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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kirensky L.V., Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Y.N.
Заглавие : Theoretical and experimental decisions in the creation of an artificial ecosystem for human life support in space.
Место публикации : Life sciences and space research. - 1971. - Vol. 9. - С. 75-80. - ISSN 00759422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): article--bacterium--biotechnology--chlorella--energy metabolism--human--instrumentation--man machine interaction--metabolism--microclimate--space flight--weightlessness--bacteria--biotechnology--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--energy metabolism--environment, controlled--humans--life support systems--man-machine systems--space flight--weightlessness
Аннотация: All of man's former space flights were not real ventures into space in the biological sense, as his life was supported with unregenerated earth supplies. The coming stage of space exploration requires man's long existence in the cosmos and on the other planets. This stage of man's activity outside the earth become possible only by creating small man-made ecosystems, permitting the support of his metabolism by the recycling of substances of the terrestrial biosphere. Creation of such systems is a new scientific and technical task. Man-made ecosystems are a new product of man's activity, which have no complete analogy, either in nature, or in technology. Stochastic mechanisms, which stabilize biogeocenosis, cannot be effective in small ecosystems. A technique of parametric control over biosynthesis made it possible to calculate, and put to practice, an ecosystem for man with a cyclic regeneration of the atmosphere, water and, partially, food. The specific bio-technological properties of small man-made ecosystems are being analysed. The possibility of their application for man's excursions into space and for the settlement of other planets is being considered.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Barashkov V.A., Gitelzon I.I., Nefedov V.P., Trubachev I.N.
Заглавие : The dynamics of the amino acid composition of the medium in cultivating the isolated organs by controlled perfusion (Russian)
Место публикации : Byulleten Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny. - 1975. - Vol. 80, Is. 7. - С. 36-38. - ISSN 03659615 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acid--amino acid--dog--in vitro study--kidney--liver--sternum--theoretical study--animal--article--culture medium--metabolism--organ culture--organ preservation--perfusion--tissue preservation--kidney--liver--kidney perfusion--liver perfusion--tissue culture--amino acids--animal--culture media--dogs--english abstract--in vitro--organ culture--organ preservation--perfusion--tissue preservation--kidney--liver
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Sidko F.Ya., Lisovsky G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Belyanin V.N., Trubachov I.N., Rerberg M.S.
Заглавие : Life support system with autonomous control employing plant photosynthesis
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 1976. - Vol. 3, Is. 9-10. - С. 633-650. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biochemical engineering - photosynthesis--spacecraft--adaptation--article--chlorella--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--intestine--male--metabolism--microbiology--microclimate--photosynthesis--physiology--plant--space flight--task performance--vegetable--water supply--wheat--adaptation, physiological--chlorella--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--humans--intestines--life support systems--male--metabolism--photosynthesis--plants--space simulation--task performance and analysis--triticum--vegetables--water supply
Аннотация: This research was aimed at obtaining a closed control system. This was achieved by placing all the technological processes providing for human vital activities within the hermetically sealed space, and by transferring the entire control and guidance of these processes to people inhabiting the system. In contrast to existing biological life support systems, man has been included not only as a participant of metabolism, but as an operator who is the central figure in collecting information, making decisions and controlling all technological processes. To tackle this problem, the "BIOS-3" experimental complex was created for performing long-term experiments using different structures of biological life-support system. The experiment lasted six months and consisted of three stages. During the first stage the system was comprised of two equivalent phytotrons with the culture of wheat and an assortment of vegetable plants, and the living compartment. At the second stage, one of the phytotrons was removed while a compartment of chlorella cultivators was introduced. The third stage differed from the second, the former using wheat phytotron and the latter employing phytotron with an assortment of vegetable cultures. Three men inhabited the system simultaneously. The experiment demonstrated that a biological life support system controlled autonomously from the inside is feasible within a small confined space. However, immunological and microbiological research shows, that the medium created by the system is not fully adequate for man. In conclusion, some prospects have been outlined for further studies of biological life support systems. В© 1976.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelzon I.I., Nefedov V.P., Mezhevikin V.V.
