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Synthesis of biomass and utilization of plants wastes in a physical model of biological life-support system / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // Acta Astronautica. - 2003. - Vol. 53, Is. 4-10. - P249-257, DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(03)00137-1 . - ISSN 0094-5765
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Ecosystems -- Microorganisms -- pH -- Photosynthesis -- Plants (botany) -- Synthesis (chemical) -- Waste utilization -- Biological life support systems (BLLS) -- Gas exchange -- Plant respiration -- Biomass -- carbon dioxide -- Agaricales -- article -- biomass -- bioremediation -- growth, development and aging -- hydroponics -- incineration -- metabolism -- methodology -- microbiology -- microclimate -- photosynthesis -- plant physiology -- radish -- space flight -- waste management -- weightlessness -- wheat -- Agaricales -- Biodegradation, Environmental -- Biomass -- Carbon Dioxide -- Ecological Systems, Closed -- Environmental Microbiology -- Hydroponics -- Incineration -- Life Support Systems -- Photosynthesis -- Plant Physiology -- Raphanus -- Space Flight -- Triticum -- Waste Management -- Weightlessness
Аннотация: The paper considers problems of biosynthesis of higher plants' biomass and "biological incineration" of plant wastes in a working physical model of biological LSS. The plant wastes are "biologically incinerated" in a special heterotrophic block involving Califomian worms, mushrooms and straw. The block processes plant wastes (straw, haulms) to produce soil-like substrate (SLS) on which plants (wheat, radish) are grown. Gas exchange in such a system consists of respiratory gas exchange of SLS and photosynthesis and respiration of plants. Specifics of gas exchange dynamics of high plants - SLS complex has been considered. Relationship between such a gas exchange and PAR irradiance and age of plants has been established. Nitrogen and iron were found to the first to limit plants' growth on SLS when process conditions are deranged. The SLS microflora has been found to have different kinds of ammonifying and denitrifying bacteria which is indicative of intensive transformation of nitrogen-containing compounds. The number of physiological groups of microorganisms in SLS was, on the whole, steady. As a result, organic substances - products of exchange of plants and microorganisms were not accumulated in the medium, but mineralized and assimilated by the biocenosis. Experiments showed that the developed model of a man-made ecosystem realized complete utilization of plant wastes and involved them into the intrasystem turnover. В© 2003 International Astronautical Federation. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Universite B. Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Environ. Contr. Life Support Sect., ESA, Estec Noonvijk, Netherlands : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A.A.; Ushakova, S.A.; Manukovsky, N.S.; Lisovsky, G.M.; Kudenko, Yu.A.; Koyalev, V.S.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Tirranen, L.S.; Zolotukhin, I.G.; Gros, J.B.; Lasseur, Ch.

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Mass exchange in an experimental new-generation life support system model based on biological regeneration of environment / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 7. - P1711-1720, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)80017-0 . - ISSN 0273-1177
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Biomass -- Photosynthesis -- Plants (botany) -- Transpiration -- Mass exchange -- Life support systems (spacecraft) -- ammonia -- nitrogen -- oxygen -- biosphere -- animal -- annelid worm -- article -- biological model -- biomass -- bioremediation -- evaluation -- growth, development and aging -- human -- metabolism -- microclimate -- photosynthesis -- Pleurotus -- radish -- wheat -- Ammonia -- Animals -- Biodegradation, Environmental -- Biomass -- Ecological Systems, Closed -- Evaluation Studies -- Humans -- Life Support Systems -- Models, Biological -- Nitrogen -- Oligochaeta -- Oxygen -- Photosynthesis -- Pleurotus -- Raphanus -- Triticum
Аннотация: An experimental model of a biological life support system was used to evaluate qualitative and quantitative parameters of the internal mass exchange. The photosynthesizing unit included the higher plant component (wheat and radish), and the heterotrophic unit consisted of a soil-like substrate, California worms, mushrooms and microbial microflora. The gas mass exchange involved evolution of oxygen by the photosynthesizing component and its uptake by the heterotroph component along with the formation and maintaining of the SLS structure, growth of mushrooms and California worms, human respiration, and some other processes. Human presence in the system in the form of "virtual human" that at regular intervals took part in the respirative gas exchange during the experiment. Experimental data demonstrated good oxygen/carbon dioxide balance, and the closure of the cycles of these gases was almost complete. The water cycle was nearly 100% closed. The main components in the water mass exchange were transpiration water and the watering solution with mineral elements. Human consumption of the edible plant biomass (grains and roots) was simulated by processing these products by a unique physicochemical method of oxidizing them to inorganic mineral compounds, which were then returned into the system and fully assimilated by the plants. The oxidation was achieved by "wet combustion" of organic biomass, using hydrogen peroxide following a special procedure, which does not require high temperature and pressure. Hydrogen peroxide is produced from the water inside the system. The closure of the cycle was estimated for individual elements and compounds. Stoichiometric proportions are given for the main components included in the experimental model of the system. Approaches to the mathematical modeling of the cycling processes are discussed, using the data of the experimental model. Nitrogen, as a representative of biogenic elements, shows an almost 100% closure of the cycle inside the system. The proposed experimental model of a biological system is discussed as a candidate for potential application in the investigations aimed at creating ecosystems with largely closed cycles of the internal mass exchange. The formation and maintenance of sustainable cycling of vitally important chemical elements and compounds in biological life support systems (BLSS) is an extremely pressing problem. To attain the stable functioning of biological life support systems (BLSS) and to maintain a high degree of closure of material cycles in them, it is essential to understand the character of mass exchange processes and stoichiometric proportions of the initial and synthesized components of the system. В© 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Universite B. Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Environ. Control/Life Support Sect., ESA, Estec Noorwijk, Netherlands : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A.A.; Ushakova, S.A.; Manukovsky, N.S.; Lisovsky, G.M.; Kudenko, Yu.A.; Kovalev, V.S.; Gubanov, V.G.; Barkhatov, Yu.V.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Zolotukhin, I.G.; Gros, J.B.; Lasseur, Ch.

