems / V. V. Velichko, A. A. Tikhomirov, S. A. Ushakova // Life Sci. Space Res. - 2018. - Vol. 16. - P47-51, DOI 10.1016/j.lssr.2017.11.001 . - ISSN 2214-5524
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Bioconversion of plant waste -- CO2 gas exchange -- Conveyor mode -- Plant cultivation -- Soil-like substrate -- carbon dioxide -- Article -- atmosphere -- beet -- carrot -- concentration (parameters) -- Cyperus esculentus -- gas exchange -- genetic variation -- microclimate -- nonhuman -- plant age -- plant community -- plant growth -- planting density -- priority journal -- reproducibility -- soil and soil related phenomena -- soil like substrate -- vegetable
Аннотация: If soil-like substrate (SLS) is to be used in human life support systems with a high degree of mass closure, the rate of its gas exchange as a compartment for mineralization of plant biomass should be understood. The purpose of this study was to compare variations in CO2 gas exchange of vegetable plant communities grown on the soil-like substrate using a number of plant age groups, which determined the so-called conveyor interval. Two experimental plant communities were grown as plant conveyors with different conveyor intervals. The first plant community consisted of conveyors with intervals of 7 days for carrot and beet and 14 days for chufa sedge. The conveyor intervals in the second plant community were 14 days for carrot and beet and 28 days for chufa sedge. This study showed that increasing the number of age groups in the conveyor and, thus, increasing the frequency of adding plant waste to the SLS, decreased the range of variations in CO2 concentration in the “plant–soil-like substrate” system. However, the resultant CO2 gas exchange was shifted towards CO2 release to the atmosphere of the plant community with short conveyor intervals. The duration of the conveyor interval did not significantly affect productivity and mineral composition of plants grown on the SLS. © 2017

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Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Velichko, V. V.; Tikhomirov, A. A.; Ushakova, S. A.

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Fatty Acid Composition and Contents of Seven Commercial Fish Species of Genus Coregonus from Russian Subarctic Water Bodies / M. I. Gladyshev [et al.] // Lipids. - 2017. - Vol. 52, Is. 12. - P1033-1044, DOI 10.1007/s11745-017-4304-8. - Cited References:76. - The work was supported by Grant of Russian Science Foundation No. 16-14-10001. We are grateful to Ya. I. Alekseeva, V. S. Artamonova, I. L. Schurov, V. A. Shirokov for their kind help in sample collecting. . - ISSN 0024-4201. - ISSN 1558-9307

РУБ Biochemistry & Molecular Biology + Nutrition & Dietetics
Рубрики:
SALMON SALMO-SALAR
   FRESH-WATER
   DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACIDS
   KRASNOYARSK
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Eicosapentaenoic acid -- Docosahexaenoic acid -- Anadromous fish -- Freshwater -- fish -- Planktivory -- Benthivory
Аннотация: In several Russian northern lakes and rivers, Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis, least cisco C. sardinella, peled C. peled, tugun C. tugun, broad whitefish C. nasus, whitefish C. lavaretus and vendace C. albula were sampled in periods of officially permitted commercial fishery. Special attention was paid to contents (mg g(-1) of wet weight) of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in muscle tissues (filets), which are essential for human nutrition. The highest values of EPA + DHA content in semi-anadromous fish and freshwater fish were recorded for C. autumnalis from the Yenisei River, 17.60 mg g(-1) wet weight, and for C. lavaretus from the Sobachye Lake, 16.61 mg g(-1) wet weight, respectively. Intra-genus variations of EPA + DHA contents of Coregonus species were from 1.87 to 17.60 mg g(-1) wet weight. Since the congeneric species were genetically close to each other, the variations in EPA and DHA contents were thought to be caused primarily by ecological factors: migrational capability, type of feeding and trophic status of aquatic ecosystems. In general, the majority of studied species appeared to be of a high nutritive value for humans, although unfavorable environmental conditions could considerably diminish this value.

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Russian Acad Sci, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr, Fed Res Ctr, Inst Biophys,Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok 50-50, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, Svobodny Av 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biol Inland Waters, Borok 152742, Yaroslavl Regio, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Gladyshev, Michail I.; Sushchik, Nadezhda N.; Makhutova, Olesia N.; Glushchenko, Larisa A.; Rudchenko, Anastasia E.; Makhrov, Alexander A.; Borovikova, Elena A.; Dgebuadze, Yury Y.; Russian Science Foundation [16-14-10001]

