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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Schartau A. K., Mariash H. L., Christoffersen K. S., Bogan D., Dubovskaya O. P., Fefilova E. B., Hayden B., Ingvason H. R., Ivanova E. A., Kononova O. N., Kravchuk E. S., Lento J., Majaneva M., Novichkova A. A., Rautio M., Ruhland K. M., Shaftel R., Smol J. P., Vrede T., Kahilainen K. K.
Заглавие : First circumpolar assessment of Arctic freshwater phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity: Spatial patterns and environmental factors
Место публикации : Freshw. Biol.: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2021. - Article in press. - ISSN 00465070 (ISSN), DOI 10.1111/fwb.13783
Аннотация: Arctic freshwaters are facing multiple environmental pressures, including rapid climate change and increasing land-use activities. Freshwater plankton assemblages are expected to reflect the effects of these stressors through shifts in species distributions and changes to biodiversity. These changes may occur rapidly due to the short generation times and high dispersal capabilities of both phyto- and zooplankton. Spatial patterns and contemporary trends in plankton diversity throughout the circumpolar region were assessed using data from more than 300 lakes in the U.S.A. (Alaska), Canada, Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to assess spatial patterns of plankton diversity focusing on pelagic communities; (2) to assess dominant component of ? diversity (turnover or nestedness); (3) to identify which environmental factors best explain diversity; and (4) to provide recommendations for future monitoring and assessment of freshwater plankton communities across the Arctic region. Phytoplankton and crustacean zooplankton diversity varied substantially across the Arctic and was positively related to summer air temperature. However, for zooplankton, the positive correlation between summer temperature and species numbers decreased with increasing latitude. Taxonomic richness was lower in the high Arctic compared to the sub- and low Arctic for zooplankton but this pattern was less clear for phytoplankton. Fennoscandia and inland regions of Russia represented hotspots for, respectively, phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity, whereas isolated regions had lower taxonomic richness. Ecoregions with high ? diversity generally also had high ? diversity, and turnover was the most important component of ? diversity in all ecoregions. For both phytoplankton and zooplankton, climatic variables were the most important environmental factors influencing diversity patterns, consistent with previous studies that examined shorter temperature gradients. However, barriers to dispersal may have also played a role in limiting diversity on islands. A better understanding of how diversity patterns are determined by colonisation history, environmental variables, and biotic interactions requires more monitoring data with locations dispersed evenly across the circumpolar Arctic. Furthermore, the importance of turnover in regional diversity patterns indicates that more extensive sampling is required to fully characterise the species pool of Arctic lakes. © 2021 The Authors. Freshwater Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Schartau, Ann Kristin, Mariash, Heather L., Christoffersen, Kirsten S., Bogan, Daniel, Dubovskaya, Olga P., Fefilova, Elena B., Hayden, Brian, Ingvason, Haraldur R., Ivanova, Elena A., Kononova, Olga N., Kravchuk, Elena S., Lento, Jennifer, Majaneva, Markus, Novichkova, Anna A., Rautio, Milla, Ruhland, Kathleen M., Shaftel, Rebecca, Smol, John P., Vrede, Tobias, Kahilainen, Kimmo K.
Заглавие : First circumpolar assessment of Arctic freshwater phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity: Spatial patterns and environmental factors
Колич.характеристики :18 с
Коллективы : RFBRRussian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) [20-04-00145_a]
Место публикации : Freshw. Biol.: WILEY, 2021. - Article in press. - ISSN 0046-5070, DOI 10.1111/fwb.13783. - ISSN 1365-2427(eISSN)
Примечания : Cited References:78. - RFBR, Grant/Award Number: 20-04-00145_a
Предметные рубрики: HIGH-LATITUDE LAKES
CLIMATE-CHANGE
SPECIES RICHNESS
BETA DIVERSITY
Аннотация: Arctic freshwaters are facing multiple environmental pressures, including rapid climate change and increasing land-use activities. Freshwater plankton assemblages are expected to reflect the effects of these stressors through shifts in species distributions and changes to biodiversity. These changes may occur rapidly due to the short generation times and high dispersal capabilities of both phyto- and zooplankton. Spatial patterns and contemporary trends in plankton diversity throughout the circumpolar region were assessed using data from more than 300 lakes in the U.S.A. (Alaska), Canada, Greenland, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to assess spatial patterns of plankton diversity focusing on pelagic communities; (2) to assess dominant component of beta diversity (turnover or nestedness); (3) to identify which environmental factors best explain diversity; and (4) to provide recommendations for future monitoring and assessment of freshwater plankton communities across the Arctic region. Phytoplankton and crustacean zooplankton diversity varied substantially across the Arctic and was positively related to summer air temperature. However, for zooplankton, the positive correlation between summer temperature and species numbers decreased with increasing latitude. Taxonomic richness was lower in the high Arctic compared to the sub- and low Arctic for zooplankton but this pattern was less clear for phytoplankton. Fennoscandia and inland regions of Russia represented hotspots for, respectively, phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity, whereas isolated regions had lower taxonomic richness. Ecoregions with high alpha diversity generally also had high beta diversity, and turnover was the most important component of beta diversity in all ecoregions. For both phytoplankton and zooplankton, climatic variables were the most important environmental factors influencing diversity patterns, consistent with previous studies that examined shorter temperature gradients. However, barriers to dispersal may have also played a role in limiting diversity on islands. A better understanding of how diversity patterns are determined by colonisation history, environmental variables, and biotic interactions requires more monitoring data with locations dispersed evenly across the circumpolar Arctic. Furthermore, the importance of turnover in regional diversity patterns indicates that more extensive sampling is required to fully characterise the species pool of Arctic lakes.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kalugin I. A., Darin A. V., Babich V. V., Markovich T. I., Rakshun Y. V., Darin F. A., Sorokoletov D. S., Rogozin D. Y.
