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    (NH4)3HfF7: Crystallooptical and calorimetric studies of a number of successive phase transitions / E. Pogoreltsev [et al.] // J. Fluor. Chem. - 2017. - Vol. 204. - P. 45-49, DOI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2017.10.004. - Cited References: 14 . - ISSN 0022-1139
   Перевод заглавия: (NH4)3HfF7: Кристаллооптические и калориметрические исследования ряда последовательных фазовых переходов
Аннотация: Single crystals of (NH4)3HfF7 were grown. Polarising optical observations as well as measurement of the heat capacity and birefringence Δn(Т) were performed in the temperature range of 200–310 K. Reversible phase transitions at temperatures T0 = 290 K, Т1 = 280.5 K, Т2 ≈ 273 K, Т3 = 266 K, Т4 = 259 K, Т5 = 231 K, Т6 = 229 K were found. Observations in polarised light make it possible to suggest a sequence of changes in the symmetry groups for these transitions: Fm3m ⟵Т0→ cub. ⟵Т1→ mmm (1) ⟵Т2→ mmm (2) ⟵Т3→ mmm (3) ⟵Т5→ 2/c. The T-p phase diagram was studied and the temperature boundaries of the stability of the distorted crystalline phases were determined. A significant change of the entropy at successive phase transitions ΣΔS = 10.6 J/mol K indicates a disordering of the initial cubic phase.

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Держатели документа:
Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Institute of Engineering Physics and Radioelectronics, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Institute of Engineering Systems and Energy, Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Department of RAS, Vladivostok, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Pogoreltsev, E. I.; Погорельцев, Евгений Ильич; Bogdanov, E. V.; Богданов, Евгений Витальевич; Melnikova, S.V.; Мельникова, Светлана Владимировна; Flerov, I. N.; Флёров, Игорь Николаевич; Laptash, N. M.
}
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9th-order nonlinear polarization and VUV generation in HG vapor / V. F. Lukinykh [et al.] // Appl. Phys. B. - 1984. - Vol. 34, Is. 3. - P. 171-173, DOI 10.1007/BF00697511. - Cited References: 13 . - ISSN 0721-7269

РУБ Physics, Applied

Кл.слова (ненормированные):
42.65 -- 42.80 -- LIGHT - Nonlinear Optical Effects -- VAPORS -- MERCURY AND AMALGAMS

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Держатели документа:
L. V. Kirensky Institute of Physics, USSR Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, SU-660036, Russia
Krasnoyarsk State University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Lukinykh, V. F.; Myslivets, S. A.; Мысливец, Сергей Александрович; Popov, A. K.; Попов, Александр Кузьмич; Slabko, V. V.; Слабко, Виталий Васильевич
}
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A comparative study of the structure of copper and lead xanthates / S. A. Vorobyev [et al.] // J. Struct. Chem. - 2017. - Vol. 58, Is. 6. - P. 1144-1151, DOI 10.1134/S0022476617060117. - Cited References: 38 . - ISSN 0022-4766
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
copper xanthate -- lead xanthate -- dixanthogen -- structure -- XPS -- EXAFS -- solid state NMR
Аннотация: XPS, PbL3 and CuK EXAFS, solid state NMR, and EPR techniques are used to study insoluble products formed in the interaction of aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrate and copper (II) sulfate with potassium nbutylxanthate (KX). The XPS spectra of lead xanthates with the composition PbX2 are similar to those of KX, and interatomic distances of 0.279 nm suggest a nearly ionic character of Pb–S bonds. In copper xanthate precipitating together with dixanthogen (approximately 15 wt.%), the Cu(I)–S bond length is smaller (0.229 nm), and copper coordination number of 2.9 in a composite with dixanthogen increases to 3.3 after its removal by washing with acetone. The XPS spectra indicate the covalent character of the bond and non-equivalence of xanthate radicals. Solid state 1H and 13C NMR spectra as well as the actual absence of metal lines under the measurement conditions demonstrate strong disordering of the structure of xanthates, which is stronger for PbX2 and weakest in CuX after the removal of dixanthogen. EPR reveals sulfur-containing radicals and Cu2+ in CuX, however, their amounts are insignificant and decrease after the washing with acetone. The results of the work are significant for the understanding of the reactivity of xanthates, in particular, under the conditions of flotation of base metal ores.