Заглавие : Effect of hypoxemia on erythropoietic activity of perfused organs
Место публикации : Byulleten Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny. - 1977. - Vol. 84, Is. 7. - С. 23-24. - ISSN 03659615 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): animal--bone marrow--cell proliferation--erythropoiesis--histology--hypoxemia--injury--mammal--perfusion fluid--theoretical study--article--dog--kidney--liver--metabolism--perfusion--spleen--sternum--erythropoietin--animal--anoxemia--dogs--english abstract--erythropoietin--kidney--liver--perfusion--spleen--sternum
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : VOLOVA T.G., KALACHEVA G.S., KASAEVA G.E., TERESHKOVA G.M.
Заглавие : EFFECT OF GAS-NUTRITION CONDITIONS ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF SELIBERIA-CARBOXYDOHYDROGENA
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : Microbiology: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 1986. - Vol. 55, Is. 6. - P748-752. - ISSN 0026-2617
Примечания : Cited References: 11
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : VOLOVA T.G., KALACHEVA G.S., KASAEVA G.E., TERESHKOVA G.M.
Заглавие : EFFECT OF GAS-NUTRITION CONDITIONS ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF SELIBERIA-CARBOXYDOHYDROGENA
Место публикации : Microbiology: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 1986. - Vol. 55, Is. 6. - С. 748-752. - 5. - ISSN 0026-2617
Примечания : Cited References: 11
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : VOLOVA T.G., GUSEINOV O.A., KALACHEVA G.S., KONDRATEVA E.N., MEDVEDEVA S.E., PUZYR A.P., FEDOROVA Y.V.
Заглавие : METABOLISM OF CARBOXYDOBACTERIA AND THEIR ULTRA-FINE ORGANIZATION ON CULTURING ON MEDIA CONTAINING CARBON-MONOXIDE
Место публикации : Microbiology: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 1988. - Vol. 57, Is. 5. - С. 633-637. - 5. - ISSN 0026-2617
Примечания : Cited References: 17
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : VOLOVA T.G., GUSEINOV O.A., KALACHEVA G.S., KONDRATEVA E.N., MEDVEDEVA S.E., PUZYR A.P., FEDOROVA Y.V.
Заглавие : METABOLISM OF CARBOXYDOBACTERIA AND THEIR ULTRA-FINE ORGANIZATION ON CULTURING ON MEDIA CONTAINING CARBON-MONOXIDE
Колич.характеристики :5 с
Место публикации : Microbiology: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 1988. - Vol. 57, Is. 5. - P633-637. - ISSN 0026-2617
Примечания : Cited References: 17
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson I.I., Terskov I.A., Kovrov B.G., Lisovskii G.M., Okladnikov Yu.N., Sid'ko F.Ya., Trubachev I.N., Shilenko M.P., Alekseev S.S., Pan'kova I.M., Tirranen L.S.
Заглавие : Long-term experiments on man's stay in biological life-support system
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1989. - Vol. 9, Is. 8. - С. 65-71. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agricultural products--ecosystems--food products--personnel - health--space flight - manned flight--bios-3 complex--phytotrons--spacecraft--water--air conditioning--article--biomass--crop--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--instrumentation--light--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--photosynthesis--plant--waste management--wheat--air conditioning--biomass--crops, agricultural--ecological systems, closed--evaluation studies--humans--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plants--triticum--waste management--water
Аннотация: We describe the experimental system having maximal possible closure of material recycling in an ecosystem, including people and plants, which was carried out in a hermetically sealed experimental complex "BIOS-3", 315 m2 in volume. The system included 2 experimentators and 3 phytotrons with plants (total sowing area of 63 m2). Plants were grown with round-the-clock lamp irradiation with 130 Wm-2 PAR intensity. The plants production was food for people. Water exchange of ecosystem, as well as gas exchange, was fully closed excluding liquids and gas samples taken for chemical analysis outside the system. The total closure of material turnover constituted 91%. Health state of the crew was estimated before, during and after the experiment. A 5-months period did not affect their health. The experiments carried out prove that the closed ecosystem of "man-plants" is a prototype of a life-support system for long-term space expeditions. В© 1989.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : PLOTNIKOV V.F., GUSEINOV O.A., VOLOVA T.G., FEDOROVA Y.V., MOGILNAYA O.A.