Заглавие : Indicators of Oxic and Anoxic Conditions in the System of the Current Sedimentation of Saline Lake Shira (Khakassia), According to High-Resolution SR XRF Data on Bottom Sediments Frozen In Situ
Место публикации : Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci. Phys.: Pleiades Publishing, 2019. - Vol. 83, Is. 2. - С. 198-203. - ISSN 10628738 (ISSN) , DOI 10.3103/S1062873819020163
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fluorescence--geochemistry--lakes--lithology--terahertz waves--x rays--annual variations--anoxic conditions--bottom sediments--geochemical indicators--hydrological regime--quantitative estimates--terahertz radiation--x ray fluorescence--oxic sediments
Аннотация: Abstract: Frozen upper layers of the bottom sediment of Lake Shira are selected using special sampling equipment. Frozen samples and solid samples prepared from the upper layers of a sediment core are examined by means of X-ray fluorescence at the Local and Scanning X-Ray Fluorescence Elemental Analysis Station of the Siberian Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation Center’s Shared Resource Center. Analytical data on the initial frozen and processed solid samples demonstrate the good repeatability of the results. Quantitative estimates of the sedimentation regimes are obtained, and geochemical indicators of the change in redox conditions are determined from the analysis data. Lithological and geochemical records are synchronized with regional seasonal and annual variations in weather and climate, and with the hydrological regime of the lake for the last 50 years. © 2019, Allerton Press, Inc.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Simoncelli S., Kirillin G., Tolomeev A. P., Grossart H. -P.
Заглавие : A low-cost underwater particle tracking velocimetry system for measuring in situ particle flux and sedimentation rate in low-turbulence environments
Место публикации : Limnol. Oceanogr. Methods: Wiley Blackwell, 2019. - Article in press. - ISSN 15415856 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1002/lom3.10341
Аннотация: We describe a low-cost three-dimensional underwater particle tracking velocimetry system to directly measure particle settling rate and flux in low-turbulence aquatic environments. The system consists of two waterproof cameras that acquire stereoscopic videos of sinking particles at 48 frames s?1 over a tunable sampling volume of about 45 ? 25 ? 24 cm. A dedicated software package has been developed to allow evaluation of particle velocities, concentration and flux, but also of morphometric parameters such as particle area, sinking angle, shape irregularity, and density. Our method offers several advantages over traditional approaches, like sediment trap or expensive in situ camera systems: (1) it does not require beforehand particle collection and handling; (2) it is not subjected to sediment trap biases from turbulence, horizontal advection, or presence of swimmers, that may alter particulate load and flux; (3) the camera system enables faster data processing and flux computation at higher spatial resolution; (4) apart from the particle settling rates, the particle size distribution, and morphology is determined. We tested the camera system in Lake Stechlin (Germany) in low turbulence and mean flow, and analyzed the morphological properties and settling rates of particles to determine their sinking behavior. The particle flux assessed from conventional sediment trap measurements agreed well with that determined by our system. By this, the low-cost approach demonstrated its reliability in low turbulence environments and a strong potential to provide new insights into particulate carbon transport in aquatic systems. Extension of the method to more turbulent and advective conditions is also discussed. © 2019 The Authors. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Dubovskaya O. P., Glushchenko L. A.
Заглавие : THE FIRST RECORDS OF SENECELLA SIBERICA VYSHKVARTZEVA 1994 (COPEPODA, CALANOIDA) IN LARGE NORILSK LAKES, PYASINA RIVER BASIN, CENTRAL SIBERIA
Колич.характеристики :8 с
Место публикации : Zool. Zhurnal: MAIK NAUKA-INTERPERIODICA PUBL, 2018. - Vol. 97, Is. 10. - С. 1264-1271. - ISSN 0044-5134, DOI 10.1134/S0044513418100057
Примечания : Cited References:26
Предметные рубрики: LIMNOCALANUS-MACRURUS
FRESH-WATER
MICHIGAN
ESTUARY
Аннотация: The large, deep, freshwater Norilsk lakes (Lake Lama, Lake Sobachye, Lake Glubokoe and Lake Keta) are located beyond the Arctic Circle, at the northwestern edge of the Putorana Plateau. They underwent a Pleistocene boreal marine transgression. A relict of that transgression, Limnocalanus macrurus Sars 1863 (Copepoda, Calanoida), presently dominates the crustacean zooplankton of these lakes. Sympatric with the native relict species L. macrurus, Senecella siberica Vyshkvartzeva 1994, was found in our zooplankton samples taken from the deep parts of lakes Lama and Sobachye in the summer-autumn of 2014-2016. Sampling was performed using a Juday net hauled vertically from a depth of 15, 20(25/30) and/or 50 m to the surface. All Senecella specimens were older copepodites, mainly CIV stage in Lama and Sobachye lakes in August and CV in Sobachye Lake in September; their abundance was low (25-2000 ind. m(-2)). They inhabited the central deeper regions of the lakes, contributing up to 7-14% to the total wet biomass of net zooplankton in 0-20 and 0-50 m strata. Previous sporadic and rather superficial samplings in these lakes missed Senecella due to its deep locations, low abundance levels and the absence of both the oldest copepodites and adults in summer.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Burakova L. P., Stepanyuk G. A., Eremeeva E. V., Vysotski E. S.