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Публикация на русском языке Сравнительное исследование структуры ксантогенатов меди и свинца [Текст] / C. А. Воробьев [и др.] // Журн. структ. химии. - 2017. - Т. 58 № 6. - С. 1191-1198

Держатели документа:
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Kirensky Insitute of Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Vorobyev, S. A.; Saikova, S. V.; Erenburg, S. B.; Trubina, S. V.; Ivanov, Y. N.; Иванов, Юрий Николаевич; Maksimov, N. G.; Mikhlin, Y. L.
}
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A complex of ceftriaxone with Pb(II): synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity study / A. O. Lykhin [et al.] // J. Coord. Chem. - 2014. - Vol. 67, Is. 16. - З. 2783-2794, DOI 10.1080/00958972.2014.938065. - Cited References: 48. - The reported study was supported by RFBR, research project No. 14-03-31, 170 MOJI_a and Krasnoyarsk regional fund for supporting scientific and technological activities. We thank the Center for Equipment Joint Use of the Siberian Federal University. We are grateful to the HPC Research Departments of Siberian Federal University and Moscow University Supercomputing Center (SKIF MSU "Chebyshev") for the access to the high-performance computer clusters. . - ISSN 0095-8972. - ISSN 1029-0389

РУБ Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Рубрики:
BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS
   TERNARY COMPLEX
   METAL-COMPLEXES
   BASIS-SETS
   3 DECADES
   RESISTANCE
   COPPER(II)
   CEPHALOSPORINS
   EVOLUTION
   1ST-ROW
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Ceftriaxone lead(II) complex -- DFT -- IR spectroscopy -- TGA -- Antibacterial screening
Аннотация: A Pb(II) complex with ceftriaxone (H2Ceftria) antibiotic was synthesized by reaction of ceftriaxone disodium salt (hemi)heptahydrate with lead nitrate in water–ethanol medium. The complex was characterized on the basis of complexometric titration, spectrophotometric and thermogravimetric analyses, capillary electrophoresis, IR, Raman and UV–vis spectroscopies, and density functional theory calculations. Pb(II) is five-coordinate with distorted square pyramidal geometry. The coordination of Ceftria2− to Pb(II) occurs through N and O of the triazine, lactam carbonyl, carboxylate, and amine groups. The antibacterial activity study showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to [Pb(Ceftria)]·3H2O. The antibacterial activity of [Pb(Ceftria)]·3H2O against Staphylococcus aureus is reduced compared with ceftriaxone. In contrast, the antibacterial activity of [Pb(Ceftria)]·3H2O against Escherichia coli is 28% higher than that of ceftriaxone antibiotic.

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Держатели документа:
Siberian Fed Univ, Dept Chem, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Siberian State Aerosp Univ, Informat Sci & Telecommun Inst, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, LV Kirensky Inst Phys, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Siberian State Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Reno, NV 89557 USA

Доп.точки доступа:
Lykhin, A. O.; Лыхин А. О.; Novikova, G. V.; Новикова Г. В.; Kuzubov, A. A.; Кузубов, Александр Александрович; Staloverova, N. A.; Сталоверова Н. А.; Sarmatova, N. I.; Сарматова Н. И.; Varganov, S. A.; Варганов, Сергей Александрович; Krasnov, P. O.; Краснов, Павел Олегович; RFBR [14-03-31, 170 MOJI_a]
}
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A high thermal stability Cr3+-doped gallate far red phosphor for plant lighting: structure, luminescence enhancement and application prospect / C. Zhou, L. Peng, Z. H. Kong [et al.] // J. Mater. Chem. C. - 2022. - Vol. 10, Is. 15. - P. 5829-5839, DOI 10.1039/d2tc00614f. - Cited References: 39. - The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant no. 51974123), the Distinguished Youth Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant no. 2020JJ2018), Key R & D projects in Hunan Province (2020WK2016 & 2020SK2032), the Hunan High Level Talent Gathering Project (2019RS1077 & 2020RC5007), the Natural Sciences Foundation of Hunan Agricultural University (19QN11), the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization Science Foundation (19KFXM12), the Changsha Science and technology plan (KH2005114), the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (19C0903) and the Innovation Training Program for College Students of Hunan Province (No. S202010537012) . - ISSN 2050-7526. - ISSN 2050-7534