Заглавие : EFFECT OF CARBON-MONOXIDE ON METABOLISM OF THE HYDROGEN BACTERIA ALCALIGENES-EUTROPHUS Z-1
Место публикации : Microbiology: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA, 1990. - Vol. 59, Is. 2. - С. 142-148. - 7. - ISSN 0026-2617
Примечания : Cited References: 17
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rodicheva E.K., Trubachev I.N., Medvedeva S.E., Egorova O.I. U - Shitova LYu
Заглавие : Growth and luminescence of luminous bacteria promoted by agents of microbial origin.
Место публикации : Journal of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. - 1993. - Vol. 8, Is. 6. - С. 293-299. - ISSN 08843996 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acid--carbohydrate--folic acid--luciferase--nitrogen--riboflavin--article--biosynthesis--culture medium--electron microscopy--growth, development and aging--kinetics--luminescence--metabolism--photobacterium--physiology--time--ultrastructure--vibrio--amino acids--carbohydrates--culture media--folic acid--kinetics--luciferase--luminescence--microscopy, electron--nitrogen--photobacterium--riboflavin--time factors--vibrio
Аннотация: The examination of four species of luminous bacteria Photobacterium leiognathi, Photobacterium phosphoreum, Vibrio fischeri and Vibrio harveyi has enabled us to reveal some nutrient medium components effecting growth, luminescence intensity and luciferase synthesis. These agents are nucleic components (nucleotides, nucleotides and amine bases), amino acids and vitamins, which are part of hydrolysates from the biomass of various lithotrophic microorganisms, hydrogen-oxidizing, iron-oxidizing and carboxydobacteria. The effect of promoting agents essentially alters the physiological state and ultrastructure of the cells of luminous bacteria and increases luciferase biosynthesis two- to three-fold compared to a control.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Vysotski E.S., Trofimov K.P., Bondar' V.S., Gitelson J.I.
Заглавие : Luminescence of Ca(2+)-activated photoprotein obelin initiated by NaOCl and MnCl2.
Место публикации : Journal of bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. - 1993. - Vol. 8, Is. 6. - С. 301-305. - ISSN 08843996 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): calcium--chloride--hypochlorite sodium--manganese chloride--manganese derivative--obelin--photoprotein--article--chemistry--drug effect--kinetics--luminescence--metabolism--calcium--chlorides--kinetics--luminescence--luminescent proteins--manganese compounds--sodium hypochlorite
Аннотация: The luminescence of obelin is initiated by NaOCl in a reaction mixture containing no calcium. The addition of Mn2+ enhances the light emission 300-fold. Sodium azide and histidine, as singlet oxygen quenchers, inhibit NaOCl-activated obelin luminescence in the presence or absence of Mn2+. This suggests that the addition of NaOCl to the mixture causes singlet oxygen formation (stimulated by Mn2+ ions), and singlet oxygen initiates the light-emitting reaction.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Volova T.G., Guseinov O.A., Kalacheva G.S., Medvedeva S.E., Puzyr A.A.
Заглавие : Effect of carbon monoxide on metabolism and ultrastructure of carboxydobacteria
Место публикации : World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. - 1993. - Vol. 9, Is. 2. - С. 160-163. - ISSN 09593993 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/BF00327827
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon monoxide--carboxydobacteria--cytochromes--hydrogenase--seliberia carboxydohydrogena
Аннотация: Growth of Seliberia carboxydohydrogena was inhibited by CO at 10 to 40% (v/v), resulting in increased substrate utilization and enhanced synthesis of cytochromes and cyclopropane and saturated fatty acids. The bacteria showed increased formation of new membrane structures, with pronounced folding of their cell walls. В© 1993 Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I. U - Okladnikov YuN
Заглавие : Man as a component of a closed ecological life support system
Место публикации : Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1994. - Vol. 1, Is. 2. - С. 73-81. - ISSN 10699422 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--oxygen--article--blood analysis--blood cell count--breathing--construction work and architectural phenomena--crop--diet--growth, development and aging--human--metabolism--microclimate--physiology--russian federation--space flight--standard--waste management--water supply--blood cell count--blood chemical analysis--carbon dioxide--crops, agricultural--diet--ecological systems, closed--environment, controlled--facility design and construction--humans--life support systems--oxygen--respiration--russia--space flight--waste management--water supply
Аннотация: Material support of all manned space flights so far has been provided from a prestored stock of substances or replenished from the Earth's biosphere. Exploration of space will, however, become real only when man is able to break away from Earth completely, when he will be accompanied by a system providing everything necessary to sustain full-valued life for an unlimited time. The only known system to date meeting this requirement is the Earth's biosphere. To break away from his cradle, as K.E. Tsiolkovsky called Earth, it is necessary to devise a life support system functionally similar to the natural biosphere. This need not be similar in structure to the vast diversity of trophic relationships available on Earth, but requires the solution of a multitude of various problems of an ecological, physiological, engineering and social-psychological nature. Human life-support systems based on biological regeneration of environments in small volumes have been studied at the Institute of Biophysics (Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) over many years. This work has resulted in the design of Bios-3, a biologically-based self-sustained human life support system.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gitelson J.I., Okladnikov Yu.N.