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Volatile metabolites of higher plant crops as a photosynthesizing life support system component under temperature stress at different light intensities / I. I. Gitelson [et al.] // Advances in Space Research. - 2003. - Vol. 31, Is. 7. - P1781-1786, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00121-2 . - ISSN 0273-1177
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Composition -- Crops -- Heat resistance -- Metabolites -- Photosynthesis -- Volatile metabolites -- Space research -- biosphere -- article -- comparative study -- gas -- growth, development and aging -- heat -- indoor air pollution -- light -- metabolism -- microclimate -- photon -- photosynthesis -- physiology -- radiation exposure -- volatilization -- wheat -- Air Pollution, Indoor -- Environment, Controlled -- Gases -- Heat -- Life Support Systems -- Light -- Photons -- Photosynthesis -- Triticum -- Volatilization
Аннотация: The effect of elevated temperatures of 35 and 45В°C (at the intensities of photosynthetically active radiation 322, 690 and 1104 ?mol-m-2-s-1) on the photosynthesis, respiration, and qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatiles emitted by wheat (Triticum aestuvi L., cultivar 232) crops was investigated in growth chambers. Identification and quantification of more than 20 volatile compounds (terpenoids - ?-pinene, ?3 carene, limonene, benzene, ?-and transcaryophyllene, ?- and ?-terpinene, their derivatives, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.) were conducted by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometry. Under light intensity of 1104 ?mol-m-2-s-1, heat resistance of photosynthesis and respiration increased at 35В°C and decreased at 45В°C. The action of elevated temperatures brought about variations in the rate and direction of the synthesis of volatile metabolites. The emission of volatile compounds was the greatest under a reduced irradiation of 322 ?mol-m-2-s-1 and the smallest under 1104 ?mol-m-2-s-1 at 35В°C. During the repair period, the contents and proportions of volatile compounds were different from their initial values, too. The degree of disruption and the following recovery of the functional state depended on the light intensity during the exposure to elevated temperatures. The investigation of the atmosphere of the growth chamber without plants has revaled the substances that were definitely technogenic in origin: tetramethylurea, dimethylsulfide, dibutylsulfide, dibutylphthalate, and a number of components of furan and silane nature. В© 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Gitelson, I.I.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Parshina, O.V.; Ushakova, S.A.; Kalacheva, G.S.

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Volatile Metabolites and External CO2 Exchange of Wheat Cenoses under Optimal Conditions and Thermal Stress / I. I. Gitel'zon [и др.] // Prikladnaya Biokhimiya i Mikrobiologiya. - 2002. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - С. 95 . - ISSN 0555-1099
Аннотация: The effects of elevated temperature (35 and 45В°C) on photosynthesis, respiration, and both the qualitative and quantitative compositions of volatile emissions (VE) of wheat (Triticum aestuvum L. cultivar 232) cenoses at light intensities of 70, 150, or 240 W/m2 of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) were studied. At a PAR of 240 W/m2, the thermal stabilities of photosynthesis and respiration increased at 35В°C and decreased at 45В°C. Elevated temperatures nonuniformly changed the rates and direction of VE syntheses. In this process, the highest increase in VE evolution was observed at 70 W/m2; the lowest, at 240 W/m2 and 35В°C. In addition, the concentrations and composition of VE during the repair period differed from the initial values.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Gitel'zon, I.I.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Parshina, O.V.; Ushakova, S.A.; Kalacheva, G.S.

