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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Savvichev A.S., Rusanov I.I., Rogozin D.Yu., Zakharova E.E., Lunina O.N., Bryantseva I.A., Yusupov S.K., Pimenov N.V., Degermendzhi A.G., Ivanov M.V.
Заглавие : Microbiological and isotopic-geochemical investigations of meromictic lakes in Khakasia in winter
Место публикации : Mikrobiologiya. - 2005. - Vol. 74, Is. 4. - С. 552-561. - ISSN 00263656 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): meromictic water bodies--microbial production and oxidation of methane--photosynthesis--stable isotopes of carbon (? 13c) and sulfur (? 34s)--sulfate reduction--bacteria (microorganisms)--chlorobi--chromatiaceae--lamprocystis purpurea--pelodictyon luteolum--photobacteria--carbon--fresh water--methane--sulfate--sulfur--article--bacterial phenomena and functions--bacterium--comparative study--isolation and purification--metabolism--microbiology--oxidation reduction reaction--photosynthesis--russian federation--season--species difference--bacteria--bacterial physiology--carbon isotopes--fresh water--methane--oxidation-reduction--photosynthesis--seasons--siberia--species specificity--sulfates--sulfur isotopes--water microbiology
Аннотация: Microbiological and isotopic-geochemical investigations of the brackish meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet were performed in the steppe region of Khakasia in winter. Measurements made with a submersed sensor demonstrated that one-meter ice transmits light in a quantity sufficient for oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis. As in the summer season, in the community of phototrophic bacteria found in Lake Shira, the purple sulfur bacteria Amoebobacter purpureus dominated, whereas, in Lake Shunet, the green sulfur bacteria Pelodictyon luteolum were predominant. Photosynthetic production, measured using the radioisotopic method, was several times lower than that in summer. The rates of sulfate reduction and production and oxidation of methane in the water column and bottom sediments were also lower than those recorded in summer. The process of anaerobic methane oxidation in the sediments was an exception, being more intense in winter than in summer. The data from radioisotopic measurements of the rates of microbial processes correlate well with the results of determination of the isotopic composition of organic and mineral carbon (? 13C) and hydrogen sulfide and sulfate (? 34S) and suggest considerable seasonal variations in the activity of the microbial community in the water bodies investigated.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Savvichev A.S., Rusanov I.I., Rogozin D.Yu., Zakharova E.E., Lunina O.N., Bryantseva I.A., Yusupov S.K., Pimenov N.V., Degermendzhi A.G., Ivanov M.V.
Заглавие : Microbiological and isotopic-geochemical investigations of meromictic lakes in Khakasia in winter
Место публикации : Microbiology. - 2005. - Vol. 74, Is. 4. - С. 477-485. - ISSN 00262617 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s11021-005-0092-x
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): meromictic water bodies--microbial production and oxidation of methane--photosynthesis--stable isotopes of carbon (?13c) and sulfur (?34s)--sulfate reduction--chlorobi--chromatiaceae--lamprocystis purpurea--pelodictyon luteolum--photobacteria
Аннотация: Microbiological and isotopic-geochemical investigations of the brackish meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet were performed in the steppe region of Khakasia in winter. Measurements made with a submersed sensor demonstrated that one-meter ice transmits light in a quantity sufficient for oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis. As in the summer season, in the community of phototrophic bacteria found in Lake Shira, the purple sulfur bacteria Amoebobacter purpureus dominated, whereas, in Lake Shunet, the green sulfur bacteria Pelodictyon luteolum were predominant. Photosynthetic production, measured using the radioisotopic method, was several times lower than that in summer. The rates of sulfate reduction and production and oxidation of methane in the water column and bottom sediments were also lower than those recorded in summer. The process of anaerobic methane oxidation in the sediments was an exception, being more intense in winter than in summer. The data from radioisotopic measurements of the rates of microbial processes correlate well with the results of determination of the isotopic composition of organic and mineral carbon (?13C) and hydrogen sulfide and sulfate (?34S) and suggest considerable seasonal variations in the activity of the microbial community in the water bodies investigated. В© 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rogozin D.Y., Trusova M.Y., Khromechek E.B., Degermendzhy A.G.