РУБ Materials Science, Multidisciplinary + Physics, Applied
Рубрики:
EMITTING PHOSPHOR
TUNING PHOTOLUMINESCENCE
LEDS
Аннотация: Cationic substitution is a common material modification strategy. Generally, it follows the principles of radius matching, valency equilibrium and stoichiometric substitution. However, radius-mismatched, nonstoichiometric-ratio ion substitution can achieve unexpected experimental results. Such unexpected results are very important for expanding the research of materials, but the modification mechanism is still unclear. In this work, the optical performance of ZnGa2O4:0.02Cr3+ (ZGO:0.02Cr3+) is effectively regulated by chemical unit cosubstitution (Ge4+–Li+/Na+ for Ga3+–Zn2+) and excess cation substitution synergetic strategies, and the thermal stability is retained at 97.7% at room temperature and 150 °C. Ge4+–Li+ and Ge4+–Na+ replace the lattice position of Ga3+–Zn2+ to enhance the photoluminescence (PL) intensity and quantum efficiency (QE) of ZGO:0.02Cr3+. The optimal doping contents of Ge4+–Li+ and Ge4+–Na+ are all 0.3 mol (PL intensity is 130.3% and 153.4% and QE = 77.4% and 85.1%). With further addition of Li+ ions, the emission intensity and QE continued to increase to 176.4% and 83.8%, respectively. The synergistic effect of the mechanism on optical properties is explained via Rietveld refinement, optical band gap energy and thermoluminescence. Finally, LED devices were fabricated by using the ZGO:0.02Cr3+,0.03Ge4+,0.11Li+ phosphor to investigate the effect on plant growth. The growth period was reduced and the fruit quality was improved in dwarf potted tomato, which shows the application prospect in plant growth of the ZGO:0.02Cr3+ phosphor.

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Держатели документа:
Hunan Agr Univ, Sch Chem & Mat Sci, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
Hunan Opt Agr Engn Technol Res Ctr, Changsha 410128, Peoples R China.
Siberian Fed Univ, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.
Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Chem, State Key Lab Optoelect Mat & Technol, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China.

Доп.точки доступа:
Zhou, Cheng; Peng, L.u.; Kong, Zihui; Wu, Meihan; Molokeev, M. S.; Молокеев, Максим Сергеевич; Zhou, Zhi; Wang, Jing; Xia, Mao
}
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    A novel Cr3+-doped stannate far red phosphor for plant lighting: structure evolution, broad-narrow spectrum tuning and application prospect / S. J. Gai, C. Zhou, L. Peng [et al.] // Mater. Today Chem. - 2022. - Vol. 26. - Ст. 101107, DOI 10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101107. - Cited References: 50. - The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51974123), the Distinguished Youth Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No.2020JJ2018), the Key R & D projects in Hunan Province (2020WK2016, 2020SK2032, 2021SK2047, 2022NK2044), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (Grant No. 2021JJ40261), the Hunan High Level Talent Gathering Project (2019RS1077&2020RC5007), the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (19C0903), the Natural Sciences Foundation of Hunan Agricultural University, China (Grant No. 19QN11), Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Innovation and Resource Utilization Science Foundation (19KFXM12), Changsha Science and technology plan (KH2005114 and KH2201428), the Hunan Graduate Scientific Research Innovation Project (2022XC017) and the College Students' Innovative Training (S202110537012 and s202210537079x) . - ISSN 2468-5194
   Перевод заглавия: Новый станнатный инфракрасный люминофор, легированный Cr3+, для освещения растений: решение структуры, настройка широкого спектра и перспективы применения
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Mg2SnO4: Cr3+ -- Chemical unit cosubstitution -- Emission tuning -- Local structural modification -- Plant growth LEDs
Аннотация: Chemical unit cosubstitution is an effective strategy to regulate the luminescence properties of phosphors, and it has attracted huge attention in the last few years. Following the design principles of the match of effective ion radius, atomic valence equilibrium and stoichiometric substitution, the local structure of crystal can be well customized, which is beneficial to develop high-performance luminescent materials. In this work, Mg2+-Sn4+ sites were cosubstituted by Zn2+-Ti4+ ion pairs in Mg2SnO4: Cr3+, respectively, and the emission spectra was successfully serially tuned from broad-band to narrow-band along with a unique variation trend of blue shift first and then slightly red shift. The photoluminescence excitation (PLE), photoluminescence (PL) spectra, lifetime decay, Raman spectra and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) were used to analyze the mechanism of luminescence tuning. Based on the manipulation of local structure, the as-observed distinct luminescence tuning can be well understood by the crystal field theory, nephelauxetic effect and changed Cr3+ capacity in this phosphor. Moreover, the adjusted narrow-band far-red emission spectra peak at 732 nm, matching the characteristic absorption of plant phytochrome PFR, has broad application prospects in the field of plant growth lighting. In addition, light-regulated dwarf potted tomato experiments were carried out to verify the application of far-red light in plant growth.