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Volatile metabolites and external CO2 exchange of wheat cenoses under optimal conditions and thermal stress / I. I. Gitel'son [et al.] // Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology. - 2002. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - P78-82, DOI 10.1023/A:1013212907872 . - ISSN 0003-6838
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
carbon dioxide -- volatile agent -- article -- biosynthesis -- carbon dioxide transport -- chemical composition -- concentration (parameters) -- controlled study -- cultivar -- metabolite -- nonhuman -- photosynthesis -- photosynthetically active radiation -- plant metabolism -- qualitative analysis -- quantitative analysis -- stress -- temperature sensitivity -- thermal exposure -- thermostability -- wheat -- Rickettsia sp. PAR -- Triticum -- Triticum aestivum
Аннотация: The effects of elevated temperature (35 and 45В°C) on photosynthesis, respiration, and both the qualitative and quantitative compositions of volatile emissions (VE) of wheat (Triticum aestuvum L. cultivar 232) cenoses at light intensities of 70, 150, or 240 W/m2 of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) were studied. At a PAR of 240 W/m2, the thermal stabilities of photosynthesis and respiration increased at 35В°C and decreased at 45В°C. Elevated temperatures nonuniformly changed the rates and direction of VE syntheses. In this process, the highest increase in VE evolution was observed at 70 W/m2 and 35В°C; the lowest, at 240 W/m2. In addition, the concentrations and composition of VE during the repair period differed from the initial values.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Gitel'son, I.I.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Parshina, O.V.; Ushakova, S.A.; Kalacheva, G.S.

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Photosynthesis and respiration in plants grown under red and white light / S. A. Ushakova [et al.] // Russian Journal of Plant Physiology. - 1997. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - P317-321 . - ISSN 1021-4437
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Cucumis sativus -- Dark respiration -- Helianthus annuus -- Line-structured spectrum -- Lycopersicon esculentum -- Photosynthesis -- Plant resistance -- Red light -- Respiration in light
Аннотация: Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants were grown under red or white light at a radiance of 115 W/m2 under controlled conditions. The red spectra were characterized by either two well-distinguished spectral lines (RL1) or only one (RL2). Apparent photosynthesis (Pa), gross photosynthesis (Pg), dark (Rd), and light (R1) respiration, the content of pigments, and the biochemical composition of plants were estimated. Enhancing the destructive red light influence led to a rise in the Pa/R1 and Pa/Pg ratios and to a decrease in chlorophyll a, nitrate, and reduced nitrogen. RL1 was more inhibitory for plants than RL2. It is concluded that declined energy efficiency of respiration contributes to the destructive effect of RL in sunflower and cucumber plants. The rearrangement of metabolic processes, at which energy efficiency of respiration is maintained, is responsible for adaptation of tomato plants to red light. The obtained results allow one to outline the ways to study the species-specific mechanisms of plant responses to prolonged RL action.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Ushakova, S.A.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Volkova, E.K.; Alekhina, E.B.; Zavorueva, E.N.

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Problem of the energy relations between bioluminescence and respiration of luminous bacteria / I. I. Gitel'zon, R. I. Chumakova, A. M. Fish // Biophysics. - 1965. - Vol. 10, Is. 1. - P108-113 . - ISSN 0006-3509
Аннотация: 1. (1) The increase in the intensity of the luminescence of bacteria observed on addition of glucose follows a curve with a well-marked maximum after which attenuation sets in. 2. (2) For the relations studied by us between the amount of glucose and the amount of bacterial suspension (1 ml 0В·1 m solution of glucose per ml suspension) the time of attaining the maximum intensity of luminescence and the ratio of the maximum intensity of emission to its level before addition of glucose do not depend on the concentration of bacteria in the suspension. 3. (3) The highest uptake of glucose by bacteria occurs in the period from addition of glucose to the moment of maximum rise in luminescence. Change in the intensity of luminescence after addition of glucose follows a curve similar to that of glucose uptake. 4. (4) We have determined the radiant flux and all the radiant energy released by bacteria in the period from addition of glucose to the moment of attaining the maximum intensity. One bacterial cell on average emits 100 quanta/sec. 5. (5) Bioluminescence accounts for 10-6 parts of the entire energy released on oxidation of glucose. В© 1966.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Physics, the Siberian Department, the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Gitel'zon, I.I.; Chumakova, R.I.; Fish, A.M.

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Consistency of gas exchange of man and plants in a closed ecological system: Lines of attack on the problem / J. I. Gitelson, Yu. N. Okladnikov // Advances in Space Research. - 1996. - Vol. 18, Is. 1-2. - P205-210 . - ISSN 0273-1177
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
carbon dioxide -- oxygen -- article -- atmosphere -- biological model -- breathing -- human -- metabolism -- microclimate -- nutrition -- photosynthesis -- physiology -- plant -- plant physiology -- Atmosphere -- Carbon Dioxide -- Ecological Systems, Closed -- Humans -- Models, Biological -- Nutrition Physiology -- Oxygen -- Photosynthesis -- Plant Physiology -- Plants -- Respiration
Аннотация: Gas exchange between man and plants in a closed ecological system based on atmosphere regeneration by plant photosynthesis is made consistent by attaining the equilibrium of human CO2 discharge and the productivity of the gas consuming bioregenerator. In this case the gas exchange might be, however, qualitatively disturbed from the equilibrium in terms of oxygen making it accumulate or decrease continuously in the air of the system. Gas exchange equilibrium in terms of O2 was attained in long-term experiments by equality of the human respiration coefficient and the plant assimilation coefficient. Varying the ratio of these parameters it is possible to control the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere to be reclaimed.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Gitelson, J.I.; Okladnikov, Yu.N.