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Feasibility of incorporating all products of human waste processing into material cycling in the BTLSS / Y. A. Morozov [et al.] // Life Sci. Space Res. - 2018. - Vol. 18. - P29-34, DOI 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.05.002 . - ISSN 2214-5524
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
BTLSS -- Closure -- Cycling -- Hydroponics -- Nutrient availability -- Sediment
Аннотация: The present study addresses the ways to increase the closure of biotechnical life support systems (BTLSS) for space applications. A promising method of organic waste processing based on “wet combustion” in hydrogen peroxide developed at the IBP SB RAS to produce fertilizers for higher plants is discussed. The method is relatively compact, energy efficient, productive, and eco-friendly. However, about 4–6 g/L of recalcitrant sediment containing such essential nutrients as Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn precipitates after the initial process. These elements are unavailable to plants grown hydroponically and, thus, drop out of the cycling as dead-end products. Possible methods of dissolving that sediment have been studied. Results of experiments show that the most promising method is additional oxidation of the sediment in HNO3 + H2O2. By using the new technological process, which only involves substances synthesized inside the BTLSS material flows, more than 90% of each nutrient can be converted into the form available to plants in irrigation solutions, thus returning them into the material cycling. The results obtained in this study show the efficacy of supplementing the irrigation solutions with the mineral nutrients after sediment dissolution. Lettuce plants grown as the test object on the newly prepared irrigation solutions produced the yield that was more than twice higher than the yield produced on the nutrient solutions prepared without the sediment conversion into a soluble form. Composition of the gases emitted during this process has been analyzed. Dynamics of oxidation of the small fractions of a wax-like sediment remaining after the initial sediment dissolution in HNO3 + H2O2 in the BTLSS soil-like substrate has been studied. The entire technological scheme aimed at the full inclusion of all human wastes into the BTLSS cycling has been suggested and discussed. A process scheme of including products of human waste processing in the biotic cycle of the BTLSS is discussed in the conclusion. © 2018 The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 31 “Krasnoyarskiy Rabochiy” Ave., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Morozov, Y. A.; Trifonov, S. V.; Ushakova, S. A.; Anishchenko, O. V.; Tikhomirov, A. A.

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Meta-analysis of factors associated with omega-3 fatty acid contents of wild fish / M. I. Gladyshev [et al.] // Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish. - 2018. - Vol. 28, Is. 2. - P277-299, DOI 10.1007/s11160-017-9511-0. - Cited References:138. - The work was supported by a Russian Science Foundation Grant (No. 16-14-10001). . - ISSN 0960-3166. - ISSN 1573-5184

РУБ Fisheries + Marine & Freshwater Biology
Рубрики:
FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION
DIETARY DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID
LONG-CHAIN
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Docosahexaenoic acid -- Ecomorphological factors -- Eicosapentaenoic acid -- Nutritive value -- Phylogenetic factors
Аннотация: Fish are recognized as the main source of physiologically important omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, namely, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), for human nutrition. However, muscle tissue contents of these fatty acids in diverse fish species, i.e., their nutritive value for humans, varied within two orders of magnitude. We reviewed contents of EPA and DHA, measured by similar methods using an internal standard during chromatography as mg per g of wet mass in 172 fish species belonging to 16 orders, to evaluate probable variations in phylogenetic and ecological drivers. EPA + DHA content varied from 25.6 mg g(-1) of wet mass (Sardinops sagax) to 0.12 mg g(-1) (Gymnura spp.). Multidimensional redundancy analysis revealed that among phylogenetic, ecomorphological and abiotic environmental factors, the highest proportion of variation contribution belonged to the shared contribution of sets of phylogenetic and ecomorphological factors. Specifically, the highest values of EPA + DHA content were characteristic of fish belonging to the orders Clupeiformes or Salmoniformes, were pelagic fast swimmers, ate zooplankton and inhabited marine waters or migrated from fresh to marine waters (anadromous migrations). High EPA and DHA content in muscle tissues of the above species appeared to be a metabolic adaptation for fast continuous swimming. In contrast to common beliefs, our meta-analysis did not support the significant influence of higher trophic levels (piscivory) and cold environments (homeoviscous adaptation) on EPA and DHA content in fish. However, many causes of high and low levels of physiologically important fatty acids in certain fish species remained unexplained and require evaluation in future studies.

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Russian Acad Sci, Fed Res Ctr, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr, Inst Biophys,Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, Svobodny Av 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
Russian Acad Sci, AN Severtsov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Leninsky Prospect 33, Moscow 119071, Russia.
Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Moscow 119899, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Gladyshev, Michail I.; Sushchik, Nadezhda N.; Tolomeev, Alexander P.; Dgebuadze, Yury Yu; Russian Science Foundation [16-14-10001]

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Inhibition effect of food preservatives on endoproteinases / E. N. Esimbekova [et al.] // Food Chem. - 2017. - Vol. 235. - P294-297, DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.059 . - ISSN 0308-8146
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Endoproteinases -- Food additives -- Pancreatic disease -- Pancreatic enzymes -- Benzoic acid -- Enzyme activity -- Enzymes -- Food additives -- Food preservatives -- Potassium sorbate -- Sodium -- Acceptable daily intakes -- Decay constants -- Endoproteinases -- Human metabolisms -- Inhibition effect -- Light intensity -- Protein digestion -- Sodium benzoate -- Sorbic acid
Аннотация: The present manuscript proposes a novel approach to assess the impact of food additives on human metabolism by analysing their effect on biomarker enzyme activity. Alterations in the activity of pancreatic enzymes, such as chymotrypsin and trypsin, which are affected by the most common food preservatives, sodium benzoate (E211), potassium sorbate (E202) and sorbic acid (E200), have been evaluated. The proteinase activity was analysed with a bioluminescent method using the light intensity decay constant. Our study revealed that the preservatives reduce proteinase activity by 50% (EC50) at a much lower concentration than their acceptable daily intake (ADI). Thus, sodium benzoate and sorbic acid have an inhibition effect on chymotrypsin at concentrations 14 times lower and 70 times lower than their ADI and this increases with exposure time. Food preservative consumption impacts negatively on protein digestion, which is especially dangerous for patients with pancreatitis. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center ‘Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS’, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Krasnoyarsk State Agricultural University, Institute of Agro-ecological Technologies, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Esimbekova, E. N.; Asanova, A. A.; Deeva, A. A.; Kratasyuk, V. A.