Заглавие : Role of certain amino acid residues of the coelenterazine-binding cavity in bioluminescence of light-sensitive Ca2+-regulated photoprotein berovin
Место публикации : Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. - 2016. - Vol. 15, Is. 5. - С. 691-704. - ISSN 1474905X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1039/c6pp00050a
Аннотация: Bright bioluminescence of ctenophores is caused by Ca2+-regulated photoproteins. Although these photoproteins are functionally identical to and share many properties of cnidarian photoproteins, like aequorin and obelin, and retain the same spatial architecture, they are extremely sensitive to light, i.e. lose the ability to bioluminesce on exposure to light over the entire absorption spectrum. In addition, the degree of identity of their amino acid sequences with those of cnidarian photoproteins is only 29.4%. This suggests that the residues involved in bioluminescence of ctenophore and cnidarian photoproteins significantly differ. Here we describe the bioluminescent properties of berovin mutants with substitution of the residues located in the photoprotein internal cavity. Since the spatial structure of berovin bound with a substrate is not determined yet, to identify these residues we have modeled it with an accommodated substrate using the structures of some cnidarian Ca2+-regulated photoproteins with bound coelenterazine or coelenteramide as templates in order to obtain an adequate sampling and to take into account all possible conformers and variants for ligand-protein docking. Based on the impact of substitutions on the bioluminescent properties and model structures we speculate that within the internal cavity of ctenophore photoproteins, coelenterazine is bound as a 2-peroxy anion adduct which is stabilized owing to Coulomb interaction with a positively charged guanidinium group of Arg41 paired with Tyr204. In this case, the bioluminescence reaction is triggered by only calcium-induced conformational changes leading to the disturbance of charge-charge interaction. © 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry and Owner Societies.
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Вид документа : Статья из сборника (выпуск монографической серии)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Esimbekova, Elena, Kratasyuk, Valentina, Shimomura, Osamu
Заглавие : Application of Enzyme Bioluminescence in Ecology
Колич.характеристики :43 с
Место публикации : Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol.: SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN, 2014. - Vol. 144. - С. 67-109. - (Advances in Biochemical Engineering-Biotechnology). - , DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-43385-0_3
Примечания : Cited References:85
Предметные рубрики: BACTERIAL LUCIFERASE
IN-VITRO
PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES
FRESH-WATER
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bioluminescence--ecological monitoring--enzymatic assay--immobilization--integral water toxicity--luciferase
Аннотация: This review examines the general principles of bioluminescent enzymatic toxicity bioassays and describes the applications of these methods and the implementation in commercial biosensors. Bioluminescent enzyme system technology (BEST) has been proposed in the bacterial coupled enzyme system, wherein NADH: FMN-oxidoreductase-luciferase substitutes for living organisms. BEST was introduced to facilitate and accelerate the development of cost-competitive enzymatic systems for use in biosensors for medical, environmental, and industrial applications. For widespread use of BEST, the multicomponent reagent "Enzymolum'' has been developed, which contains the bacterial luciferase, NADH: FMN-oxidoreductase, and their substrates, co-immobilized in starch or gelatin gel. Enzymolum is the central part of Portable Laboratory for Toxicity Detection (PLTD), which consists of a biodetector module, a sampling module, a sample preparation module, and a reagent module. PLTD instantly signals chemical-biological hazards and allows us to detect a wide range of toxic substances. Enzymolum can be integrated as a biological module into the portable biodetector-biosensor originally constructed for personal use. Based on the example of Enzymolum and the algorithm for creating new enzyme biotests with tailored characteristics, a new approach was demonstrated in biotechnological design and construction. The examples of biotechnological design of various bioluminescent methods for ecological monitoring were provided. Possible applications of enzyme bioassays are seen in the examples for medical diagnostics, assessment of the effect of physical load on sportsmen, analysis of food additives, and in practical courses for higher educational institutions and schools. The advantages of enzymatic assays are their rapidity (the period of time required does not exceed 3-5 min), high sensitivity, simplicity and safety of procedure, and possibility of automation of ecological monitoring; the required luminometer is easily available.
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Medvedeva M.Y., Bolsunovsky A.Y., Zotina T.A.