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Man as a component of a closed ecological life support system / J. I. Gitelson, U - Okladnikov YuN // Life support & biosphere science : international journal of earth space. - 1994. - Vol. 1, Is. 2. - P73-81 . - ISSN 1069-9422
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
carbon dioxide -- oxygen -- article -- blood analysis -- blood cell count -- breathing -- construction work and architectural phenomena -- crop -- diet -- growth, development and aging -- human -- metabolism -- microclimate -- physiology -- Russian Federation -- space flight -- standard -- waste management -- water supply -- Blood Cell Count -- Blood Chemical Analysis -- Carbon Dioxide -- Crops, Agricultural -- Diet -- Ecological Systems, Closed -- Environment, Controlled -- Facility Design and Construction -- Humans -- Life Support Systems -- Oxygen -- Respiration -- Russia -- Space Flight -- Waste Management -- Water Supply
Аннотация: Material support of all manned space flights so far has been provided from a prestored stock of substances or replenished from the Earth's biosphere. Exploration of space will, however, become real only when man is able to break away from Earth completely, when he will be accompanied by a system providing everything necessary to sustain full-valued life for an unlimited time. The only known system to date meeting this requirement is the Earth's biosphere. To break away from his cradle, as K.E. Tsiolkovsky called Earth, it is necessary to devise a life support system functionally similar to the natural biosphere. This need not be similar in structure to the vast diversity of trophic relationships available on Earth, but requires the solution of a multitude of various problems of an ecological, physiological, engineering and social-psychological nature. Human life-support systems based on biological regeneration of environments in small volumes have been studied at the Institute of Biophysics (Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences) over many years. This work has resulted in the design of Bios-3, a biologically-based self-sustained human life support system.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics (Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences), Krasnoyarsk, Russia. : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Gitelson, J.I.; , U - Okladnikov YuN

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10.

Modeling of CO2 fluxes between atmosphere and boreal forest / Y. V. Barkhatov [et al.] ; ed.: Z Yang, Z Yang // 18TH BIENNIAL ISEM CONFERENCE ON ECOLOGICAL MODELLING FOR GLOBAL CHANGE AND COUPLED HUMAN AND NATURAL SYSTEM. Ser. Procedia Environmental Sciences : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2012. - Vol. 13: 18th Biennial ISEM Conference on Ecological Modelling for Global Change and Coupled Human and Natural Systems (SEP 20-23, 2011, Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA). - P621-625, DOI 10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.053. - Cited References: 17 . - 5. - ISBN 1878-0296

РУБ Ecology + Environmental Sciences
Рубрики:
CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUXES
   SIBERIA
   BUDGET
   SINKS
   RATIO
   O-2
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Global carbon cycle -- Siberian boreal forests -- mathematical modeling -- atmospheric boundary layer budget method
Аннотация: Difficulties in estimating terrestrial ecosystem CO2 fluxes on regional scales have significantly limited our understanding of the global carbon cycle. We present a method of using tall-tower-based CO2 concentrations for estimating CO2 fluxes over a forested region. With long-term measurements of the CO2 mixing ratio at a 300-m-tall tower, regional CO2 fluxes were estimated for several months, from the first obtained data. Estimates of a monthly-integrated surface CO2 flux over the region were obtained by the analysis of average gradients and estimates of the rate of vertical mixing between the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and the free troposphere. For the comparison of the ABL budget method and field measurements a zero-dimensional mathematical model of the ecosystem of Siberian boreal forests was used. The model is a system of ordinary differential equations with additional conditions superimposed on the parameters. The main occurring processes are described - photosynthesis, respiration, seasonal changes of active phytomass, water balance of trees, the influence of light, humidity, and temperature on photosynthesis and respiration. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B. V. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of School of Environment, Beijing Normal University.

Держатели документа:
[Barkhatov, Y. V.
Belolipetsky, P. V.
Degermendzhi, A. G.
Shchemel, A. L.] Inst Biophys SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Barkhatov, Y.V.; Belolipetsky, P.V.; Degermendzhi, A.G.; Belolipetskii, V.M.; Verkhovets, S.V.; Timokhina, A.V.; Panov, A.V.; Shchemel, A.L.; Vedrova, E.F.; Trephilova, O.V.; Yang, Z \ed.\

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11.

