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Vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in two saline lakes Shira and Shunet (South Siberia, Russia) / A. G. Degermendzhy [et al.] // Aquatic Ecology. - 2010. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - P619-632, DOI 10.1007/s10452-010-9336-6 . - ISSN 1386-2588
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Ciliates -- Cryptomonas -- Fishless lakes -- Gammarus -- Mathematical modelling -- Meromictic lakes -- Phytoplankton -- Stratification -- Sulphur bacteria -- amphipod -- bacterium -- biomass -- ciliate -- ecosystem modeling -- flagellate -- meromictic lake -- microbial community -- numerical model -- physicochemical property -- phytoplankton -- population density -- saline lake -- salinity -- stratification -- thermocline -- trophic interaction -- vertical profile -- zooplankton -- Khakassia -- Lake Shira -- Lake Shunet -- Russian Federation -- Siberia -- Amphipoda -- Bacteria (microorganisms) -- Ciliophora -- Copepoda -- Cryptomonas -- Cryptomonas sp. -- Gammaridae -- Gammarus -- Gammarus lacustris -- Phytomastigophorea -- Protista -- Rotifera
Аннотация: A feature of meromictic lakes is that several physicochemical and biological gradients affect the vertical distribution of different organisms. The vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological components in saline, fishless meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet (Siberia, Russia) is quite different mainly because both mean depth and maximum depth of lakes differ as well as their salinity levels differ. The chemocline of the Lake Shira, as in many meromictic lakes, is inhabited by bacterial community consisting of purple sulphur and heterotrophic bacteria. As the depth of the chemocline is variable, the bacterial community does not attain high densities. The mixolimnion in Lake Shira, which is thermally stratified in summer, also creates different habitat for various species. The distribution of phytoplankton is non-uniform with its biomass peak in the metalimnion. The distribution of zooplankton is also heterogeneous with rotifers and juvenile copepods inhabiting the warmer epilimnion and older copepods found in the cold but oxic hypolimnion. The amphipod Gammarus lacustris which can be assigned to the higher trophic link in the fishless lake's ecosystem, such as Lake Shira, is also distributed non-uniformly, with its peak density generally observed in the thermocline region. The chemocline in Lake Shunet is located at the depth of 5 m, and unlike in Lake Shira, due to a sharp salinity gradient between the mixolimnion and monimolimnion, this depth is very stable. The mixolimnion in Lake Shunet is relatively shallow and the chemocline is inhabited by (1) an extremely dense bacterial community; (2) a population of Cryptomonas sp.; and (3) ciliate community comprising several species. As the mixolimnion of Lake Shunet is not thermally stratified for long period, the phytoplankton and zooplankton populations are not vertically stratified. The gammarids, however, tend to concentrate in a narrow layer located 1-2 m above the chemocline. We believe that in addition to vertical inhomogeneities of both physicochemical parameters, biological and physical factors also play a role in maintaining these inhomogeneities. We conclude that the stratified distributions of the major food web components will have several implications for ecosystem structure and dynamics. Trophic interactions as well as mass and energy flows can be significantly impacted by such heterogeneous distributions. Species spatially separated even by relatively short distances, say a few centimetres will not directly compete. Importantly, we demonstrate that not only bacteria, phytoflagellates and ciliate tend to concentrate in thin layers but also larger-sized species such Gammarus (amphipods) can also under certain environmental conditions have stratified distribution with maxima in relatively thin layer. As the vertical structure of the lake ecosystem is rather complex in such stratified lakes as ours, the strategy of research, including sampling techniques, should consider potentially variable and non-homogeneous distributions. В© 2010 The Author(s).

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi 79, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL), P.O. Box 303, 3720 AH Bilthoven, Netherlands
Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), 3631 AC Nieuwersluis, Netherlands : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Degermendzhy, A.G.; Zadereev, E.S.; Rogozin, D.Y.; Prokopkin, I.G.; Barkhatov, Y.V.; Tolomeev, A.P.; Khromechek, E.B.; Janse, J.H.; Mooij, W.M.; Gulati, R.D.