Заглавие : Microbial community of the chemocline of the meromictic Lake Shunet (Khakassia, Russia) during summer stratification
Место публикации : Microbiology. - 2010. - Vol. 79, Is. 2. - С. 253-261. - ISSN 00262617 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0026261710020189
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chemocline--cyanobacteria--green sulfur bacteria--meromictic lakes--microstratification--pcr-dgge--phytoflagellates--purple sulfur bacteria--bacteria (microorganisms)--chlorobi--chromatiaceae--cryptomonas--cyanobacteria--lamprocystis purpurea--phytomastigophorea--proteobacteria--synechococcus
Аннотация: The spatio-temporal organization of the bacterial community inhabiting the chemocline of the stratified meromictic Lake Shunet (Khakassia, Russia) was investigated from May to September 2005 by means of microscopy, analysis of photosynthetic pigments, and PCR-DGGE with subsequent 16S rDNA analysis. The samples were collected with a multisyringe stratification sampler, sampling being performed every 5 cm. It was demonstrated that, during the period of investigation, there were no large changes in the bacterial community of the chlemocline, at least among the detected forms. During the whole period of study, purple sulfur bacteria related to Lamprocystis purpurea (Chromatiaceae) were predominant in the chemocline. Beneath the layer of purple bacteria, green sulfur bacteria were revealed that were phylogenetically distant from strain ShNPel02, which was previously isolated from this lake. Development of phytoflagellates of the genus Cryptomonas was observed in the upper zone of the chemocline. In the chemocline of Lake Shunet, the numbers of picoplankton cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus increased from May to September. It was demonstrated that the application of universal bacterial primers for DGGE resulted in the same qualitative distributional pattern of predominant species as microscopic studies. В© Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2010.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Anishchenko O.V., Komakov V.I., Gladyshev M.I.
Заглавие : Research of the meteorological factors influence on the fluorescence measurements of subsurface phytoplankton in blooming reservoir
Место публикации : Doklady Akademii Nauk. - 2004. - Vol. 397, Is. 1. - С. 124-127. - ISSN 08695652 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacteria--fluorescence--meteorological problems--precipitation (meteorology)--reservoirs (water)--solar radiation--wind effects--meteorological effects--algae
Аннотация: The reaction of algae and cyano-bacteria photosynthetic apparatus on atmospheric sediments, incident solar radiation and wind velocity was estimated by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence using three-beam fluorescent diagnostics. As shown, wind in the spring positively affects the chlorophyll concentration but causes negative effect on phytoplankton photosynthetic activity in other seasons. Under conditions of high-intensity solar irradiation confervoid and colonial cyanobacteria, possessing gas vacuoles, have an advantage over plankton eukaryotic algae. Other response differences weren't observed.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakov V.I., Gladyshev M.I.
Заглавие : Growth and potential photosynthesis of cyanobacteria are stimulated by viable gut passage in crucian carp
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2003. - Vol. 37, Is. 3. - С. 237-242. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1025801326088
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carassius auratus--cyanobacteria--gut passage--cyanobacterium--growth rate--photosynthesis--russian federation--anabaena--anabaena flos-aquae--aphanizomenon--aphanizomenon flos-aquae--carassius auratus--carassius carassius--cyanobacteria--cyprinus carpio--flos--microcystis--microcystis aeruginosa--planktothrix--planktothrix agardhii
Аннотация: Growth and potential photosynthetic activity of phytoplankton passed through intestine of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) from a small Siberian reservoir were compared with those of phytoplankton taken the directly from the reservoir. The dominant phytoplankton species in the reservoir, Microcystis aeruginosa, showed a significant increase of growth after the passage. Subdominant Planktothrix agardhii also showed an increase in growth rate, while subdominants Anabaena flos-aquae and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae were not stimulated by the gut passage.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Emelianova A.Y., Kalachova G.S., Zotina T.A., Gaevsky N.A., Zhilenkov M.D.
Заглавие : Gut content analysis of Gammarus lacustris from a Siberian lake using biochemical and biophysical methods
Место публикации : Hydrobiologia. - 2000. - Vol. 431, Is. 2-3. - С. 155-163. - ISSN 00188158 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chlorophyll fluorescence--fatty acid composition--viable gut passage--crustacean--diet--saline lake--seston--stomach content--russian federation
Аннотация: We studied the gut contents of Gammarus lacustris from the littoral of Shira lake, a Siberian salt lake, by microscopic analysis in conjunction with measuring of fluorescence of chlorophyll and composition of fatty acids. Gammarus ingested primarily fresh seston, probably settled on the bottom. Additionally, the amphipods obtained essential polyunsaturated fatty acids of ?3 family by selectively consuming bottom sediment particles. A considerable part of the ingested seston comprised cells of Botryococcus sp., which passed the intestinal tract in living form and their photosynthetic activity increased. This viable gut passage was likely one of the causes of bloom of Botryococcus in the littoral. Unlike a number of literature data, there was no selective digestion of any fatty acid species, including polyunsaturated acids, in the intestinal tract.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ushakova S., Tikhomirov A., Shikhov V., Kudenko Yu., Anischenko O., Gros J.-B., Lasseur Ch.