Mass exchange in an experimental new-generation life support system model based on biological regeneration of environment [Text] / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] ; ed. M Nelson [et al.] // SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - P1711-1720, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00108-X. - Cited References: 13 . - 10. - ISBN 0273-1177

РУБ Engineering, Aerospace + Astronomy & Astrophysics + Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: An experimental model of a biological life support system was used to evaluate qualitative and quantitative parameters of the internal mass exchange. The photosynthesizing unit included the higher plant component (wheat and radish), and the heterotrophic unit consisted of a soil-like substrate, California worms, mushrooms and microbial microflora. The gas mass exchange involved evolution of oxygen by the photosynthesizing component and its uptake by the heterotroph component along with the formation and maintaining of the SLS structure, growth of mushrooms and California worms, human respiration, and some other processes. Human presence in the system in the form of "virtual human" that at regular intervals took part in the respirative gas exchange during the experiment. Experimental data demonstrated good oxygen/carbon dioxide balance, and the closure of the cycles of these gases was almost complete. The water cycle was nearly 100% closed. The main components in the water mass exchange were transpiration water and the watering solution with mineral elements. Human consumption of the edible plant biomass (grains and roots) was simulated by processing these products by a unique physicochemical method of oxidizing them to inorganic mineral compounds, which were then returned into the system and fully assimilated by the plants. The oxidation was achieved by "wet combustion" of organic biomass, using hydrogen peroxide following a special procedure, which does not require high temperature and pressure. Hydrogen peroxide is produced from the water inside the system. The closure of the cycle was estimated for individual elements and compounds. Stoichiometric proportions are given for the main components included in the experimental model of the system. Approaches to the mathematical modeling of the cycling processes are discussed, using the data of the experimental model. Nitrogen, as a representative of biogenic elements, shows an almost 100% closure of the cycle inside the system, The proposed experimental model of a biological system is discussed as a candidate for potential application in the investigations aimed at creating ecosystems with largely closed cycles of the internal mass exchange. The formation and maintenance of sustainable cycling of vitally important chemical elements and compounds in biological life support systems (BLSS) is an extremely pressing problem. To attain the stable functioning of biological life support systems (BLSS) and to maintain a high degree of closure of material cycles in them, it is essential to understand the character of mass exchange processes and stoichiometric proportions of the initial and synthesized components of the system. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Univ Strasbourg 1, Clermont Ferrand, France
ESA, Estec, Environm Control & Life Support Sect, Noordwijk, Netherlands : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A.A.; Ushakova, S.A.; Manukovsky, N.S.; Lisovsky, G.M.; Kudenko, Y.A.; Kovalev, V.S.; Gubanov, V.G.; Barkhatov, Y.V.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Zolotukhin, I.G.; Gros, J.B.; Lasseur, C...; Nelson, M \ed.\; Pechurkin, NS \ed.\; Dempster, WF \ed.\; Somova, LA \ed.\; Somo, , LA \ed.\

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12.

Component elements of the carbon cycle in the middle and lower Yenisei River [Text] / A. P. Tolomeev [et al.] // Contemp. Probl. Ecol. - 2014. - Vol. 7, Is. 4. - P489-500, DOI 10.1134/S1995425514040118. - Cited References: 41. - This work was supported by a grant from the government of the Russian Federation for support of scientific research activities implemented under the supervision of leading scientists at Russian institutions of higher education (no. 11.G34.31.0014) and by project G-1 of the Siberian Federal University carried out according to Federal Program of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. . - ISSN 1995-4255. - ISSN 1995-4263

РУБ Ecology
Рубрики:
DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER
   DCMU-FLUORESCENCE METHOD
   ARCTIC-OCEAN
   KARA SEA
   OB
   RESPIRATION
   ECOSYSTEM
   SIBERIA
   FLUXES
   BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Yenisei River -- carbon cycle -- nutrients -- primary production -- respiration -- phytoplankton -- bacterioplankton
Аннотация: An integrated study of the middle and lower Yenisei River was performed in the summer of 2012. It involved monitoring the key elements and ecological processes associated with the carbon cycle of the river ecosystem (the study area is more than 1800 km long). Measurements of the production and destruction processes have shown the failure of the "neutral pipe" hypothesis claiming that any river is a simple drain of carbon from terrestrial ecosystems to the ocean. The Yenisei River is not a purely heterotrophic ecosystem. It also has autotrophic areas, where the primary production of planktonic photosynthesis is higher than respiration (above the Angara River and near the Bolshaya and Malaya Heta rivers). According to the data, the respiration rate of the plankton community in the river depends mostly on the water temperature and the content of inorganic phosphorous that can restrict the amount of organic matter consumed by bacterioplankton.

WOS
Держатели документа:
[Tolomeev, A. P.
Anishchenko, O. V.
Kravchuk, E. S.
Kolmakova, O. V.
Makhutova, O. N.
Kolmakova, A. A.
Kolmakov, V. I.
Trusova, M. Yu
Sushchik, N. N.
Gladyshev, M. I.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, Inst Biophys, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
[Kolmakova, O. V.
Glushchenko, L. A.
Kolmakov, V. I.
Sushchik, N. N.
Gladyshev, M. I.] Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia
ИБФ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tolomeev, A.P.; Anishchenko, O.V.; Kravchuk, E.S.; Kolmakova, O.V.; Glushchenko, L.A.; Makhutova, O.N.; Kolmakova, A.A.; Kolmakov, V.I.; Trusova, M.Y.; Sushchik, N.N.; Gladyshev, M.I.; government of the Russian Federation [11.G34.31.0014]; Siberian Federal University [G-1]