Заглавие : Consistency of gas exchange of man and plants in a closed ecological system: Lines of attack on the problem
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1996. - Vol. 18, Is. 1-2. - С. 205-210. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--oxygen--article--atmosphere--biological model--breathing--human--metabolism--microclimate--nutrition--photosynthesis--physiology--plant--plant physiology--atmosphere--carbon dioxide--ecological systems, closed--humans--models, biological--nutrition physiology--oxygen--photosynthesis--plant physiology--plants--respiration
Аннотация: Gas exchange between man and plants in a closed ecological system based on atmosphere regeneration by plant photosynthesis is made consistent by attaining the equilibrium of human CO2 discharge and the productivity of the gas consuming bioregenerator. In this case the gas exchange might be, however, qualitatively disturbed from the equilibrium in terms of oxygen making it accumulate or decrease continuously in the air of the system. Gas exchange equilibrium in terms of O2 was attained in long-term experiments by equality of the human respiration coefficient and the plant assimilation coefficient. Varying the ratio of these parameters it is possible to control the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere to be reclaimed.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sarangova A.B., Somova L.A., Pisman T.I.
Заглавие : Catalase activity as a potential indicator of the reducer component of small closed ecosystems
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1945-1948. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carboxymethylcellulose--catalase--animal--article--bacillus--bacterial count--chlorella--culture medium--enzymology--growth, development and aging--metabolism--microclimate--paramecium--animals--bacillus--carboxymethylcellulose--catalase--chlorella--colony count, microbial--culture media--ecological systems, closed--paramecium
Аннотация: Dynamics of catalase activity has been shown to reflect the growth curve of microorganisms in batch cultivation (celluloselythic bacteria Bacillus acidocaldarius and bacteria of the associated microflora Chlorella vulgaris). Gas and substrate closure of the three component ecosystems with spatially separated components "producer-consumer-reducer" (Chl. vulgaris-Paramecium caudatum-B. acidocaldarius, two bacterial strains isolated from the associated microflora Chl. vulgaris) demonstrated that the functioning of the reducer component can be estimated by the catalase activity of microorganisms of this component. В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Lisovsky G.M., Gitelson J.I., Shilenko M.P., Gribovskaya I.V., Trubachev I.N.
Заглавие : Direct utilization of human liquid wastes by plants in a closed ecosystem
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1801-1804. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fertilizer--nitrogen--sodium chloride--urea--article--biomass--culture medium--feasibility study--human--metabolism--methodology--microclimate--sewage--urine--waste management--wheat--biomass--culture media--ecological systems, closed--feasibility studies--fertilizers--humans--nitrogen--sodium chloride--triticum--urea--urine--waste disposal, fluid--waste management
Аннотация: Model experiments in phytotrons have shown that urea is able to cover 70% of the demand in nitrogen of the conveyer cultivated wheat. At the same time wheat plants can directly utilize human liquid wastes. In this article by human liquid wastes the authors mean human urine only. In a long-term experiment on "man-higher plants" system with two crewmen, plants covered 63 m2, with wheat planted to - 39.6 m2. For 103 days, complete human urine (total amount - 210.7 1) wassupplied into the nutrient solution for wheat. In a month and a half NaCl supply into the nutrient solution stabilized at 0.9-1.65 g/l. This salination had no marked effect on wheat production. The experiment revealed the realistic feasibility to directly involve liquid wastes into the biological turnover of the life support system. The closure of the system, in terms of water, increased by 15.7% and the supply of nutrients for wheat plants into the system was decreased. Closedness of biological turnover of matter in a man-made "man - higher plants" ecological system might involve, among other processes, direct utilization of human liquid wastes by plants. The amount of urine comprises 15-20% of the total amount of water cycling within the system including water as part of food, household, hygiene and potable water necessary for man. What is more, it they contains most nitrogen-bearing compounds emitted by man, almost all of the NaCl and some other substances involved in the biological turnover. Human liquid wastes can be utilized either by preliminary physical-chemical treatment (evaporating or freezing out