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Benefit-risk ratio of canned pacific saury (Cololabis saira) intake: Essential fatty acids vs. heavy metals / O. V. Anishchenko [et al.] // Food Chem. Toxicol. - 2017. - Vol. 101. - P8-14, DOI 10.1016/j.fct2016.12.035. - Cited References:51. - The work was partly supported by grant NSh-9249.2016.5 from the President of the Russian Federation. . - ISSN 0278-6915. - ISSN 1873-6351

РУБ Food Science & Technology + Toxicology
Рубрики:
EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN SEA
BREAM SPARUS-AURATA
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) -- Benefit-risk ratio -- Heavy metals -- Canned fish
Аннотация: Fatty acid (FA) and element contents were studied in 14 brands of canned (in its own juice and with sunflower oil) saury (Cololabis saira), a popular product of Russian market. Canned saury is a valuable source of essential polyunsaturated FA - eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). To obtain personal daily dose of EPA + DHA of 1 g for prevention of cardiovascular diseases, neural and inflammatory disorders one needs to intake from 26 to 76 g of canned saury, as was calculated for studied brands. ICP-OES analysis of 24 elements showed that Pb concentration in one brand and Cd content in most of studied saury samples exceeded standards for fish meat established by the European Commission. However, values of hazard quotient, HQEFA, which estimate benefit -risk ratio of fish intake, indicate that canned saury is safe product for human nutrition. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr SB RAS, Fed Res Ctr, Inst Biophys SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50-50, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, 79 Svobodny Av, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
Fed Reg Ctr Standardizat Metrol & Testing Krasnoy, 1a Vavilov Str, Krasnoyarsk 660093, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Anishchenko, O. V.; Sushchik, N. N.; Makhutova, O. N.; Kalachova, G. S.; Gribovskaya, I. V.; Morgun, V. N.; Gladyshev, M. I.; Russian Federation [NSh-9249.2016.5]

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Benefit-risk ratio of canned pacific saury (Cololabis saira) intake: Essential fatty acids vs. heavy metals / O. V. Anishchenko [et al.] // Food Chem. Toxicol. - 2017. - Vol. 101. - P8-14, DOI 10.1016/j.fct.2016.12.035 . - ISSN 0278-6915
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Benefit-risk ratio -- Canned fish -- Heavy metals -- Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)
Аннотация: Fatty acid (FA) and element contents were studied in 14 brands of canned (in its own juice and with sunflower oil) saury (Cololabis saira), a popular product of Russian market. Canned saury is a valuable source of essential polyunsaturated FA - eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). To obtain personal daily dose of EPA + DHA of 1 g for prevention of cardiovascular diseases, neural and inflammatory disorders one needs to intake from 26 to 76 g of canned saury, as was calculated for studied brands. ICP-OES analysis of 24 elements showed that Pb concentration in one brand and Cd content in most of studied saury samples exceeded standards for fish meat established by the European Commission. However, values of hazard quotient, HQEFA which estimate benefit-risk ratio of fish intake, indicate that canned saury is safe product for human nutrition. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd

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Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, Akademgorodok, 50/50, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny av., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Federal Regional Center for Standardization, Metrology and Testing in the Krasnoyarsk Region, 1a Vavilov Str., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Anishchenko, O. V.; Sushchik, N. N.; Makhutova, O. N.; Kalachova, G. S.; Gribovskaya, I. V.; Morgun, V. N.; Gladyshev, M. I.

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Concentrations of metals in water of the Yenisei River between Krasnoyarsk and the Angara River outfall in 2010-2015 / D. V. Dementyev [и др.] // Bull. Tomsk Polytech. Univ. Geo Assets Eng. - 2017. - Vol. 328, Is. 3. - С. 54-63 . - ISSN 2500-1019
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Heavy metals -- Microelements -- Screening -- The Yenisei River -- Water -- Water quality
Аннотация: The relevance of the study is determined by the necessity to obtain the data on concentrations of chemical elements in water of the Yenisei River, which is continuously affected by human activities. The aim of the study is to determine concentrations of such chemical elements as Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Ba, Al, Mn, U, Mo, Cr, Ni, As, Co, Sr, Fe, Pb, Cd, and Bi in water of the Yenisei River between the city of Krasnoyarsk and the outfall of the Angara River. The methods used in the study. Total contents of the elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, using an Agilent 7500a instrument. The results. The study showed the changes in average concentrations of 20 chemical elements in water of the Yenisei River between the city of Krasnoyarsk and the outfall of the Angara River (the village Strelka), for 2010-2015. Comparison of the data obtained with the levels of maximum permissible concentrations showed that the examined part of the Yenisei River contained the increased concentrations of Fe, Cu, Mn, Al, and Zn. For the study period, the magnitudes of average concentrations of Fe reached 1...2 maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) and Cu concentrations reached 1...5 MPC The average concentrations of Mn amounted to 1...3 MPC in the parts of the river over 90 km downstream of Krasnoyarsk (at the villages Atamanovo and Strelka). Cu, Fe, and Zn concentrations tend to increase somewhat in the parts of the river over 90 km downstream of Krasnoyarsk, which may be caused by the influence of the industrial complex of the town Zheleznogorsk and the outfall of the Kan River, with the large industrial facilities located along its banks, in Zelenogorsk, in particular.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences FRC KSC SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
ICCT SB RAS FRC KSC SB RAS, 50/24 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Dementyev, D. V.; Bolsunovsky, A. Y.; Borisov, R. V.; Alexandrova, Y. V.