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13.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS, RESPIRATION, AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RADISH CENOSES GROWN UNDER RED AND BLUE-LIGHT [Text] / S. A. USHAKOVA [et al.] // SOVIET PLANT PHYSIOLOGY. - 1992. - Vol. 39, Is. 3. - P. 307-311. - Cited References: 18 . - ISSN 0038-5719

РУБ Plant Sciences

Кл.слова (ненормированные):
RADISH -- BLUE AND RED LIGHT -- CO2 EXCHANGE -- PRODUCTIVITY
Аннотация: We investigated the influence of blue (BL) and red (RL) light on gas exchange, biochemical composition, pigment content, and productivity in cenoses of radish plants (Raphanus sativa L.). The rates or true photosynthesis and light respiration are lower in RL than in BL, whereas the rate of apparent photosynthesis and productivity of vegetative mass are higher in the former than the latter. Possible causes of the different action of RL and BL on productive activity of radish cenoses are discussed in the paper.

WOS : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
USHAKOVA, S.A.; VOLKOVA, E.K.; SHALAEVA, E.E.; TIKHOMIROV, A.A.

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14.

Metallic salts action on bacterial bioluminescent systems of different complexity [Текст] / N. S. Kudryasheva [и др.] // Biofizika. - 1996. - Vol. 41, Is. 6. - P. 1264-1269. - Cited References: 12 . - ISSN 0006-3029

РУБ Biophysics

Аннотация: Action of metallic salts on the bacterial bioluminescent systems (1 - water-soluble coupled system luciferase - NADH:FMN-oxydoreductase; 2 - immobilized in starch gel coupled system luciferase - NADH:FMN-oxydoreductase; 3 - intact bacteria) has been studied. The action parameters have been calculated. The effects have been shown to depend on nature of cations but not anions. Electronic structure of cations (nature of external orbitals, charge, radii) has been taken into account. Cations with similar electronic shells nature affect on the row of the bioluminescent systems mentioned above in a similar way. Differences in effects have been explained with diffusion rate, cellular shell and respiration of bacteria.

WOS : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Kudryasheva, N.S.; Zuzikova, E.V.; Gutnyk, T.V.; Kuznetsov, A.M.

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15.

Volatile metabolites and external CO2 exchange of wheat cenoses under optimal conditions and thermal stress [Text] / I. I. Gitel'son [et al.] // Appl. Biochem. Microbiol. - 2002. - Vol. 38, Is. 1. - P. 78-82, DOI 10.1023/A:1013212907872. - Cited References: 17 . - ISSN 0003-6838

РУБ Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology + Microbiology
Рубрики:
EMISSIONS
Аннотация: The effects of elevated temperature (35 and 45degreesC) on photosynthesis, respiration, and both the qualitative and quantitative compositions of volatile emissions (VE) of wheat (Triticum aestuvum L. cultivar 232) cenoses at light intensities of 70, 150, or 240 W/m(2) of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) were studied. At a PAR of 240 W/m(2), the thermal stabilities of photosynthesis and respiration increased at 35degreesC and decreased at 45degreesC. Elevated temperatures nonuniformly changed the rates and direction of VE syntheses. In this process, the highest increase in VE evolution was observed at 70 W/m(2) and 35degreesC; the lowest, at 240 W/m(2). In addition, the concentrations and composition of VE during the repair period differed from the initial values.

WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Inst Biophys, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
ИБФ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Gitel'son, I.I.; Tikhomirov, A.A.; Parshina, O.V.; Ushakova, S.A.; Kalacheva, G.S.

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16.

Synthesis of biomass and utilization of plants wastes in a physical model of biological life-support system [Text] / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // Acta Astronaut. - 2003. - Vol. 53: 53rd Congress of the International-Astronautical-Federation (IAF) (OCT 10, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 04.10.2013. - P. 249-257, DOI 10.1016/S0094-5765(03)00137-1. - Cited References: 16 . - ISSN 0094-5765

РУБ Engineering, Aerospace

Аннотация: The paper considers problems of biosynthesis of higher plants' biomass and "bioloaical incineration" of plant wastes in a working physical model of biological LSS. The plant wastes are "biologically incinerated" in a special heterotrophic block involving Californian worms, mushrooms and straw. The block processes plant wastes (straw, haulms) to produce soil-like substrate (SLS) on which plants (wheat, radish) are grown. Gas exchange in such a system consists of respiratory gas exchange of SLS and photosynthesis and respiration of plants. Specifics of gas exchange dynamics of high plants - SLS complex has been considered. Relationship between such a gas exchange and PAR irradiance and age of plants has been established. Nitrogen and iron were found to the first to limit plants' growth on SLS when process conditions are deranged. The SLS microflora has been found to have different kinds of ammonifying and denitrifying bacteria which is indicative of intensive transformation of nitrogen-containing compounds. The number of physiological groups of microorganisms in SLS was, on the whole, steady. As a result, organic substances - products of exchange of plants and microorganisms were not accumulated in the medium, but mineralized and assimilated by the biocenosis. Experiments showed that the developed model of a manmade ecosystem realized complete utilization of plant wastes and involved them into the intrasystem turnover. (C) 2003 International Astronautical Federation. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Univ B Pascal, Clermont Ferrand, France
Estec, ESA, Environm Control & Life Support Sect, Noordwijk, Netherlands
ИБФ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A.A.; Ushakova, S.A.; Manukovsky, N.S.; Lisovsky, G.M.; Kudenko, Y.A.; Kovalev, V.S.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Tirranen, L.S.; Zolotukhin, I.G.; Gros, J.B.; Lasseur, C...