Заглавие : Increased BLSS closure using mineralized human waste in plant cultivation on a neutral substrate
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2009. - Vol. 44, Is. 8. - С. 971-978. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2009.06.003
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biological life support system--crops--human waste recycling--hydroponics--biological life support system--biological life support systems--biological productivity--control experiments--control plants--environmental conditions--expanded clay--human waste--human waste recycling--hydroponics--in-plants--macro element--mineral element--neutral solution--nutrient solution--photosynthetic apparatus--pisum sativum--plant growth--scale potential--spring wheat--triticum aestivum--vegetation periods--water extracts--wheat straws--clay minerals--crops--minerals--mining--nutrients--pilot plants--plant life extension--potassium--productivity--recycling--solvent extraction--vegetation--water content--plant shutdowns
Аннотация: The purpose of this work was to study the full-scale potential use of human mineralized waste (feces and urine) as a source of mineral elements for plant cultivation in a biological life support system (BLSS). Plants that are potential candidates for a photosynthesizing link were grown on a neutral solution containing human mineralized waste. Spring wheat Triticum aestivum L., peas Pisum sativum L. Ambrosia cultivar and leaf lettuce Lactuca sativa L., Vitaminny variety, were used. The plants were grown hydroponically on expanded clay aggregates in a vegetation chamber in constant environmental conditions. During plant growth, a determined amount of human mineralized waste was added daily to the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution remained unchanged throughout the vegetation period. Estimated plant requirements for macro-elements were based on a total biological productivity of 0.04 kg day-1 m-2. As the plant requirements for potassium exceeded the potassium content of human waste, a water extract of wheat straw containing the required amount of potassium was added to the nutrient solution. The Knop's solution was used in the control experiments. The experimental and control plants showed no significant differences in state or productivity of their photosynthetic apparatus. A small decrease in total productivity of the experimental plants was observed, which might result in some reduction of O{cyrillic}2 production in a BLSS. В© 2009 COSPAR.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ushakova S.A., Tikhomirov A.A., Shikhov V.N., Gros J.-B., Golovko T.K., Dal'Ke I.V., Zakhozhii I.G.
Заглавие : Tolerance of wheat and lettuce plants grown on human mineralized waste to high temperature stress
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2013. - Vol. 51, Is. 11. - С. 2075-2083. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2013.01.017
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): air temperature step--blss--heat resistance--human waste recycling--lettuce--wheat--air temperature--blss--human waste--lettuce--wheat--atmospheric temperature--electromagnetic field effects--electromagnetic fields--gas plants--heat resistance--oxygen supply--plants (botany)--productivity--specific heat--thermal stress--waste utilization--plant shutdowns
Аннотация: The main objective of a life support system for space missions is to supply a crew with food, water and oxygen, and to eliminate their wastes. The ultimate goal is to achieve the highest degree of closure of the system using controlled processes offering a high level of reliability and flexibility. Enhancement of closure of a biological life support system (BLSS) that includes plants relies on increased regeneration of plant waste, and utilization of solid and liquid human wastes. Clearly, the robustness of a BLSS subjected to stress will be substantially determined by the robustness of the plant components of the phototrophic unit. The aim of the present work was to estimate the heat resistance of two plants (wheat and lettuce) grown on human wastes. Human exometabolites mineralized by hydrogen peroxide in an electromagnetic field were used to make a nutrient solution for the plants. We looked for a possible increase in the heat tolerance of the wheat plants using changes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity during heat stress. At age 15 days, plants were subjected to a rise in air temperature (from 23 В± 1 В°C to 44 В± 1 В°) under different PAR intensities for 4 h. The status of the photosynthetic apparatus of the plants was assessed by external 2 gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. The increased irradiance of the plants during the high temperature period demonstrated its protective action for both the photosynthetic apparatus of the leaves and subsequent plant growth and development. The productivity of the plants subjected to temperature changes at 250 W m-2 of PAR did not differ from that of controls, whereas the productivity of the plants subjected to the same heat stress but in darkness was halved. В© 2012 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (выпуск продолж. издания)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Shikhov V.N., Gros J.-B., Golovko T.K., Dal'Ke I.V., Zakhozhii I.G.