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Formation of the vertical heterogeneity in the Lake Shira ecosystem: The biological mechanisms and mathematical model / A. G. Degermendzhy [et al.] // Aquatic Ecology. - 2002. - Vol. 36, Is. 2. - P271-297, DOI 10.1023/A:1015621508971 . - ISSN 1386-2588
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Hydrogen sulphide -- Phytoplankton -- Stratification control -- Sulphate-reducing bacteria -- Sulphur cycle -- Vertical model -- biological production -- community structure -- ecosystem modeling -- nutrient cycling -- plankton -- saline lake -- seasonal variation -- vertical distribution -- Russian Federation -- algae -- Arctodiaptomus -- Bacteria (microorganisms) -- Calanoida -- Chlorophyta -- Copepoda -- Crustacea -- Cyanobacteria -- Dictyosphaerium -- Lyngbya -- Lyngbya contorta
Аннотация: Data on the seasonal changes in vertical heterogeneity of the physical-chemical and biological parameters of the thermally stratified Shira Lake ecosystem (Khakasia, Siberia) in 1996-2000 have been analyzed. The interaction mechanisms involving: (1) The plankton populations in aerobic and anaerobic zones, involving the cycling of carbon and sulphur, (2) the primary production limitation (by light and phosphorus) and inhibition (by light), and (3) the kinetic characteristics of plankton populations have been elucidated. A mathematical model of the vertical structure of the lake's plankton populations, based on the ecosystem description and on vertical turbulent diffusion of the matter, has been constructed. The green alga Dictyosphaerium tetrachotomum (Chlorophyta) and the cyanobacterium Lyngbya contorta (Cyanophyta), which dominated the phytoplankton biomass, were taken as oxygen producers. Arctodiaptomus salinus (a calanoid copepod) has been assumed as the main grazer in Shira Lake as it dominated the zooplankton biomass. Four groups of microorganisms involved in the sulphur cycle formation have been distinguished: sulphur, sulphur purple, sulphur green and SRB. H2S is oxidized to sulphate (only the green sulphur bacteria oxidize it to sulphur), and sulphate is reduced to H2S, forming neither sulphur nor its water-soluble compounds. The role of grazing, light and nutrient limitation, in forming the vertical inhomogeneities, particularly in lowering the depth of the maximal cyanobacterial biomass, has been demonstrated. When the model takes into account both light limitation and nutrient limitation of algal growth by P and consumption of algae by crustaceans: (a) in the scenario where the P is formed only by the cycling and decomposition of autochthonous organic matter, both the green algae and cyanobacteria are eliminated; (b) in the scenario involving an additional P flux in the deep water layers the peak of the cyanobacteria is at a depth of 10 m, and its amplitude is close to the one observed in the lake. The position of the peak remains stable owing to the 'double' limitation mechanism: light 'from above' and P 'from below'. Another mechanism responsible for the deep position of the peak of cyanobacteria was analyzed mathematically based on the model involving the experimentally proven assumption of the growth inhibition by light in the epilimnion and the light limitation in the hypolimnion. The main result is: the peak is positioned stable at its depth and does not change with time. The analytical and numerical calculations made for this positioning mechanism yielded the formulae relating the depth of the maximum of algal biomass, the 'width' of the peak base and the peak amplitude and a number of parameters (algae elimination, turbulent diffusion coefficient, sedimentation rate, light extinction coefficient and light intensity). The theoretical curves for the stratification of chemical and biological parameters have been brought in conformity with field observations, e.g. for the different patterns for the peaks, and the biomass maxima of cyanobacteria, purple and green sulphur bacteria, oxygen, and hydrogen sulphide. The calculations revealed that for an adequate assessment of the parameters for the hydrogen sulphide zone it is necessary to introduce flows of allochthonous organic matter. For the first time, theoretically, based on the form of the sulphur distribution curve, the allochthonous input of organic matter and the inflow of hydrogen sulphide from the bottom have been discriminated. The theoretical limit for the depth up to which the hydrogen-sulphide zone can ascend under the impact of allochthonous organic loading, has been determined.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics of SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Degermendzhy, A.G.; Belolipetsky, V.M.; Zotina, T.A.; Gulati, R.D.