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Держатели документа:
College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
Hunan Optical Agriculture Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, 410128, China
Laboratory of Crystal Physics, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk660036, Russian Federation

Доп.точки доступа:
Gai, S. J.; Zhou, C.; Peng, L.; Wu, M. H.; Gao, P. X.; Su, L. J.; Molokeev, M. S.; Молокеев, Максим Сергеевич; Zhou, Z.; Xia, M.
}
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    A novel Mn4+-activated fluoride red phosphor Cs30(Nb2O2F9)9(OH)3·H2O:Mn4+ with good waterproof stability for WLEDs / Y. Chen, F. Liu, Z. Zhang [et al.] // J. Mater. Chem. C. - 2022. - Vol. 10, Is. 18. - P. 7049-7057, DOI 10.1039/d2tc00132b. - Cited References: 56. - This work was financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 51802359), the Joint Funds of NSFC and Yunnan Province (No. U1702254), and Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No. 2020A1515010556) . - ISSN 2050-7534
   Перевод заглавия: Новый Mn4+-активированный фторидный красный люминофор Cs30(Nb2O2F9)9(OH)3ћH2O:Mn4+ с хорошей водонепроницаемостью для WLED
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
Crystal structure -- Fluorine compounds -- Gallium alloys -- III-V semiconductors -- Indium alloys -- Light emission -- Light emitting diodes -- Optical properties -- Phosphors -- Precipitation (chemical) -- Waterproofing
Аннотация: Red-light-emitting materials, as pivotal components of warm white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), have drawn increasing public focus. Among these, Mn4+-doped red light-emitting fluorides have drawn considerable attention when combined with an InGaN chip; however, they suffer from poor water stability under humid conditions. In this work, a novel fluoride red phosphor, Cs30(Nb2O2F9)9(OH)3·H2O:xMn4+ (CNOFM), with good water resistance was synthesized for the first time using a facile co-precipitation method at ambient temperature. Experiments were implemented for the precise analysis of its crystal structure, optical properties, micro-morphology, thermal behavior, and waterproof properties. 6.66% Mn4+-doped CNOFM maintained a stable crystal structure and possessed strong PL intensity located at 633 nm with high color purity of 96%. CNOFM showed better thermal and waterproof stability compared with the commercial K2SiF6:Mn4+ red phosphor. Without any surface modifications, the PL intensity remained at about 83% of the initial value after immersion in water for 60 min, and the mechanism was investigated. Finally, a warm WLED with a CRI of 92.3 and CCT of 3271 K was fabricated using the CNOFM red phosphor.

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Держатели документа:
MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Chemistry/School of Marine Sciences, 510275/Zhuhai, Guangzhou, 519082, China
Laboratory of Crystal Physics, Federal Research Center KSC SB RAS, Kirensky Institute of Physics, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russian Federation
Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
Department of Physics, Far Eastern State Transport University, Khabarovsk, 680021, Russian Federation
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation
Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China

Доп.точки доступа:
Chen, Y.; Liu, F.; Zhang, Z.; Hong, J.; Molokeev, M. S.; Молокеев, Максим Сергеевич; Bobrikov, I. A.; Shi, J.; Zhou, J.; Wu, M.
}
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A quantum chemical study of the formation of 2-hydroperoxy-coelenterazine in the Ca2+-regulated photoprotein obelin / L. Y. Antipina [et al.] // Journal of Structural Chemistry. - 2011. - Т. 52, № 5. - P870-875 . - ISSN 0022-4766. - ISSN 1573-8779

РИНЦ
Держатели документа:
Institute of Biophysics,Siberian Division,Russian Academy of Sciences
L. V. Kirensky Institute of Physics,Siberian Division,Russian Academy of Sciences
M. F. Reshetnev Siberian State Aerospace University

Доп.точки доступа:
Antipina, L.Y.; Tomilin, F. N.; Томилин, Феликс Николаевич; Ovchinnikov, S.G.; Vysotskii, E.S.
}
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A quantum chemical study of the formation of 2-hydroperoxy-coelenterazine in the Сa2+-regulated photoprotein obelin / L. Y. Antipina [et al.] // J. Struct. Chem. - 2011. - Vol. 52, Is. 5. - P. 870-875. - Cited References: 19. - The work was supported by RFBR (07-04-00930-a), the "Molecular and Cell Biology" Program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Program of the Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (project No. 2) within the implementation of the Federal Targeted Program "Scientific and Scientific Pedagogical Personnel of Innovative Russia, 2010" (P333 and P213). . - ISSN 0022-4766

