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1.


   
    Some methods for human liquid and solid waste utilization in bioregenerative life-support systems / S. A. Ushakova [et al.] // Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. - 2008. - Vol. 151, Is. 2-3. - P676-685, DOI 10.1007/s12010-008-8291-3 . - ISSN 0273-2289
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Closure -- Human waste -- Life-support systems -- Salicornia -- Sodium chloride -- Above-ground biomass -- Biological lives -- Bioregenerative -- Closure -- Cultivation process -- Culture methods -- Human waste -- Irrigation waters -- Life-support systems -- Manned space missions -- Mineral elements -- Physico-chemical methods -- Salicornia -- Salicornia europaea -- Salt-tolerant -- Soil-like substrates -- Biomass -- Body fluids -- Electrodialysis -- Grain (agricultural product) -- Irrigation -- Liquids -- Metal refining -- Minerals -- Mining -- Oxidation -- Plant shutdowns -- Sodium chloride -- Soils -- Solid wastes -- Substrates -- Water supply -- Vegetation -- article -- biomass -- controlled study -- electrodialysis -- halophyte -- irrigation (agriculture) -- microclimate -- nonhuman -- recycling -- Salicornia europaea -- solid waste -- bioremediation -- dialysis -- feces -- goosefoot -- growth, development and aging -- human -- methodology -- salt tolerance -- urine -- waste management -- wheat -- Batis maritima -- Salicornia -- Salicornia europaea -- Triticum aestivum -- Biodegradation, Environmental -- Chenopodiaceae -- Dialysis -- Feces -- Humans -- Life Support Systems -- Salt-Tolerance -- Triticum -- Urine -- Waste Management
Аннотация: Bioregenerative life-support systems (BLSS) are studied for developing the technology for a future biological life-support system for long-term manned space missions. Ways to utilize human liquid and solid wastes to increase the closure degree of BLSS were investigated. First, urine and faeces underwent oxidation by Kudenko's physicochemical method. The products were then used for root nutrition of wheat grown by the soil-like substrate culture method. Two means of eliminating sodium chloride, introduced into the irrigation solution together with the products of urine oxidation, were investigated. The first was based on routine electrodialysis of irrigation water at the end of wheat vegetation. Dialysis eliminated about 50% of Na from the solution. This desalinization was performed for nine vegetations. The second method was new: after wheat cultivation, the irrigation solution and the solution obtained by washing the substrate containing mineral elements not absorbed by the plants were used to grow salt-tolerant Salicornia europaea L. plants (saltwort). The above-ground biomass of this plant can be used as a food, and roots can be added to the soil-like substrate. Four consecutive wheat and Salicornia vegetations were cultivated. As a result of this wheat and Salicornia cultivation process, the soil-like substrate salinization by NaCl were considerably decreased. В© 2008 Humana Press.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Science, Siberian Branch, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
K.A. Timiraziev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, 35 Botanisheskaya, 127276 Moscow, Russian Federation
LGCB, Universite Blaise Pascal, Polytech'Clermont-Ferrand, P.O. Box 206, 63174 Aubiere cedex, France : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Ushakova, S.A.; Zolotukhin, I.G.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Tikhomirova, N.A.; Kudenko, Yu.A.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Balnokin, Yu.; Gros, J.B.

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2.