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Asynchronous vertical migrations of zooplankton in stratified lakes / E. S. Zadereev, A. P. Tolomeev, A. V. Drobotov // Contemporary Problems of Ecology. - 2012. - Vol. 5, Is. 4. - P443-449, DOI 10.1134/S1995425512040166 . - ISSN 1995-4255
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
individual migrations -- stratified lakes -- zooplankton -- crustacean -- epilimnion -- hypolimnion -- lake ecosystem -- thermocline -- vertical migration -- zooplankton -- Siberia -- Arctodiaptomus salinus -- Calanoida -- Copepoda
Аннотация: Asynchronous vertical migrations of calanoid copepods Arctodiaptomus salinus were studied in two stratified lakes in the south of Siberia using the method of two-section enclosures. It was found that the presence of a pronounced thermocline and a depth maximum of phytoplankton (Lake Shira) contributes to the appearance of intensive individual migrations of copepods between areas of the epi- and hypolimnion. В© 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodnyi 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Zadereev, E.S.; Tolomeev, A.P.; Drobotov, A.V.

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The vertical distribution and abundance of Gammarus lacustris in the pelagic zone of the meromictic lakes Shira and Shunet (Khakassia, Russia) / E. S. Zadereev [et al.] // Aquatic Ecology. - 2010. - Vol. 44, Is. 3. - P531-539, DOI 10.1007/s10452-010-9329-5 . - ISSN 1386-2588
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Amphipod -- Gammarus lacustris -- Meromictic lake -- Thermocline -- Vertical distribution -- abundance -- amphipod -- dissolved oxygen -- intertidal environment -- meromictic lake -- pelagic environment -- seston -- stratification -- thermocline -- vertical distribution -- videography -- water temperature -- Khakassia -- Lake Shira -- Lake Shunet -- Russian Federation -- Amphipoda -- Animalia -- Gammarus -- Gammarus lacustris
Аннотация: The vertical distribution and abundance of Gammarus lacustris in the pelagic zone of two fishless meromictic lakes, L. Shira and L. Shunet, in Southern Siberia (Russia), was studied with the underwater video recording system and using vertical hauls. In both lakes, during summer stratification, Gammarus was distributed non-homogenously, with a stable peak in the metalimnion. The average depth of Gammarus population in the pelagic zone was significantly correlated with the depth of the thermocline. Gammarus abundances obtained using vertical plankton hauls with net were quite comparable with those obtained from video records. The peak abundance of Gammarus in the pelagic zone of the lakes observed with underwater video amounted up to 400 individuals m-2, while the peak animal densities in the metalimnion reached 50 ind. m-3. The data are compared with previously published abundances of Gammarus in the littoral of Lake Shira. Both littoral and pelagic can be equally important habitats for amphipods in meromictic lakes. The absence of fish in the pelagic zone, high oxygen concentration, low water temperature, increased seston concentration, elevated water density in the metalimnion and the anoxic hypolimnion can be the most probable combination of factors that are responsible for the peak of Gammarus in the metalimnion of these lakes. В© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Akademgorodok 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Svobodnyi 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Zadereev, E.S.; Tolomeyev, A.P.; Drobotov, A.V.; Emeliyanova, A.Y.; Gubanov, M.V.