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Gamma irradiation of resting eggs of Moina macrocopa affects individual and population performance of hatchlings / E. Zadereev [et al.] // J. Environ. Radioact. - 2017. - Vol. 175-176. - P126-134, DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.05.002 . - ISSN 0265-931X
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Cladocera -- Life cycle parameters -- Population performance -- Resting eggs -- ?-radiation -- Gamma rays -- Irradiation -- Life cycle -- Radiation effects -- Radioactive materials -- Sediments -- Cladocera -- Cycle parameters -- Dose response relationships -- Population performance -- Reproductive rates -- Resting eggs -- Sensitive parameter -- Zooplankton communities -- Radiation -- adolescent -- Cladocera -- contamination -- controlled study -- dose response -- female -- gamma irradiation -- gamma radiation -- hatchling -- human -- human experiment -- life cycle -- Moina macrocopa -- newborn -- nonhuman -- sediment -- zooplankton -- Animalia -- Cladocera -- Moina macrocopa
Аннотация: We investigated the effects of ?-radiation on the survival of resting eggs of the cladoceran Moina macrocopa, on the parameters of the life cycle of neonates hatched from the irradiated eggs and on the performance of the population initiated from irradiated eggs. The study showed that ?-radiation in a range of doses from the background level to 100 Gy had no effect on survival of irradiated eggs. The absorbed dose of 200 Gy was lethal to resting eggs of M. macrocopa. The number of clutches and net reproductive rate (R0) of hatchlings from eggs exposed to radiation were the strongly affected parameters in experiments with individual females. The number of clutches per female was drastically reduced for females hatched from egg exposed to 80–100 Gy. The most sensitive parameter was the R0. The estimated ED50 for the R0 (effective dose that induces 50% R0 reduction) was 50 Gy. Population performance was also affected by the irradiation of the resting stage of animals that initiated population. Populations that was initiated from hatchlings from resting eggs exposed to 100 Gy was of smaller size and with fewer juvenile and parthenogenetic females in comparison with control populations. Thus, we determined the dose-response relationship for the effect of gamma radiation on survival of resting eggs and individual and population responses of hatchlings from irradiated resting eggs. We conclude that for highly polluted areas contamination of bottom sediments with radioactive materials could affect zooplankton communities through adverse chronic effects on resting eggs, which will be transmitted to hatchlings at individual or population levels. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Centre Krasnoyarsk Scientific Centre, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodniy Ave., Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 11 Akademika Lavrent'eva Ave., Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Zadereev, E.; Lopatina, T.; Oskina, N.; Zotina, T.; Petrichenkov, M.; Dementyev, D.

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10.

Comparative Analysis of Content of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Food and Muscle Tissue of Fish from Aquaculture and Natural Habitats / M. I. Gladyshev [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2018. - Vol. 11, Is. 3. - P297-308, DOI 10.1134/S199542551803006X. - Cited References:86. - This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 16-14-10001. We are grateful to A.A. Makhrov and E.A. Borovikova for assisting in material collection and for useful comments to the initial text of the article. . - ISSN 1995-4255. - ISSN 1995-4263