the water, finally oxidizing the organic matter, isolating the mineral components required for plants, etc.) and further involvement of the obtained products or by direct application into the nutrient solution for plants. The challenge of direct utilization is that plants have no need of Na+ and Cl-, and also the organic forms of nitrogen emitted by man cannot fully meet the demand of plants forthis element. Besides, hygienic and/or psychological reasons make it desirable to avoid direct use of liquid wastes in the nutrient solutions that would have direct contact with edible part of plants (tubers, roots, bulbs). Feasibility of direct utilization of liquid wastes by plants in a closed "man - higher plants" ecosystem has been experimentally studied on wheat - grain culture as a model plant with the edible part in the form of seeds spatially dissociated with the nutrient medium. The wheat covered 60-65% of the area under higher plants. The studies have been carried out in "Bios-3"experimental facility described in detail elsewhere (Lisovsky, 1979; Gitelson et al., 1989). В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Salisbury F.B., Gitelson J.I., Lisovsky G.M.
Заглавие : Bios-3: Siberian experiments in bioregenerative life support
Место публикации : BioScience. - 1997. - Vol. 47, Is. 9. - С. 575-585. - ISSN 00063568 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): agriculture--chlorella--construction work and architectural phenomena--crop--energy metabolism--evaluation--growth, development and aging--human--metabolism--methodology--microbiology--microclimate--nasa discipline life support systems--non-nasa center--photon--review--russian federation--space flight--nasa discipline life support systems--non-nasa center--agriculture--chlorella--crops, agricultural--ecological systems, closed--energy metabolism--environment, controlled--environmental microbiology--evaluation studies--facility design and construction--humans--life support systems--photons--siberia--space flight--space simulation
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Somova L.A., Pechurkin N.S., Polonsky V.I., Pisman T.I., Sarangova A.B., Andre M., Sadovskaya G.M.
Заглавие : Plants-rhizospheric organisms interaction in a manmade system with and without biogenous element limitation
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 1939-1943. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): nitrogen--article--bacterial count--biomass--comparative study--culture medium--growth, development and aging--metabolism--microbiology--plant leaf--plant root--plant seed--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--wheat--biomass--colony count, microbial--culture media--nitrogen--plant leaves--plant roots--pseudomonas fluorescens--pseudomonas putida--seeds--triticum
Аннотация: The effect has been studied of inoculation of seeds of wheat with two species of rhizospheric microorganisms, -Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pseudomonas putida - on young plant growth with complete and with nitrogen deficit mineral nutrition. With complete mineral medium, plants grown from seeds inoculated with bacteria of Pseudomonas genus (experiment plants) have been found to have better growth over plants not inoculated with these bacteria (control plants). The experiment plants had increased transpiration and their biomass had higher organic nitrogen content. With nitrogen deficit medium, the plants inoculated with bacteria and those without them, have not revealed changes in growth. Neither case demonstrated competition of microorganisms with plants for nitrogen sources. В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Sarangova A.B., Somova L.A.
Заглавие : A new enzymatic technique to estimate the efficiency of microbial degradation of pollutants
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 1997. - Vol. 20, Is. 10. - С. 2049-2052. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): catalase--hydrogen peroxide--aerobic metabolism--article--bacterium--biomass--bioremediation--enzymology--metabolism--methodology--microbiology--sewage--waste management--water management--aerobiosis--bacteria--biodegradation, environmental--biomass--catalase--hydrogen peroxide--sewage--waste management--water microbiology--water purification
Аннотация: Dynamics of active sludge microorganism activity in aerotanks under chemostat conditions has been studied. Dependence of microorganism catalase activity has been found to depend on residual substrate concentration in proportion to the biomass of microorganisms. Experimental data and field observations has formed the basis to develop a technique to evaluate in relative units the amount of the substrate consumed by biocenosis of the active sludge in the air tanks of purification facilities. В© 1997 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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