Заглавие : Tolerance of plants grown on human mineralized waste to changes in air temperature
Место публикации : International Astronautical Federation - 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008. - 2008. - Vol. 1: 59th International Astronautical Congress 2008, IAC 2008 (29 September 2008 through 3 October 2008, Glasgow) Conference code: 79748. - С. 311-320
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): air temperature--alternating electromagnetic field--biological life support systems--closedness--controlled process--fluorescence measurements--gas exchange--heat stress--high temperature--human waste--nutrient solution--old plants--photosynthetic apparatus--photosynthetically active radiation--plant components--plant growth--plant wastes--protective action--reproductive organs--temperature changes--temperature conditions--atmospheric temperature--electromagnetic field effects--electromagnetic fields--gas plants--heat resistance--hydrogen peroxide--oxygen supply--plant life extension--productivity--specific heat--thermal stress--waste utilization--plant shutdowns
Аннотация: The main objective of an LSS is to supply a crew with food, water and oxygen, and to eliminate its waste. The ultimate goal is to achieve the highest degree of closure of the system using controlled processes offering a high level of reliability and flexibility. Enhancement of closedness of biological life support systems (BLSS) including plants relies on increased regeneration of gas, water and plant waste, and utilization of solid and liquid human wastes. Clearly, the robustness of an LSS subjected to stress will be substantially determined by the robustness of the plant components of the phototrophic unit. The aim of the present work was to estimate the heat resistance of plants grown on human wastes. Human exometabolites mineralized by hydrogen peroxide in an alternating electromagnetic field were used to make a nutrient solution for the plants. We looked for a possible increase in the heat resistance of the plants using changes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensity during heat stress. At ages 15 and 25 days, plants were subjected to a rise in air temperature (from 22-24В°C to 44В°C) under different PAR intensities for 4 hours. The status of the photosynthetic apparatus of the plants was assessed by external CO2 gas exchange and fluorescence measurements. The increased irradiance of the plants during the high temperature period demonstrated its protective action for both the photosynthetic apparatus of the leaves and subsequent plant growth and development. The productivity of the plants subjected to temperature changes at 250 W/m2 of PAR did not differ from that of controls, whereas the productivity of the plants subjected to the same heat stress but in darkness was halved. The heat resistance of the reproductive organs of 25-day-old plants was significantly lower than that of 15-day-old plants subjected to similar light and temperature conditions.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Ushakova S.A., Velichko V.V., Zolotukhin I.G., Shklavtsova E.S., Lasseur C., Golovko T.K.
Заглавие : Estimation of the stability of the photosynthetic unit in the bioregenerative life support system with plant wastes included in mass exchange
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 2008. - Vol. 63, Is. 7-10. - С. 1111-1118. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2007.12.025
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): blss--mass exchange--plant wastes--agricultural products--air pollution--biological materials--biomass--environmental engineering--estimation--experiments--human engineering--incineration--renewable energy resources--space research--substrates--system stability--bioregenerative--life-support systems--mass exchanges--plant biomass--plant productivity--plant wastes--radish plants--significant reduction--soil like substrates--wheat straws--waste incineration
Аннотация: The purpose of this study is to estimate the possible effect produced on plant productivity by inedible plant biomass added to soil-like substrate (SLS). Results of the experiments with radish plants grown on the SLS with inedible biomass of carrot and beet plants added in the amounts roughly equal to their yields harvested from the same area showed a significant reduction in productivity of radish plants. The yield of radish plants grown on the SLS with added radish tops was almost the same as the yield of the radish grown on the neutral substrate. Experiments with addition of dry wheat straw to the SLS and growing of wheat and radish plants on that substrate also showed that the productivity of the plants grown in that way was decreased. Attempts to negate the adverse effect of plant wastes proved that the most effective way was to mineralize the wastes using the technique of "wet incineration". В© 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Nesterenko T.V., Tikhomirov A.A., Shikhov V.N.