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The vertical distribution of zooplankton in brackish meromictic lake with deep-water chlorophyll maximum / Y. S. Zadereev, A. P. Tolomeyev // Hydrobiologia. - 2007. - Vol. 576, Is. 1. - P69-82, DOI 10.1007/s10750-006-0294-x . - ISSN 0018-8158
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Anoxic hypolimnion -- Deep water chlorophyll maximum -- Meromictic lake -- Stratification -- Vertical distribution -- Zooplankton -- Algae -- Chlorophyll -- Growth kinetics -- Lakes -- Saline water -- Anoxic hypolimnion -- Deep water chlorophyll maximum -- Meromictic lake -- Stratification -- Vertical distribution -- Zooplanktons -- Biodiversity -- biomass -- brackish water -- chlorophyll -- green alga -- meromictic lake -- reproduction -- stratification -- vertical distribution -- zooplankton -- Eurasia -- Khakassia -- Lake Shira -- Russian Federation -- Arctodiaptomus salinus -- Brachionus plicatilis -- Chlorophyta -- Copepoda -- Hexarthra oxiuris -- Rotifera
Аннотация: We examined the dynamics of the vertical stratification of physical, chemical and biological factors in a brackish meromictic lake with a deep-water chlorophyll maximum (Shira Lake, Russia, Khakasia) during the growing season and estimated how the vertical distribution of these factors influences the vertical distribution of the zooplankton community. The vertical distribution of zooplankton was restricted by the anoxic hypolimnion. Nauplii and younger copepodides (C1-C3) of the copepod, Arctodiaptomus salinus, and the rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis, were found in the upper warm waters. During summer stratification the maximum of A. salinus biomass, which consisted mainly of older copepodides (C4-C5) and females, was associated with the deep-water maximum of biomass of green algae, which are the preferred diet for this species. The vertical distribution of the rotifer Hexarthra oxiuris was bimodal with numerical peaks in the epi- and hypolimnion. Reproduction peaks of dominant species were separated in time. The reproduction peak of A. salinus was at the beginning of summer when A. salinus constituted up to 99% of total zooplankton biomass. The development of rotifers was detected after the reproduction peak of A. salinus when the biomass of rotifers reached 50% of total zooplankton biomass. В© 2007 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Zadereev, Y.S.; Tolomeyev, A.P.

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An in situ method for the investigation of vertical distributions of zooplankton in lakes: Test of a two-compartment enclosure / A. P. Tolomeyev, Y. S. Zadereev // Aquatic Ecology. - 2005. - Vol. 39, Is. 1-2. - P181-188, DOI 10.1007/s10452-004-5732-0 . - ISSN 1386-2588
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Anoxic hypolimnion -- Solar radiation -- Stratified lake -- Vertical migration -- Zooplankton -- biotic factor -- enclosure experiment -- lake ecosystem -- physicochemical property -- vertical distribution -- zooplankton -- Animalia -- Arctodiaptomus salinus -- Brachionus plicatilis
Аннотация: Two-section enclosures were designed for the investigation of the effect of various physicochemical and biological factors on vertical distribution of zooplankton in situ. The framework of the enclosure was a cylindrical polyethylene column without any partitions inside, in which the isolation of animals in different sections after in situ exposure was achieved by pinching the flexible central part of the column. Enclosures were tested at the brackish stratified meromictic Lake Shira (Russia, Khakasia). The absence of fish and carnivorous zooplankton in the lake suggests that the vertical distribution of zooplankton is mainly determined by physicochemical gradients in the water column. Experiments and field observations demonstrated that all age and size groups of Arctodiaptomus salinus and Brachionus plicatilis strongly avoided surface layers during the daylight. The escape of zooplankton from the anoxic hypolimnion was less active. Statistically significant avoidance was observed only for copepodites C4-C5 and females of A. salinus. The relatively simple construction of the columns and easy handling during the experiment were the factors that favoured the use of this device to perform in situ basic tests of the effect of different factors on the vertical distribution of zooplankton. В© Springer 2005.

Scopus
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Akademgorodok, 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tolomeyev, A.P.; Zadereev, Y.S.

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Distribution of heterotrophic bacteria in Lake Shira [Text] / T. I. Lobova, L. V. Listova, L. Y. Popova // Microbiology. - 2004. - Vol. 73, Is. 1. - P. 89-93, DOI 10.1023/B:MICI.0000016375.87884.fc. - Cited References: 12 . - ISSN 0026-2617

РУБ Microbiology

Кл.слова (ненормированные):
saline lakes -- halotolerance -- mesophilic and psychrotolerant heterotrophic bacteria -- autochthonous and allochthonous microorganisms
Аннотация: A study of the horizontal and vertical distribution of heterotrophic bacteria in brackish Lake Shira in summer periods showed that mesophilic bacteria dominated in all areas of the lake, whereas psychrotolerant bacteria dominated in the metalimnion and hypolimnion of its central part. Nonhalophilic bacteria were mostly mesophilic and dominated in coastal waters. Most psychrotolerant bacteria were able to grow in the presence of 5-10% NaCl. Heterotrophic bacteria isolated in different regions of the lake were identified to a generic level. The isolates were classified into autochthonous and allochthonous microorganisms on the bases of their distribution pattern in the lake water, halotolerance, and ability to grow at low temperatures.