РУБ Ecology
Рубрики:
LONG-CHAIN OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS
TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS
BREAM
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
fatty acids -- aquaculture -- food chain -- bioaccumulation
Аннотация: Two fish species reared in aquaculture (pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha and whitefish Coregonus lavaretus) and ten fish species from natural habitats (whitefish C. lavaretus, tugun Coregonus tugun, broad whitefish Coregonus nasus, least cisco Coregonus sardinella, vendace Coregonus albula, boganid charr Salvelinus boganidae, charr Salvelinus alpinus complex, northern pike Esox lucius, sharp-snouted lenok Brachymystax lenok, and taimen Hucho taimen) have been studied. The content of two long-chain polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA), in the muscle tissue of the fish and in their food (intestine contents) are compared. In the aquacultures of whitefish and pink salmon, the total content of EPA and DHA is significantly higher in feed than in the muscle tissue of the fish, which indicates losses of PUFA in the two-link food chain of the aquaculture during their transfer to the upper trophic level. EPA and DHA losses in aquaculture, which are confirmed by numerous literature data, mean an inefficient usage of the available sources of PUFAs and the aggravation of the global deficit of these biochemicals in the human diet. A study of natural fish populations reveals the accumulation of EPA and DHA in their biomass compared to food in many cases, although opposite phenomena are also observed. An assumption on the presence of an optimal, physiologically adequate species-specific level of PUFA in the fish muscle tissue has been made based on our data and literature data. If the level of PUFAs in the muscles is lower than optimal, their accumulation (bioaccumulation) from food and/or de novo synthesis are observed. When the optimal level is exceeded, the content of EPA and DHA in biomass approaches maximum species-specific values; however, part of these PUFAs entering from food is not digested or is catabolized. According to the obtained data, the species of the order Salmoniformes have an optimal level of 2 to 6 mg/g of wet weight. It has been found that in aquaculture approaching to maximum values of EPA + DHA content was accompanied by their losses (scattering) in the food chains, while in natural ecosystems the maximum values of PUFA content in the fish biomass are achieved by their accumulation from the lower trophic level. Boganid charr S. boganidae had the highest content of EPA + DHA in the muscle tissue among all known fish species (32.78 mg/g of wet weight).

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr, Inst Biophys, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Gladyshev, M. I.; Glushchenko, L. A.; Makhutova, O. N.; Rudchenko, A. E.; Shulepina, S. P.; Dubovskaya, O. P.; Zuev, I. V.; Kolmakov, V. I.; Sushchik, N. N.; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [16-14-10001]

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11.

Converting gaseous pollutants toxic to plants and humans into environmentally friendly compounds in artificial ecosystems / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering : Institute of Physics Publishing, 2018. - Vol. 450: 9th International Multidisciplinary Scientific and Research Conference on Modern Issues in Science and Technology Workshop in Advanced Technologies in Aerospace, Mechanical and Automation Engineering, MISTAerospace 2018 (20 October 2018 through 28 October 2018, ) Conference code: 143027, Is. 6, DOI 10.1088/1757-899X/450/6/062004
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Ecosystems -- Environmental management -- Fog -- Artificial ecosystems -- Experimental conditions -- Gaseous pollutants -- Human waste -- Liquid products -- Plant growth -- Toxic effect -- Wheat plants -- Pollution
Аннотация: The present study describes detection of potential gaseous pollutants that can produce a toxic effect on plants and humans in the system with wheat plants cultivated on solutions containing liquid products of mineralization of human waste and fish waste. These gaseous pollutants do not inhibit plant growth and development under the experimental conditions, but they may accumulate in closed ecosystems functioning for extended periods of time. Ways to convert gaseous pollutants into environmentally friendly compounds have been proposed. © 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

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Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok, 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A. A.; Ushakova, S. A.; Tikhomirova, N. A.; Trifonov, S. V.; Kalacheva, G. S.

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12.

Screening of biopolymeric materials for cardiovascular surgery toxicity—Evaluation of their surface relief with assessment of morphological aspects of monocyte/macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis patients / N. G. Menzyanova [et al.] // Toxicol. Rep. - 2019. - Vol. 6. - P74-90, DOI 10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.11.009 . - ISSN 2214-7500
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Atherosclerosis -- Cell morphology -- Intravascular stenting -- Macrophages -- Monocytes -- Polyhydroxyalkanoates
Аннотация: The morphotypes of human macrophages (MPh) were studied in the culture on nano-structured biopolymer substrates, made from polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHAs) of five various monomer compositions, followed by the solvent evaporation. Its surface relief, which was further in direct contact with human cells in vitro, was analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was shown, that the features of the micro/nano relief depend on the monomeric composition of the polymer substrates. Monocytes (MN) of patients with atherosclerosis and cardiac ischemia, undergoing stenting and conventional anti-atherosclerotic therapy, were harvested prior and after stenting. MN were isolated and cultured, with the transformation into MPh in direct contact with biopolymer culture substrates with different monomer composition and nano-reliefs, and transformed into MPh, in comparison with the same process on standard culture plastic. Sub-populations of cells with characteristic morphology in each phenotypic class were described, and their quantitative ratios for each sample of polymers were counted as an intermediate result in the development of “smart” material for cardiovascular devices. The results obtained allow us to assume, that the processes of MPh differentiation and polarization in vitro depend not only on the features of the micro/nano relief of biopolymer substrates, but also on the initial state of MN in vivo and general response of patients. © 2018 The Authors

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Держатели документа:
Siberian Federal University, 79, Svobodny av., Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/38 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Federal Research Center Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, 45 Karaulnaya, Krasnoyarsk, 660020, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Menzyanova, N. G.; Pyatina, S. А.; Nikolaeva, E. D.; Shabanov, A. V.; Nemtsev, I. V.; Stolyarov, D. P.; Dryganov, D. B.; Sakhnov, E. V.; Shishatskaya, E. I.

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13.