Заглавие : Cytogenetic abnormalities in aquatic plant Elodea canadensis in anthropogenic contamination zone of Yenisei River
Колич.характеристики :11 с
Коллективы : RFFI-r_Siberia-a from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-04-98004]; Biological Diversity Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences [30.5]
Место публикации : Contemp. Probl. Ecol.: MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER, 2014. - Vol. 7, Is. 4. - С. 422-432. - ISSN 1995-4255, DOI 10.1134/S1995425514040088. - ISSN 1995-4263
Примечания : Cited References: 19. - The authors thank their colleagues from the Radioecology laboratory and Analytical laboratory for gamma spectrometric and chemical analyses. The authors express their appreciation to O.V. Kvitko (Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk) for her valuable methodical consultations. This research is partially funded by both a RFFI-r_Siberia-a, grant no. 13-04-98004 from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and project no. 30.5 of the Biological Diversity Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Предметные рубрики: ALLIUM-TEST
GENOTOXICITY
TOXICITY
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): elodea canadensis--bottom sediments--chromosome abnormalities--anthropogenic radionuclides--heavy metals--genotoxicity
Аннотация: Chromosome abnormalities in ana-telophase cells of apical root meristem of aquatic plant Elodea. canadensis (elodea), sampled in 2011-2012 in the Yenisei River at a site with background level of contamination and at several sites on the stretch contaminated with artificial radionuclides, and with chemical pollutants from municipal and industrial discharges of the Krasnoyarsk city. Lowest rate (5.2%) of cells with chromosome abnormalities was registered at sampling site with background level of contamination upstream of the Krasnoyarsk, highest rate of cells with abnormalities (39.7%)-in roots of elodea sampled in bottom sediments with highest concentration of Cs-137. Sum of rates of cells with abnormalities and rates of cells with all types of abnormalities positively correlated with total concentration of artificial and natural radionuclides, with concentration of artificial radionuclides and Cs-137 in bottom sediments of the Yenisei River (r (2) = 0.91-0.96, p 0.0005 for sum of rates of cells with abnormalities; r (2)
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Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakova O.V., Gladyshev M.I., Rozanov A.S., Peltek S.E., Trusova M.Y.
Заглавие : Spatial biodiversity of bacteria along the largest Arctic river determined by next-generation sequencing
Колич.характеристики :9 с
Коллективы : Attracting Leading Scientists to Russian Educational Institutions Program of the Russian Federation [11.G34.31.0014]; Siberian Federal University
Место публикации : FEMS Microbiol. Ecol.: WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2014. - Vol. 89, Is. 2. - С. 442-450. - ISSN 0168-6496, DOI 10.1111/1574-6941.12355. - ISSN 1574-6941
Примечания : Cited References: 36. - This work was supported by the Attracting Leading Scientists to Russian Educational Institutions Program of the Russian Federation, agreement 11.G34.31.0014, and by the project G-1 of Siberian Federal University, carried out according to Federal tasks of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation.
Предметные рубрики: DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER
INLAND WATERS
CARBON
BACTERIOPLANKTON
COMMUNITY
GREENGENES
ECOSYSTEM
RESERVOIR
PATTERNS
PRIMERS
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): bacterial community--diversity--16s rrna gene--yenisei river
Аннотация: The biodiversity of bacterial communities along the Yenisei River at section c. 1800 km was studied using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and common biodiversity indices. Overall, 3022 unique operational taxonomic units were identified. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla at all sampling sites. The highest alpha-diversity values were found in the middle section of the studied river. The beta-diversity of bacterial assemblages in the river was related to the surrounding landscape (biome): three distinctly different bacterial assemblages occurred in sections of the river, situated in mountain taiga, plain taiga and in a region of permafrost, covered by forest-tundra and tundra. Tributaries arising from these different landscapes likely contributed substantially to the variations of Yenisei bacterial communities. In contrast to a prediction of the river continuum concept, the proportion of photoautotrophic Cyanobacteria in bacterial assemblages did not increase downstream, but peaked at the middle section.
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10.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Dementyev D.
Заглавие : Radioactive contamination of pine (Pinus sylvestris) in Krasnoyarsk (Russia) following fallout from the Fukushima accident
Место публикации : J. Environ. Radioact. - 2014. - Vol. 138. - С. 87-91. - ISSN 0265931X (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2014.08.003
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): fukushima accident--pine samples--radiocesium activity ratio--radionuclides--russia--activity ratios--fukushima accidents--pinus sylvestris--radioactive contamination--russia--radioisotopes--pinus sylvestris
Аннотация: Following the Fukushima accident in March 2011, samples of pine trees (Pinus sylvestris) were collected from three sites near the city of Krasnoyarsk (Siberia, Russia) during 2011-2012 and analyzed for artificial radionuclides. Concentrations of Fukushima-derived radionuclides in the samples of pine needles in April 2011 reached 5.51 ± 0.52 Bq kg-1 131I, 0.92 ± 0.04 Bq kg-1 134Cs, and 1.51 ± 0.07 Bq kg-1 137Cs. An important finding was the detection of 134Cs from the Fukushima accident not only in the pine needles and branches but also in the new shoots in 2012, which suggested a transfer of Fukushima cesium isotopes from branches to shoots. In 2011 and 2012, the 137Cs/134Cs ratio for pine needles and branches collected in sampling areas Krasnoyarsk-1 and Krasnoyarsk-2 was greater than 1 (varying within a range of 1.2-2.6), suggesting the presence of “older“, pre-Fukushima accident 137Cs. Calculations showed that for pine samples growing in areas of the Krasnoyarskii Krai unaffected by contamination from the nuclear facility, the activity of the Fukushima-derived cesium isotopes was two-three times higher than the activity of the pre-accident 137Cs.