Заглавие : Chlorophyll fluorescence induction and estimation of plant resistance to stress factors
Место публикации : Zhurnal Obshchei Biologii. - 2007. - Vol. 68, Is. 6. - С. 444-458. - ISSN 00444596 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chlorophyll--adaptation--cucumber--fluorescence--growth, development and aging--metabolism--physiology--plant leaf--review--adaptation, physiological--chlorophyll--cucumis sativus--fluorescence--plant leaves--cucumis sativus
Аннотация: The usage of chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI) for estimating various types of plant resistance (primary, general, initial, adaptive) to stress factors is reviewed. The necessity of ontogenetic approach (considering the age-specific properties of the photosynthetic apparatus) in determining general and adaptive resistance of plants to prolonged action of stress factors by the CFI method is argued. In the plant Cucumbis sativus L., the possibility is shown of using age-specific qualitative and quantitative traits of leaf CFI (changes in the shape of chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves and in the dynamics of CFI parameters in the course of leaf ontogeny) for comparative study of differences between fully active and stressed plants. Possible criteria are suggested for estimating the effect of outer stress factors by the presence or absence of a steady-state phase in the dynamics of CFI parameters during leaf ontogeny. It is also suggested to use the duration of the steady-state phase following the termination of leaf growth (estimated by the dynamics of the slow phase of CFI as the ratio of fluorescence intensity at the peak P and the steady-state fluorescence intensity, FP/FS, or as the viability index Rfd) and the variability of CFI parameters during this period as qualitative estimates of plant resistance to prolonged action of stress factors.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Nesterenko T.V., Tikhomirov A.A., Shikhov V.N.
Заглавие : Ontogenetic approach to the assessment of plant resistance to prolonged stress using chlorophyll fluorescence induction method
Место публикации : Photosynthetica. - 2006. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - С. 321-332. - ISSN 03003604 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s11099-006-0031-8
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): leaf age--photosystems 1 and 2--radiation colour--specific leaf growth rate
Аннотация: The review deals with objective reasons that limit the use of chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics (Chl FIK) method in plant ecology. Based on the ontogenetic approach (analysis and comparison of the dynamics of the Chl fluorescence ratio Fp/Fs and physiological characteristics of plant leaves in ontogeny) possible criteria for the estimation of general plant resistance of photosynthetic apparatus (PSA) to prolonged stress affects are proposed. One of these criteria is the presence or absence of a steady-state phase in the dynamics of Chl fluorescence ratio Fp/Fs (or Rfd) of plant leaves after they stop growing. We also propose to use the duration of the steady-state phase and variability of Chl fluorescence ratios Rfd and Fp/Fs in this period for quantitative assessment of plant PSA resistance to prolonged stress during plant leaf ontogeny.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Nesterenko T.V., Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : Ontogenetic approach in fluorescence studies of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants under stress
Место публикации : Biophysics. - 2005. - Vol. 50, Is. 2. - С. 314-319. - ISSN 00063509 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chlorophyll fluorescence--leaf--ontogeny--stress--cucumis sativus
Аннотация: The causes that limit the applicability of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction method to evaluating the state of the photosynthetic apparatus of leaves under long-term stress were analyzed. It was substantiated that it is necessary to use an ontogenetic approach, which consists in more accurately taking into account the age state of the plant leaves studied. Comparison of the calendar and ontogenetic methods for determining the leaf age by the example of cucumber plant under controlled conditions revealed significant differences in the results of evaluating the photosynthetic apparatus of plant leaves by the chlorophyll fluorescence induction method in two variants with contrasting illumination conditions (in white light at 400-700 nm and in stressful red light at 600-700 nm). It was shown that, under long-term stress, the unequivocal interpretation of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction parameters in evaluating the photosynthetic apparatus of plants depends significantly on the choice of the ontogeny period of the leaves of plants being compared and on the accuracy of determining their age. Copyright В© 2005 by MAIK "Nauka/Interperiodica".
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (выпуск монографической серии)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gros J.-B., Lasseur C., Tikhomirov A.A., Manukovsky N.S., Ushakova S.A., Zolotukhin I.G., Tirranen L.S., Borodina E.V., Kovalev V.S.