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17.

Mass exchange in an experimental new-generation life support system model based on biological regeneration of environment [Text] / A. A. Tikhomirov [et al.] ; ed. M Nelson [et al.] // SPACE LIFE SCIENCES: CLOSED ARTIFICIAL ECOSYSTEMS AND LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS. Ser. ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2003. - Vol. 31: Meeting of F4 1 Session of the 34th Scientific Assembly of COSPAR (OCT, 2002, HOUSTON, TEXAS), Is. 7. - P. 1711-1720, DOI 10.1016/S0273-1177(03)00108-X. - Cited References: 13 . - ISBN 0273-1177

РУБ Engineering, Aerospace + Astronomy & Astrophysics + Ecology + Geosciences, Multidisciplinary + Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences

Аннотация: An experimental model of a biological life support system was used to evaluate qualitative and quantitative parameters of the internal mass exchange. The photosynthesizing unit included the higher plant component (wheat and radish), and the heterotrophic unit consisted of a soil-like substrate, California worms, mushrooms and microbial microflora. The gas mass exchange involved evolution of oxygen by the photosynthesizing component and its uptake by the heterotroph component along with the formation and maintaining of the SLS structure, growth of mushrooms and California worms, human respiration, and some other processes. Human presence in the system in the form of "virtual human" that at regular intervals took part in the respirative gas exchange during the experiment. Experimental data demonstrated good oxygen/carbon dioxide balance, and the closure of the cycles of these gases was almost complete. The water cycle was nearly 100% closed. The main components in the water mass exchange were transpiration water and the watering solution with mineral elements. Human consumption of the edible plant biomass (grains and roots) was simulated by processing these products by a unique physicochemical method of oxidizing them to inorganic mineral compounds, which were then returned into the system and fully assimilated by the plants. The oxidation was achieved by "wet combustion" of organic biomass, using hydrogen peroxide following a special procedure, which does not require high temperature and pressure. Hydrogen peroxide is produced from the water inside the system. The closure of the cycle was estimated for individual elements and compounds. Stoichiometric proportions are given for the main components included in the experimental model of the system. Approaches to the mathematical modeling of the cycling processes are discussed, using the data of the experimental model. Nitrogen, as a representative of biogenic elements, shows an almost 100% closure of the cycle inside the system, The proposed experimental model of a biological system is discussed as a candidate for potential application in the investigations aimed at creating ecosystems with largely closed cycles of the internal mass exchange. The formation and maintenance of sustainable cycling of vitally important chemical elements and compounds in biological life support systems (BLSS) is an extremely pressing problem. To attain the stable functioning of biological life support systems (BLSS) and to maintain a high degree of closure of material cycles in them, it is essential to understand the character of mass exchange processes and stoichiometric proportions of the initial and synthesized components of the system. (C) 2003 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Univ Strasbourg 1, Clermont Ferrand, France
ESA, Estec, Environm Control & Life Support Sect, Noordwijk, Netherlands
ИБФ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A.A.; Ushakova, S.A.; Manukovsky, N.S.; Lisovsky, G.M.; Kudenko, Y.A.; Kovalev, V.S.; Gubanov, V.G.; Barkhatov, Y.V.; Gribovskaya, I.V.; Zolotukhin, I.G.; Gros, J.B.; Lasseur, C...; Nelson, M \ed.\; Pechurkin, NS \ed.\; Dempster, WF \ed.\; Somova, LA \ed.\; Somo, , LA \ed.\

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18.

Experimental modeling of the influence of the rise in average summer temperatures on carbon circulation in tundra ecosystems / Y. V. Barkhatov [et al.] // Dokl. Earth Sci. - 2016. - Vol. 471, Is. 1. - P1168-1170, DOI 10.1134/S1028334X16110106 . - ISSN 1028-334X
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Carbon dioxide -- Ecology -- Landforms -- Carbon fluxes -- Climate condition -- Comparative evaluations -- Experimental modeling -- Physical simulation -- Soil respiration -- Summer temperature -- Temperature rise -- Ecosystems
Аннотация: A sealed vegetation chamber was designed and constructed for physical simulation of climate conditions in the Subarctic zone during the spring–summer time. The small laboratory tundra-simulating ecosystem (TSE) was created for comparative evaluation of the rates of soil respiration and of the total balance of carbon fluxes in tundra ecosystems. The test experiment was performed to study the TSE response to a temperature rise in air and soil by 2°C in terms of the intensity of the СО2 flux. It was shown that this increase in temperature would cause a pronounced shift in the balance of СО2 production and utilization in the ecosystem from near-zero values to a stable generation of 24 ?mol/h of CO2 per 1 kg of dry biomass. © 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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WOS
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Barkhatov, Y. V.; Tikhomirov, A. A.; Ushakova, S. A.; Shikhov, V. N.; Bartsev, S. I.; Degermendzhi, A. G.