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11.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakova O.V., Gladyshev M.I., Rozanov A.S., Peltek S.E., Trusova M.Y.
Заглавие : Spatial biodiversity of bacteria along the largest Arctic river determined by next-generation sequencing
Место публикации : FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. - 2014. - Vol. 89, Is. 2. - С. 442-450. - ISSN 15746941 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1111/1574-6941.12355
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): 16s rrna gene--bacterial community--diversity--yenisei river--actinobacteria--bacteria (microorganisms)--cyanobacteria--proteobacteria
Аннотация: The biodiversity of bacterial communities along the Yenisei River at section c. 1800 km was studied using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and common biodiversity indices. Overall, 3022 unique operational taxonomic units were identified. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla at all sampling sites. The highest alpha-diversity values were found in the middle section of the studied river. The beta-diversity of bacterial assemblages in the river was related to the surrounding landscape (biome): three distinctly different bacterial assemblages occurred in sections of the river, situated in mountain taiga, plain taiga and in a region of permafrost, covered by forest-tundra and tundra. Tributaries arising from these different landscapes likely contributed substantially to the variations of Yenisei bacterial communities. In contrast to a prediction of the river continuum concept, the proportion of photoautotrophic Cyanobacteria in bacterial assemblages did not increase downstream, but peaked at the middle section. © 2014 Federation of European Microbiological Societies.
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12.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Kolmakova A.A., Gladyshev M.I., Kalachova G.S., Kravchuk E.S., Ivanova E.A., Sushchik N.N.
Заглавие : Amino acid composition of epilithic biofilm and benthic animals in a large Siberian river
Место публикации : Freshwater Biology. - 2013. - Vol. 58, Is. 10. - С. 2180-2195. - ISSN 00465070 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1111/fwb.12200
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): amino acids--epilithic microalgae and cyanobacteria--nutritive quality--river ecosystem--zoobenthos
Аннотация: We studied amino acid (AA) composition of epilithic biofilms and zoobenthos near the shore at a middle section of the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia). We hypothesised that there was an imbalance between the composition and content of amino acids in the biofilm and its consumers, the zoobenthos, as well as between those in the zoobenthos and fish. Based on monthly sampling from 2007 to 2010, there was seasonal variation in AA profiles in the epilithic biofilms, probably caused by the succession of microalgal and cyanobacterial species. Overall, there was an imbalance in the percentage of the essential amino acids (lysine and histidine) between benthic animals and their food (the epilithic biofilm), which suggests that benthic animals may be limited by food quality. Moreover, the zoobenthos had a significantly higher content of AA, relative to carbon, than the biofilm. Based on sampling in 2012, there was an imbalance between the AA profiles of zoobenthos and that of their main consumer, the Siberian grayling (Thymallus arcticus), particularly in the percentages of two essential amino acids, lysine and leucine. In terms of overall content of essential amino acids, the nutritional value to fish of gammarids, which have recently invaded the river, was significantly lower than that of indigenous taxa, trichopteran and chironomid larvae. В© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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13.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Kalachova G.S., Makhutova O.N.
Заглавие : Stable isotope composition of fatty acids in organisms of different trophic levels in the yenisei river
Место публикации : PLoS ONE. - 2012. - Vol. 7, Is. 3. - Ст.e34059. - ISSN 19326203 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0034059
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): carbon 13--fatty acid--carbon--apatania crymophila--article--benthos--eulimnogammarus viridis--fatty acid analysis--fatty acid desaturation--fontinalis antipyretica--food chain--food web--freshwater fish--isotope analysis--lipid composition--microalga--moss--nonhuman--pelagic zone--river ecosystem--russian federation--stable isotope analysis--thymallus arcticus--trophic level--animal--chemistry--larva--metabolism--river--bryophyta--gammaridae--trichoptera--animals--carbon isotopes--fatty acids--food chain--larva--microalgae--rivers
Аннотация: We studied four-link food chain, periphytic microalgae and water moss (producers), trichopteran larvae (consumers I), gammarids (omnivorous - consumers II) and Siberian grayling (consumers III) at a littoral site of the Yenisei River on the basis of three years monthly sampling. Analysis of bulk carbon stable isotopes and compound specific isotope analysis of fatty acids (FA) were done. As found, there was a gradual depletion in 13C contents of fatty acids, including essential FA upward the food chain. In all the trophic levels a parabolic dependence of ? 13C values of fatty acids on their degree of unsaturation/chain length occurred, with 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 in its lowest point. The pattern in the ? 13C differences between individual fatty acids was quite similar to that reported in literature for marine pelagic food webs. Hypotheses on isotope fractionation were suggested to explain the findings. В© 2012 Gladyshev et al.