WOS
Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Div, Inst Biophys, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
ИБФ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Lobova, T.I.; Listova, L.V.; Popova, L.Y.

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An in situ method for the investigation of vertical distributions of zooplankton in lakes: test of a two-compartment enclosure [Text] / A. P. Tolomeyev, Y. S. Zadereev // Aquat. Ecol. - 2005. - Vol. 39, Is. 2. - P. 181-188, DOI 10.1007/s10452-004-5732-0. - Cited References: 21 . - ISSN 1386-2588

РУБ Ecology + Limnology + Marine & Freshwater Biology
Рубрики:
MIGRATION
   DAPHNIA
   RADIATION
   COPEPODS
   EXPOSURE
   PATTERNS
   LIGHT
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
anoxic hypolimnion -- solar radiation -- stratified lake -- vertical migration -- zooplankton
Аннотация: Two-section enclosures were designed for the investigation of the effect of various physicochemical and biological factors on vertical distribution of zooplankton in situ. The framework of the enclosure was a cylindrical polyethylene column without any partitions inside, in which the isolation of animals in different sections after in situ exposure was achieved by pinching the flexible central part of the column. Enclosures were tested at the brackish stratified meromictic Lake Shira (Russia, Khakasia). The absence of fish and carnivorous zooplankton in the lake suggests that the vertical distribution of zooplankton is mainly determined by physicochemical gradients in the water column. Experiments and field observations demonstrated that all age and size groups of Arctodiaptomus salinus and Brachionus plicatilis strongly avoided surface layers during the daylight. The escape of zooplankton from the anoxic hypolimnion was less active. Statistically significant avoidance was observed only for copepodites C4-C5 and females of A. salinus. The relatively simple construction of the columns and easy handling during the experiment were the factors that favoured the use of this device to perform in situ basic tests of the effect of different factors on the vertical distribution of zooplankton.

WOS
Держатели документа:
SB RAS, Inst Biophys, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia
ИБФ СО РАН : 660036, Красноярск, Академгородок, д. 50, стр. 50

Доп.точки доступа:
Tolomeyev, A.P.; Zadereev, Y.S.

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One-dimensional Model for Studying Seasonal Changes of Vertical Structure of Salt Lake Uchum / V. M. Belolipetskii [et al.] // J. Sib. Fed. Univ.-Math. Phys. - 2019. - Vol. 12, Is. 1. - P100-108, DOI 10.17516/1997-1397-2019-12-1-100-108. - Cited References:19. - The work was supported by the RFBR grants (16-05-00091) and Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the government of the region of the Russian Federation, grant 18-45-243002. . - ISSN 1997-1397. - ISSN 2313-6022

РУБ Mathematics
Рубрики:
CIRCULATION
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
salt lake -- one-dimensioanal vertical model -- temperature and salinity -- profiles of water
Аннотация: Many salt lakes are meromictic, in which the water column is not mixed to the bottom for at least one year. In the stratified lake, the upper (epilimnion) and deep (hypolimnion) layers are distinguished, in which the density gradients are small. Between them is a layer of water (metalimnion), within which the density gradient is great. In the near-bottom layer, hydrogen sulphide accumulates and there is no oxygen. One-dimensional mathematical models are used to determine the dynamics of the vertical thermohaline structure of the salt lake Uchum. Two periods in the annual regime are considered: the period of the absence of the ice cover (IC) and the period with the existence of the IC. The vertical distributions of temperature and water salinity in Lake Uchum have been calculated in different seasons. The results of the calculations are consistent with the data of field measurements.

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Scopus
Держатели документа:
Inst Computat Modelling SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50-44, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Inst Biophys SB RAS, Akademgorodok 50-50, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, Svobodny 79, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Belolipetskii, Victor M.; Genova, Svetlana N.; Degermendzhy, Andrey G.; Zykov, Vladimir V.; Rogozin, Denis Yu; RFBR [16-05-00091]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; government of the region of the Russian Federation [18-45-243002]

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