   
    Influence of high concentrations of mineral salts on production process and NaCl accumulation by Salicornia europaea plants as a constituent of the LSS phototroph link / N. A. Tikhomirova [et al.] // Advances in Space Research. - 2005. - Vol. 35, Is. 9 SPEC. ISS. - P1589-1593, DOI 10.1016/j.asr.2005.01.055 . - ISSN 0273-1177
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
BLSS -- Intensity of PAR -- Mineral nutrition -- Productivity -- Salicornia europaea -- Biomass -- Concentration (process) -- Nitrogen -- Nutrition -- Photosynthesis -- Productivity -- Sodium chloride -- Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) -- Intensity of PAR -- Mineral nutrition -- Salicornia europaea -- Plants (botany) -- calcium -- magnesium -- nitrogen -- phosphorus -- potassium -- sodium chloride -- sulfur -- urea -- biomass -- conference paper -- culture medium -- dose response -- drug effect -- goosefoot -- growth, development and aging -- human -- light -- metabolism -- microclimate -- radiation exposure -- urine -- Biomass -- Calcium -- Chenopodiaceae -- Culture Media -- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug -- Ecological Systems, Closed -- Humans -- Life Support Systems -- Light -- Magnesium -- Nitrogen -- Phosphorus -- Potassium -- Sodium Chloride -- Sulfur -- Urea -- Urine
Аннотация: Use of halophytes (salt-tolerant vegetation), in a particular vegetable Salicornia europaea plants which are capable of utilizing NaCl in rather high concentrations, is one of possible means of NaCl incorporation into mass exchange of bioregenerative life support systems. In preliminary experiments it was shown that S. europaea plants, basically, could grow on urine pretreated with physicochemical processing and urease-enzyme decomposing of urea with the subsequent ammonia distillation. But at the same time inhibition of the growth process of the plants was observed. The purpose of the given work was to find out the influence of excessive quantities of some mineral elements contained in products of physicochemical processing of urine on the production process and NaCl accumulation by S. europaea plants. As the content of mineral salts in the human liquid wastes (urine) changed within certain limits, two variants of experimental solutions were examined. In the first variant, the concentration of mineral salts was equivalent to the minimum salt content in the urine and was: K - 1.5 g/l, P - 0.5 g/l, S - 0.5 g/l, Mg - 0.07 g/l, Ca - 0.2 g/l. In the second experimental variant, the content of mineral salts corresponded to the maximum salt content in urine and was the following: K - 3.0 g/l, P - 0.7 g/l, S - 1.2 g/l, Mg - 0.2 g/l, Ca - 0.97 g/l. As the control, the Tokarev nutrient solution containing nitrogen in the form of a urea, and the Knop nutrient solution with nitrogen in the nitrate form were used. N quantity in all four variants made up 177 mg/l. Air temperature was 24 В°C, illumination was continuous. Light intensity was 690 ?mol/m2s of photosynthetically active radiation. NaCl concentration in solutions was 1%. Our researches showed that the dry aboveground biomass of an average plant of the first variant practically did not differ from the control and totaled 11 g. In the second variant, S. europaea productivity decreased and the dry aboveground biomass of an average plant totaled 8 g. The increase of K quantity in the experimental solutions resulted in an elevated content of the element in the plants. The increase of K uptake in the second experimental variant was accompanied by a 30-50% decrease of Na content in comparison with the other variants. Comparative Na content in the other variants was practically identical. N, Mg and P content in the control and experimental variants was also practically identical. The increase of S quantity in the second experimental variant also increased S uptake by the plants. But Ca quantity, accumulated in aboveground plants biomass in the experimental variants was lower than in the control. NaCl uptake by plants, depending on the concentration of mineral salts in the experimental solutions, ranged from 8 g (maximum salt content) up to 15 g (minimum salt content) on a plant growth area that totaled 0.032 m2. Thus, high concentrations of mineral salts simulating the content of mineral salts contained in urine did not result in a significant decrease of S. europaea productivity. The present work also considers the influence of higher light intensity concentrations on productivity and NaCl accumulation by S. europaea plants grown on experimental solutions with high salt content. В© 2005 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirova, N.A.; Ushakova, S.A.; Kovaleva, N.P.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Tikhomirov, A.A.

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3.


   
    Tracing the North Atlantic decadal-scale climate variability in a late Holocene pollen record from southern Siberia / S. Hildebrandt [et al.] // Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. - 2015. - Vol. 426. - P75-84, DOI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.02.037 . - ISSN 0031-0182
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation -- Human impact -- Lake level -- Late Holocene -- Non-pollen palynomorphs -- Pollen -- Siberia
Аннотация: This paper presents a new palynological record from a 146. cm long finely laminated sediment core obtained in 2009 from the deep-water meromictic Lake Shira (54°30'38'N, 90°12''09'E; ca. 353. m. a.s.l.) situated in the Khakassian steppe region of southern Siberia between the rivers Ob' and Yenisei. The area is rich in lakes and represents an exceptionally well preserved sequence of Bronze and Iron Age archeological cultures. Little is known about the changes in vegetation and climate of the region during the Holocene. The palynological analysis of the core allows us to partly fill up this gap in current knowledge. The record of pollen and non-pollen palynomorphs presented here covers the past 2450. year interval with an average resolution of 22. years. The results obtained support the interpretation that the late Holocene vegetation changes around Lake Shira are mainly associated with large-scale atmospheric circulation processes controlling the regional water balance rather than with human activities. An attempt to trace human impact in the pollen assemblages provides no clear evidence for anthropogenic activity, except for the last few decades since ca. 1955, though the region has a long history of mobile pastoralists. For explanation of decadal-scale changes in the regional vegetation cover, the Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae (A/C) pollen ratio proved to be a reliable indicator of effective moisture availability. Using available fossil and published instrumental data our study suggests a link between the North Atlantic warmer/colder temperatures and higher/lower atmospheric precipitation (or moisture availability) in southern Siberia at multi-decadal to centennial scales. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

Scopus,
WOS
Держатели документа:
Institute of Geological Sciences, Palaeontology, Free University Berlin, Malteserstra?e 74-100, Building DBerlin, Germany
Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Prospekt akademika Koptyuga 3Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Eurasia Department/Beijing Branch Office, German Archaeological Institute, Im Dol 2-6Berlin, Germany
Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Akademgorodok 50, str. 50Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
ИБФ СО РАН

Доп.точки доступа:
Hildebrandt, S.; Muller, S.; Kalugin, I.A.; Dar'in, A.V.; Wagner, M.; Rogozin, D.Y.; Tarasov, P.E.

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