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14.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Anishchenko O.V., Sushchnik N.N., Kalacheva G.S., Gribovskaya I.V., Ageev A.V.
Заглавие : Influence of anthropogenic pollution on content of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids in links of food chain of river ecosystem
Место публикации : Contemporary Problems of Ecology. - 2012. - Vol. 5, Is. 4. - С. 376-385. - ISSN 19954255 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S1995425512040051
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): gammarus--grayling--heavy metals--polyunsaturated fatty acids--amphipod--anthropogenic effect--anthropogenic source--fatty acid--food chain--heavy metal--littoral environment--oil pollution--phenol--river system--salmonid--sampling--krasnoyarsk [russian federation]--russian federation--yenisei river--gammarus
Аннотация: In the course of monthly sampling in 2008-2010, two regions of the littoral of the Yenisei river were compared. One of these regions (conventionally pure) was situated upstream of Krasnoyarsk, while the other (conventionally polluted) was downstream of Krasnoyarsk. The concentrations of heavy metals, oil products, phenols, biogenic elements and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in various components of the river ecosystem were determined. It was discovered that the anthropogenic pollution causes a decrease in the resources of essential PUFA in the biomass of the upper links of the food chain of the river ecosystem. В© 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.
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15.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Rogozin D.Y., Trusova M.Y., Khromechek E.B., Degermendzhy A.G.
Заглавие : Microbial community of the chemocline of the meromictic Lake Shunet (Khakassia, Russia) during summer stratification
Место публикации : Microbiology. - 2010. - Vol. 79, Is. 2. - С. 253-261. - ISSN 00262617 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1134/S0026261710020189
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): chemocline--cyanobacteria--green sulfur bacteria--meromictic lakes--microstratification--pcr-dgge--phytoflagellates--purple sulfur bacteria--bacteria (microorganisms)--chlorobi--chromatiaceae--cryptomonas--cyanobacteria--lamprocystis purpurea--phytomastigophorea--proteobacteria--synechococcus
Аннотация: The spatio-temporal organization of the bacterial community inhabiting the chemocline of the stratified meromictic Lake Shunet (Khakassia, Russia) was investigated from May to September 2005 by means of microscopy, analysis of photosynthetic pigments, and PCR-DGGE with subsequent 16S rDNA analysis. The samples were collected with a multisyringe stratification sampler, sampling being performed every 5 cm. It was demonstrated that, during the period of investigation, there were no large changes in the bacterial community of the chlemocline, at least among the detected forms. During the whole period of study, purple sulfur bacteria related to Lamprocystis purpurea (Chromatiaceae) were predominant in the chemocline. Beneath the layer of purple bacteria, green sulfur bacteria were revealed that were phylogenetically distant from strain ShNPel02, which was previously isolated from this lake. Development of phytoflagellates of the genus Cryptomonas was observed in the upper zone of the chemocline. In the chemocline of Lake Shunet, the numbers of picoplankton cyanobacteria of the genus Synechococcus increased from May to September. It was demonstrated that the application of universal bacterial primers for DGGE resulted in the same qualitative distributional pattern of predominant species as microscopic studies. В© Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2010.
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16.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Degermendzhy A.G., Zadereev E.S., Rogozin D.Y., Prokopkin I.G., Barkhatov Y.V., Tolomeev A.P., Khromechek E.B., Janse J.H., Mooij W.M., Gulati R.D.