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19.

Structure of microbial communities of peat soils in two bogs in Siberian tundra and forest zones / I. D. Grodnitskaya [et al.] // Microbiology. - 2018. - Vol. 87, Is. 1. - P89-102, DOI 10.1134/S0026261718010083 . - ISSN 0026-2617
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
16S rRNA gene -- bacterial diversity -- CH4 and CO2 emission -- cryogenic conditions -- methanogenesis -- methanotrophy -- microbial biomass and chemoorganotroph respiration -- oligo-mesotrophic and polygonal bogs -- permafrost -- subarctic tundra
Аннотация: The structure and functional activity of microbial complexes of a forest oligo-mesotrophic subshrub- grass-moss bog (OMB, Central Evenkiya) and a subshrub-sedge bog in the polygonal tundra (PB, Lena River Delta Samoylovsky Island) was studied. Soil of the forest bog (OMB) differed from that of the polygonal tundra bog (PB) in higher productivity (Corg, Ntotal, P, and K reserves), higher biomass of aerobic chemoorganotrophs (2.0 to 2.6 times), and twice the level of available organic matter. The contribution of microorganisms to the carbon pool was different, with the share of Cmic in Corg 1.4 to 2.5 times higher in PB compared to OMB. Qualitative composition of the methane cycle microorganisms in PB and OMB soils differed significantly. Methanogenic archaea (Euryarchaeota) in the shrub-sedge PB of tundra were more numerous and diverse than in the oligo-mesotrophic bog (OMB) and belonged to six families (Methanomassiliicoccaceae, Methanoregulaceae, Methanobacteriaceae, Methanomicrobiaceaee, Methanosarcinaceae, and Methanotrichaceae), while members of only four families (Methanosarcinacea, Methanobacteriaceae, Methanotrichaceae, and Methanomassiliicoccaceae) were revealed in OMB. In both bogs, methane-oxidizing bacteria belonged to Alphaproteobacteria (II) and Gammaproteobacteria (I). Methanotroph diversity was higher in OMB than in PB. Microbial communities of PB soils had higher potential activity of methanogenesis and methanotrophy compared to those of OMB. Methanogenic and methanotrophic activities in PB were 20 and 2.3 times higher, respectively, than in OMB. © 2018, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

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Держатели документа:
Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Information and Methodical Center for Expertise, Accounting, and Analysis of Rotation of Medical Agents, Kranoyarsk, Russian Federation
Roche Diagnostika Rus, Moscow, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Grodnitskaya, I. D.; Trusova, M. Y.; Syrtsov, S. N.; Koroban, N. V.

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20.

Establishing cycling processes in an experimental model of a closed ecosystem / A. Tikhomirov [et al.] // . - 2018, DOI 10.1016/j.actaastro.2018.08.023 . - ISSN 0094-5765
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Cycling -- Experimental model of the closed ecosystem -- Oxidation of human and plant wastes -- Plant productivity -- Carbon dioxide -- Cultivation -- Ecosystems -- Life support systems (spacecraft) -- Closed ecological systems -- Cycling -- Expanded clay aggregates -- Experimental modeling -- Photosynthetic activity -- Plant productivity -- Plant wastes -- Terrestrial application -- Plant shutdowns
Аннотация: The purpose of this study was to investigate mass exchange processes in the experimental model of a closed ecological system intended for an estimated portion of a human in the long-duration (several-month) experiment. The diversity of the vegetable crop community in the system was increased, human wastes were involved in mass exchange processes, and human respiration was periodically connected to the system. The system has been designed to test different prospective technologies for future closed life support systems intended for prolonged autonomous operation in space and terrestrial applications. Three methods of plant cultivation in the conveyer mode have been used: hydroponics on expanded clay aggregate, growing plants on the soil-like substrate, and plant cultivation in aquaculture. The technology of more effective oxidation of organic wastes in a physicochemical processing reactor has been developed. A human exhaled the air into the system and consumed the air from the system. O2 concentration did not drop below 20.8% and did not rise above 22.6%. CO2 concentration varied between 800 ppm and 2500 ppm. Plants growing under this CO2 range at a preset light irradiance showed optimal photosynthetic activity. The closure coefficients for Ca, Mg, S, N, K and P were above 90%. However, compared with the inflow, only 55% Ca, about 80% Mg, and 75% Na and P were removed from the system. The technological processes developed in this study will need to be modified and improved before they can be used in a full-scale closed biotechnical life support system intended for prolonged operation. © 2018 IAA

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Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 50/50, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Tikhomirov, A.; Ushakova, S.; Tikhomirova, N.; Velichko, V.; Trifonov, S.; Anishchenko, O.

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