РУБ Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear + Chemistry, Physical
Рубрики:
CALCIUM-DISCHARGED OBELIN
   SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS
   1.7 ANGSTROM
   OPTIMIZATION
   PARAMETERS
   MECHANISM
   FLUORESCENCE
   ELEMENTS
   PROTEIN
   EMITTER
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
coelenterazine -- 2-hydroperoxy-coelenterazine -- Obelia longissima -- Renilla muelleri
Аннотация: The Ca2+-regulated photoprotein obelin determines the luminescence of the marine hydroid Obelia longissima. Bioluminescence is initiated by calcium and appears as a result of the oxidative decarboxylation related to the coelenterazine substrate. The luciferase of the luminescent marine coral Renilla muelleri (RM) also uses coelenterazine as a substrate. However, three proteins are involved in the in vivo bioluminescence of these animals: luciferase, green fluorescent protein, and Ca2+-regulated coelenterazine-binding protein (CBP). In fact, CBP that contains one strongly bound coelenterazine molecule is the RM luciferase substrate in the in vivo bioluminescent reaction. Coelenterazine becomes available for oxygen and the reaction with luciferase only after binding CBP with calcium ions. Unlike Ca2+-regulated photoproteins, the coelenterazine molecule is not activated by oxygen in the CBP molecule. In this work, by means of quantum chemical methods the behavior of substrates in these proteins is analyzed. It is shown that coelenterazine can form different tautomers: CLZ(2H) and CLZ(7H). The formation of 2-hydroperoxy-coelenterazine is studied. According to the obtained data, these proteins use different forms of the substrates for the reaction. In obelin, the substrate is in the CLZ(2H) form that affords hydrogen peroxide. In RM, coelenterazine is in the CLZ(7H) form, and therefore, CBP is not activated by oxygen.

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Держатели документа:
Russian Acad Sci, LV Kirensky Phys Inst, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biophys, Siberian Div, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
MF Reshetnev Siberian State Aerosp Univ, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

Доп.точки доступа:
Antipina, L. Yu.; Tomilin, F. N.; Томилин, Феликс Николаевич; Vysotski, E. S.; Высоцкий, Евгений Степанович; Ovchinnikov, S. G.; Овчинников, Сергей Геннадьевич
}
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10.

A simple method for the preparation of 3,5-dinitrimino-1,2,4-triazole and its salts / A. M. Astakhov [et al.] // Chem. Heterocycl. Compds. - 2017. - Vol. 53, Is. 6-7. - P. 722-727, DOI 10.1007/s10593-017-2116-7. - Cited References:33 . - ISSN 0009-3122. - ISSN 1573-8353

РУБ Chemistry, Organic
Рубрики:
ENERGETIC MATERIALS
DERIVATIVES
2-NITROGUANIDINE
Кл.слова (ненормированные):
3,5-dinitramino-1,2,4-triazole -- 3,5-dinitrimino-1,2,4-triazole -- 1,2,4-triazoles -- energetic compounds -- nitramines -- nitrimines -- nucleophilic substitution
Аннотация: The reaction of 2-methyl-1-nitrD 3/4 isothiourea with hydrazine in the presence of alkali metal bicarbonates (carbonates) resulted in the formation of 3,5-dinitrimino-1,2,4-triazole salts. The same salts were also formed by a reaction of 2-methyl-1-nitrD 3/4 isothiourea with alkali metal salts of 4-nitrD 3/4 semicarbazide. This represents the first synthesis and characterization of the high-energy 3,5-dinitrimino-1,2,4-triazole, which can be readily isolated by treatment of its disodium salt with HCl.

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Держатели документа:
Reshetnev Siberian State Univ Sci & Technol, 31 Krasnoyarsky Rabochy Ave, Krasnoyarsk 660037, Russia.
Russian Acad Sci, Kirensky Inst Phys, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok 50,Bldg 38, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
Siberian Fed Univ, 79 Svobodny Ave, Krasnoyarsk 660041, Russia.

Доп.точки доступа:
Astakhov, A. M.; Antishin, D. V.; Revenko, V. A.; Vasiliev, A. D.; Васильев, Александр Дмитриевич; Buka, E. S.
}
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