Заглавие : Vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in two saline lakes Shira and Shunet (South Siberia, Russia)
Место публикации : Aquatic Ecology. - 2010. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - С. 619-632. - ISSN 13862588 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1007/s10452-010-9336-6
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): ciliates--cryptomonas--fishless lakes--gammarus--mathematical modelling--meromictic lakes--phytoplankton--stratification--sulphur bacteria--amphipod--bacterium--biomass--ciliate--ecosystem modeling--flagellate--meromictic lake--microbial community--numerical model--physicochemical property--phytoplankton--population density--saline lake--salinity--stratification--thermocline--trophic interaction--vertical profile--zooplankton--khakassia--lake shira--lake shunet--russian federation--siberia--amphipoda--bacteria (microorganisms)--ciliophora--copepoda--cryptomonas--cryptomonas sp.--gammaridae--gammarus--gammarus lacustris--phytomastigophorea--protista--rotifera
Аннотация: A feature of meromictic lakes is that several physicochemical and biological gradients affect the vertical distribution of different organisms. The vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in saline, fishless meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet (Siberia, Russia) is quite different mainly because both mean depth and maximum depth of lakes differ as well as their salinity levels differ. The chemocline of the Lake Shira, as in many meromictic lakes, is inhabited by bacterial community consisting of purple sulphur and heterotrophic bacteria. As the depth of the chemocline is variable, the bacterial community does not attain high densities. The mixolimnion in Lake Shira, which is thermally stratified in summer, also creates different habitat for various species. The distribution of phytoplankton is non-uniform with its biomass peak in the metalimnion. The distribution of zooplankton is also heterogeneous with rotifers and juvenile copepods inhabiting the warmer epilimnion and older copepods found in the cold but oxic hypolimnion. The amphipod Gammarus lacustris which can be assigned to the higher trophic link in the fishless lake's ecosystem, such as Lake Shira, is also distributed non-uniformly, with its peak density generally observed in the thermocline region. The chemocline in Lake Shunet is located at the depth of 5 m, and unlike in Lake Shira, due to a sharp salinity gradient between the mixolimnion and monimolimnion, this depth is very stable. The mixolimnion in Lake Shunet is relatively shallow and the chemocline is inhabited by (1) an extremely dense bacterial community; (2) a population of Cryptomonas sp.; and (3) ciliate community comprising several species. As the mixolimnion of Lake Shunet is not thermally stratified for long period, the phytoplankton and zooplankton populations are not vertically stratified. The gammarids, however, tend to concentrate in a narrow layer located 1-2 m above the chemocline. We believe that in addition to vertical inhomogeneities of both physicochemical parameters, biological and physical factors also play a role in maintaining these inhomogeneities. We conclude that the stratified distributions of the major food web components will have several implications for ecosystem structure and dynamics. Trophic interactions as well as mass and energy flows can be significantly impacted by such heterogeneous distributions. Species spatially separated even by relatively short distances, say a few centimetres will not directly compete. Importantly, we demonstrate that not only bacteria, phytoflagellates and ciliate tend to concentrate in thin layers but also larger-sized species such Gammarus (amphipods) can also under certain environmental conditions have stratified distribution with maxima in relatively thin layer. As the vertical structure of the lake ecosystem is rather complex in such stratified lakes as ours, the strategy of research, including sampling techniques, should consider potentially variable and non-homogeneous distributions. В© 2010 The Author(s).
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17.

Вид документа : Статья из сборника (выпуск продолж. издания)
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Dementyev D.
Заглавие : Sediments of the Yenisei River: Monitoring of radionuclide levels and estimation of sedimentation rates
Место публикации : IAHS-AISH Publication. - 2010. - Vol. 337: Symposium on Sediment Dynamics for a Changing Future (14 June 2010 through 18 June 2010, Warsaw) Conference code: 84220. - С. 143-148
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): artificial and natural radionuclides--dating methods--river sediments--sedimentation rates--yenisei river--dating methods--natural radionuclides--river sediments--sedimentation rates--yenisei river--anoxic sediments--cesium--europium--lead--nuclear energy--nuclear weapons--plutonium--radioisotopes--river pollution--sedimentation--sedimentology--strontium--uranium--rivers--cesium isotope--cobalt isotope--europium--fluvial deposit--plutonium isotope--radioactive pollution--radioactive waste--radionuclide--sampling--sediment core--sediment pollution--sedimentation rate--krasnoyarsk [russian federation]--russian federation--yenisei river
Аннотация: The Yenisei River, one of the largest rivers in the world, is contaminated with artificial radionuclides released by a Russian nuclear facility producing weapon-grade plutonium, which has been in operation for many years. Examination of Yenisei River sediment samples revealed the presence of artificial radionuclides typical of radioactive discharge from the Mining-and-Chemical- Combine (MCC) nuclear facility: isotopes of europium ( 152Eu, 154Eu, and 155Eu), caesium ( 137Cs and 134Cs), 60Co, 90Sr, and transuranium elements. Maximum radionuclide concentrations in sediments remained high as far as 240 km downstream of the MCC. In sediment cores collected upstream of the MCC, ?-spectrometric measurements registered only one artificial radionuclide, 137Cs, with a maximum activity of approx. 8 Bq kg -1 dry mass. Sediments of the Yenisei River also contain natural radionuclides. Sedimentation rates in several sections of the Yenisei River were determined using, different approaches: the 210Pb dating method and the ratios of artificial radionuclides - 137Cs/ 60Co and 152Eu/ 154Eu. With increasing distance downstream of the city of Krasnoyarsk, sedimentation rates increased from 0.88 cm year -1 to 1.30-1.51 cm year -1. Copyright В© 2010 IAHS Press.
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18.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Anishchenko O.V., Gladyshev M.I., Kravchuk E.S., Ivanova E.A., Gribovskaya I.V., Sushchik N.N.
Заглавие : Seasonal variations of metal concentrations in periphyton and taxonomic composition of the algal community at a Yenisei River littoral site
Место публикации : Central European Journal of Biology. - 2010. - Vol. 5, Is. 1. - С. 125-134. - ISSN 1895104X (ISSN) , DOI 10.2478/s11535-009-0060-y
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): heavy metals--periphyton--seasonal dynamics--algae--chlorophyta--cyanobacteria--ulothrix zonata
Аннотация: The concentrations of metals K, Na, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Co and Cr, in the water and periphyton (epilithic algal communities) were studied at a site in the middle stream of the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia) during three years using monthly sampling frequencies. Despite considerable seasonal variations in aquatic concentrations of some metals, there was no correlation between metal contents in the water and in periphyton. Seasonal concentration variations of some metals in periphyton were related to the species (taxonomic) composition of periphytic microalgae and cyanobacteria. Enhanced levels of Ni and Co in periphyton in late autumn, winter, and early spring were likely caused by the predominance of cyanobacteria in the periphytic community, and annual maximum levels of K in periphyton in late spring and early summer were attributed to the domination of Chlorophyta, primarily Ulothrix zonata. В© Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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19.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Gladyshev M.I., Sushchik N.N., Makhutova O.N., Dubovskaya O.P., Kravchuk E.S., Kalachova G.S., Khromechek E.B.