Incorporation of mineralized human waste and fish waste as a source of higher plant mineral nutrition in the BTLSS mass exchange / N. A. Tikhomirova [et al.] // Life Sci. Space Res. - 2019. - Vol. 20. - P53-61, DOI 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.12.003. - Cited References:41. - The study on developing the principles and conditions of fish waste mineralization and on growing wheat plants in the conveyor mode on solutions based on mineralized human waste and fish waste was performed within the framework of subject No. 56.1.4., in accordance with State Program for IBP SB RAS for 2013-2020.; The research in mineralization of human waste and growing wheat plants in the conveyor mode on solutions based on mineralized human waste was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 14-14-00599.) and carried out in the IBP SB RAS at FRC KRC SB RAS. . - ISSN 2214-5524. - ISSN 2214-5532

РУБ Astronomy & Astrophysics + Biology + Multidisciplinary Sciences
Рубрики:
LIFE-SUPPORT-SYSTEM
   HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE
   MARS
   INTEGRATION
   BEHAVIOR
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Biotechnical life support system -- Human waste -- Fish waste -- Wheat
Аннотация: The present study deals with the development of the principles and conditions of fish waste mineralization using the method of wet combustion with hydrogen peroxide in alternating electromagnetic field and describes testing mineralized human waste and fish waste as sources of nutrients for plants in the biotechnical human life support system (BTLSS). The study shows that mineralization of fish waste in the wet combustion reactor should be performed in the presence of readily oxidized organic matter, represented by human waste, as an activator of oxidation. Re-mineralization of the sediment in the mixture of hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid in the wet combustion reactor converts mineral elements bound in the sediment into the form available to plants. Using mineralized fish waste as an additional source of mineral elements in the nutrient solutions for growing plants based on mineralized human waste is a way to reduce the amounts of mineral elements added to the solution to replenish it, enabling fuller closure of material loops in the BTLSS.

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Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr SB RAS, Inst Biophys SB RAS, Fed Res Ctr, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirova, N. A.; Trifonov, S., V; Ushakova, S. A.; Morozov, E. A.; Anischenko, O., V; Tikhomirov, A. A.; Morozov, Yegor; Russian Science Foundation [14-14-00599]; State Program for IBP SB RAS for 2013-2020 [56.1.4]

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14.

Bioluminescent aptamer-based sandwich-type assay of anti-myelin basic protein autoantibodies associated with multiple sclerosis / V. V. Krasitskaya [et al.] // Anal. Chim. Acta. - 2019. - Vol. 1064. - P112-118, DOI 10.1016/j.aca.2019.03.015. - Cited References:29. - This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), Russia, under the grant No 17-315-50027; Russian State funded budget projects No. AAAA-A17-117013050026-4 and AAAA-A17-117020210021-7. . - ISSN 0003-2670. - ISSN 1873-4324

РУБ Chemistry, Analytical
Рубрики:
ANTIBODIES
BIOMARKERS
RNA
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Bioluminescent microassay -- RNA aptamers -- Autoantibodies to myelin basic -- protein -- Multiple sclerosis
Аннотация: Bioluminescent solid-phase sandwich-type microassay was developed to detect multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated autoantibodies in human sera. The assay is based on two different 2'-F-Py RNA aptamers against the target autoantibodies as biospecific elements, and Ca2+-regulated photoprotein obelin as a reporter. The paper describes elaboration of the assay and its application to 91 serum samples from patients with clinically definite MS and 86 ones from individuals healthy in terms of MS. Based on the receiver-operator curve (ROC) analysis, the chosen threshold value as clinical decision limit offers sensitivity of 63.7% and specificity of 94.2%. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of 0.87 shows a good difference between the groups under investigation. The likelihood ratio of 10.97 proves the diagnostic value of the assay and its potential as one of the laboratory MS-tests. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
RAS, Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr SB, Fed Res Ctr, Inst Biophys SB, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
RAS, Inst Chem Biol & Fundamental Med SB, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
State Med Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Krasitskaya, Vasilisa V.; Chaukina, Valentina V.; Abroskina, Maria V.; Vorobyeva, Maria A.; Ilminskaya, Aleksandra A.; Kabilov, Marsel R.; Prokopenko, Semyon V.; Nevinsky, Georgy A.; Venyaminova, Alya G.; Frank, Ludmila A.; Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), Russia [17-315-50027]; Russian State [AAAA-A17-117013050026-4, AAAA-A17-117020210021-7]

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15.

A small closed ecosystem with an estimated portion of human metabolism / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // Life Sci. Space Res. - 2018. - Vol. 19. - P63-67, DOI 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.10.001. - Cited References:11. - The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 14-14-00599.) and carried out in the IBP SB RAS at FRC KRC SB RAS. . - ISSN 2214-5524. - ISSN 2214-5532

РУБ Astronomy & Astrophysics + Biology + Multidisciplinary Sciences

Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Closed ecosystem -- Physicochemical waste processing -- Biochemical waste -- processing -- Cycling process
Аннотация: The study describes a small closed ecosystem used to test technologies to be further employed in full-scale manned closed ecosystems. The experimental ecosystem is designed to use a certain portion of human metabolism, which is included in the gas, water, and organic waste loops of the system. In this experimental ecosystem, gas and water loops are fully closed, and the model enables processing of human waste and plant inedible biomass. A physicochemical method is used to remove pollutants from the air in the system. A human takes part in the gas exchange of the system through its respiration loop. This experimental ecosystem can be used for testing and improving new technologies to be further used in the future space stations.