Заглавие : Wheat growth on neutral and soil-like substrates: Carbon dioxide exchange and microflora
Место публикации : Acta Horticulturae. - 2004. - Vol. 644. - С. 243-248
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon dioxide--closed ecological system
Аннотация: The soil-like substrate (SLS), which is a potential candidate for employment in closed ecological systems, has been tested. CO2 exchange, composition and numbers of soil microflora have been examined in .wheat-SLS. system. The results produced have been compared to analogous characteristics of .wheat-neutral substrate. system. A hydroponic method was used under wheat growing on the neutral substrate (expanded clay aggregate). Plants for both studies were grown in closed environment from seed to physiological maturity. In the .wheat-SLS. system, the net photosynthetic rate of canopy was positive in the course of 6.55 days after planting. The net photosynthetic rate of canopy in .wheat-neutral substrate. system was positive in the entire course of vegetation. According to calculations in the course of vegetation, photosynthesis has withdrawn 3.28 kg m-2 CO2 from the .wheat-SLS. system and 3.40 kg m-2 CO2 from the .wheat-neutral substrate. system. On the SLS dominant among bacteria were the spore-forming bacteria from Bacillus genus, among fungi . from Trichoderma genus. In the hydroponic cultivation on neutral substrate dominant were bacteria from Pseudomonas genus, most commonly found fungi were species from Fusarium and Botrytis genera.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gros J.B., Poughon L., Lasseur C., Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : Recycling efficiencies of C,H,O,N,S, and P elements in a biological life support system based on micro-organisms and higher plants
Место публикации : Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 1. - С. 195-199. - ISSN 02731177 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(02)00739-1
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): biomass--biosynthesis--chemical elements--earth atmosphere--ecosystems--life support systems (spacecraft)--manned space flight--microorganisms--plants (botany)--wastes--compartments--space research--carbon--carbon dioxide--hydrogen--nitrogen--oxygen--phosphorus--sulfur--space technology--article--biological model--biomass--chemistry--comparative study--computer simulation--growth, development and aging--metabolism--methodology--microbiology--microclimate--plant--waste management--biomass--carbon--carbon dioxide--computer simulation--ecological systems, closed--environmental microbiology--hydrogen--life support systems--models, biological--nitrogen--oxygen--phosphorus--plants, edible--sulfur--waste management
Аннотация: MELiSSA is a microorganism based artificial ecosystem conceived as a tool for understanding the behavior of ecosystems and developing the technology for future Manned Space Missions. MELiSSA is composed of four compartments colonized by the microorganisms required by the function of this ecosystem : breakdown of waste produced by men, regeneration of atmosphere and biosynthesis of edible biomass. This paper reports the mass balance description of a Biological Life Support System composed of the MELiSSA loop and of a Higher Plant Compartment working in parallel with the photosynthetic Spirulina compartment producing edible biomass. The recycling efficiencies of the system are determined and compared for various working conditions of the MELiSSA loop with or without the HPC. В© 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd on behalf of COSPAR.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Nesterenko T.V., Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : An ontogenetic approach to the assessment of plant resistance to stress factors based on the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction.
Место публикации : Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics. - 2003. - Vol. 388. - С. 4-7. - ISSN 16076729 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chlorophyll--adaptation--aging--article--comparative study--cucumber--light--metabolism--methodology--photostimulation--photosynthesis--physiology--plant leaf--radiation dose--radiation exposure--spectrofluorometry--adaptation, physiological--aging--chlorophyll--cucumis sativus--light--photic stimulation--photosynthetic reaction center complex proteins--plant leaves--radiation dosage--spectrometry, fluorescence
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Ushakova S.A., Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : Tolerance of LSS plant component to elevated temperatures
Место публикации : Acta Astronautica. - 2002. - Vol. 50, Is. 12. - С. 759-764. - ISSN 00945765 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(02)00010-3
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): metabolism--photosynthesis--rate constants--thermal effects--thermoanalysis--thermal tolerance--life support systems (spacecraft)--carbon dioxide--adaptation--article--brassicaceae--comparative study--heat--instrumentation--light--metabolism--microclimate--photosynthesis--physiology--plant physiology--wheat--adaptation, physiological--brassicaceae--carbon dioxide--ecological systems, closed--heat--life support systems--light--photosynthesis--plant physiology--triticum
Аннотация: Stability of LSS based on biological regeneration of water, air and food subject to damaging factors is largely dependent on the behavior of the photosynthesizing component represented, mainly, by higher plants. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tolerance of uneven-aged wheat and radish cenoses to temperature effects different in time and value. Estimation of thermal tolerance of plants demonstrated that exposure for 20 h to the temperature increasing to 45В°C brought about irreversible damage both in photosynthetic processes (up to 80% of initial value) and the processes of growth and development. Kinetics of visible photosynthesis during exposure to elevated temperatures can be used to evaluate critical exposure time within the range of which the damage of metabolic processes is reversible. With varying light intensity and air temperature it is possible to find a time period admissible for the plants to stay under adverse conditions without considerable damage of metabolic processes. В© 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Tikhomirov A.A., Lisovskii G.M.