Заглавие : Correlations between fatty acid composition of seston and zooplankton and effects of environmental parameters in a eutrophic Siberian reservoir
Место публикации : Limnologica. - 2010. - Vol. 40, Is. 4. - С. 343-357. - ISSN 00759511 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1016/j.limno.2009.12.004
Ключевые слова (''Своб.индексиров.''): eicosapentaenoic acid--fatty acids--phytoplankton--temperature--zooplankton--canonical analysis--correlation--eutrophic environment--fatty acid--multivariate analysis--phytoplankton--seasonal variation--seston--taxonomy--temperature effect--water temperature--zooplankton--algae--bacillariophyta--ciliophora--cyanobacteria--cyclopoida--rotifera
Аннотация: During two sampling seasons we analyzed on weekly basis fatty acid (FA) composition of seston fraction 130?m and zooplankton fraction 130?m, and compared them using a multivariate canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Besides, we evaluated a possible impact of water temperature and inorganic nutrients on FA composition of the seston and the zooplankton.In spite of significant differences in percentages of several individual FAs, we found very strong canonical correlation (cross-correlation, 1-week lag) between FA composition of the seston and the zooplankton. The most important factor, providing the overall canonical cross-correlation between FA profiles of the seston and the zooplankton fractions was eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5?3, EPA). FA composition of the zooplankton fraction had comparatively poor correlations with taxonomic composition of the zooplankton. Thus, seasonal variations of FA composition of the zooplankton were determined primarily by seasonal changes in FA composition of the seston, rather than by taxonomic differences of FA profiles between rotifers, cyclopoids and cladocerans. FA composition of the seston was strongly affected by its taxonomic composition, namely by that of phytoplankton. According to CCA, the highest factor loadings pertained to diatoms interacting with their marker acids, including EPA, and cyanobacteria and greens, interacting with their marker acids. Ciliates and small rotifers composed considerable and sometimes major part of the seston biomass, but according to CCA their contributions to seasonal variations of the total FA profile of the seston were insignificant. This finding indirectly support the conclusion of the other authors, that the main source of FAs presented in ciliates and rotifers must be sought in algae and that they do not modify FA composition of food consumed, apart from repackaging it.Water temperature was the principal environmental parameter which drove the overall variations of FA composition. Factor loadings for the inorganic nutrients were comparatively negligible. The main contribution in the seasonal variation of FA composition of the seston was given by negative interaction between water temperature and percentage of EPA in the seston. В© 2009 Elsevier GmbH.
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20.

Вид документа : Статья из журнала
Шифр издания :
Автор(ы) : Bolsunovsky A., Muratova E., Sukovaty A., Kornilova M.
Заглавие : The effect of radionuclide and heavy metal contamination of the Yenisei River on cytogenetics of aquatic plant Elodea canadensis
Место публикации : Radioprotection. - 2009. - Vol. 44, Is. 5. - С. 83-88. - ISSN 00338451 (ISSN) , DOI 10.1051/radiopro/20095021
Аннотация: The study was done to determine concentrations of radionuclides and heavy metals and to evaluate the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in samples of Elodea canadensis, a submerged plant, collected in different parts of the Yenisei River. Samples were collected in the area subjected to radioactive impact of theMining-and-Chemical Combine (MCC) at Zheleznogorsk and in the control areas, upstream of the MCC. The investigations showed that Elodea biomass in the area affected by MCC operation contained a long inventory of artificial radionuclides typical of the MCC discharges. Upstream of the MCC, in the control sampling areas, the sediments and the Elodea biomass contained only one artificial radionuclide - 137Cs. Thus, the exposure doses to Elodea shoots and roots upstream of the MCC are small (not more than 8 ?Gy/d) and the main contribution to them is made by natural radionuclides. At the MCC discharge site (the village of Atamanovo) and downstream of it, the total dose rate increases almost an order of magnitude, reaching its maximal values - 72 ?Gy/d for Elodea shoots and 58 ? Gy/d for roots. Cytogenetic investigations of Elodea roots showed that at the MCC discharge site (the village of Atamanovo) and downstream of it the occurrence of chromosomal aberrations in ana-telophase and metaphase cells of Elodea was considerably higher than in the control area. It is highly probable that this simultaneous dramatic increase in the total exposure rate and the occurrence of chromosomal aberrations in Elodea is associated with the radiation factor. It is suggested that Elodea is affected not only by the radiation factor but also by the chemical factor - toxicity of heavy metals. В© 2009 EDP Sciences.
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