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Держатели документа:
Krasnoyarsk Sci Ctr SB RAS, Inst Biophys SB RAS, Fed Res Ctr, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, Alexander A.; Ushakova, Sofya A.; Velichko, Vladimir V.; Trifonov, Sergey, V; Tikhomirova, Natalia A.; Kalacheva, Galina S.; Russian Science Foundation [14-14-00599]

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16.

Analysis of the gas exchange and water balance in a closed experimental model of the artificial ecosystem intended for an estimated portion of a human / S. Ushakova [et al.] // Acta Astronaut. - 2018, DOI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.07.022 . - ISSN 0094-5765
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Experimental model of a closed ecological system -- Higher plant community -- Human respiratory function -- Water balance -- СО2 and О2 gas exchange -- Carbon dioxide -- Evapotranspiration -- Closed ecological systems -- Gas exchange -- Higher plants -- Respiratory function -- Water balance -- Ecosystems
Аннотация: This study was performed to investigate water and gas exchange in the experimental model of a closed ecological system (CES) intended for an estimated portion of a human in the long-duration (several-month) experiment. The diversity of the vegetable conveyor in the system was increased. Human wastes were involved in mass exchange processes, and human respiratory function was periodically connected to the experimental model of a CES. The experimental model of a CES was used to quantify regeneration of the gaseous atmosphere with oxygen and carbon dioxide loops by linking the photosynthesizing compartment with the heterotrophic compartment (soil-like substrate) and by the periodic connection of the human respiratory function. Under the preset light and temperature conditions, atmospheric CO2 concentration in the CES model intended for a portion of a human was maintained at a level that neither limited photosynthetic processes nor was harmful to humans (800–2000 ppm) during the 154-day experiment. At the same time, O2 concentration did not either drop below 20.8% or rise above 22.6%. The amount of the evapotranspiration water collected in the system could satisfy 50% of the daily water requirement of a human (with all the water used and excreted by the human being processed and used to irrigate plants). The evapotranspiration water did not need to be additionally purified before being used by humans. Thus, in the experimental model of the closed ecological system, human oxygen and food requirements (per 0.05 portion of a human) were matched to the function of the heterotrophic compartment and the photosynthesizing activity of the multispecies uneven-aged higher plant community. © 2018 IAA

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Ushakova, S.; Tikhomirova, N.; Velichko, V.; Trifonov, S.; Morozov, Y.; Kalacheva, G.; Pavlova, A.; Tikhomirov, A.

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17.

Battle of GLP-1 delivery technologies / M. Yu [et al.] // Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. - 2018, DOI 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.009 . - ISSN 0169-409X
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Albumin fusion -- Exenatide -- Fatty acid conjugate -- Fc fusion -- GLP-1 receptor agonist -- Half-life -- Peptide delivery -- Pharmacokinetics
Аннотация: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) belong to an important therapeutic class for treatment of type 2 diabetes. Six GLP-1 RAs, each utilizing a unique drug delivery strategy, are now approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and additional, novel GLP-1 RAs are still under development, making for a crowded marketplace and fierce competition among the manufacturers of these products. As rapid elimination is a major challenge for clinical application of GLP-1 RAs, various half-life extension strategies have been successfully employed including sequential modification, attachment of fatty-acid to peptide, fusion with human serum albumin, fusion with the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region of a monoclonal antibody, sustained drug delivery systems, and PEGylation. In this review, we discuss the scientific rationale of the various half-life extension strategies used for GLP-1 RA development. By analyzing and comparing different approved GLP-1 RAs and those in development, we focus on assessing how half-life extending strategies impact the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, patient usability and ultimately, the commercial success of GLP-1 RA products. We also anticipate future GLP-1 RA development trends. Since similar drug delivery strategies are also applied for developing other therapeutic peptides, we expect this case study of GLP-1 RAs will provide generalizable concepts for the rational design of therapeutic peptides products with extended duration of action. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

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Держатели документа:
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
Amneal Pharmaceuticals, 50 Horseblock Rd, Brookhaven, NY, United States
Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodnuy Ave, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Institute of Biophysics SBRAS, 50 Akademgorodok, Russian Federation
Biointerfaces Institute, NCRC, 2800 Plymouth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
Department of Biomedical Engineering, 2200 Bonisteel Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

Доп.точки доступа:
Yu, M.; Benjamin, M. M.; Srinivasan, S.; Morin, E. E.; Shishatskaya, E. I.; Schwendeman, S. P.; Schwendeman, A.

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18.