Заглавие : The levels of organization of the photosynthetic apparatus and the control of production processes in phytocenoses under artificial-light culture
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. - 2001. - Vol. 48, Is. 3. - С. 395-399. - ISSN 10214437 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1023/A:1016682904411
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): artificial-light culture--photosynthetic apparatus--phytocenosis--productivity--embryophyta
Аннотация: The processes limiting the production in higher plant phytocenoses under an artificial-light culture are analyzed in relation to the multilevel organization of the photosynthetic apparatus (PA). The authors consider the feasibility of overcoming these limitations by optimizing the physical parameters of irradiation (the structure of the light spectrum, the rate, and the ratio of radiation fluxes in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and infrared (IR) regions) at the molecular, leaf, plant, and cenotic levels of PA organization. To illustrate this approach, the authors used a complex experiment in an artificial ecosystem to evaluate the efficiency of the light control of production processes in multispecies phytocenoses by alleviating or removing the factors that limit plant production at the various levels of PA organization. An artificial-light culture is seen as an instrument for solving several problems of theoretical and applied plant physiology and related disciplines in the future.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zavorueva E.N., Ushakova S.A., Volkova E.K., Tikhomirov A.A., Mogil'naya O.A., Medvedeva S.E.
Заглавие : Fine chloroplast structure in cucumber and pea leaves developed under red light
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. - 2000. - Vol. 47, Is. 6. - С. 740-747. - ISSN 10214437 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): cucumis sativus--pigments--pisum sativum--red light--ultrastructure
Аннотация: Photosynthetic activity, the content of various photosynthetic pigments, and the chloroplast ultrastructure were examined in the leaves of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants of different ages grown under red light (600-700 nm, 100 W/m2). In pea leaves tolerant to red-light irradiation, chloroplast ultrastructure did not essentially change. In the first true leaves of cucumber plants susceptible to red-light irradiation, we observed a considerable increase in the number and size of plastoglobules, the appearance of chloroplasts lacking grana or containing only infrequent grana, and stromal thylakoids. In the upper leaves of 22-day-old cucumber plants, the chloroplast structure was essentially similar to that of the control chloroplasts in white light, and we therefore suppose that these plants have acclimated to red light.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Zavorueva E.N., Nesterenko T.V., Volkova E.K., Tikhomirov A.A.
Заглавие : Photosynthetic apparatus of cucumber and pea plants grown under red light with discrete or continuous spectra
Место публикации : Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. - 1996. - Vol. 43, Is. 2. - С. 191-199. - ISSN 10214437 (ISSN)
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): and thermoinduced changes in fluorescence yield--cucumis sativum--photo--photophosphorylation--pigments--pisum sativum
Аннотация: The effect of light sources with discrete or continuous spectra of red light (50 W/m2, 600-700 nm) on the structural and functional characteristics of chloroplasts were studied in leaves of cucumber (Cucumis sativum L.) plants, which die under strong red light, and pea (Pisum sativum L.) plants, which tolerate red light under the same conditions. Leaf condition was assessed by measuring thermo-and photoinduced changes in the chlorophyll fluorescence yield and the photochemical and photophosphorylating activities of the chloroplasts. Different responses of the pigment apparatus of pea and cucumber plants to red light with continuous or line spectra were revealed. Pea plants responded to discrete-spectrum light by changing P700 content, the ratio of antenna chlorophyll to P700, and the position of the low-temperature peak of the temperature-induced chlorophyll fluorescence yield. In cucumber plants, disturbances in the energy transfer from the short-wavelength pigments to chlorophyll a were observed. In both plants, the effects of line spectrum light on the pigment apparatus were reversible; the ratio of cyclic to noncyclic photophosphorylation, photosynthetic control, and the extent of the coupling of photosynthetic electron transport to photophosphorylation did not change compared to the control light. The need for examining the line spectra of light sources for growing plants under moderate intensities of artificial light (about 50 W/m2 of photosynthetically active radiation) is discussed.
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