Feasibility of incorporating all products of human waste processing into material cycling in the btlss / Ye. A. Morozov [et al.] // Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC. - 2017. - Vol. 4: 68th International Astronautical Congress: Unlocking Imagination, Fostering Innovation and Strengthening Security, IAC 2017 (25 September 2017 through 29 September 2017, ) Conference code: 136635. - P2143-2149
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
BTLSS -- Closure -- Cycling -- Hydroponics -- Nutrient availability -- Sediment -- Dissolution -- Energy efficiency -- Irrigation -- Life support systems (spacecraft) -- Plant shutdowns -- Sediments -- Space applications -- Waste incineration -- BTLSS -- Closure -- Cycling -- Hydroponics -- Nutrient availability -- Nutrients
Аннотация: The present study addresses the ways to increase the closure of biotechnical life support systems (BTLSS) for space applications. A promising method of organic waste processing based on wet combustion in hydrogen peroxide developed at the IBP SB RAS to produce fertilizers for higher plants is discussed. The method is relatively compact, energy efficient, productive, and eco-friendly. However, about 4-6 g/L of recalcitrant sediment containing such essential nutrients as Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn precipitates after the initial process. These elements are unavailable to plants grown hydroponically, thus dropping out of the cycling as deadlock products. Possible methods of dissolving that sediment have been studied. Results of experiments show that the most promising method is additional oxidation of the sediment in HNO3 + H2O2. By using the new technological process, which only involves substances synthesized inside the BTLSS material flows, more than 90% of each nutrient can be converted into the available form in irrigation solutions, thus returning them into the material cycling. The efficiency of irrigation solutions beneficiated with the mineral nutrients after the sediment dissolution has been shown. Lettuce plants grown as the test object on the newly prepared irrigation solutions produced the yield that was higher more than twice compared to the nutrient solutions prepared without the sediment conversion into a soluble state. Composition of the gases emitted during this process has been analysed. Dynamics of oxidation of small fractions of a wax-like sediment remaining after its dissolution in the BTLSS soil-like substrate has been studied. In conclusion, the entire technological chain aimed at inclusion of deadlock products of human waste wet combustion into the BTLSS cycling has been suggested and discussed. © 2017 by the International Astronautical Federation (IAF). All rights reserved.

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center, Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 31 "Krasnoyarskiy Rabochiy" Ave., Krasnoyarsk, 660037, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Morozov, Ye. A.; Trifonov, S. V.; Ushakova, S. A.; Anishchenko, O. V.; Tikhomirov, A. A.

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19.

Establishing cycling processes in an experimental model of a closed ecosystem / A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // . - 2018, DOI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.08.023 . - ISSN 0094-5765
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Cycling -- Experimental model of the closed ecosystem -- Oxidation of human and plant wastes -- Plant productivity -- Carbon dioxide -- Cultivation -- Ecosystems -- Life support systems (spacecraft) -- Closed ecological systems -- Cycling -- Expanded clay aggregates -- Experimental modeling -- Photosynthetic activity -- Plant productivity -- Plant wastes -- Terrestrial application -- Plant shutdowns
Аннотация: The purpose of this study was to investigate mass exchange processes in the experimental model of a closed ecological system intended for an estimated portion of a human in the long-duration (several-month) experiment. The diversity of the vegetable crop community in the system was increased, human wastes were involved in mass exchange processes, and human respiration was periodically connected to the system. The system has been designed to test different prospective technologies for future closed life support systems intended for prolonged autonomous operation in space and terrestrial applications. Three methods of plant cultivation in the conveyer mode have been used: hydroponics on expanded clay aggregate, growing plants on the soil-like substrate, and plant cultivation in aquaculture. The technology of more effective oxidation of organic wastes in a physicochemical processing reactor has been developed. A human exhaled the air into the system and consumed the air from the system. O2 concentration did not drop below 20.8% and did not rise above 22.6%. CO2 concentration varied between 800 ppm and 2500 ppm. Plants growing under this CO2 range at a preset light irradiance showed optimal photosynthetic activity. The closure coefficients for Ca, Mg, S, N, K and P were above 90%. However, compared with the inflow, only 55% Ca, about 80% Mg, and 75% Na and P were removed from the system. The technological processes developed in this study will need to be modified and improved before they can be used in a full-scale closed biotechnical life support system intended for prolonged operation. © 2018 IAA

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A.; Ushakova, S.; Tikhomirova, N.; Velichko, V.; Trifonov, S.; Anishchenko, O.

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20.

Development of human exometabolite deep mineralization method for closed ecosystems / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // Dokl. Biochem. Biophys. - 2016. - Vol. 470, Is. 1. - P316-318, DOI 10.1134/S1607672916050021. - Cited References:9. - The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 14-14-00599). . - ISSN 1607-6729. - ISSN 1608-3091

РУБ Biochemistry & Molecular Biology + Biophysics

Аннотация: Methods of physicochemical further oxidation of hardly soluble sediment obtained from "wet combustion" of human exometabolites applied to space-purpose Bio Technological Life Support Systems (BTLLS) were studied. Most hardly dissoluble sediment containing Ca, P, Mg, and other essential plant nutrition elements were shown to dissolve in H2O2 and HNO3 aqueous media activated by alternating electric current. Dissolved additional mineral elements allowed (as demonstrated for lettuce) to increase the productivity of BTLLS phototrophic unit plants more than twice, which is comparable to their productivity on standard Knop solution with balanced chemical composition. Thus, dissolved mineral elements can be involved into BTLLS turnover process and increase its closure degree.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A. A.; Trifonov, S. V.; Morozov, E. A.; Kudenko, Yu. A.; Kalacheva, G. S.; Ushakova, S. A.; Russian Science Foundation [14-14-00599]

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